1407 lines
86 KiB
XML
1407 lines
86 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-203-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" ModsDocID="1314-2003-203-1" checkinTime="1659410005165" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika & Kessler, Michael" docDate="2022" docId="6DC4D3C287F30A8EDEB5D01434C7F578" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 203: 1-274" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 203" docPubDate="2022-08-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" docTitle="Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav., Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 139. 1798." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" masterDocTitle="A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1659410005165" updateUser="pensoft">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-1795</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Institute for Nature, Earth and Energy (INTE), Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, Peru</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tatianaerika@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kessler, Michael</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4612-9937</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2022-08-01</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>203</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>274</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-203-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DC4D3C287F30A8EDEB5D01434C7F578" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DC4D3C287F30A8EDEB5D01434C7F578" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
32.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Ruiz & Pav., Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 139. 1798." authorityName="Ruiz & Pav., Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 139. 1798." class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav., Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 139. 1798.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav A flowering branch B flowers C lower leaflet surface D upper leaflet surface E lower leaflet surface F upper leaflet surface G stipule sheaths H bark I lower leaflet surface J upper leaflet surface (A, B, H-J Boza & Urquiaga 3030. Cusco C, D Boza & Urquiaga 3020. Ancash E-G Boza & Urquiaga 3118 Cajamarca). Scale bars: 1 cm (A, C-F, I-J); 5 mm (B); 2 mm (G). Photographs by E. G. Urquiaga F." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721402" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 85</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 86" captionStartId="F86" captionText="Figure 86. Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav A flowering branch B stipular sheaths C fruit D lower leaf surface E upper leaf surface (A, C Vargas 186 B, E Vargas 59 D Vargas 58). Scale bars: 4 cm (A); 10 mm (C); 3 cm (D, E). Photographs by T. E. Boza E." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 86</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis villosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="villosa">Polylepis villosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
Humboldt, Bonpland and Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 6: 228. 1824. Type. Peru. Caxamarca: 8784 ft. (2700 m), Aug 1802,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bonpland 3685</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: P!; isotype: P!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis incana subsp. icosandra" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="incana" subSpecies="icosandra">Polylepis incana subsp icosandra</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 641. 1911. Type. Peru. Ancash: Cajatambo, between Tallenga and Piscapaccha,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weberbaueri 2886</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: B destroyed).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis incana subsp. micranthera" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="incana" subSpecies="micranthera">Polylepis incana subsp. micranthera</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 642. 1911. Type. Peru.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huanúco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Sierra, Caxamarquilla, without collector (holotype: W!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis incana subsp. var. var. primovestita" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="incana" subSpecies="var." variety="primovestita">Polylepis incana var. primovestita</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 645. 1911. Type. Peru. Caxamarquilla:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ruiz s.n</emphasis>
|
||
An illegitimate name since it is based on the same collection as the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. racemosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="racemosa">P. racemosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis incana subsp. var. var. connectens" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="incana" subSpecies="var." variety="connectens">Polylepis incana var. connectens</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bitter, G" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B28" refString="Bitter, G, 1911. Revision der Gattung Polylepis. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik 45: 564-656." title="Revision der Gattung Polylepis. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik 45: 564 - 656." year="1911">Bitter (1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:645). Type. Peru,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huanúco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
|
||
: mountains of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huanúco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haenke s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: PR).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Peru">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Caxamarquilla and Pillao
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ruiz s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: P!; isotype: G!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721402" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 85" startId="F85">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 85.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ruiz & Pav
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
flowering branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
flowers
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
lower leaflet surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
upper leaflet surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
lower leaflet surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
upper leaflet surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
stipule sheaths
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
bark
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
lower leaflet surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
upper leaflet surface (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B, H-J</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boza & Urquiaga 3030</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Cusco">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boza & Urquiaga 3020</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Ancash">Ancash</collectingRegion>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E-G</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boza & Urquiaga 3118</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Cajamarca">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
). Scale bars:
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C-F, I-J</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
). Photographs by E. G. Urquiaga F.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trees</emphasis>
|
||
2-15 m tall.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
slightly congested at the branch tips, imparipinnate with 1-2 pairs of leaflets, obtrullate in outline, (3.9-)4.5-5.8(-6.5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2.6-)3.1-4.6(-6.1) cm; rachises densely villous, points of leaflet attachment with a tuft of long hairs; stipular sheaths apically acute, glabrescent on the outer surfaces with long trichomes at the apex; leaflets obovate in outline, second pair from the terminal leaflet the largest, one of this pair (2.3-)3.1-3.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(0.7-)0.9-1.5 cm; margin serrate with 8-14 teeth, apically round, basally attenuate to unequally cordate; upper leaflet surfaces glabrous; lower leaflet surfaces sparsely to densely tomentose with yellowish hairs 0.4-1.5(-2.0) mm long.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
pendant, (4.2-)5.0-9.4(-11.7) cm long, bearing 7-21 flowers; floral bracts (3.8-)4.6-6.0 mm long, narrowly triangular, densely tomentose on the outer surface; rachises villous.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
(6.6-)7.8-8.1(-11.9) mm diam.; sepals 4, ovate, green, densely villous outside; stamens 9-19, anthers orbicular, with a dense tuft of straight white hairs on the upper half; styles fimbriate, 2.2-3.7 mm long.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||
turbinate, with 2-5 irregular ridges with a series of spines, densely pilose; (4.2-)5.0-8.1(-10.3)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(3.3-)3.8-6.0 mm including spines.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tetraploid</emphasis>
|
||
to
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">octoploid</emphasis>
|
||
with many intermediates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 86" startId="F86">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 86.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ruiz & Pav
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
flowering branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
stipular sheaths
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
fruit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
lower leaf surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
upper leaf surface (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 186</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, E</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 59</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 58</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bars: 4 cm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 10 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
); 3 cm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
|
||
). Photographs by T. E. Boza E.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution, habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded from Cajamarca to Cusco in Peru and, in recent decades, has been introduced to Ecuador from Pichincha to Azuay (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 92" captionStartId="F92" captionText="Figure 92. Geographical distribution of the species of subsection Polylepis Racemosae Racemosae." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure92" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721409" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">92</figureCitation>
|
||
). It has been recorded at 2750-4660 m elevation. To our knowledge, all records of this species refer to planted individuals, mostly close to villages and houses.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is probably the fastest growing species of the genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.557" author="Montalvo, JL" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B215" refString="Montalvo, JL, Minga, D, Verdugo, A, Lopez, J, Guazhambo, D, Pacheco, D, Siddons, D, Crespo, A, Zarate, E, 2018. Caracteristicas morfologico-funcionales, diversidad arborea, tasa de crecimiento y de secuestro de carbono en especies y ecosistemas de Polylepis del sur de Ecuador. Ecologia Austral 28(1bis): 249-261. https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.557" title="Caracteristicas morfologico-funcionales, diversidad arborea, tasa de crecimiento y de secuestro de carbono en especies y ecosistemas de Polylepis del sur de Ecuador. Ecologia Austral 28 (1 bis): 249 - 261." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.557" year="2018">Montalvo et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.v9n2.207" author="Rosero, S" journalOrPublisher="Enfoque UTE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="198 - 207" refId="B276" refString="Rosero, S, Arcos, J, Guallpa, M, Guaraca, H, 2018. Effect of the application of nutritive solution for the initial growth of Polylepis racemosa at hatchery level. Enfoque UTE 9 (2): 198 - 207, DOI: https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.v9n2.207" title="Effect of the application of nutritive solution for the initial growth of Polylepis racemosa at hatchery level." url="https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.v9n2.207" volume="9" year="2018">Rosero et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), presumably as a result of hybridogenic polyploidy and associated hybrid vigor. This species is currently being widely used in reforestation programmes in the Andes of Ecuador and Peru.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The EOO for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is estimated as 461,319 km2, the AOO is assessed at 128 km2 and it is known from 24 locations. The species was categorized as VU (A1c) in the World List of Threatened Trees (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Oldfield, S" journalOrPublisher="ACI Avances en Ciencias e Ingenierias" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B227" refString="Oldfield, S, Lusty, C, MacKinven, A, 1998. The World List of Threatened Trees. World Conservation Press, Cambridge." title="The World List of Threatened Trees. World Conservation Press, Cambridge." year="1998">Oldfield et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In Peru, it has been categorized as CR (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sembrero, M" journalOrPublisher="Plant Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B299" refString="SERFOR (2006) Clasificacion Oficial de Especies Amenazadas de Flora Silvestre. Normas Legales. El Peruano." year="2016">SERFOR 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This species is fast-growing, more ecologically adaptable than others in the genus and extensively used for reforestation and agroforestry. We assess
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. racemosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as Least Concern (B1a+B2a), unless a natural population is found, which would then be of high conservation concern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been observed to hybridize with other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, potentially threatening the genetic integrity of natural
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations. This process is especially apparent in Ecuador, where the species has, in recent decades, been widely planted even in conservation areas, such as Cajas National Park where first generation hybrids with all four native species can now be seen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1906138" author="Caiza, JC" journalOrPublisher="Neotropical Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="121 - 134" refId="B45" refString="Caiza, JC, Corredor, D, Galarraga, C, Herdoiza, JP, Santillan, M, Segovia-Salcedo, MC, 2021. Geometry morphometrics of plant structures as a phenotypic tool to differentiate Polylepis incana Kunth. and Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav. reforested jointly in Ecuador. Neotropical Biodiversity 7 (1): 121 - 134, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1906138" title="Geometry morphometrics of plant structures as a phenotypic tool to differentiate Polylepis incana Kunth. and Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav. reforested jointly in Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1906138" volume="7" year="2021">Caiza et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We strongly argue against using this species for afforestation projects.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from the most similar species
