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<document id="AB26C8C0FC9E64657C8C7156424FF1E2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.169764" ID-GBIF-Dataset="767f7288-bd36-4e06-aa07-fb23f0c1d47e" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="169764" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459746029770" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fan, Qing-Hai &amp; Chen, Yan" docDate="2005" docId="03FBBA7B1834FC68FC4063ABFBAE1C5F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01037p022.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1037" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pomerantziidae Baker" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFC2C2031835FC6BFD486069FFBE1809" masterDocTitle="A review of the Pomerantziidae (Acari: Prostigmata: Pomerantzioidea), with the description of a new genus" masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698209702026" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="21F6A1B456F58EE918F8550067FB03A9">A review of the Pomerantziidae (Acari: Prostigmata: Pomerantzioidea), with the description of a new genus</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0A5BC011834FC6AFC4063ABFD9E1BD5" bold="true" box="[264,544,962,988]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1834FC6AFC4063ABFD9E1BD5" authority="Baker" authorityName="Baker" box="[264,544,962,988]" class="Arachnida" family="Pomerantziidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFC4063ABFD9E1BD5" bold="true" box="[264,544,962,988]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Pomerantziidae
<collectingCountry id="F3454BFD1834FC6AFC9C63ABFD9E1BD5" box="[468,544,962,988]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Baker</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34858E61834FC6AFC406464FD141C4E" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1834FC6AFC406464FD3C1C2D" authority="Baker, 1949: 269" authorityName="Baker" authorityPageNumber="269" authorityYear="1949" box="[264,642,1037,1060]" class="Arachnida" family="Pomerantziidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Pomerantziidae
<treatmentCitation id="0AF32D7C1834FC6AFCF36464FD3C1C2D" author="Baker" box="[443,642,1037,1060]" page="269" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1949">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1834FC6AFCF36464FDF81C2D" author="Baker" box="[443,582,1037,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" refString="Baker, E. W. (1949) Pomerantziidae, a new family of prostigmatic mites. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 39 (8), 269 - 271." type="journal article" year="1949">
<collectingCountry id="F3454BFD1834FC6AFCF36464FE431C2D" box="[443,509,1037,1060]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Baker</collectingCountry>
, 1949
</bibRefCitation>
: 269
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF32D7C1834FC6AFFDB6464FCCA1C2D" author="Cunliffe" box="[659,884,1037,1060]" page="213" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1955">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1834FC6AFFDB6464FC861C2D" author="Cunliffe" box="[659,824,1037,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" refString="Cunliffe, F. (1955) A proposed classification of the trombidiforme mites (Acarina). Entomological Society of Washington, 57 (5), 209 - 218." type="journal article" year="1955">Cunliffe, 1955</bibRefCitation>
: 213
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF32D7C1834FC6AFECD6464FBE81C2D" author="Krantz" box="[901,1110,1037,1060]" page="159" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1834FC6AFECD6464FBA41C2D" author="Krantz" box="[901,1050,1037,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" refString="Krantz, G. W. (1970) A manuel of acarology, 1 st ed. Corvallis, Oregon Book Stores. 335 pp." type="book" year="1970">Krantz, 1970</bibRefCitation>
: 159
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF32D7C1834FC6AF92F6464FA981C2D" author="Price" box="[1127,1318,1037,1060]" page="395" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1834FC6AF92F6464FB551C2D" author="Price" box="[1127,1259,1037,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" refString="Price, D. W. (1971) A new species of Pomerantzia Baker from California (Acarina: Pomerantziidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 73 (4), 394 - 398." type="journal article" year="1971">Price, 1971</bibRefCitation>
: 395
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF32D7C1834FC6AFC406459FE721C4E" author="Krantz" box="[264,460,1072,1095]" page="255" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1834FC6AFC406459FE291C4E" author="Krantz" box="[264,407,1072,1095]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" refString="Krantz, G. W. (1978) A Manual of Acarology, 2 nd ed. Oregon State University Bookstores, Corvallis, 509 pp." type="book" year="1978">Krantz, 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 255
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF32D7C1834FC6AFC9F6459FD1B1C4E" author="Kethley" box="[471,677,1072,1095]" page="126" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1834FC6AFC9F6459FDCE1C4E" author="Kethley" box="[471,624,1072,1095]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" refString="Kethley, J. (1982) Acariformes. In: Parker, S. P. (Ed) Synopsis and classification of living organisms, volume 2. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., pp. 117 - 145." type="journal article" year="1982">Kethley, 1982</bibRefCitation>
