295 lines
31 KiB
XML
295 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0179555" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ea2cc5c-857b-4b47-8135-8bff7efbd1fc" ID-PMC="PMC5526618" ID-PubMed="28742835" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4251352" approvedBy="poa" checkinTime="1604676189431" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Voon-Ching Lim, Rosli Ramli, Subha Bhassu & John-James Wilson" docDate="2017" docId="03F3F77FFFACFFB0FDB4D0BDBCC1FB8A" docLanguage="en" docName="PLoSOne.12.7.e0179555.pdf.imf" docOrigin="PLoS ONE 12 (7)" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Tylonycteris robustula Thomas 1915" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FFCA8F07FF9EFF82FF81D072BF4BFFA2" masterDocTitle="A checklist of the bats of Peninsular Malaysia and progress towards a DNA barcode reference library" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1668143238971" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A checklist of the bats of Peninsular Malaysia and progress towards a DNA barcode reference library</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Voon-Ching Lim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">voonchinglim@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rosli Ramli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Subha Bhassu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>John-James Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>International College Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wilso04@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PLoS ONE</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2017-07-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>7</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>65</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1371/journal.pone.0179555</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6ea2cc5c-857b-4b47-8135-8bff7efbd1fc</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PMC">PMC5526618</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PubMed">28742835</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4251352</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4343747" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168816078" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4343747" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F77FFFACFFB0FDB4D0BDBCC1FB8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F3F77FFFACFFB0FDB4D0BDBCC1FB8A" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection box="[565,962,207,232]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" box="[565,962,207,232]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<heading bold="true" box="[565,962,207,232]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="6">
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1915" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[565,962,207,232]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,807,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Tylonycteris robustula</emphasis>
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Thomas, 1915
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1915: 227" authorityName="Thomas" authorityPageNumber="227" authorityYear="1915" box="[565,1003,242,266]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">
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<emphasis box="[565,795,242,266]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Tylonycteris robustula</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2960680386" box="[801,1003,242,266]" collectionCode="BM" collectorName="Cecil J. Brooks" country="Malaysia" location="Upper" municipality="Borneo" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sarawak">Thomas, 1915: 227</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F77FFFACFFB0FDB4D0BDBCC1FB8A:8E8510B2FFACFFB0FC74D080BB72FEA8" box="[1013,1081,242,266]" country="Malaysia" municipality="Borneo" name="Upper" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Sarawak">Upper</location>
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<collectingRegion box="[1087,1178,242,266]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[1188,1268,242,266]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Borneo</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1278,1409,242,266]" name="Malaysia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectorName pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cecil J. Brooks</collectorName>
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, collector; BM(NH) 1911.1.18.8) [
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<bibRefCitation author="Thomas O. On" box="[971,1009,277,301]" journalOrPublisher="Annals Mag Nat Hist." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="225 - 232" part="15" refId="ref46566" refString="211. Thomas O. On Bats of the genera Nyctalus, Tylonycteris and Pipistrellus. Annals Mag Nat Hist. 1915; 15: 225 - 232." title="Bats of the genera Nyctalus, Tylonycteris and Pipistrellus" type="journal article" year="1915">211</bibRefCitation>
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].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName authority="Chasen, 1940: 52" authorityName="Chasen" authorityPageNumber="52" authorityYear="1940" box="[565,987,311,336]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Kerivoula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">
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<emphasis box="[565,800,311,335]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Tylonycteris malayana</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2960680456" box="[807,987,312,336]" collectionCode="BM" collectorName="Frederick N. Chasen" country="Malaysia" location="Jor" municipality="Batang Padang Dist." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Perak">Chasen, 1940: 52</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F77FFFACFFB0FDB4D0BDBCC1FB8A:8E8510B2FFACFFB0FC67D14ABB43FEF2" box="[998,1032,312,336]" country="Malaysia" municipality="Batang Padang Dist." name="Jor" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" stateProvince="Perak">Jor</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[1042,1259,312,336]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Batang Padang Dist.</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[1269,1332,312,336]" country="Malaysia" name="Perak" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Perak</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1341,1472,312,336]" name="Malaysia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectorName box="[540,763,346,370]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Frederick N. Chasen</collectorName>
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, collector; BM(NH) 47.1433) [
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<bibRefCitation author="Chasen FN" box="[1086,1099,346,370]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Raffles Museum" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref38037" refString="8. Chasen FN. A handlist of Malaysian mammals (A systematic list of the mammals of the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and Java, including the adjacent small islands). Bulletin of the Raffles Museum; 1940." title="A handlist of Malaysian mammals (A systematic list of the mammals of the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and Java, including the adjacent small islands)" type="book" year="1940">8</bibRefCitation>
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].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" box="[565,961,381,405]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName authority="malayana" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[565,904,381,405]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">
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<emphasis box="[565,904,381,405]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Tylonycteris robustula malayana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<bibRefCitation author="Simmons NB" box="[921,946,381,405]" editor="Wilson DE & Reeder DM" journalOrPublisher="Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="312 - 529" refId="ref42036" refString="98. Simmons NB. Order chiroptera. In: Wilson DE, Reeder DM, editors. Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore; 2005. pp. 312 - 529." title="Order chiroptera" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference" year="2005">98</bibRefCitation>
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].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[565,1057,416,440]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" box="[565,1057,416,440]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,834,416,440]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Common English name:</emphasis>
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Greater Bamboo Bat
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,832,450,474]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Barcode Index Number:</emphasis>
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DNA barcodes recorded as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[1130,1255,450,474]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">
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<emphasis box="[1130,1146,450,473]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1157,1255,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">robustula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are associated with three BINs,
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<collectionCode box="[599,670,485,509]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BOLD</collectionCode>
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:AAB3205,
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<collectionCode box="[789,859,485,509]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BOLD</collectionCode>
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:AAB3206 and
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<collectionCode box="[1019,1091,485,509]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BOLD</collectionCode>
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:
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<collectionCode box="[1094,1150,485,509]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">AAC</collectionCode>
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1210, but there are no DNA barcodes from Peninsular
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<collectingCountry box="[778,872,520,544]" name="Malaysia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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(S9 Fig).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" box="[565,870,554,578]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,710,554,578]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">IUCN status:</emphasis>
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Least Concern
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,669,589,613]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks:</emphasis>
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The BIN, BOLD:AAC1210 contains a single DNA barcode of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[1328,1454,589,613]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">
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<emphasis box="[1328,1344,589,612]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1356,1454,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">robustula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ABBSI217-10) and seven DNA barcodes of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1840" box="[1003,1127,623,648]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachypus">
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<emphasis box="[1003,1019,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1031,1127,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">pachypus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. We suspect the DNA barcode, ABBSI217-10 is a case of mis-identification as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1840" box="[1024,1147,658,682]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachypus">
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<emphasis box="[1024,1040,658,681]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1051,1147,658,682]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">pachypus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[1199,1325,658,682]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">
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<emphasis box="[1199,1215,658,681]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1227,1325,658,682]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">robustula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are differ in body size and coloration. Simmons [
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<bibRefCitation author="Simmons NB" box="[862,887,693,717]" editor="Wilson DE & Reeder DM" journalOrPublisher="Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="312 - 529" refId="ref42036" refString="98. Simmons NB. Order chiroptera. In: Wilson DE, Reeder DM, editors. Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore; 2005. pp. 312 - 529." title="Order chiroptera" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference" year="2005">98</bibRefCitation>
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] recognised two subspecies under
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[1256,1382,693,717]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">
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<emphasis box="[1256,1272,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1284,1382,693,717]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">robustula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="robustula">
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<emphasis box="[1394,1410,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1422,1432,694,717]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">r</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">robustula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus box="[588,635,728,752]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
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locality: Borneo) and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[869,1021,727,752]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Kerivoula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="papillosa" subSpecies="malayana">
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<emphasis box="[869,885,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[896,906,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">r</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[918,1021,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">malayana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus box="[1035,1082,728,752]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
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locality: Peninsular
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<collectingCountry box="[1297,1396,728,752]" name="Malaysia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,794,762,786]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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Recorded at:
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<collectingRegion box="[711,794,762,786]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pahang</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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: Krau Wildlife Reserve [
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<bibRefCitation author="Kingston T & Lim BL & Akbar Z." box="[1054,1079,762,786]" journalOrPublisher="Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref38130" refString="11. Kingston T, Lim BL, Akbar Z. Bats of Krau wildlife reserve. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 2006." title="Bats of Krau wildlife reserve" type="book" year="2006">11</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Zubaid A." box="[1092,1117,762,786]" journalOrPublisher="Mammalia." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="201 - 206" part="57" refId="ref39530" refString="41. Zubaid A. A comparison of the bat fauna between a primary and fragmented secondary forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Mammalia. 1993; 57 (2): 201 - 206." title="A comparison of the bat fauna between a primary and fragmented secondary forest in Peninsular Malaysia" type="journal article" year="1993">41</bibRefCitation>
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], Tasik Chini [
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<bibRefCitation author="Lim BL & Hussein NA & Ratnam L." box="[1277,1302,762,786]" journalOrPublisher="Mal Nat J." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="217 - 238" part="53" refId="ref39610" refString="43. Lim BL, Hussein NA, Ratnam L. A study of the vertebrate fauna in the Tasek Chini Nature Reserve, Pahang in relation to land use. Mal Nat J. 1999; 53 (3): 217 - 238." title="A study of the vertebrate fauna in the Tasek Chini Nature Reserve, Pahang in relation to land use" type="journal article" year="1999">43</bibRefCitation>
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], Tasik Bera Forest Reserve and Fraser Hill Forest Reserve [
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<bibRefCitation author="Mohd-Hanif RM & Nur-Aida MT & Zahirunisa AR & Mohd-Ridwan AR & Abdullah MT" box="[955,980,797,821]" journalOrPublisher="J Trop For Sci." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="506 - 16" part="27" refId="ref40227" refString="56. Mohd-Hanif RM, Nur-Aida MT, Zahirunisa AR, Mohd-Ridwan AR, Abdullah MT. Contribution of regenerated forest in conservation of bats in Peninsular Malaysia. J Trop For Sci. 2015; 27 (4): 506 - 16." title="Contribution of regenerated forest in conservation of bats in Peninsular Malaysia" type="journal article" year="2015">56</bibRefCitation>
|
|
];
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1002,1099,797,821]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<collectingRegion box="[1002,1099,797,821]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Selangor</collectingRegion>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
: Ulu Gombak [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Medway L." box="[1264,1289,797,821]" journalOrPublisher="London: Oxford University Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref38724" refString="23. Medway L. The wild mammals of Malaya. London: Oxford University Press. 1969." title="The wild mammals of Malaya" type="book" year="1969">23</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Medway L. The" box="[1302,1327,797,821]" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Scientist." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 6" part="2" refId="ref40073" refString="52. Medway L. The Ulu Gombak Field Studies Centre. Malayan Scientist. 1966; 2: 1 - 6." title="Ulu Gombak Field Studies Centre" type="journal article" year="1966">52</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Heller KG & Volleth M." box="[1339,1364,797,821]" journalOrPublisher="J Zoolog Syst Evol Res." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="65 - 77" part="22" refId="ref40096" refString="53. Heller KG, Volleth M. Taxonomic position of " Pipistrellus societatis " Hill, 1972 and the karyological characteristics of the genus Eptesicus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). J Zoolog Syst Evol Res. 1984; 22 (1): 65 - 77." title="Taxonomic position of " Pipistrellus societatis " Hill, 1972 and the karyological characteristics of the genus Eptesicus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)" type="journal article" year="1984">53</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Heller KG & Volleth MA" box="[1376,1401,797,821]" journalOrPublisher="Beobachtungen zur Biologie, Morphologie und Taxonomie. Senckenb Biol." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="243 - 76" part="69" refId="ref40145" refString="54. Heller KG, Volleth MA. Fledermause aus Malaysia. 1. Beobachtungen zur Biologie, Morphologie und Taxonomie. Senckenb Biol. 1989; 69 (4 - 6): 243 - 76." title="Fledermause aus Malaysia" type="journal article" year="1989">54</bibRefCitation>
|
|
], Bukit Lanjan [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ratnam L & Anan S & Muda H." box="[581,606,832,856]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Wildlife and Parks" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="9 - 16" part="8" refId="ref39498" refString="40. Ratnam L, Anan S, Muda H. Studies on a Collection of Bats. Journal of Wildlife and Parks, 1989; 8: 9 - 16." title="Studies on a Collection of Bats" type="journal article" year="1989">40</bibRefCitation>
|
|
], Bukit Kutu Wildlife Reserve [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lim BL & Majid RA & Norsham Y." box="[940,965,832,856]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Wildlife and Parks." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 6" part="17" refId="ref40034" refString="51. Lim BL, Majid RA, Norsham Y. Studies on the mammal fauna of Bukit Kutu Wildlife reserve, Hulu Selangor. Journal of Wildlife and Parks. 1999; 17: 1 - 6." title="Studies on the mammal fauna of Bukit Kutu Wildlife reserve, Hulu Selangor" type="journal article" year="1999">51</bibRefCitation>
|
|
], Air Hitam Forest Reserve [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Azlan JM & Sharma RS & Zakaria M." box="[1272,1297,832,856]" journalOrPublisher="Mal Nat J." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="69 - 75" part="54" refId="ref40183" refString="55. Azlan JM, Sharma RS, Zakaria M. Species diversity and relative abundance of understorey bats at Air Hitam forest reserve, Selangor, Malaysia. Mal Nat J. 2000; 54 (1): 69 - 75." title="Species diversity and relative abundance of understorey bats at Air Hitam forest reserve, Selangor, Malaysia" type="journal article" year="2000">55</bibRefCitation>
|
|
], Semangkok Forest Reserve [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Joann CL & Fletcher C & Rahman KA" box="[630,668,866,890]" journalOrPublisher="J Trop For Sci." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="118 - 130" part="25" refId="ref42155" refString="101. Joann CL, Fletcher C, Rahman KA. Spatial effects of virgin jungle reserves (VJR) on the community of insectivorous bats in Peninsular Malaysia. J Trop For Sci. 2013; 25 (1): 118 - 130." title="Spatial effects of virgin jungle reserves (VJR) on the community of insectivorous bats in Peninsular Malaysia" type="journal article" year="2013">101</bibRefCitation>
|
|
];
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[689,753,866,890]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<collectingRegion box="[689,753,866,890]" country="Malaysia" name="Perak" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Perak</collectingRegion>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
: Temengor Forest Reserve [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Francis CM" box="[1052,1077,866,890]" journalOrPublisher="Mal Nat J." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="403 - 408" part="48" refId="ref39732" refString="46. Francis CM. The diversity of bats in Temengor Forest Reserve, Hulu Perak, Malaysia. Mal Nat J. 1995; 48: 403 - 408." title="The diversity of bats in Temengor Forest Reserve, Hulu Perak, Malaysia" type="journal article" year="1995">46</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Shahfiz MA & Shahrul-Anuar MA & Kaviarasu M & Fauzi MZ & Rizal MR" box="[1089,1114,866,890]" editor="Mohamed AL & Krishnapillay DB & Kasim Z & Khushairi ZA & Ismail NI & Rezan EFN & Sadali A & Mohammad MS & Hassan MN & Aznan ARY" journalOrPublisher="Pulau Banding Foundation, Malaysia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="22 - 25" part="2012" refId="ref39763" refString="47. Shahfiz MA, Shahrul-Anuar MA, Kaviarasu M, Fauzi MZ, Rizal MR. Preliminary checklist of mammals at Sungai Enam in Temengor Forest Reserve, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia In: Mohamed AL, Krishnapillay DB, Kasim Z, Khushairi ZA, Ismail NI, Rezan EFN, Sadali A, Mohammad MS, Hassan MN, Aznan ARY, editors. Proceedings of the 2 nd Temengor Scientific Expedition 2012, 22 - 25 August 2013. Pulau Banding Foundation, Malaysia; 2013." title="Preliminary checklist of mammals at Sungai Enam in Temengor Forest Reserve, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Proceedings of the 2 nd Temengor Scientific Expedition" year="2013">47</bibRefCitation>
|
|
], Royal Belum State Park [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Shahfiz MA & Sahrul-Anuar MS & Zalipah MN & Nurul-Ain E & Pan KA & Muin MA" box="[1399,1424,866,890]" editor="Rahman A & Koh HL & Mohd-Paiz K & Muhamad A & Latiff A" journalOrPublisher="Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Malaysia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="299 - 308" refId="ref40759" refString="66. Shahfiz MA, Sahrul-Anuar MS, Zalipah MN, Nurul-Ain E, Pan KA, Muin MA, et al. Surveys of small mammals at selected sites in Royal Belum State Park. In: Rahman A, Koh HL, Mohd-Paiz K, Muhamad A, Latiff A, editors). Proceedings for Forestry Department of Peninsular Malaysia, 3 - 5 August 2008. Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Malaysia; 2008. pp. 299 - 308." title="Surveys of small mammals at selected sites in Royal Belum State Park" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Proceedings for Forestry Department of Peninsular Malaysia" year="2008">66</bibRefCitation>
|
|
];
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1517,866,890]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<collectingRegion box="[1445,1517,866,890]" country="Malaysia" name="Kedah" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kedah</collectingRegion>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
: Ulu Muda Forest Reserve [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Norsham Y & Shariff F & Norhayati A & Nordin M & Lim BL" box="[818,843,901,925]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Wildlife and Parks." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="28 - 43" part="17" refId="ref40272" refString="57. Norsham Y, Shariff F, Norhayati A, Nordin M, Lim BL. Pre-logging survey of mammal fauna at Sungai Weng sub-catchment, Ulu Muda Forest Reserve Forest Reserve, Kedah. Journal of Wildlife and Parks. 1999; 17: 28 - 43." title="Pre-logging survey of mammal fauna at Sungai Weng sub-catchment, Ulu Muda Forest Reserve Forest Reserve, Kedah" type="journal article" year="1999">57</bibRefCitation>
|
|
];
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[864,965,901,925]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<collectingRegion box="[864,965,901,925]" country="Malaysia" name="Kelantan" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Kelantan</collectingRegion>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
: Gunung Reng [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jayaraj VK & Khan FA & Azhar I & WeeChen E & Ali MR & Ahmad A" box="[1142,1167,901,925]" journalOrPublisher="Warasan Songkhla Nakharin." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="213 - 20" part="38" refId="ref40570" refString="62. Jayaraj VK, Khan FA, Azhar I, WeeChen E, Ali MR, Ahmad A, et al. Diversity and conservation status of small mammals in Kelantan, Malaysia. Warasan Songkhla Nakharin. 2016; 38 (2): 213 - 20." title="Diversity and conservation status of small mammals in Kelantan, Malaysia" type="journal article" year="2016">62</bibRefCitation>
|
|
], Gunung Stong State Park, [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jayaraj VK & Tahir NF & Udin NA & Baharin NF & Ismail SK & Zakaria SN" box="[1478,1503,901,925]" journalOrPublisher="J Threat Taxa." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="2617 - 2628" part="4" refId="ref40846" refString="67. Jayaraj VK, Tahir NF, Udin NA, Baharin NF, Ismail SK, Zakaria SN. Species diversity of small mammals at Gunung Stong State Park, Kelantan, Malaysia. J Threat Taxa. 2012; 4 (6): 2617 - 2628." title="Species diversity of small mammals at Gunung Stong State Park, Kelantan, Malaysia" type="journal article" year="2012">67</bibRefCitation>
|
|
].
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="50.[533,1536,207,1064]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[565,691,935,960]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustula">
|
|
<emphasis box="[565,581,936,959]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">T</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[593,691,935,959]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">robustula</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
roosts in internodes of large, often dead bamboo stems by entering the internodes through slits made by chrysomelid beetles and has been reported roosting in small harem groups, with one adult male and up to six females in one group [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kingston T & Lim BL & Akbar Z." box="[1288,1313,1005,1029]" journalOrPublisher="Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref38130" refString="11. Kingston T, Lim BL, Akbar Z. Bats of Krau wildlife reserve. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 2006." title="Bats of Krau wildlife reserve" type="book" year="2006">11</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Francis CM" box="[1326,1351,1005,1029]" journalOrPublisher="New Holland Publishers" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref38235" refString="14. Francis CM. A field guide to the mammals of South-East Asia. New Holland Publishers; 2008." title="A field guide to the mammals of South-East Asia" type="book" year="2008">14</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Medway L." box="[1363,1388,1005,1029]" journalOrPublisher="London: Oxford University Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref38724" refString="23. Medway L. The wild mammals of Malaya. London: Oxford University Press. 1969." title="The wild mammals of Malaya" type="book" year="1969">23</bibRefCitation>
|
|
]. Solitary males have also been reported [
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Medway L." box="[865,890,1040,1064]" journalOrPublisher="London: Oxford University Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref38724" refString="23. Medway L. The wild mammals of Malaya. London: Oxford University Press. 1969." title="The wild mammals of Malaya" type="book" year="1969">23</bibRefCitation>
|
|
].
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |