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<document id="7596A1BAD4F56BA35E568FEE90DBC459" ID-CLB-Dataset="21272" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05d1bac2-fe53-42ba-a04d-bc4828adaf4e" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3990100" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1597771971732" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Liseki, Steven D. &amp; Vane-Wright, Richard I." docDate="2015" docId="03E687FCFFB5FF95491CFBF0FD8AFF78" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.50.13-14.865-904.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 50" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Charaxes (Charaxes) acuminatus subsp. teitensis van Someren 1963" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="886" masterDocId="FFDFFF84FFA0FF834804FFE3FFBEFFB1" masterDocTitle="Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae" masterLastPageNumber="904" masterPageNumber="865" pageNumber="886" updateTime="1698844713879" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="CF10621570F070C890FD64ED8C3BB05A">Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E54B795455514DD9ABDB70F2468CBEC4">Liseki, Steven D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="822F25A5A495DE1B884DEF0380D19BA6">Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania; &amp; Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1308835510B26F0A4B340A380704B6E6">Vane-Wright, Richard I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="97764B3D91A8CDA6295C2E0301F9BAC8">Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; &amp; Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; &amp; School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB5FF96491CFBF0FBB4FB9D" blockId="21.[280,1034,1043,1068]" box="[280,1034,1043,1068]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">
<heading id="D0B88186FFB5FF96491CFBF0FBB4FB9D" box="[280,1034,1043,1068]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB5FF96491CFBF0FBB4FB9D" ID-CoL="958C4" authority="van Someren, 1963" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1963" box="[280,1034,1043,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="acuminatus" subGenus="Charaxes" subSpecies="teitensis">
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF96491CFBF0FCA5FB9D" bold="true" box="[280,795,1043,1068]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF96491CFBF0FE37FB9D" bold="true" box="[280,393,1043,1068]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">Charaxes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964998FBF0FDB3FB9D" bold="true" box="[412,525,1043,1068]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">Charaxes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964A1BFBF0FCA5FB9D" bold="true" box="[543,795,1043,1068]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">acuminatus teitensis</emphasis>
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB5FF964B21FBF0FBB4FB9D" author="van Someren VGL" box="[805,1034,1043,1068]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" pagination="195 - 242" refId="ref23944" refString="van Someren VGL. 1963. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part I. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 13: 195 - 242, 19 pls." type="book chapter" year="1963">van Someren, 1963</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB5FF9648A4FBABFCADFBD1" blockId="21.[160,1155,1096,1224]" box="[160,787,1096,1120]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB5FF9648A4FBABFED7FBD1" author="Henning SF" box="[160,361,1096,1120]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" refId="ref22224" refString="Henning SF. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe." type="book" year="1989">Henning 1989: 48</bibRefCitation>
(1 fig.). SI: Figure 20a
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964A66FBABFDD1FBD1" box="[610,623,1096,1120]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886"></emphasis>
d (two males).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB5FF9648A4FB88FD57FB79" blockId="21.[160,1155,1096,1224]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">
Forewing length: male
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46
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF9649D2FB89FE5DFB33" box="[470,483,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886"></emphasis>
51 mm
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[mean (
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964AA3FB88FD0BFB32" box="[679,693,1131,1155]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">n</emphasis>
= 8)
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB5FF964B02FB88FC3FFB32" box="[774,897,1131,1155]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.809" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" unit="mm" value="48.09">48.09 mm</quantity>
, SD = 0.951]; female
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB5FF9648C4FB6EFE84FB14" box="[192,314,1165,1189]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" unit="mm" value="55.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="51.0">
51
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF9648DFFB6EFF56FB14" box="[219,232,1165,1189]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886"></emphasis>
60 mm
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[mean (
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964999FB6EFE15FB14" box="[413,427,1165,1189]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">n</emphasis>
= 4)
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB5FF9649EAFB6EFDDDFB14" box="[494,611,1165,1189]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.418" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" unit="mm" value="54.18">54.18 mm</quantity>
, SD = 3.585].
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB5FF964B02FB6EFC5BFB14" author="van Someren VGL" box="[774,997,1165,1189]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" pagination="195 - 242" refId="ref23944" refString="van Someren VGL. 1963. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part I. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 13: 195 - 242, 19 pls." type="book chapter" year="1963">van Someren (1963</bibRefCitation>
, p. 216) gave male forewing length as
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB5FF9649DBFB53FD8CFB79" box="[479,562,1200,1224]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" unit="mm" value="47.0">47 mm</quantity>
, female
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB5FF9648C1FB00FDA1FAAC" blockId="21.[160,1155,1251,1309]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">There is almost no sexual dimorphism in colour pattern in this species, but the leaflike undersides vary considerably.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB5FF9648A4FAA8FF42FAD4" blockId="21.[160,1156,1355,1727]" box="[160,252,1355,1381]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">
<heading id="D0B88186FFB5FF9648A4FAA8FF42FAD4" box="[160,252,1355,1381]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF9648A4FAA8FF42FAD4" bold="true" box="[160,252,1355,1381]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" reason="3">Records</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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Mountains of the Northern Highlands, including Oldeani, Ngorongoro, Mt Meru and Mt Longido, at elevations of
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1700
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964A25FA71FD90FA1B" box="[545,558,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886"></emphasis>
2600 m
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB5FF964AA2FA71FCF4FA1B" author="Kielland J" box="[678,842,1426,1450]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" refId="ref22372" refString="Kielland J. 1990. Butterflies of Tanzania. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="1990">Kielland 1990</bibRefCitation>
, p. 94). Encountered on
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB5FF9648A4FA56FEA0FA7C" box="[160,286,1461,1485]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB5FF964954FA56FE66FA7C" author="Liseki SD" box="[336,472,1461,1485]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" refId="ref22668" refString="Liseki SD 2009. Butterfly diversity and its relevance to conservation in north-eastern Tanzania [PhD thesis]. Canterbury (UK): University of Kent." type="book" year="2009">Liseki (2009</bibRefCitation>
, p. 105) at
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during January and March. Four male and
<specimenCount id="9D49FD63FFB5FF9648D3FA34FE83FA5E" box="[215,317,1495,1519]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
specimens in BMNH were collected at altitudes from
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB5FF964BC0FA34FBE2FA5E" box="[964,1116,1495,1519]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4478" metricValueMax="1.6764" metricValueMin="1.2192" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" unit="ft" value="4750.0" valueMax="5500.0" valueMin="4000.0">
4000
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964BFFFA34FBB6FA5E" box="[1019,1032,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886"></emphasis>
5500 ft
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by Cooper. In addition there are three males from Moshi district, one collected at Rau Forest on
<date id="FFF1102AFFB5FF9648CEF9FEFE19F984" box="[202,423,1565,1589]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" value="1943-09-08">8 September 1943</date>
, one from
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964A35F9FFFD89F985" box="[561,567,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886"></emphasis>
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB5FF964A33F9FEFD32F984" box="[567,652,1565,1589]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 miles</quantity>
NW of Moshi
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964B31F9FFFC84F985" box="[821,826,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886"></emphasis>
, obtained
<date id="FFF1102AFFB5FF964BBBF9FEFBE5F984" box="[959,1115,1565,1589]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" value="1916-05-13">13 May 1916</date>
by Buchanan, and the third from Mwika,
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB5FF964A50F9DCFD18F9E6" box="[596,678,1599,1623]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" unit="ft" value="4000.0">4000 ft</quantity>
, ex Adams Collection. In OUMNH there is a single male from
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB5FF96498EF981FDB6F9CB" box="[394,520,1634,1658]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
collected by Rogers,
<date id="FFF1102AFFB5FF964B0DF981FCC3F9CB" box="[777,893,1634,1658]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" value="1905-05">May 1905</date>
. Beyond
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB5FF964BE8F981FBF1F9CB" box="[1004,1103,1634,1658]" name="Tanzania" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
this subspecies occurs in southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB5FF964A2BF966FDCDF92C" box="[559,627,1669,1693]" name="Kenya" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(Mt Mbolo,
<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB5FF964B06F966FC86F92C" box="[770,824,1669,1693]" country="Kenya" name="Taita/Taveta" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">Taita</collectingRegion>
Hills, Chyulu Hills, Ol
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964C29F967FB8CF92D" box="[1069,1074,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886"></emphasis>
Doinyo Orok:
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB5FF9648E2F944FE36F90E" author="Henning SF" box="[230,392,1703,1727]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" refId="ref22224" refString="Henning SF. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe." type="book" year="1989">Henning 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB5FF96499CF944FD9CF90E" author="Larsen TB" box="[408,546,1703,1727]" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" refId="ref22516" refString="Larsen TB. 1996. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History. 2 nd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1996">Larsen 1996</bibRefCitation>
). Over a dozen subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB5FF954B82F944FF67FF17" authority="Thurau, 1903" authorityName="Thurau" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="887" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="886" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB5FF964B82F944FB9AF90E" box="[902,1060,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="886">C. acuminatus</emphasis>
Thurau, 1903
</taxonomicName>
, are recognized, distributed in highland forests from
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB6FF954B36FF6DFCC8FF17" box="[818,886,142,166]" name="Kenya" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Kenya</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB6FF954BB4FF6DFBB6FF17" box="[944,1032,142,166]" name="Uganda" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Uganda</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB6FF954C2BFF6DFB3DFF17" box="[1071,1155,142,166]" name="Zambia" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Zambia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB6FF9548D7FF52FEF4FF78" box="[211,330,177,201]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="22" pageNumber="887">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB6FF95495DFF52FD99FF78" author="Ackery PR &amp; Smith CR &amp; Vane-Wright RI" box="[345,551,177,201]" pageId="22" pageNumber="887" refId="ref20969" refString="Ackery PR, Smith CR, Vane-Wright RI, editors. 1995. Carcasson ' s African Butterflies: an annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. East Melbourne: CSIRO." type="book" year="1995">Ackery et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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