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<mods:title id="7D3BA16E732D2B0844AD14CEC254F969">Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A28D530F2B5241BE6D34ADB461CDC543">Liseki, Steven D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="796C95BC6F76FEFB8F0760F1D58E57D4">Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania; &amp; Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E74F4483DCE7E33DAA7AF7E1441F64A0">Vane-Wright, Richard I.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03E687FCFFB6FF954909FEE4FD80FCDC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4339173" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167186710" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4339173" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB6FF954909FEE4FD80FCDC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E687FCFFB6FF954909FEE4FD80FCDC" lastPageNumber="887" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB6FF954909FEE4FBABFE91" blockId="22.[269,1045,263,288]" box="[269,1045,263,288]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB6FF954909FEE4FBABFE91" ID-CoL="5GDKX" authority="van Someren, 1967" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1967" box="[269,1045,263,288]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ansorgei" subGenus="Charaxes" subSpecies="kilimanjarica">
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB6FF954909FEE4FC99FE91" bold="true" box="[269,807,263,288]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB6FF954909FEE4FEC0FE91" bold="true" box="[269,382,263,288]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Charaxes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB6FF954994FEE4FDBFFE91" bold="true" box="[400,513,263,288]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Charaxes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB6FF954A10FEE4FC99FE91" bold="true" box="[532,807,263,288]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">ansorgei kilimanjarica</emphasis>
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF954B34FEE4FBABFE91" author="van Someren VGL" box="[816,1045,263,288]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" pagination="277 - 316" refId="ref24058" refString="van Someren VGL. 1967. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part IV. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 18: 277 - 316, 9 pls." type="book chapter" year="1967">van Someren, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF9548A4FEDFFEC9FEE5" author="Henning SF" box="[160,375,316,340]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" refId="ref22224" refString="Henning SF. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe." type="book" year="1989">Henning 1989: 112</bibRefCitation>
(1 fig.). d
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB6FF9549E1FED8FE55FEE2" box="[485,491,315,339]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="887"></emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF9549EFFEDFFD13FEE5" author="Abrera B" box="[491,685,316,340]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" refId="ref21960" refString="d ' Abrera B. 2004. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region (2 nd edn). Part II. Nymphalidae, Libytheidae. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="2004">Abrera 2004: 464</bibRefCitation>
(2 figs). SI: Figure 22a
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB6FF954BAFFED8FC06FEE2" box="[939,952,315,339]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="887"></emphasis>
h.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3556561FFB6FF9548A4FEBDFD80FCDC" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB6FF9548A4FEBDFD57FE0D" blockId="22.[160,1155,315,444]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">
Forewing length: male
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38
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41 mm
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[mean (
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= 2)
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, SD = 1.154]; female
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43
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47 mm
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[mean (
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= 2)
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, SD = 1.310].
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF954B02FE62FC5BFE28" author="van Someren VGL" box="[774,997,385,409]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" pagination="277 - 316" refId="ref24058" refString="van Someren VGL. 1967. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part IV. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 18: 277 - 316, 9 pls." type="book chapter" year="1967">van Someren (1967</bibRefCitation>
, p. 309) gave male forewing length as
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, female
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.
</paragraph>
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Note. See Appendix 6 regarding the
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material of this taxon.
</paragraph>
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</paragraph>
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Known only from the
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locality:
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Western foot hills,
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6
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7000 ft.
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,
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB6FF954BC6FDA3FBFEFDE9" box="[962,1088,576,600]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB6FF954C44FDA3FBF8FDE9" box="[1088,1094,576,600]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="887"></emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF954C5DFDA3FEF7FDCA" author="van Someren VGL" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" pagination="277 - 316" refId="ref24058" refString="van Someren VGL. 1967. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part IV. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 18: 277 - 316, 9 pls." type="book chapter" year="1967">van Someren 1967</bibRefCitation>
, p. 309;
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, p. 112). This subspecies appears endemic to
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB6FF9548A4FD66FEA0FD2C" box="[160,286,645,669]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF95492BFD66FDC6FD2C" author="de Jong R &amp; Congdon TCE" box="[303,632,645,669]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" pagination="133 - 172" refId="ref21990" refString="de Jong R, Congdon TCE. 1993. The montane butterflies of the eastern afrotropics. In: Lovett JC, Wasser SK, editors. Biogeography and ecology of the rain forests of eastern Africa. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press; p. 133 - 172." type="book chapter" year="1993">de Jong and Congdon 1993</bibRefCitation>
, appendix 8.2), but was not encountered by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF9548A4FD4BFE92FD71" author="Liseki SD" box="[160,300,680,704]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" refId="ref22668" refString="Liseki SD 2009. Butterfly diversity and its relevance to conservation in north-eastern Tanzania [PhD thesis]. Canterbury (UK): University of Kent." type="book" year="2009">Liseki (2009)</bibRefCitation>
. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF9549D4FD4BFDD1FD71" author="Kielland J" box="[464,623,680,704]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" refId="ref22372" refString="Kielland J. 1990. Butterflies of Tanzania. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="1990">Kielland (1990</bibRefCitation>
, p. 95), most if not all of the several subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB6FF9548BAFD28FE42FD52" authority="Rothschild, 1897" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1897" box="[190,508,715,739]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ansorgei">
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB6FF9548BAFD28FE86FD52" box="[190,312,715,739]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">C. ansorgei</emphasis>
Rothschild, 1897
</taxonomicName>
, recognized to occur in
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have been recorded up to
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or higher. If this population survives on
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB6FF954AF7FD0EFCCAFCB4" box="[755,884,749,773]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
, it probably flies within the lowest zone of the forest reserve. Collectively, the 11 subspecies listed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF954C3CFCF3FE9BFCFA" author="Ackery PR &amp; Smith CR &amp; Vane-Wright RI" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" refId="ref20969" refString="Ackery PR, Smith CR, Vane-Wright RI, editors. 1995. Carcasson ' s African Butterflies: an annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. East Melbourne: CSIRO." type="book" year="1995">Ackery et al. (1995</bibRefCitation>
, p. 433) are found in montane and submontane forests from
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and
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to eastern
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB6FF954978FCB6FE12FCDC" box="[380,428,853,877]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">DRC</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB6FF9549ECFCB6FD84FCDC" box="[488,570,853,877]" name="Malawi" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Malawi</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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