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. acomayensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="acomayensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. acomayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having larger leaflets (2.3-3.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.7-1.5 cm versus 1.6-2.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.5-0.9 cm), serrate versus crenate leaflet margins, tomentose, 0.4-2.0 mm long versus villous, 0.9-1.1 mm long hairs on the lower leaflet surfaces, inflorescences 4.2-11.7 cm with 7-21 flowers versus 2.0-4.0 cm with 5-7 flowers and 9-19 versus 19-25 stamens. Occasionally, specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. racemosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. triacontandra" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="triacontandra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. triacontandra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having the same number of lateral leaflet pairs and same lower leaflet surface hair type (tomentose), but it differs in leaflet margin (serrate versus crenate), leaflet apices (round versus acute to revolute), lower leaflet surface hair length (0.4-2.0 mm versus 0.4-0.8 mm), number of flowers per inflorescence (7-21 versus 11-13) and number of stamens (9-19 versus 21-23).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the taxonomically most enigmatic species of the genus. No natural populations are known, but it is very fast growing and the most commonly cultivated species of the genus. Various ploidy levels have been documented in the species, with tetra- and octoploids dominating, but there are also indications of diploids and aneuploids (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 87" captionStartId="F87" captionText="Figure 87. Geographical distribution of the ploidy levels in Polylepis racemosa. Pie chart sizes represent number of individuals studied: 1, 2, 3,> 5 indiv." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">87</figureCitation>
|
||
). We recognize three distinct morphotypes in this species: type A from Ecuador and northern Peru with leaflets 2.9-3.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.9-1.2 cm and lower leaflet surfaces densely tomentose with 1.5-2.0 mm long hairs (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav A flowering branch B flowers C lower leaflet surface D upper leaflet surface E lower leaflet surface F upper leaflet surface G stipule sheaths H bark I lower leaflet surface J upper leaflet surface (A, B, H-J Boza & Urquiaga 3030. Cusco C, D Boza & Urquiaga 3020. Ancash E-G Boza & Urquiaga 3118 Cajamarca). Scale bars: 1 cm (A, C-F, I-J); 5 mm (B); 2 mm (G). Photographs by E. G. Urquiaga F." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721402" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">85E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), type B mostly from central Peru with leaflets 2.3-2.9.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.8-0.9 cm and lower leaflet surfaces sparsely tomentose with 0.8-1.1 mm long hairs (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav A flowering branch B flowers C lower leaflet surface D upper leaflet surface E lower leaflet surface F upper leaflet surface G stipule sheaths H bark I lower leaflet surface J upper leaflet surface (A, B, H-J Boza & Urquiaga 3030. Cusco C, D Boza & Urquiaga 3020. Ancash E-G Boza & Urquiaga 3118 Cajamarca). Scale bars: 1 cm (A, C-F, I-J); 5 mm (B); 2 mm (G). Photographs by E. G. Urquiaga F." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721402" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">85C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and type C mostly from southern Peru with leaflets 3.1-3.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.2-1.5 cm and lower leaflet surfaces sparsely tomentose with 0.4-0.5 mm long hairs (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav A flowering branch B flowers C lower leaflet surface D upper leaflet surface E lower leaflet surface F upper leaflet surface G stipule sheaths H bark I lower leaflet surface J upper leaflet surface (A, B, H-J Boza & Urquiaga 3030. Cusco C, D Boza & Urquiaga 3020. Ancash E-G Boza & Urquiaga 3118 Cajamarca). Scale bars: 1 cm (A, C-F, I-J); 5 mm (B); 2 mm (G). Photographs by E. G. Urquiaga F." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721402" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">85I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 87" startId="F87">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 87.</emphasis>
|
||
Geographical distribution of the ploidy levels in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Pie chart sizes represent number of individuals studied: 1, 2, 3,>5 indiv.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
We hypothesize that
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. racemosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. racemosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a species of hybridogenic origin that had already been adopted by prehispanic Andean inhabitants because of its fast growth. It is unknown whether the original hybrid or hybrids originated naturally or because the parent species were cultivated in close proximity, as has been shown for species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Leucaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucaena" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leucaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Leucaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="family">Leguminosae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in Mexico (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702193104" author="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="14389 - 14394" refId="B145" refString="Hughes, CE, Govindarajulu, R, Robertson, A, Filer, DL, Harris, SA, Bailey, CD, 2007. Serendipitous backyard hybridization and the origin of crops. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104 (36): 14389 - 14394, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702193104" title="Serendipitous backyard hybridization and the origin of crops." url="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702193104" volume="104" year="2007">Hughes et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Based on the relatively low ploidy level (tetra- and possibly diploids) and morphological intermediacy, we propose that type B may be closest to the ancestral hybrid and that
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. fjeldsaoi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fjeldsaoi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. fjeldsaoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. incana" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="incana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. incana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the one hand and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. flavipila" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="flavipila">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. flavipila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the other hand are possible parent taxa. Once the species was widely cultivated, there probably were additional hybridization and polyploidization events, leading to the morphological and cytological variability seen today. Translocations of individuals between different human population centers would then lead to the complex present-day geographical distribution of the forms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-08-21" country="Ecuador" county="Cuenca" elevation="3778" location="Naranjal" municipality="Molleturo" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Azuay">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Azuay">Azuay</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Cuenca</collectingCounty>
|
||
, carretera
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Molleturo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DC4D3C287F30A8EDEB5D01434C7F578:419C9464C87873F0E98988D87CB6DCAF" country="Ecuador" county="Cuenca" municipality="Molleturo" name="Naranjal" stateProvince="Azuay">Naranjal</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.778" unit="m" value="3778.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.778" unit="m" value="3778.0">3778 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2008-08-21">21 August 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Romoleroux 5155</emphasis>
|
||
(QCA!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2004-11-30" country="Ecuador" county="Riobamba" elevation="2900" latitude="-1.7666667" location="Molobog" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.6" municipality="Parroquia Licto" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chimborazo">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Chimborazo">Chimborazo</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Riobamba</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Parroquia Licto</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, comuna
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DC4D3C287F30A8EDEB5D01434C7F578:AEB91C9C57F1B49632D6C010389BBBCC" country="Ecuador" county="Riobamba" latitude="-1.7666667" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.6" municipality="Parroquia Licto" name="Molobog" stateProvince="Chimborazo">Molobog</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="vía">via</normalizedToken>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DC4D3C287F30A8EDEB5D01434C7F578:6CCCFFD6800A7145D747770CD59A558B" country="Ecuador" county="Riobamba" latitude="-1.7666667" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.6" municipality="Parroquia Licto" name="Riobamba-Licto" stateProvince="Chimborazo">Riobamba-Licto</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="01" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.7666667">01°46'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.6">078°36'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-11-30">30 November 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caranqui 1303</emphasis>
|
||
(CHEP)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-08-26" collectingDateMax="2014-07-04" collectingDateMin="2009-08-26" collectorName="Parroquia El Quinche, de El Quinche, de Papallacta, Cayambe-Coca NP" country="Ecuador" county="Cayambe" elevation="3650" latitude="-0.35916665" location="Chumillos" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.149445" municipality="Parroquia El Quinche" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Cayambe</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Parroquia El Quinche</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, comunidad
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DC4D3C287F30A8EDEB5D01434C7F578:2ED330ECC3E564FB36C7C93CEB1D3ECD" country="Ecuador" county="Cayambe" latitude="-0.35916665" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.149445" municipality="Parroquia El Quinche" name="Chumillos" stateProvince="Pichincha">Chumillos</location>
|
||
, sitio
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="arqueológico">arqueologico</normalizedToken>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DC4D3C287F30A8EDEB5D01434C7F578:3F4F18BDB2956D420855532E93B7FD17" country="Ecuador" county="Cayambe" latitude="-0.35916665" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.149445" municipality="Parroquia El Quinche" name="Quito Loma" stateProvince="Pichincha">Quito Loma</location>
|
||
, a
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
al este
|
||
<collectorName>de El Quinche</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-0.104444444">00°06'16"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-78.211945">078°12'43"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" unit="m" value="3650.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" unit="m" value="3650.0">3650 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2009-08-26">26 August 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Asanza 2088</emphasis>
|
||
(QCNE). Papallacta, Papallacta along track from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DC4D3C287F30A8EDEB5D01434C7F578:D334BC38991DE4FCA5B6338CB6C447A4" country="Ecuador" county="Cayambe" latitude="-0.35916665" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.149445" municipality="Parroquia El Quinche" name="Termas de Papallacta" stateProvince="Pichincha">
|
||
Termas
|
||
<collectorName>de Papallacta</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
to entrance of
|
||
<collectorName>Cayambe-Coca NP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-0.35916665">00°21'33"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-78.149445">078°08'58"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" unit="m" value="3350.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" unit="m" value="3350.0">3350 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2014-07-04">04 July 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kessler 14608</emphasis>
|
||
(Z!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Peru">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Ancash">Ancash</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Casma, El Tambo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1978-08-25">25 August 1978</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mostacero 531</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!). Huaraz, Quebrada Quillcayhuanca,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.62" unit="m" value="3620.0">3620 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1989-10-30">30 October 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce 161</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); Q. Quillcayhuanca,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" unit="m" value="3650.0">3650 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1989-10-30">30 October 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce 164</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); en vivero forestal de Yanama, procedencia: Qilllcayhuanca,
|
||
<date value="1989-12-15">15 December 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce 183</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); Yupa, E of Huaraz on road to Pitec, agricultural land, trees along edge of fields,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.516666">09°31'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.46667">077°28'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="m" value="3700.0">3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1985-05-22">22 May 1985</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smith 10701</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!, MO!, QCA!, USM!); just below the summit of Huaraz-Casma road,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.55">09°33'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.566666">077°34'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">3900 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1985-06-05">05 June 1985</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smith 10846</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!); plants purchased in the weekly herb market, the Thursday market,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.516666">09°31'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.51667">077°31'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="m" value="4500.0">4500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1986-06-05">05 June 1986</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smith 12449</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!). Huari, en vivero forestal de Yanama, procedencia: Sapsha, en el Dist. de Chacas,
|
||
<date value="1989-12-15">15 December 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce 184</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!). Independencia, Pitec, Coordillera Blanca,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.5">09°30'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.5">077°30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="m" value="3800.0">3800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1988-08-11">11 August 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Frimer 10</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!). Recuay,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cátac">Catac</normalizedToken>
|
||
, cerca a Querococha,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-9.715833">09°42'57"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="45" value="-77.3125">077°18'45"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.185" unit="m" value="4185.0">4185 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2014-11-08">08 November 2014</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boza & Urquiaga 3020</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!, Z!); Laguna Querococha,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-9.675834">09°40'33"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-77.331665">077°19'54"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="m" value="4050.0" valueMax="4100.0" valueMin="4000.0">4000-4100 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2002-06-11">11 June 2002</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cano 12412</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!); Dist. Marca,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1998-06-13">13 June 1998</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gamarra 816</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Conococha-Pativilca, near Puente Santa Rosa, roadside slope,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="4000.0">4000 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2002-08-16">16 August 2002</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schmidt-Lebuhn 520</emphasis>
|
||
(GOET!, USM!);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huascarán">Huascaran</normalizedToken>
|
||
National Park, sector Querococha, alluvial fan at W end of lake,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.733334">09°44'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.333336">077°20'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.015" metricValueMax="4.08" metricValueMin="3.95" unit="m" value="4015.0" valueMax="4080.0" valueMin="3950.0">3950-4080 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1985-07-05">05 July 1985</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smith 11076</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!). San Marcos, the town of Chavin, Cordillera Blanca,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.583333">09°35'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.166664">077°10'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" unit="m" value="3150.0">3150 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1988-10-02">02 October 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Frimer 116</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!); the town of Chavin, Cordillera Blanca,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.583333">09°35'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.166664">077°10'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" unit="m" value="3150.0">3150 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1988-10-02">02 October 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nielsen 116</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!). Ticapampa, Cord. Blanca Western end of Lag. Querococha, on road between Huaraz and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chavín">Chavin</normalizedToken>
|
||
, western side of pass,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.7">09°42'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.333336">077°20'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="4000.0">4000 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1987-02-17">17 February 1987</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boertmann 71</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!, QCA!). from Huaraz towards Casma,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1988-04-04">04 April 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Renvoize 5052</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Apurimac">Apurimac</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Andahuaylas, Dist. Pampachiri,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="m" value="3700.0">3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2004-01-01">01 January 2004</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 186</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!). Carhuacahua, Pacachacas Valley,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1935-11-07">07 November 1935</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">West 3787</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Ayacucho">Ayacucho</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Huamanga, Quinua, centro urbano de Quinua,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" unit="m" value="3250.0">3250 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2013-05-01">01 May 2013</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hurtado JAHH030</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Dist. de Quinua, centro urbano de Quinua,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.27" unit="m" value="3270.0">3270 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2013-05-01">01 May 2013</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hurtado JAHH031</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Dist. Acocro; alrededor de Juiza,
|
||
<date value="2002-04-09">09 April 2002</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 103</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!). La Mar, Laguna de Toctococha,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-12.969166">12°58'09"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="074" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-74.0">074°00'00"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="m" value="4200.0">4200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2003-09-30">30 September 2003</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mendoza 1015</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); Aypacorral, camino a Uras. Dist San Miguel,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMax="3.18" metricValueMin="3.1" unit="m" value="3140.0" valueMax="3180.0" valueMin="3100.0">3100-3180 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2005-04-04">04 April 2005</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Roque 4717</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Dist. Luis Carranza, alrededor de Sacsamarca,
|
||
<date value="2001-02-22">22 February 2001</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 58</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Dist. Luis Carraza, alrededor de Sacsamarca,
|
||
<date value="2001-02-22">22 February 2001</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 59</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!). Vilcas Huaman, Dist. Vilcashuaman, Cerro Anahuarje subiendo por Allaspina y Churiaccaza,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="m" value="3800.0">3800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2004-09-27">27 September 2004</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Baldeón">Baldeon</normalizedToken>
|
||
6141
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Dist. Vilcashuaman, Qapap
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ñan">Nan</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Camino Inca) por Viscachayoc,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-13.655">13°39'18"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="073" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-73.93694">073°56'13"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.665" metricValueMax="3.6799999999999997" metricValueMin="3.65" unit="m" value="3665.0" valueMax="3680.0" valueMin="3650.0">3650-3680 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2004-09-29">29 September 2004</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Baldeón">Baldeon</normalizedToken>
|
||
6159
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); cerca del puente Rumichaca II, en la carretera Los Libertadores, Dist. Pilpichaca,
|
||
<date value="2001-06-26">26 June 2001</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Roque 3328</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Cajamarca">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Celendin, Celendin-Cajamarca km 28, cultivated as field border post,
|
||
<date value="2002-08-08">08 August 2002</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schmidt-Lebuhn 490</emphasis>
|
||
(GOET!, USM!); Celendin-Cajamarca rd,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.7" unit="km" value="33.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="27.0">27-40 km</quantity>
|
||
from Celendin,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.0333333">07°02'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.23333">078°14'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.2" unit="m" value="3300.0" valueMax="3400.0" valueMin="3200.0">3200-3400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1984-02-25">25 February 1984</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smith 6247</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, UMO, USM!).
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Encañada">Encanada</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Pampa del Toro on the road between Cajamarca and Celendin,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.0333333">07°02'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.26667">078°16'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1987-02-15">15 February 1987</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brandbyge 99</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!). Hualgayoc, Hualgayoc,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-6.887778">06°53'16"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="-78.66805">078°40'05"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.683" unit="m" value="3683.0">3683 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2015-05-31">31 May 2015</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boza & Urquiaga 3008</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3118</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3119</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!, Z!); Chugur, sobre la ruta a Perlamayo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.975" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.95" unit="m" value="2975.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2950.0">2950-3000 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1988-03-20">20 March 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
|
||
4679
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!). Magdalena, near Cumbe Mayo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.1833334">07°11'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.583336">078°35'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.575" metricValueMax="3.65" metricValueMin="3.5" unit="m" value="3575.0" valueMax="3650.0" valueMin="3500.0">3500-3650 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2003-01-26">26 January 2003</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lægaard">Laegaard</normalizedToken>
|
||
22233
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!). San Marcos, Bajada de la Totorilla, siguiendo el curso del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Shitmalca,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" unit="m" value="3550.0">3550 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1992-10-31">31 October 1992</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
|
||
6412
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F!, QCA!). San Miguel, Cajamarca-Bambamarca road, about
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="60.0">60 km</quantity>
|
||
from Cajamarca,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-6.8333335">06°50'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.666664">078°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="m" value="3800.0">3800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1983-02-17">17 February 1983</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smith 3499</emphasis>
|
||
(F!, MO!, USM!). San Pablo, Tumbaden, camino a Vista Alegre, entre la escuela de Antevo y Vista Alegre,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-6.9708333">06°58'15"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-78.716385">078°42'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2004-01-15">15 January 2004</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
|
||
12517
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(US!),
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.687" unit="m" value="2687.0">2687 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1802-08">August 1802</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Humboldt 3685</emphasis>
|
||
(B, F!, MO!); Cajamarca to Bambamarca, side road to Chugur (
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" unit="km" value="95.0">95 km</quantity>
|
||
from Cajamarca),
|
||
<date value="1988-03-20">20 March 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Renvoize 4846</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!); Micuypampa,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" unit="km" value="66.0">66 km</quantity>
|
||
from Cajamarca towards Celendin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" unit="m" value="3450.0">3450 m</quantity>
|
||
, 26 1988,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Renvoize 4951</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!); Cumbe Mayo.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
|
||
from Cajamarca,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1988-03-27">27 March 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Renvoize 4980</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!); entre Cajamarca y Cumbe Mayo, km 13,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1990-06-11">11 June 1990</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
|
||
5322
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Cusco">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Cusco Sacsayhuaman,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-13.509722">13°30'35"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-71.978615">071°58'43"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.391" unit="m" value="3391.0">3391 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2015-06-11">11 June 2015</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boza & Urquiaga 3030</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!, Z!); Cusco Tambomachay,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-13.509722">13°30'35"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-71.978615">071°58'43"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" unit="m" value="3550.0">3550 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2015-06-11">11 June 2015</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boza & Urquiaga 3031</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!, Z!); Dist. Cusco, Chacan,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-13.501667">13°30'06"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-71.98416">071°59'03"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.5" unit="m" value="3550.0" valueMax="3600.0" valueMin="3500.0">3500-3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2003-03-21">21 March 2003</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Calatayud 1247</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, F!, MO!);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100m</quantity>
|
||
von FuSptad nach Sacsayhuaman,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1989-08-20">20 August 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kessler 391</emphasis>
|
||
(GOET!, Z!); Sacsayhuaman,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1999-07-07">07 July 1999</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lægaard">Laegaard</normalizedToken>
|
||
20465
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!); Chacan S of Cusco,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.483334">13°29'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.0">072°00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">3900 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2003-02-10">10 February 2003</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lægaard">Laegaard</normalizedToken>
|
||
22351
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22352</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!); cultivated on the Plaza de Armas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.533334">13°32'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-71.98333">071°59'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2000-08-16">16 August 2000</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schmidt-Lebuhn 39</emphasis>
|
||
(GOET!); cultivated on the Plaza de Armas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.533334">13°32'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-71.98333">071°59'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2000-08-22">22 August 2000</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schmidt-Lebuhn 40</emphasis>
|
||
(GOET!); Calca, Taray Chitapampa, a
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
|
||
de Cusco en la carretera Cusco-Urubamba,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1987-05-16">16 May 1987</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
8117
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!). Chumbivilcas,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Velille,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" unit="m" value="3850.0">3850 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1962-12-18">18 December 1962</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 14090</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!). Cusco,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="C’orao">C'orao</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.653" unit="m" value="3653.0">3653 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2003-05-01">01 May 2003</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Miskahuara (margenes del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1970-02-01">01 February 1970</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 21978</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Pumamarca,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1946-05-11">11 May 1946</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 6044</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!). Espinar, Yauri Virginniyoc, ca.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
|
||
de Yauri, camino de Yauri, puente viejo, Maucallacta hacia Suicutambo, por carretera y caminos de Herradura,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" unit="m" value="4100.0">4100 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1987-04-13">13 April 1987</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
7889
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!). Urubamba, Chicon,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.517" unit="m" value="3517.0">3517 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2003-04-01">01 April 2003</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Chincheros, around community of Taucca,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.416667">13°25'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.0">072°00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" unit="m" value="4050.0">4050 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1982-01-14">14 January 1982</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Davis 1578</emphasis>
|
||
(A!, USM!); Tankarpata, above Cusco airport, valley between dry steep hillsides,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.516666">13°31'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-71.96667">071°58'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1983-07-23">23 July 1983</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gentry 43217</emphasis>
|
||
(F!, MO!, USM!); Dist. Huayllabamba, entre Huayoccari y las lagunas de Yanacocha y Kellococha,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.216666">13°13'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.26667">072°16'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="2.9" unit="m" value="3750.0" valueMax="4600.0" valueMin="2900.0">2900-4600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1989-07-17">17 July 1989</date>
|
||
-
|
||
<date value="1989-07-18">18 July 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tupayachi 1139</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); Dist. Huayllabamba, Quebrada de Huayoccari-Laguna de Yanaccocha,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-13.354167">13°21'15"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-72.06528">072°03'55"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38" metricValueMax="3.86" metricValueMin="2.9" unit="m" value="3380.0" valueMax="3860.0" valueMin="2900.0">2900-3860 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1988-12-21">21 December 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tupayachi 808</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!).
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.3" unit="m" value="3550.0" valueMax="3800.0" valueMin="3300.0">3300-3800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1958-05-19" valueMax="1958-05-21" valueMin="1958-05-19">19-21 May 1958</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Humbert 1958</emphasis>
|
||
(US!); San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sebastián">Sebastian</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1988-03-25">25 March 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Velásquez">Velasquez</normalizedToken>
|
||
12
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Huanuco">Huanuco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Huamalies,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" unit="km" value="17.5">17.5 km</quantity>
|
||
N of Llata by Singa,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.383333">09°23'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-76.86667">076°52'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1965-09-16">16 September 1965</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bird 1383</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!), Lauricocha, Jesus,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Lauricocha, ladera, Dist. San Miguel de Cauri,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.326" unit="m" value="3326.0">3326 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2003-08-08">08 August 2003</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Salvador 541a</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Junín">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Junin">Junin</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Huancayo,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Concepción">Concepcion</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1982-09-20">20 September 1982</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aguilar s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Pampas Valley,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1948-05-24">24 May 1948</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anderson 695</emphasis>
|
||
(US!); Chongos al sur de Huancayo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1983-03-24">24 March 1983</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
|
||
s.n
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Cerca a Huancayo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="m" value="3800.0">3800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1957-07-01">01 July 1957</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ferreyra 12418</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1960-12-03">03 December 1960</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kunkel 5626</emphasis>
|
||
(GOET!); Huayucachi,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" unit="m" value="3260.0">3260 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1974-01-05">05 January 1974</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="order">Rosales</taxonomicName>
|
||
5
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.317" unit="m" value="3317.0">3317 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1945-03-01">01 March 1945</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Soukup 2720</emphasis>
|
||
(F!); Quilcas, alrededores de Shuckto-Loma,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1994-01-09">09 January 1994</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yarupaitán">Yarupaitan</normalizedToken>
|
||
1154
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!). Jauja, Common along at stream in sheltered valley east of Concepcion; foliage bluish-green,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1945-01-09">09 January 1945</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hodge 6221</emphasis>
|
||
(A!, US!); Quinual Dist. Mito,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.295" unit="m" value="3295.0">3295 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1974-08-14">14 August 1974</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="order">Rosales</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.n
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!).
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Junín">Junin</normalizedToken>
|
||
, collected near Chongos Bajo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1974-02-19">19 February 1974</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antunez de Mayolo 18</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Tarma, Huacapo near Tarma,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-11.416667">11°25'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="075" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-75.7">075°42'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.029999999999999" unit="m" value="4030.0">4030 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1987-02-01">01 February 1987</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boertmann 13</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!); Cerca a cumbre entre Tarma y Oroya,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.5" unit="m" value="3550.0" valueMax="3600.0" valueMin="3500.0">3500-3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1948-06-29">29 June 1948</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ferreyra 3792</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, US!, USM!); Casa Blanca cerca de Tarma verdosas,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.325" metricValueMax="3.35" metricValueMin="3.3" unit="m" value="3325.0" valueMax="3350.0" valueMin="3300.0">3300-3350 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1952-04-08">08 April 1952</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ferreyra 8259</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!); along shaded stream bank,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="m" value="3100.0" valueMax="3200.0" valueMin="3000.0">3000-3200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1929-04-20" valueMax="1929-04-22" valueMin="1929-04-20">20-22 April 1929</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Killip 21899</emphasis>
|
||
(A!, F!, US!); Palcamayo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1960-03-09">09 March 1960</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kunkel 4439</emphasis>
|
||
(GOET!);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
north of Jauja on the road to Tarma,
|
||
<date value="1977-01-07">07 January 1977</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Simpson 8544</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!). Yauli, La Oroya,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-11.533334">11°32'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="075" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-75.88333">075°53'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="m" value="3700.0">3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1983-01-07">07 January 1983</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smith 2973</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!), between La Quinua and Huariaca, Estancia La Aurora, rivershore,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1940-06-24">24 June 1940</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Asplund 11944</emphasis>
|
||
(US!); Ataura, cerca Jauja,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mucha s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!); Runatullo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1940-07-01">01 July 1940</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ridoutt 11775</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Tingopacha along a stream runing through the village,
|
||
<date value="1977-01-07">07 January 1977</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Simpson 8543</emphasis>
|
||
(US!, USM!); Km 72 along 3-S from Jauja to La Oroya,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
south of Parco along the fence of a house,
|
||
<date value="1977-01-09">09 January 1977</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Simpson 8549</emphasis>
|
||
(US!, USM!); North of Junin near a house along the road,
|
||
<date value="1977-01-11">11 January 1977</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Simpson 8556</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Palca,
|
||
<date value="1947-08-01">01 August 1947</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Soukup 3498</emphasis>
|
||
(F!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="La Libertad">La Libertad</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Otuzco, Ruta Salpo-Samne,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1993-05-27">27 May 1993</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leiva 741</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, QCA!). Sanchez Carrion, Trujillo-Huamachuco road, about
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
W of Huamachuco,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.8333335">07°50'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.25">078°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1983-02-14">14 February 1983</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Smith 3354</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!). Santiago de Chuco, Quiruvilca, margen derecha del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Chuyunhual,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.62" unit="m" value="3620.0">3620 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2003-05-02">02 May 2003</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cano 13106</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13110</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Dist. Quiruvilca. El Sauco,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6049999999999995" unit="m" value="3605.0">3605 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2013-06-16">16 June 2013</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonzáles">Gonzales</normalizedToken>
|
||
2286
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Los Quinuales (al norte de Quiruvilca),
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.775" unit="m" value="3775.0">3775 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1994-03-24">24 March 1994</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leiva 1090</emphasis>
|
||
(F!, QCA!); Sauca (Santiago de Chuco),
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1984-06-16">16 June 1984</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sagástegui">Sagastegui</normalizedToken>
|
||
11941
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!). Trujillo, purchased in the Mayorista Market. Medicinal plant area,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-8.116667">08°07'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="079" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.01667">079°01'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2010-01-12">12 January 2010</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Meyer 881</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); purchased at Mercado Mayorista,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-8.116667">08°07'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="079" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.01667">079°01'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2008-06-23">23 June 2008</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rothrock 3</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Lima">Lima</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Canta, Lachaqui,
|
||
<date value="1989-10-05">05 October 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce 101</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); Lachaqui, camino al cerro Llamarume,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" unit="m" value="3850.0">3850 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1991-09-11">11 September 1991</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vilcapoma 1202</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!). Chicla, Chicla on Route 20 from Lima to La Oroya,
|
||
<date value="1977-01-12">12 January 1977</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Simpson 8560</emphasis>
|
||
(A!, MO!, USM!). Huarochiri, Carampoma,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.876" unit="m" value="3876.0">3876 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1989-11-18">18 November 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce 167</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); Vista Alegre,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Blanco,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1990-02-21">21 February 1990</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce 204</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); San Juan de Tantaracnche,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1990-03-22">22 March 1990</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce 207</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!). Oyon, Oyon,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.6" unit="m" value="3650.0" valueMax="3700.0" valueMin="3600.0">3600-3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2000-06-25">25 June 2000</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cano 10818</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Cacray towards la Oroya,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weberbauer 220</emphasis>
|
||
(F!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Pasco">Pasco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Pasco, La Quinua,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.54" unit="m" value="3540.0">3540 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1986-12-01">01 December 1986</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rivas s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); between Huanuco and Pampayacu, eastern side,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.657" unit="m" value="3657.0">3657 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1927-02-04">04 February 1927</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kanehira 5</emphasis>
|
||
(A!, F!). 1839-1840,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gay s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); San Buena Ventura,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Née">Nee</normalizedToken>
|
||
s.n
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F!); 1778-1788,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
|
||
s.n
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(F!); 1779-1854,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ruiz s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(G, MO!); entre Tarma y Oroya a
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
de Tarma,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.6" unit="m" value="3650.0" valueMax="3700.0" valueMin="3600.0">3600-3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1954-06-30">30 June 1954</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tovar 2371</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |