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<document id="886D338B99F4E718585DB445B31107B7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5505.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13745912" ID-ZooBank="93F5E9F6-9EDC-4ED2-8F2B-1E6D0C18F893" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1726052234810" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jałoszyński, Paweł" docDate="2024" docId="03E7FF50FFA25053FF23FD8AFDBA433E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5505.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5505 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5505.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Clepsydraphes Jałoszyński, 2024, gen. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="84" masterDocId="FFDE8728FFF05000FFB4FFCCFFC54473" masterDocTitle="The ‘ curse of Horaeomorphus’ (almost) lifted. Revision of misplaced species from Madagascar, Comoros and Mascarenes (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="83" updateTime="1726053143081" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2AF7FA291F60608B0FDA9C81EACED5F3">The ‘ curse of Horaeomorphus’ (almost) lifted. Revision of misplaced species from Madagascar, Comoros and Mascarenes (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F78DF1E42CA78C31C77ABABD54BAF83C">Jałoszyński, Paweł</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="8F7D982A854F6E00D2F0E378C563AC34">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E96DFDD2D6C4E51935F7A30FAF96F4E9">2024-09-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="456EE0FFD883DCFCE579257FBEB77427">5505</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="181082B12FC9EE8D6D9D418F5EF8BD87">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="447006832585BB06FE2243B01F1E13FB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5505.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="681A921106146C1CC924D2231DE5AEAD" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E7FF50FFA25053FF23FD8AFDBA433E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13746117" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E7FF50FFA25053FF23FD8AFDBA433E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E7FF50FFA25053FF23FD8AFDBA433E" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<subSubSection id="C3541DCDFFA25052FF23FD8AFE644612" box="[151,417,582,609]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA25052FF23FD8AFE644612" blockId="82.[151,417,582,609]" box="[151,417,582,609]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="D0B9F92AFFA25052FF23FD8AFE644612" bold="true" box="[151,417,582,609]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FF23FD8AFE644612" bold="true" box="[151,417,582,609]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA25052FF23FD8AFE824612" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,327,582,609]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FF23FD8AFE824612" bold="true" box="[151,327,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2092F2FFFA25052FEFBFD8BFE644612" box="[335,417,583,609]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3541DCDFFA25052FF23FD40FCA046D0" box="[151,869,651,676]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA25052FF23FD40FCA046D0" blockId="82.[151,869,651,676]" box="[151,869,651,676]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<typeStatus id="54F5F0E4FFA25052FF23FD40FF0C46D7" box="[151,201,652,676]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA25052FE92FD40FD6C46D0" authority="Franz, 1986 b: 244" authorityName="Franz" authorityPageNumber="244" authorityYear="1986" box="[294,681,651,675]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Euconnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidulus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FE92FD40FE2F46D0" box="[294,490,651,675]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Euconnus nitidulus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF33B7FFA25052FE44FD40FD6C46D0" author="Franz, H." box="[496,681,651,675]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 393" refId="ref53526" refString="Franz, H. (1986 b) Monographie der Scydmaeniden (Coleoptera) von Madagaskar (mitAusschluss der Cephenniini). Denkschriften der Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, 125, 1 - 393." type="journal article" year="1986">Franz, 1986b: 244</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(here designated).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3541DCDFFA25052FF23FD1DFD0B4107" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA25052FF23FD1DFD0B4107" blockId="82.[151,1437,721,2008]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FF23FD1DFED74698" bold="true" box="[151,274,721,747]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FED5FD1DFE054698" box="[353,448,721,747]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 312</figureCitation>
) with distinct constriction between head and pronotum and between pronotum and elytra; thick bristles present on genae and outer regions of hypomera (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FCF9FD39FC6A4763" box="[845,943,757,784]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 315</figureCitation>
); head (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FBB0FD39FB644763" box="[1028,1185,757,784]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Figs 313–315</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FB1FFD39FACB477C" box="[1195,1294,757,783]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">321–322</figureCitation>
) round, with eyes situated closer to mandibular bases and antennal fossae than to occipital constriction; antennal fossae separated at middle by distance subequal to width of scape (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FD58FCF1FC974724" box="[748,850,829,855]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 313</figureCitation>
); antenna (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FC61FCF1FBFC4724" box="[981,1081,829,855]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 316</figureCitation>
) gradually thickening distally; frontoclypeal groove lacking; posterior margin of vertex (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FCF5FCADFC604708" box="[833,933,865,891]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 313</figureCitation>
) rounded and not bulging posterodorsally; submental region (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FED8FC49FE1547EC" box="[364,464,901,927]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FE6AFC4AFDCE47EC" box="[478,523,902,927]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">smn</emphasis>
) demarcated laterally by hypostomal sutures (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FBA9FC49FB4447EC" box="[1053,1153,901,927]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FB3BFC49FB6D47EC" box="[1167,1192,901,927]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">hs</emphasis>
) strongly converging posteriorly, area between sutures subtrapezoidal; hypostomal ridges (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FC01FC65FBDF47B0" box="[949,1050,937,963]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FB9EFC65FB8647B0" box="[1066,1091,937,963]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">hr</emphasis>
) extending posteromesad and connecting to hypostomal sutures at level of posterior tentorial pits; pronotum (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FBA1FC01FBB04794" box="[1045,1141,973,999]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 321</figureCitation>
) oval, broadest in front of middle, lacking antebasal pits, grooves, impressions, and without lateral and sublateral carinae; prosternum (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FADBFC3DFF06405C" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
) with precoxal (= basisternal) region vestigial, much shorter than procoxal rests, prosternal process lacking; notosternal sutures (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FECBFBF5FE264020" box="[383,483,1081,1107]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FE45FBF6FDD04020" box="[497,533,1082,1107]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">nss</emphasis>
) complete; procoxal cavity closed by postcoxal prosternal lobe overlapped by (but not fused with) postcoxal mesal lobe of hypomeron; hypomeral ridges lacking; mesoventral intercoxal process (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FF2BFB4DFEC440E8" box="[159,257,1153,1179]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 323</figureCitation>
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FEBFFB4EFE8040E8" box="[267,325,1154,1179]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">msvp</emphasis>
) elongate subtriangular, weakly elevated and posteriorly reducing in height, reaching middle of mesocoxal rests and not separating mesocoxae; metaventrite lacking anterior metaventral process; metaventral intermetacoxal process (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FE1DFB05FDCF4090" box="[425,522,1225,1251]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 323</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FDA2FB06FD894090" box="[534,588,1226,1251]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">mtvp</emphasis>
) short and subtriangular, divided into lateral halves by deep median fissure and not separating metacoxae; each elytron (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FD3BFB21FD2A4174" box="[655,751,1261,1287]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 321</figureCitation>
) lacking any traces of basal foveae; mesoscutellar shield not exposed between elytral bases (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FDB3FADDFDA84158" box="[519,621,1297,1323]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 321</figureCitation>
); aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FD49FADDFC584158" box="[765,925,1297,1323]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Figs 317–320</figureCitation>
) with symmetrical median lobe and weakly sclerotized endophallus, with sclerotized ventral apical wall delimited from proximal area of median lobe by membrane, aedeagus with free, slender parameres.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3541DCDFFA25053FF73FAB1FAB4417E" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA25052FF73FAB1FD3041C8" blockId="82.[151,1437,721,2008]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FF73FAB1FE9C41E4" bold="true" box="[199,345,1405,1431]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Description.</emphasis>
Body form (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FE5FFAB1FD8841E4" box="[491,589,1405,1431]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 312</figureCitation>
) elongate and slender, strongly convex, with distinct constrictions between head and pronotum and between pronotum and elytra.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA25052FF73FA09FCAA428C" blockId="82.[151,1437,721,2008]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
Head (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FEA4FA09FE694193" box="[272,428,1477,1504]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Figs 313–315</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FE02FA09FDDC41AC" box="[438,537,1477,1503]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">321–322</figureCitation>
) rounded; compound eyes situated much closer to mandibular bases and antennal fossae than to occipital constriction, each with posterior emargination (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FC73FA25FBEE4277" box="[967,1067,1513,1540]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 315</figureCitation>
); tempora rounded; vertex (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FADEFA25FF3E425B" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Figs 314–315</figureCitation>
) not bulging posterodorsally, confluent with frons, its posterior margin rounded. Bristles present on genae (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FF2BF9FDFECC423F" box="[159,265,1585,1612]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Figs 315</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FEA3F9FDFE804238" box="[279,325,1585,1611]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">322</figureCitation>
). Occipital constriction (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FDD1F9FDFD0C4238" box="[613,713,1585,1611]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
) about as broad as half width of head; ‘neck’ region strongly broadening posterad. Antennal fossae large and situated anterolaterally, separated at middle by median longitudinal frontal area about as wide as width of scape (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FD00F9B5FCDF42E0" box="[692,794,1657,1683]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 313</figureCitation>
). Frontoclypeal groove lacking; clypeus short, rounded anteriorly, with lateral margins converging towards labrum. Gular plate (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FC76F951FBE642C4" box="[962,1059,1693,1719]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FB9AF952FB8F42C4" box="[1070,1098,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">gp</emphasis>
) subtrapezoidal, covered with transverse microsculpture, with indistinct gular sutures; posterior tentorial pits (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FBA4F90DFBB442A8" box="[1040,1137,1729,1755]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FBC9F90EFB6442A8" box="[1149,1185,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">ptp</emphasis>
) situated in transverse impression demarcating ventrally 'neck' region, each punctiform.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA25053FF73F8C5FE974532" blockId="82.[151,1437,721,2008]" lastBlockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
Submentum (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FEE8F8C5FE7E4350" box="[348,443,1801,1827]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FE71F8C6FE374350" box="[453,498,1802,1827]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">smn</emphasis>
) subtrapezoidal, laterally demarcated by complete hypostomal sutures (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA25052FABDF8C5FAAD4350" box="[1289,1384,1801,1827]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA25052FAC6F8C5FA4E4350" box="[1394,1419,1801,1827]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">hs</emphasis>
); mentum subtrapezoidal, broadest near base, with bisinuate anterior margin; prelabium short with moderately broadly separated insertions of labial palps; labial palpomere 1 annulate, palpomere 2 strongly elongate, subcylindrical, nearly 4 times as long as broad, palpomere 3 narrow, elongate but distinctly shorter than 2, tapering distally and straight. Maxilla generalized as in most Stenichnini, with large semicircular cardo, subtriangular basistipes, elongate mediostipes, elongate lacinia and galea, each with thick and not very numerous setae along distomesal margin, palpifer elongate, maxillary palp with distinctly elongate and subcylindrical palpomere 1, long, pipe-shaped and weakly curved palpomere 2, strongly elongate and slender fusiform palpomere 3 about twice as wide as palpomere 2, and minute, strongly elongate subconical and pointed palpomere 4. Mandibles poorly visible in studied specimen. Labrum strongly transverse, with rounded anterior margin, and with sparse, symmetrically distributed dorsal setae directed anterad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FE87FB5D45FA" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
Antenna (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FE80FE87FE564516" box="[308,403,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 316</figureCitation>
) short in relation to body length, slender, with scape and pedicel each elongate; flagellomeres loosely assembled; antenna gradually thickening distally. All antennomeres sparsely setose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FE5FFE7D46DA" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
Prothorax in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FE47FE5FFD9145DE" box="[499,596,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 321</figureCitation>
) oval, broadest distinctly in front of middle. Anterior and lateral margins confluent, without anterior angles; lateral margins strongly rounded; posterior corners not marked; posterior margin convex posteriorly. Pronotum lacking antebasal pits, impressions, sublateral and lateral carinae. Bristles present only on posterior regions of outer hypomera (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FD12FE33FCCF466A" box="[678,778,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
). Hypomeral ridges lacking. Prosternum (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FB5FFE33FA88466A" box="[1259,1357,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
) much shorter than half length of prothorax, with precoxal region vestigial, much shorter than coxal rests; notosternal sutures (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FF42FD8BFE9D4612" box="[246,344,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FED0FD8BFE4D4613" box="[356,392,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">nss</emphasis>
) complete. Prosternal process not developed; posterior margin of furcasternum with shallow arcuate median emargination. Procoxal cavities closed; postcoxal hypomeral lobe overlapping (but not fused to) postcoxal prosternal lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FD7FFB0146BE" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" box="[199,1220,691,717]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Meso- and metanotum not studied; mesoscutellar shield not exposed between elytral bases.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FD1BFCA3472E" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
Mesoventrite (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FEDEFD1BFE0F4682" box="[362,458,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 323</figureCitation>
) transverse, with massive prepectus, subquadrate and setose anteromedian impressions functioning as procoxal rests (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FE5CFD37FD8D4766" box="[488,584,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 323</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FDE0FD37FDBC4767" box="[596,633,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">pcr</emphasis>
) separated at middle by longitudinal carina that posteriorly extends into narrow, subtriangular and weakly elevated mesoventral intercoxal process (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FC4DFCD3FB98474A" box="[1017,1117,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 323</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FBD8FCD3FB63474B" box="[1132,1190,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">msvp</emphasis>
) which is posteriorly reducing in height and reaching only middle of mesocoxal rests.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FCABFE6D479E" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
Metaventrite (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FED0FCABFE0447F2" box="[356,449,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 323</figureCitation>
) subtrapezoidal, anteriorly fused with mesoventrite, lacking anterior metaventral process; metaventral intermetacoxal process (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FD82FC47FD5C47D6" box="[566,665,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 323</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FD12FC47FD1947D7" box="[678,732,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">mtvp</emphasis>
) short and broad, triangular and divided into lateral halves by deep median fissure, not separating metacoxae. Metanepisterna and metepimera fully demarcated and narrow, partly exposed in ventral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FC3BFDA34062" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" box="[199,614,1015,1041]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Legs short, lacking peculiar features.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FBD7FF2C402A" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
Elytra (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FEAAFBD7FE424046" box="[286,391,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Figs 312</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FE22FBD7FE044046" box="[406,449,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 321–323" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1018,1042]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetId="figure-16@85.[151,1435,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 321–323. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Head, prothorax and elytral base in dorsal view (321); head and prothorax in ventral view (322); pterothorax in ventral view (323). Abbreviations: gp, gular plate; hr, hypomeral ridge; hs, hypostomal suture; msvp, mesoventral intermesocoxal process; mtvp, metaventral process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746047/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">321</figureCitation>
) together oval, lacking basal impressions, humeral calli, humeral denticles and basal foveae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FBAFFCF2400E" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" box="[199,823,1123,1149]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Hind wings in the only known species entirely reduced.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FB4BFB4640B6" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Abdomen subtriangular, slightly shorter than metaventrite, with six exposed sternites (sternites III–VIII), division between VII and VIII slightly less distinct than between the remaining segments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FB03FAB4417E" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
Aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="137552C3FFA35053FEFCFB03FE2C409A" box="[328,489,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURES 312–320" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,365,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-59@84.[151,1435,365,1789]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 312–320. Clepsydraphes nitidulus (Franz), holotype. Habitus in dorsal view (312); head in anterodorsal (313) and dorsal (314) views; head and prothorax in lateral view (315); antenna (316); aedeagus in ventral (317, 319) and lateral (318, 320) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746043/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Figs 317–320</figureCitation>
) with symmetrical median lobe and weakly sclerotized endophallus, with ventral apical wall delimited from proximal area of median lobe by membrane, aedeagus with free, slender parameres.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3541DCDFFA35053FF73FADBFD9941EE" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FADBFC0D4126" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FF73FADBFE8B4142" bold="true" box="[199,334,1303,1329]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FEE2FADBFE394142" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[342,508,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FEE2FADBFE394142" box="[342,508,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
combines
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FDCDFADBFD234142" box="[633,742,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">clepsydra</emphasis>
(water clock) alluding to the body shape in dorsal view, and
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FF23FAF7FF294126" box="[151,236,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">-raphes</emphasis>
used in generic names of several Stenichnini. Gender masculine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FA92FD9941EE" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FF73FA92FDFE410B" bold="true" box="[199,571,1374,1401]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Composition and distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FDFCFA93FD2B410A" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[584,750,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FDFCFA93FD2B410A" box="[584,750,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes one nominal species known to occur in Central
<collectingCountry id="F3590ED6FFA35053FF23FA4FFEDB41EE" box="[151,286,1411,1437]" name="Madagascar" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(Alaotra-Mangoro Region).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3541DCDFFA35053FF73FA6BFDBA433E" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF14E46FFA35053FF73FA6BFDBA433E" blockId="83.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FF73FA6BFEFE41B2" bold="true" box="[199,315,1447,1473]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FEF6FA6BFE2D41B2" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[322,488,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FEF6FA6BFE2D41B2" box="[322,488,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was included in the key to world genera of Stenichnini (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF33B7FFA35053FBD5FA6BFAE041B2" author="Jaloszynski, P." box="[1121,1317,1447,1473]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref55749" refString="Jaloszynski, P. (2024) Palposcydmus gen. n. from India, with a preliminary key to world genera of Stenichnini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa, 5428 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5428.4.5" type="journal article" year="2024">Jałoszyński 2024</bibRefCitation>
) under the code name ‘Mdg genus 1’. A combination of gradually thickened antennae, anteriorly situated eyes, narrow occipital constriction, hypostomal sutures demarcating elongate subtrapezoidal submentum, oval pronotum broadest in front of middle, complete notosternal sutures, lack of hypomeral ridges, subtriangular mesoventral process posteriorly reaching middle of mesocoxal rests, and contiguous metacoxae distinguish
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FBB0F9FBFB6F4222" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[1028,1194,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FBB0F9FBFB6F4222" box="[1028,1194,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from all stenichnine genera. In dorsal view,
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FE2BF997FD804206" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[415,581,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FE2BF997FD804206" box="[415,581,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles mostly the New Guinean
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FC51F997FA9E4206" authority="Jaloszynski, 2020 c" authorityName="Jaloszynski" authorityYear="2020" box="[997,1371,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Aenigmaphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FC51F997FBB94206" box="[997,1148,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Aenigmaphes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF33B7FFA35053FB37F997FA9E4206" author="Jaloszynski, P." box="[1155,1371,1627,1653]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="4439 - 446" refId="ref55453" refString="Jaloszynski, P. (2020 c) Aenigmaphes gen. n., a new glandulariine genus of the Australian region (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae). Zootaxa, 4731 (3), 4439 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4731.3.12" type="journal article" year="2020">Jałoszyński, 2020c</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Both genera have adults showing a similar body shape, with round pronota setose only in posterolateral regions and elytra broadest far behind middle, strongly narrowing anteriorly. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FC01F96FFB8942CE" authorityName="Jaloszynski" authorityYear="2020" box="[949,1100,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Aenigmaphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FC01F96FFB8942CE" box="[949,1100,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Aenigmaphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has dimerous antennal clubs (antennae gradually thickened in
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FDACF90BFD7B4292" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[536,702,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FDACF90BFD7B4292" box="[536,702,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), one median antebasal pronotal pit anteriorly prolonged into a median longitudinal groove (pronotum lacking any pits or grooves in
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FC2BF927FB804376" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[927,1093,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FC2BF927FB804376" box="[927,1093,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the head lacking hypostomal sutures (present in
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FEDFF8C3FDD4435A" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[363,529,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FEDFF8C3FDD4435A" box="[363,529,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and a long keel-like mesoventral intermesocoxal process posteriorly fused with the metaventrite (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C4E35C5FFA35053FE7CF8FFFDAB433E" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2024" box="[456,622,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Clepsydraphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93A9254FFA35053FE7CF8FFFDAB433E" box="[456,622,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Clepsydraphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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