: 126
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="54E9B5CF1834FC6AFC70643AFED31C63" box="[312,365,1107,1130]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1834FC6AFCF7643AFCB71C63" authority="Baker, 1949: 269" authorityName="Baker" authorityPageNumber="269" authorityYear="1949" box="[447,777,1107,1130]" class="Arachnida" family="Pomerantziidae" genus="Pomerantzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFCF7643AFDF91C63" box="[447,583,1107,1130]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Pomerantzia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1834FC6AFF06643AFD6D1C63" author="Baker" box="[590,723,1107,1130]" pageId="1" pageNumber="21" refString="Baker, E. W. (1949) Pomerantziidae, a new family of prostigmatic mites. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 39 (8), 269 - 271." type="journal article" year="1949">
<collectingCountry id="F3454BFD1834FC6AFF06643AFD311C63" box="[590,655,1107,1130]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Baker</collectingCountry>
, 1949
</bibRefCitation>
: 269
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34858E61834FC6AFC4064F4FDB51CD7" box="[264,523,1181,1246]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1834FC6AFC4064F4FEC11CBF" blockId="1.[264,1324,1181,1900]" box="[264,383,1181,1206]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFC4064F4FEC11CBF" box="[264,383,1181,1206]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1834FC6AFC7064ACFDB51CD7" blockId="1.[264,1324,1181,1900]" box="[312,523,1221,1246]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFC7064ACFDB51CD7" box="[312,523,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">ADULT FEMALE</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34858E61834FC69FC706498FE951DE7" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1834FC6AFC706498FD121DF2" blockId="1.[264,1324,1181,1900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1834FC6AFC706498FE721D02" box="[312,460,1265,1291]" class="Secernentea" family="Gnathostomatidae" genus="Gnathosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="1" pageNumber="17" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Gnathosoma</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="136917E81834FC6AFC936498FDF51D02" box="[475,587,1265,1291]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="8.[264,368,1821,1845]" captionStartId-1="9.[264,367,1816,1840]" captionStartId-2="10.[264,368,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox-0="[275,1307,395,1798]" captionTargetBox-1="[275,1308,340,1747]" captionTargetBox-2="[281,1303,334,1540]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[275,1312,382,1802]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[275,1312,329,1749]" captionTargetId-2="figure@10.[275,1312,329,1552]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, dorsal view of idiosoma; B, dorsal view of gnathosoma; C, palp." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, ventral view of idiosoma; B, subcapitulum; C, genito­anal area; D, E, ovipositor." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, leg I; B, leg II; C, leg III; D, leg IV." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/169765/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/169766/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/169767/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
). Projecting in front of podosoma. Chelicerae (
<figureCitation id="136917E81834FC6AF9276498FB0E1D02" box="[1135,1200,1265,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[264,368,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[275,1307,395,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[275,1312,382,1802]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, dorsal view of idiosoma; B, dorsal view of gnathosoma; C, palp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169765/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B) basally separate, conical, each with a subterminal seta (
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFE746570FCD81D3B" box="[828,870,1305,1330]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">cha</emphasis>
); movable digit blade­like, fixed digit vestigial; with a pair of small peritremes at bases of chelicerae. Palps (
<figureCitation id="136917E81834FC6AF9736528FBC31D52" box="[1083,1149,1345,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[264,368,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[275,1307,395,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[275,1312,382,1802]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, dorsal view of idiosoma; B, dorsal view of gnathosoma; C, palp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169765/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C) stout, tibial claw prominent, accessory claw conical; terminal palptarsal eupathidia setiform; counts of setae and solenidia from coxa to tarsus: 1
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFFBF65F8FC961DA3" box="[759,808,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">elcp</emphasis>
, 0, 1, 1, 2 + 1 terminal claw + 1 accessory claw, 4 + 1 + 4 eupathidia. Subcapitulum (
<figureCitation id="136917E81834FC6AFE5465D0FCDA1DDA" box="[796,868,1465,1491]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[264,367,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[275,1308,340,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[275,1312,329,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, ventral view of idiosoma; B, subcapitulum; C, genito­anal area; D, E, ovipositor." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169766/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B) stumpy, with 2 pair of rostral setae and 1 pair of subcapitular setae (
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFFCE6588FD251DF3" box="[646,667,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">m</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1834FC69FC706664FE79198F" blockId="1.[264,1324,1181,1900]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Idiosoma (
<figureCitation id="136917E81834FC6AFCF36664FD8C1E2E" box="[443,562,1549,1575]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="8.[264,368,1821,1845]" captionStartId-1="9.[264,367,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox-0="[275,1307,395,1798]" captionTargetBox-1="[275,1308,340,1747]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[275,1312,382,1802]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[275,1312,329,1749]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, dorsal view of idiosoma; B, dorsal view of gnathosoma; C, palp." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, ventral view of idiosoma; B, subcapitulum; C, genito­anal area; D, E, ovipositor." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/169765/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/169766/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
). Narrow, elongate. Prodorsum (
<figureCitation id="136917E81834FC6AFE816664FBAF1E2E" box="[969,1041,1549,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[264,368,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[275,1307,395,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[275,1312,382,1802]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, dorsal view of idiosoma; B, dorsal view of gnathosoma; C, palp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169765/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A) with a large shield bearing 1 pair of vertical setae and 2 pairs of scapular setae. Trichobothria and eyes absent. Dorsal hysterosoma with 5 shields and 5 series of dorsal idiosomal setae:
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AF9306634FB3B1E7F" box="[1144,1157,1629,1654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">c</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AF9DD6634FB1A1E7F" box="[1173,1188,1629,1654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">d</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AF9FC6634FB7F1E7F" box="[1204,1217,1629,1654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">e</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AF9996634FB671E7F" box="[1233,1241,1629,1654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">f</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AF8546634FA951E7F" box="[1308,1323,1629,1654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">h</emphasis>
(pseudanal setae
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFC9A66ECFDAE1EAD" box="[466,528,1669,1701]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">ps13</emphasis>
are associated with the anal opening and often terminally located);
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFC4066DAFEAB1EC5" box="[264,277,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">c</emphasis>
­series with 2 pairs of setae;
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFF2C66DAFDCC1EC5" box="[612,626,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">d</emphasis>
­series and
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFFB066DAFCBB1EC5" box="[760,773,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">e</emphasis>
­series each with 1 pair of setae;
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AF9CD66DAFB331EC5" box="[1157,1165,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">f</emphasis>
­series and
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AF85A66DAFA9F1EC5" box="[1298,1313,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">h</emphasis>
­ series each with 2 pairs of setae. Ventral idiosoma (
<figureCitation id="136917E81834FC6AFEC566B3FC671EFD" box="[909,985,1754,1780]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[264,367,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[275,1308,340,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[275,1312,329,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, ventral view of idiosoma; B, subcapitulum; C, genito­anal area; D, E, ovipositor." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169766/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A): coxae II and III widely separate; ventral setae
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFF5D676AFD8C1F15" box="[533,562,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1a</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFF0A676AFDE11F15" box="[578,607,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">2a</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFF27676AFD331F15" box="[623,653,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">3a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B926D77F1834FC6AFF80676AFD5B1F15" box="[712,741,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">4a</emphasis>
present; with a pair of ventrolateral shields prior to coxae III, separate or fused with coxae III; ventral opisthosoma with a fused aggenital shield which bearing 24 pairs of aggenital setae; genital valves surrounded by aggenital shield, bearing 25 pairs of genital setae, genital opening longitudinal, with an ovipositor and 3 pairs of genital discs inside; anal valves apart from genital valves, bearing 3 pairs of pseudanal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC7061FDFC2D1A47" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Leg (
<figureCitation id="136917E81837FC69FC3F61FDFE7E19A7" box="[375,448,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[264,368,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[281,1303,334,1540]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[275,1312,329,1552]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pomerantzia subterranea sp. n. (adult female). A, leg I; B, leg II; C, leg III; D, leg IV." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169767/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Leg I and IV obviously longer than leg II and III; all tarsal claws stout and nude; empodium absent; counts of setae and solenidia on legs IIV: coxae (including
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FC40618DFE9B19F4" box="[264,293,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1a</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FC7D618DFEEC19F4" box="[309,338,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2a</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FC2A618DFEC119F4" box="[354,383,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">3a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FCF2618DFE6919F4" box="[442,471,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">4a</emphasis>
) 4 + 12 pegs, 4, 34, 34; trochanters 1, 1, 2, 1; basifemora 5, 4, 3, 3; telofemora 5, 5, 4, 5; genua 1012 + 1, 5, 5, 56; tibiae 12 + 3, 5 + 1, 5 + 1, 89 + 1; tarsi 1619 + 68, 1314 + 26 + 1, 11, 1112.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC706235FE591A7C" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" box="[312,487,604,629]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FC706235FE591A7C" box="[312,487,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ADULT MALE</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC7062EDFE0D1A97" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" box="[312,435,644,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC7062C5FE521ACC" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" box="[312,492,684,709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FC7062C5FE521ACC" box="[312,492,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">TRITONYMPH</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC7062BDFCE51B37" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Similar to adult female, but differs in: genital valves with 24 pairs of setae; aggenital valves with 3 pairs of setae; counts of setae and solenidia on genu I: 1011 + 1; tibia IV: 78 + 1; tarsi III: 1619 + 67, 1314 + 25.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC706325FE421B6C" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" box="[312,508,844,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FC706325FE421B6C" box="[312,508,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">DEUTONYMPH</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC70631DFE7D1C27" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Similar to adult female, but differs in: genital valves with 2 pairs of genital discs and 12 pairs of genital setae; aggenital valves with 2 pairs of setae; counts of setae and solenidia on coxae IIV: 4 + 1 peg, 4, 4, 2; basifemora IIV: 5, 3, 3, 1; telofemur IV: 4; genua I and IV: 8 + 1, 5; tibiae I and IV: 10 + 2, 67 + 1; tarsi I, II and IV: 17 + 56, 1314 + 2, 11.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC706429FE471C50" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" box="[312,505,1088,1113]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FC706429FE471C50" box="[312,505,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">PROTONYMPH</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC706405FB621CF7" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Similar to adult female, but differs in: genital valves with 1 pair of genital discs and 1 pair of genital setae; aggenital valves without setae; counts of setae and solenidia on coxae IIV:? + 1 peg,?, 3, 0; trochanter IV: 0; basifemora II and IV: 3, 0; telofemur IV: 0; genua I and IV: 7 + 1, 0; tibiae I and IV: 9 + 2, 2; tarsi I, II and IV: 17 + 5, 13 + 3, 8.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC706565FE331D2C" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" box="[312,397,1292,1317]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FC706565FE331D2C" box="[312,397,1292,1317]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">LARVA</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC70655DFE951DE7" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,1518]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Peritreme absent; rostrum with 1 pair of setae; with a pair of urstigmata between coxae I and II; without genital discs, genital and aggenital setae; leg IV absent; counts of setae and solenidia on legs IIII: coxae 2 + 1 peg, 1, 2; trochanters 0, 0, 1; basifemora 1, 1, 1; telofemur 5, 5, 4; genua 5 + 1, 5, 5; tibiae 8 + 2, 5 + 1, 5 + 1; tarsi 16 + 2, 12 + 2, 11.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34858E61837FC68FC40664DFBAE1C5F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC69FC40664DFED01E34" blockId="2.[264,1324,1572,1878]" box="[264,366,1572,1597]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B926D77F1837FC69FC40664DFED01E34" box="[264,366,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1837FC68FC706625FC971B37" blockId="2.[264,1324,1572,1878]" lastBlockId="3.[264,1325,284,1110]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
At first, the family was considered to be closely related to Raphignathidae­ Stigmaeidae­Caligonellidae complex and
<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1837FC69FFBF661DFBD81E87" authority="Baker 1949" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1949" box="[759,1126,1652,1678]" class="Arachnida" family="Pseudocheylidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Pseudocheylidae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1837FC69FE85661DFBE31E87" author="Baker" box="[973,1117,1652,1678]" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" refString="Baker, E. W. (1949) Pomerantziidae, a new family of prostigmatic mites. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 39 (8), 269 - 271." type="journal article" year="1949">
<collectingCountry id="F3454BFD1837FC69FE85661DFBAB1E87" box="[973,1045,1652,1678]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Baker</collectingCountry>
1949
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1837FC69F93A661DFA951E87" author="Cunliffe" box="[1138,1323,1652,1678]" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" refString="Cunliffe, F. (1955) A proposed classification of the trombidiforme mites (Acarina). Entomological Society of Washington, 57 (5), 209 - 218." type="journal article" year="1955">Cunliffe (1955)</bibRefCitation>
listed the family in the superfamily Raphignathoidea, but mentioned that it might belong elsewhere. Having noticed the unusual characters of having genital suckers, numerous solenidia on tarsus I and lacking tarsal a pulvillus,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1837FC69FE9F6685FB121F0F" author="Southcott" box="[983,1196,1772,1798]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" refString="Southcott, R. V. (1957) Description of a new Australian raphignathoid mite, with remarks on the classification of the Trombidiformes (Acarina). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 81 (3), 306 - 312." type="journal article" year="1957">Southcott (1957)</bibRefCitation>
excluded
<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1837FC69FC40677DFE001F27" box="[264,446,1812,1838]" class="Arachnida" family="Pomerantziidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pomerantziidae</taxonomicName>
from Raphignathoidea. In his key to families of Raphignathoidea,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1837FC69FC406755FE6C1F5F" author="Summers" box="[264,466,1852,1878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" refString="Summers, F. M. (1966) Key to families of the Raphignathoidea (Acarina). Acarologia, 8 (2), 227 - 229." type="journal article" year="1966">Summers (1966)</bibRefCitation>
also omitted it from the superfamily. Although
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1837FC69F97A6755FB681F5F" author="Krantz" box="[1074,1238,1852,1878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" refString="Krantz, G. W. (1970) A manuel of acarology, 1 st ed. Corvallis, Oregon Book Stores. 335 pp." type="book" year="1970">Krantz (1970</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1837FC69F9A06755FA9A1F5F" author="Krantz" box="[1256,1316,1852,1878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" refString="Krantz, G. W. (1978) A Manual of Acarology, 2 nd ed. Oregon State University Bookstores, Corvallis, 509 pp." type="book" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
) included
<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1836FC68FCC96175FD86193F" box="[385,568,284,310]" class="Arachnida" family="Pomerantziidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pomerantziidae</taxonomicName>
in the Raphignathoidea in his authoritative books most acarologists have not followed his opinion. Presently, it is retained in its own superfamily Pomerantzioidea
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1836FC68FC9C6105FD2C198F" author="Wainstein" box="[468,658,364,390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" refString="Wainstein, B. A. (1965) On the system of Hydrachnellae and their position in the suborder Trombidiformes. Trudy Instituta Biologii Vodokhranilishch, 11, 66 - 83." type="journal article" year="1965">Wainstein, 1965</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1836FC68FFE86105FCFD198F" author="Kethley" box="[672,835,364,390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="21" refString="Kethley, J. (1982) Acariformes. In: Parker, S. P. (Ed) Synopsis and classification of living organisms, volume 2. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., pp. 117 - 145." type="journal article" year="1982">Kethley 1982</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1836FC68FE076105FC30198F" author="Kethley" box="[847,910,364,390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="21" refString="Kethley, J. (1990) Acarina: Prostigmata (Actinedida). In: Dindal, D. L. (Ed.) Soil Biology Guide. New York, Wiley. pp. 667 - 756." type="book chapter" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
). The phylogenetic relationships of Pomerantzioidea are yet clearly resolved. However, the cladograms proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3769C1836FC68F9F361FDFEC219DF" pageId="3" pageNumber="21" refString="Norton, R. A., Kethley, J. B., Johnston, D. E. &amp; OConnor, B. M. (1993) Phylogenetic perspectives on genetic systems and reproductive modes of mites. In: Wrensch, D. L. &amp; Ebbert, M. A. (Eds.) Evolution and diversity of sex ratio in insects and mites. Chapman &amp; Hall, New York, pp. 8 - 99." type="book chapter">
Norton
<emphasis id="B926D77F1836FC68F85D61FDFEA019DC" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">et al</emphasis>
. (1993)
</bibRefCitation>
provided a reasonable hypothesis for the position of Pomerantzioidea within the Prostigmata. The clade Eleutherengona is strongly supported by the lack of a naso. Members of Pomerantzioidea have the following ancestral characters: (1) cheliceral setae present, (2) leg femora subdivided, (3) larval instar having urstigmata between coxae I and II, (4) postlarval instars with genital papillae, and (5) adults with eugenital setae, which are shared by
<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1836FC68FCC762EDFD941A97" box="[399,554,644,670]" class="Arachnida" family="Paratydeidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Paratydeidae</taxonomicName>
, Stigmocheylidae,
<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1836FC68FE5F62EDFC621A97" box="[791,988,644,670]" class="Arachnida" family="Pseudocheylidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudocheylidae</taxonomicName>
and some Heterostigmata. Members of Pomerantzioidea and (((Tetranychoidea and Cheyletoidea) Raphignathoidea) Pterygosomatoidea) share the following derived characters: (1) prodorsum without trichobothria, (2) opisthosoma of larval and postlarval instars with five segements (
<emphasis id="B926D77F1836FC68F9A26295FB431B1C" box="[1258,1277,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1836FC68F8466295FA9D1B1C" box="[1294,1315,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1836FC68FC40634DFEA41B34" box="[264,282,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B926D77F1836FC68FC61634DFE851B34" box="[297,315,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">F</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B926D77F1836FC68FC3C634DFE2B1B34" box="[372,405,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">PS</emphasis>
), (3) legs without bothridial setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1836FC68FC706325FE4E1C0F" blockId="3.[264,1325,284,1110]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Several characters indicate that mites in
<taxonomicName id="4C5270EE1836FC68FE2E6325FBA21B6F" box="[870,1052,844,870]" class="Arachnida" family="Pomerantziidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pomerantziidae</taxonomicName>
are adapted to the underground soil habitat. The stout claws, missing empodia and greatly enlarged legs I are suitable for digging. The elongate cylindrical­shaped body allows easy movement through the soil. The enlarged ventral setae on tibiae and tarsi IIIV provide support points for forward movement.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED0B6D1836FC68FC70647DFBAE1C5F" blockId="3.[264,1325,284,1110]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Characters for separating stages and species are listed in
<tableCitation id="C6D03ED61836FC68FE90647DFB901C27" box="[984,1070,1044,1070]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[264,361,283,309]" captionTargetBox="[264,1250,470,1856]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative characters for separating stages of Pomerantziidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D5BE51830FC6EFC406172FB3F193F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="DF2D5BE51830FC6EFC406172FB3F193F">Table 1</tableCitation>
and
<tableCitation id="C6D03ED61836FC68F921647DFB7A1C27" box="[1129,1220,1044,1070]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[264,361,283,309]" captionTargetBox="[264,1305,385,591]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparative characters for separating species of Pomerantziidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2D5BE51833FC6DFC406172FB30193F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="DF2D5BE51833FC6DFC406172FB30193F">Table 2</tableCitation>
. Keys to stages of the family and to genera and species are provided below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>