201 lines
29 KiB
XML
201 lines
29 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E96B6F7E10E77B30EBD513269F7D0ECC">The spider family Oecobiidae in Madagascar, including four new species and a new record</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="008C783D24F1F86149282C302146FF91">Magalhães, Mayara D. F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="789225A24D63880B36E3837366C449E1">Santos, Adalberto J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="251AAF144F9DB6F68A329D5678D0412A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="39B9971EEFC3A8B7B3A3B162368EA851">
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<mods:date id="EE3B20CA61196889DC29F15E78CFB424">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="6D4287D2FFE08F589D9426CB8D1B00A9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5946436" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154507944" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5946436" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D4287D2FFE08F589D9426CB8D1B00A9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D4287D2FFE08F589D9426CB8D1B00A9" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="ADF1654FFFE08F589D9426CB8C0904F2" box="[151,578,930,956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E55436C4FFE08F589D9426CB8C0904F2" blockId="3.[151,578,930,956]" box="[151,578,930,956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<heading id="BE1C81A8FFE08F589D9426CB8C0904F2" bold="true" box="[151,578,930,956]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589D9426CB8C0904F2" bold="true" box="[151,578,930,956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589DED26CB8C0904F2" ID-CoL="63LJC" authority="Lamoral, 1981" authorityName="Lamoral" authorityYear="1981" box="[238,578,930,956]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589DED26CB8FCF04F2" bold="true" box="[238,388,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Paroecobius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589C8826CB8C0904F2" author="Lamoral, B. H." box="[395,578,930,956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="507 - 512" refId="ref5309" refString="Lamoral, B. H. (1981) Paroecobius wilmotae, a new genus and species of spider from the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Araneae: Oecobiidae: Oecobiinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 24, 507 - 512." type="journal article" year="1981">Lamoral, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="ADF1654FFFE08F589D9426808FAF04B1" box="[151,484,1001,1023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="E55436C4FFE08F589D9426808FAF04B1" blockId="3.[151,685,1001,1054]" box="[151,484,1001,1023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C5FB11EAFFE08F589D9426808FAF04B1" box="[151,484,1001,1023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589D9426808FAF04B1" ID-CoL="63LJC" authority="Lamoral, 1981: 508" authorityName="Lamoral" authorityPageNumber="508" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,484,1001,1023]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589D9426808F5D04B1" box="[151,278,1001,1023]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Paroecobius</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="644A10D5FFE08F589C1F26808FAF04B1" author="Lamoral, B. H." box="[284,484,1001,1023]" page="508" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" year="1981">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589C1F26808FFE04B1" author="Lamoral, B. H." box="[284,437,1001,1023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="507 - 512" refId="ref5309" refString="Lamoral, B. H. (1981) Paroecobius wilmotae, a new genus and species of spider from the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Araneae: Oecobiidae: Oecobiinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 24, 507 - 512." type="journal article" year="1981">Lamoral, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 508
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="ADF1654FFFE08F589D9421618CE60350" box="[151,685,1032,1054]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="E55436C4FFE08F589D9421618CE60350" blockId="3.[151,685,1001,1054]" box="[151,685,1032,1054]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589D9421618F690350" bold="true" box="[151,290,1032,1054]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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||
<typeStatus id="3A508866FFE08F589D9421618E870350" box="[151,204,1032,1054]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589C2A21618CE10350" authority="Lamoral, 1981" authorityName="Lamoral" authorityYear="1981" box="[297,682,1032,1054]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmotae">
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<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589C2A21618C470350" box="[297,524,1032,1054]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Paroecobius wilmotae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589F1221618CE10350" author="Lamoral, B. H." box="[529,682,1032,1054]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="507 - 512" refId="ref5309" refString="Lamoral, B. H. (1981) Paroecobius wilmotae, a new genus and species of spider from the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Araneae: Oecobiidae: Oecobiinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 24, 507 - 512." type="journal article" year="1981">Lamoral, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="ADF1654FFFE08F589D9421238C3B0211" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="E55436C4FFE08F589D9421238C3B0211" blockId="3.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589D9421238F9C032D" bold="true" box="[151,471,1098,1123]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Emended genus diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589CE221228C25032D" authorityName="Lamoral" authorityYear="1981" box="[481,622,1099,1123]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589CE221228C25032D" box="[481,622,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Paroecobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589EAD21228A53032D" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1846" box="[942,1048,1099,1123]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Oecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589EAD21228A53032D" box="[942,1048,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Oecobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F58995621228AAC032D" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1935" box="[1109,1255,1099,1123]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Platoecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F58995621228AAC032D" box="[1109,1255,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Platoecobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the anterior median eyes dark and the largest, with a black ring on cuticular base, while all other eyes are opalescent (
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<figureCitation id="7DD02A41FFE08F58983A21078B3103C9" box="[1337,1402,1134,1159]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1967,1989]" captionTargetBox="[157,1419,416,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[150,1436,375,1945]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–B, Oecobius kowalskii sp. nov. A, male holotype, dorsal. B, female paratype, dorsal. C–D, Paroecobius skipper sp. nov. C, male holotype, dorsal. D, female paratype, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611964/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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C– D;
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<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589DBA21FB8F1003E5" author="Lamoral, B. H." box="[185,347,1170,1195]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="507 - 512" refId="ref5309" refString="Lamoral, B. H. (1981) Paroecobius wilmotae, a new genus and species of spider from the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Araneae: Oecobiidae: Oecobiinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 24, 507 - 512." type="journal article" year="1981">Lamoral 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 2, 3). The calamistrum of females are in a single row, situated in proximal half of metatarsus IV, males do not have calamistrum. The female epigynum has a blind transverse invagination (hood,
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<figureCitation id="7DD02A41FFE08F58981821DF8B2A0381" box="[1307,1377,1206,1231]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1323,1345]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1292]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,195,1301]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paroecobius skipper sp. nov. A–C, male palpus (CASENT 9009645). A, prolateral view; B, ventral. C, retrolateral. D–E, female epigynum (CASENT 9012019). D, ventral view. E, dorsal, cleared. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AG, anterior groove; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory openings; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; Gl, internal glandular chamber; H, hood; OEA, Oecobiidae embolic apophysis; OTA, Oecobiidae tegular apophysis; OTL I, Oecobiidae tegular lobe I; OTL II, Oecobiidae tegular lobe II; ST, subtegulum; T, tegulum; UE, uterus externus. Arrow: Retrolateral keel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611957/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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D–E, 3A–D, 5E;
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<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589C1A21B38FF703BD" author="Lamoral, B. H." box="[281,444,1242,1267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="507 - 512" refId="ref5309" refString="Lamoral, B. H. (1981) Paroecobius wilmotae, a new genus and species of spider from the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Araneae: Oecobiidae: Oecobiinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 24, 507 - 512." type="journal article" year="1981">Lamoral 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 6). The spermathecae have a porous and globular glandular chamber inside, with a large external opening (
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<figureCitation id="7DD02A41FFE08F589CAC21978C450259" box="[431,526,1278,1303]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1323,1345]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1292]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,195,1301]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paroecobius skipper sp. nov. A–C, male palpus (CASENT 9009645). A, prolateral view; B, ventral. C, retrolateral. D–E, female epigynum (CASENT 9012019). D, ventral view. E, dorsal, cleared. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AG, anterior groove; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory openings; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; Gl, internal glandular chamber; H, hood; OEA, Oecobiidae embolic apophysis; OTA, Oecobiidae tegular apophysis; OTL I, Oecobiidae tegular lobe I; OTL II, Oecobiidae tegular lobe II; ST, subtegulum; T, tegulum; UE, uterus externus. Arrow: Retrolateral keel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611957/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Figs 2E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7DD02A41FFE08F589F1C21968C210258" box="[543,618,1279,1303]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1395,1417]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,224,1364]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,195,1373]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paroecobius spp. A–B, Paroecobius rico sp. nov., female epigynum (CASENT 9014210). A, ventral view. B, dorsal, cleared. The dashed line on the right of the spermatheca represents a reconstruction of this structure, which has been damaged during the manipulation. C–D, Paroecobius private sp. nov., female epigynum (CASENT 9013402). C, ventral view. D, dorsal, cleared. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory openings; FD, fertilization ducts; Gl, internal glandular chamber; H, hood; UE, uterus externus. Arrows: copulatory openings." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611960/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">3B, D</figureCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589F7821978D690259" author="Lamoral, B. H." box="[635,802,1278,1303]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="507 - 512" refId="ref5309" refString="Lamoral, B. H. (1981) Paroecobius wilmotae, a new genus and species of spider from the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Araneae: Oecobiidae: Oecobiinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 24, 507 - 512." type="journal article" year="1981">Lamoral 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 7). The pedipalpus has a short subtegulum. The embolus, the tegular apophysis and the
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<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589F4E204B8C860275" authorityName="Blackwall" authorityYear="1862" box="[589,717,1314,1339]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Oecobiidae</taxonomicName>
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tegular lobe I are reduced, located in a small area of the tegulum (
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<figureCitation id="7DD02A41FFE08F589D9C202F8EA90211" box="[159,226,1350,1375]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1323,1345]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,195,1292]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,195,1301]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paroecobius skipper sp. nov. A–C, male palpus (CASENT 9009645). A, prolateral view; B, ventral. C, retrolateral. D–E, female epigynum (CASENT 9012019). D, ventral view. E, dorsal, cleared. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: AG, anterior groove; CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory openings; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; Gl, internal glandular chamber; H, hood; OEA, Oecobiidae embolic apophysis; OTA, Oecobiidae tegular apophysis; OTL I, Oecobiidae tegular lobe I; OTL II, Oecobiidae tegular lobe II; ST, subtegulum; T, tegulum; UE, uterus externus. Arrow: Retrolateral keel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611957/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A–C;
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<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589C26202F8FB20211" author="Wunderlich, J." box="[293,505,1350,1375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="581 - 584" refId="ref6055" refString="Wunderlich, J. (1995 b) Beschreibung der zweiten Art der Gattung Paroecobius Lamoral 1981 aus Sud-Afrika (Arachnida: Araneae: Oecobiidae). Beitrage zur Araneologie, 4, 581 - 584." type="journal article" year="1995">Wunderlich 1995b</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 2–4).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ADF1654FFFE08F589DC420038FBC00D1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="E55436C4FFE08F589DC420038FB902A1" blockId="3.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589DC420038F7002CD" bold="true" box="[199,315,1386,1411]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Remarks.</emphasis>
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As mentioned in this study,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589F8520028D5802CD" authorityName="Lamoral" authorityYear="1981" box="[646,787,1387,1411]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589F8520028D5802CD" box="[646,787,1387,1411]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Paroecobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be a monophyletic group supported by sharing the epigynal hood, reduced embolus and tegular apophysis, both located in a small median area in the tegulum. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589D9420DB8F5C0285" authorityName="Blackwall" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,279,1458,1483]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Oecobiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
tegular lobe I also seem to be reduced, which is consistent with the reduction of the embolus and all tegular apophysis in the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E55436C4FFE08F589DC420928C750018" blockId="3.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
We report an intriguing internal structure in the female spermathecae of two oecobiid genera. This structure was originally reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589CD823778A220179" authority="Kullman & Zimmermann, 1976" authorityName="Kullman & Zimmermann" authorityYear="1976" box="[475,1129,1566,1591]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Uroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecribellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589CD823778CA70178" box="[475,748,1566,1590]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Uroecobius ecribellatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589FF423778A220179" author="Kullmann, E. & Zimmermann, W." box="[759,1129,1566,1591]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="29 - 40" refId="ref5257" refString="Kullmann, E. & Zimmermann, W. (1976) Ein neuer Beitrag zum Cribellaten-Ecribellaten-Problem: Beschreibung von Uroecobius ecribellatus n. gen. n. sp. und Diskussion seiner phylogenetischen Stellung (Arachnida: Araneae: Oecobiidae). Entomologica Germanica, 3, 29 - 40." type="journal article" year="1976">Kullman & Zimmermann, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a muscular attachment surface, probably because of its wired surface as seen under SEM (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589E83232B8B3E0115" author="Kullmann, E. & Zimmermann, W." box="[896,1397,1602,1627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="29 - 40" refId="ref5257" refString="Kullmann, E. & Zimmermann, W. (1976) Ein neuer Beitrag zum Cribellaten-Ecribellaten-Problem: Beschreibung von Uroecobius ecribellatus n. gen. n. sp. und Diskussion seiner phylogenetischen Stellung (Arachnida: Araneae: Oecobiidae). Entomologica Germanica, 3, 29 - 40." type="journal article" year="1976">Kullmann & Zimmermann 1976: figs 12–14</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A similar structure was illustrated in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589F3A230F8D720130" authorityName="Lamoral" authorityYear="1981" box="[569,825,1638,1662]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmotae">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589F3A230F8D720130" box="[569,825,1638,1662]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Paroecobius wilmotae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589E4E230F8A010131" author="Lamoral, B. H." box="[845,1098,1638,1663]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="507 - 512" refId="ref5309" refString="Lamoral, B. H. (1981) Paroecobius wilmotae, a new genus and species of spider from the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Araneae: Oecobiidae: Oecobiinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 24, 507 - 512." type="journal article" year="1981">Lamoral 1981: fig. 7</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and is present in the three
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589D9423E28F6F01ED" authorityName="Lamoral" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,292,1675,1699]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589D9423E28F6F01ED" box="[151,292,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Paroecobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species described here and called the internal glandular chamber (Gl). It is currently impossible to ascertain the presence of this structure in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589F7723C68DF00189" authority="Wunderlich, 1995" authorityName="Wunderlich" authorityYear="1995" box="[628,955,1710,1735]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicolaii">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589F7723C68CAC0188" box="[628,743,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">P. nicolaii</emphasis>
|
||
Wunderlich, 1995
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because its internal female genitalia were not described or illustrated in detail (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589F6323BB8D7F01A5" author="Wunderlich, J." box="[608,820,1746,1771]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="581 - 584" refId="ref6055" refString="Wunderlich, J. (1995 b) Beschreibung der zweiten Art der Gattung Paroecobius Lamoral 1981 aus Sud-Afrika (Arachnida: Araneae: Oecobiidae). Beitrage zur Araneologie, 4, 581 - 584." type="journal article" year="1995">Wunderlich 1995b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although nothing is known about the function of this structure, its shape and the presence of numerous pores on its internal surface suggest that it could be a glandular chamber. The presence of this internal glandular chamber in the spermathecae suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F5899A522728B78007D" authorityName="Lamoral" authorityYear="1981" box="[1190,1331,1819,1843]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F5899A522728B78007D" box="[1190,1331,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Paroecobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be phylogenetically close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589CB522578C730018" authorityName="Kullmann & Zimmermann" authorityYear="1976" box="[438,568,1854,1878]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Uroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589CB522578C730018" box="[438,568,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Uroecobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E55436C4FFE08F589DC4220B8FBC00D1" blockId="3.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589DC4220B8F2D0035" bold="true" box="[199,358,1890,1915]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Composition.</emphasis>
|
||
Five species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589F13220A8D8F0035" authority="Lamoral, 1981" authorityName="Lamoral" authorityYear="1981" box="[528,964,1890,1915]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmotae">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589F13220A8D450035" box="[528,782,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Paroecobius wilmotae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="817A4B35FFE08F589E1A220B8D8F0035" author="Lamoral, B. H." box="[793,964,1890,1915]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="507 - 512" refId="ref5309" refString="Lamoral, B. H. (1981) Paroecobius wilmotae, a new genus and species of spider from the Okavango Delta, Botswana (Araneae: Oecobiidae: Oecobiinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 24, 507 - 512." type="journal article" year="1981">Lamoral, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22EB4D47FFE08F589ED7220A8B690035" authority="Wunderlich, 1995" authorityName="Wunderlich" authorityYear="1995" box="[980,1314,1890,1915]" class="Arachnida" family="Oecobiidae" genus="Paroecobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicolaii">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589ED7220A8A030035" box="[980,1096,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">P. nicolaii</emphasis>
|
||
Wunderlich, 1995
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and three species newly described below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADF1654FFFE08F589DC422C38D1B00A9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E55436C4FFE08F589DC422C38D1B00A9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="D79FEAD6FFE08F589DC422C38F2B008D" bold="true" box="[199,352,1962,1987]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Previously known only from the Afrotropical region, with two species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9DFC7654FFE08F5899B422C28B6E008C" box="[1207,1317,1963,1986]" name="Botswana" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9DFC7654FFE08F58985822C38EA900A9" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, recorded here for the first time in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9DFC7654FFE08F589F6422A78CA500A9" box="[615,750,1998,2023]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DD02A41FFE08F589FFD22A78D0900A9" box="[766,834,1998,2023]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[177,1402,819,1580]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,788,1611]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Geographic distribution records of Oecobius Lucas, 1846 in Madagascar (red) and Paroecobius Lamoral, 1981 (yellow) in the Afrotropical region. Red circle: Oecobius marathaus Tikader, 1962; red squares: Oecobius kowalskii sp. nov.; yellow square: Paroecobius private sp. nov.; yellow triangle: Paroecobius rico sp. nov.; yellow circles: Paroecobius skipper sp. nov.; yellow diamond: Paroecobius wilmotae Lamoral, 1981; yellow cross: Paroecobius nicolaii Wunderlich, 1995. Geographic coordinates for continental African Paroecobius were obtained from Wunderlich (1995) and from Google Earth, for P. nicolaii and P. wilmotae respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611969/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |