430 lines
54 KiB
XML
430 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="96DE0F1107C4FF7BF2A467B885DFECA2" ID-CLB-Dataset="285010" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2023.2278212" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7e7d50db-e4ec-493e-a117-9f15b25e9082" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10498771" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1704715027317" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Selis, Marco" docDate="2023" docId="03E687C9FFA57303C3B6FE83FD97F925" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.57.41-44.1949-1962.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 57 (41 - 44)" docSource="http://zoobank.org/150ae4a7-6876-4b26-afc6-4296a6b8f3cc" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Synagris (Paragris) rufopicta Tullgren 1904" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1960" masterDocId="FFDFFFB1FFA27308C22EFFDBFFAEFFAB" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the subgenus Synagris (Paragris) de Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae)" masterLastPageNumber="1962" masterPageNumber="1949" pageNumber="1956" updateTime="1705090935350" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DE1C9B3E74BFDF4BF979E75674A094F8">Taxonomic revision of the subgenus Synagris (Paragris) de Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A63AB982F4EA600CF83E6CD3768303F7">Selis, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3BFE4A9DEC83C838C0ED71AE386B2B71">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4787BF99420F947C15C5B830471FB11B">2023</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C3556554FFA5730FC3B6FE83FC24FED9" box="[408,906,344,370]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC3B6FE83FC24FED9" blockId="7.[408,906,344,370]" box="[408,906,344,370]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
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<heading id="D0B881B3FFA5730FC3B6FE83FC24FED9" box="[408,906,344,370]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC3B6FE83FC24FED9" ID-CoL="53T43" authority="Tullgren, 1904" authorityName="Tullgren" authorityYear="1904" box="[408,906,344,370]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufopicta" subGenus="Paragris">
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<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC3B6FE83FD75FED9" box="[408,731,344,370]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Synagris (Paragris) rufopicta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC0CDFE83FC24FED9" author="Tullgren A" box="[739,906,344,370]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="445 - 462" refId="ref4261" refString="Tullgren A. 1904. On some Hymenoptera Aculeata from the Cameroons with an appendix: on some type-species of the genus Scolia and Belenogaster in the Royal Museum at Stockholm. Arkiv for Zoologi. 1: 445 - 462." type="journal article" year="1904">Tullgren, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3556554FFA5730FC036FEA4FCA5FE32" box="[536,779,383,409]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC036FEA4FCA5FE32" blockId="7.[536,779,383,409]" box="[536,779,383,409]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC00EFEA4FD07FE32" box="[544,681,383,409]" captionStart-0="Figure 4" captionStart-1="Figure 5" captionStart-2="Figure 6" captionStartId-0="8.[160,225,1539,1562]" captionStartId-1="9.[160,225,1360,1383]" captionStartId-2="10.[160,225,1297,1320]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1150,145,1505]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1150,144,1326]" captionTargetBox-2="[175,1150,144,1263]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@8.[163,1153,142,1508]" captionTargetId-1="figure-69@9.[163,1153,142,1329]" captionTargetId-2="figure-72@10.[163,1153,142,1266]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Figure 4. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, male head in frontal view. c, female head in frontal view. d, metanotum and propodeum in posterodorsal view. e, S2 in ventral view." captionText-1="Figure 5. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren, male lectotype of S. parvula von Schulthess. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, habitus in lateral view. c, S2 in ventral view. d, labels." captionText-2="Figure 6. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren, female paralectotype of S. parvula von Schulthess. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, habitus in lateral view. c, head in frontal view. d, labels. Credits: Harald Schillhammer and Manuela Vizek, NHMW, 2023." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498787" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498791" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498795" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10498787/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10498791/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10498795/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Figures 4–6</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC0CBFEA4FCADFE32" box="[741,771,383,409]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[160,225,716,739]" captionTargetBox="[165,1145,148,678]" captionTargetId="figure-54@11.[163,1153,142,685]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Male genitalia: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus+volsella. a, Synagris huberti de Saussure. b, Synagris rufopicta Tullgren." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498799/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">7b</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3556554FFA5730FC28EFE6FFCBBFDF3" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFE6FFBB3FE44" blockId="7.[160,1155,436,600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11F1FFA5730FC28EFE6FFBB3FE44" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10CEFFA5730FC28EFE6FFD96FE66" author="Tullgren A" box="[160,568,436,461]" page="448" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" year="1904">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC28EFE6FFD96FE66" ID-CoL="53T43" authority="Tullgren 1904: 448" authorityName="Tullgren" authorityPageNumber="448" authorityYear="1904" box="[160,568,436,461]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufopicta">
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<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFE6FFECCFE66" box="[160,354,436,461]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Synagris rufopicta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC346FE6FFD96FE66" author="Tullgren A" box="[360,568,436,461]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="445 - 462" refId="ref4261" refString="Tullgren A. 1904. On some Hymenoptera Aculeata from the Cameroons with an appendix: on some type-species of the genus Scolia and Belenogaster in the Royal Museum at Stockholm. Arkiv for Zoologi. 1: 445 - 462." type="journal article" year="1904">Tullgren 1904: 448</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. XXIV, figs. 10a, 10b, f# – [
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<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC143FE6FFC49FE66" box="[877,999,436,461]" name="Cameroon" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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] ′Kitta̍ (NHRS)
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10CEFFA5730FC28EFE0DFDF7FE44" author="Buysson" box="[160,601,470,495]" page="213" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" year="1909">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC28EFE0DFDF7FE44" ID-CoL="53T35" authority="du Buysson 1909: 213" authorityName="du Buysson" authorityPageNumber="213" authorityYear="1909" box="[160,601,470,495]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
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<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFE0DFEF7FE44" box="[160,345,470,495]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Synagris imitator</emphasis>
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du
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC3A8FE0DFDF7FE44" author="Buysson" box="[390,601,470,495]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="207 - 219" refId="ref3994" refString="du Buysson, R. 1909. Hymenopteres nouveaux. Revue d ̍ Entomologie. 27: 207 - 219." type="journal article" year="1909">Buysson 1909: 213</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, f# – ′
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<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC0B7FE0DFD49FE44" box="[665,743,470,495]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Congo</collectingCountry>
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, rivière San Benito̍ (MNHN)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFE22FBB0FDB9" blockId="7.[160,1155,436,600]" box="[160,1054,505,530]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11F1FFA5730FC28EFE22FBB0FDB9" box="[160,1054,505,530]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10CEFFA5730FC28EFE22FD4AFDB9" author="Bequaert J" box="[160,740,505,530]" page="226" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" year="1918">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC28EFE22FD4AFDB9" ID-CoL="5LD64" authority="Bequaert 1918: 226" authorityName="Bequaert" authorityPageNumber="226" authorityYear="1918" box="[160,740,505,530]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rufopicta" variety="mimetica">
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<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFE22FECAFDB9" box="[160,356,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Synagris rufopicta</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC3B5FE22FDAEFDB9" box="[411,512,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">mimetica</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC029FE22FD4AFDB9" author="Bequaert J" box="[519,740,505,530]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="1 - 384" refId="ref3834" refString="Bequaert J. 1918. A revision of the Vespidae of the Belgian Congo based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, with a list of the Ethiopian Diplopterous wasps. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 39 (1): 1 - 384." type="journal article" year="1918">Bequaert 1918: 226</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, f# – ′Medje̍ (AMNH) syn. n.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFDC7FCBBFDF3" blockId="7.[160,1155,436,600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11F1FFA5730FC28EFDC7FCBBFDF3" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10CEFFA5730FC28EFDC7FDDCFD9E" author="von Schulthess A" box="[160,626,540,565]" page="310" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" year="1928">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC28EFDC7FDDCFD9E" ID-CoL="53T3V" authority="von Schulthess 1928: 310" authorityName="von Schulthess" authorityPageNumber="310" authorityYear="1928" box="[160,626,540,565]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
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<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFDC7FEFAFD9E" box="[160,340,540,565]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Synagris parvula</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC374FDC7FDDCFD9E" author="von Schulthess A" box="[346,626,540,565]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="305 - 335" refId="ref4303" refString="von Schulthess A. 1928. Zur athiopischen Vespidenfauna (Hym.). Rhynchia sinagroidea et affinia. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. 28 (4): 305 - 335." type="journal article" year="1928">von Schulthess 1928: 310</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(key), 317, fig. 4, m#, f# (in subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC63EFDC7FBC6FD9E" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[1040,1128,540,565]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1961" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Paragris">
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC63EFDC7FBC6FD9E" box="[1040,1128,540,565]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Paragris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) – ′Zentralafrika, Belg.
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<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC353FDE4FE67FDF3" box="[381,457,575,600]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Kongo</collectingCountry>
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, Urwald Beni̍ (NHMW) syn. n.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3556554FFA5730FC28EFD5AFEB2FC8E" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFD5AFEB2FC8E" blockId="7.[160,1155,641,805]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFD5AFEBBFD31" bold="true" box="[160,277,641,666]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Readily distinguished from other species of the subgenus by the following combination of characters: inferior carina of propodeum strongly developed and lamellar (
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<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC286FD1DFEBDFD74" box="[168,275,710,735]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1539,1562]" captionTargetBox="[166,1150,145,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-3@8.[163,1153,142,1508]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, male head in frontal view. c, female head in frontal view. d, metanotum and propodeum in posterodorsal view. e, S2 in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498787/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Figure 4d</figureCitation>
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||
), presence of two longitudinal carinae on the basal half of S2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC1F5FD1DFBFFFD74" box="[987,1105,710,735]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1539,1562]" captionTargetBox="[166,1150,145,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-3@8.[163,1153,142,1508]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, male head in frontal view. c, female head in frontal view. d, metanotum and propodeum in posterodorsal view. e, S2 in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498787/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Figures 4e</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC672FD1DFBD8FD74" box="[1116,1142,710,735]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1360,1383]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-69@9.[163,1153,142,1329]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren, male lectotype of S. parvula von Schulthess. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, habitus in lateral view. c, S2 in ventral view. d, labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498791/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">5c</figureCitation>
|
||
); male clypeus short pyriform (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC3DEFD32FDF2FCA9" box="[496,604,745,770]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1539,1562]" captionTargetBox="[166,1150,145,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-3@8.[163,1153,142,1508]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, male head in frontal view. c, female head in frontal view. d, metanotum and propodeum in posterodorsal view. e, S2 in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498787/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Figure 4b</figureCitation>
|
||
), similar to the female; female clypeus flattened (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC286FCD7FEA1FC8E" box="[168,271,780,805]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1539,1562]" captionTargetBox="[166,1150,145,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-3@8.[163,1153,142,1508]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, male head in frontal view. c, female head in frontal view. d, metanotum and propodeum in posterodorsal view. e, S2 in ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498787/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Figure 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556554FFA5730FC28EFC83FDE8FBCF" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFC83FED1FCD9" blockId="7.[160,1156,856,1124]" box="[160,383,856,882]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFC83FED1FCD9" bold="true" box="[160,383,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFCA0FDE8FBCF" blockId="7.[160,1156,856,1124]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFCA0FE8BFC39" bold="true" box="[160,293,891,916]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC28EFCA0FEABFC39" baselines="910,910" box="[160,261,891,916]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Lectotype" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4887DFFA5730FC28EFCA0FEABFC39" box="[160,261,891,916]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC320FC5AFE8BFC39" baselines="910" box="[270,293,897,914]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="of" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">OF</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC300FCA0FE74FC39" box="[302,474,891,916]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC300FCA0FE74FC39" bold="true" box="[302,474,891,916]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC300FCA0FE2BFC39" baselines="910,910" box="[302,389,891,916]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Synagris" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">SYNAGRIS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC3A3FC5AFE74FC39" baselines="910" box="[397,474,897,914]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="parvula" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">PARVULA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: m#, labelled ′Urw.Moera/Grauer,1910 //
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC19CFCA0FBE1FC3F" authority="Sch" authorityName="Sch" box="[946,1103,891,916]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC19CFCA0FBE1FC3F" box="[946,1103,891,916]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">S. parvula Sch</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/det. Schulthess 928 // Type //
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC3E7FC45FD2EFC1C" box="[457,640,926,951]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC3E7FC45FD2EFC1C" box="[457,640,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Synagris parvula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC0A6FC45FCDDFC1C" author="von Schulthess A" box="[648,883,926,951]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="305 - 335" refId="ref4303" refString="von Schulthess A. 1928. Zur athiopischen Vespidenfauna (Hym.). Rhynchia sinagroidea et affinia. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. 28 (4): 305 - 335." type="journal article" year="1928">von Schulthess 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
/
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4887DFFA5730FC154FC45FBAAFC1C" box="[890,1028,926,951]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/Des. Marco
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC28EFC1BFEBEFC72" author="Selis M & Carpenter JM" box="[160,272,960,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="487 - 512" refId="ref4189" refString="Selis M, Carpenter JM. 2022. Cladistic analysis and reclassification of Synagris Latreille (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Zootaxa. 5159 (4): 487 - 512. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5159.4.2." type="journal article" year="2022">Selis 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[red label]̍ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE1AFFA5730FC3B2FC1BFE5FFC72" box="[412,497,960,985]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC02FFC1BFD1DFC7C" bold="true" box="[513,691,960,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC02FFC1BFD3BFC7C" baselines="979,979" box="[513,661,960,985]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Paralectotype" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4887DFFA5730FC02FFC1BFD3BFC7C" box="[513,661,960,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC0B2FC1DFD1DFC7C" baselines="979" box="[668,691,966,983]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="of" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">OF</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC095FC1BFCCBFC7C" box="[699,869,960,985]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC095FC1BFCCBFC7C" bold="true" box="[699,869,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC095FC1BFCBFFC7C" baselines="979,979" box="[699,785,960,985]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Synagris" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">SYNAGRIS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC136FC1DFCCBFC7C" baselines="979" box="[792,869,966,983]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="parvula" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">PARVULA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: f#, labelled ′Urwald-Beni /Okt̍.10.Grauer //
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC341FC38FDBCFC57" authority="Sch." authorityName="Sch." box="[367,530,995,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC341FC38FDA0FC57" box="[367,526,995,1020]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">S. parvula Sch</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/det. Schulthess 928 // Type̍ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE1AFFA5730FC141FC38FC6AFC57" box="[879,964,995,1020]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC1F9FC38FF59FBB7" name="Central African Republic" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC1F9FC38FB87FC51" baselines="1014,1014" box="[983,1065,995,1020]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Central" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC1F9FC38FB87FC51" bold="true" box="[983,1065,995,1020]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">CENTRAL</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC61DFC38FB2DFC51" baselines="1014,1014" box="[1075,1155,995,1020]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="African" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC61DFC38FB2DFC51" bold="true" box="[1075,1155,995,1020]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">AFRICAN</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC28EFBDDFF59FBB7" baselines="1049,1048" box="[160,247,1030,1055]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Republic" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFBDDFF59FBB7" bold="true" box="[160,247,1030,1055]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">REPUBLIC</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498BF83DFFA5730FC32BFBDDFE35FBB4" box="[261,411,1030,1055]" country="Central African Republic" name="Lobaye" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Lobaye prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
, near Grima,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B3AFFA5730FC01CFBDDFDD4FBB4" box="[562,634,1030,1055]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
|
||
NE Bambio, Ngoto Forest,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B3AFFA5730FC19EFBDDFC54FBB4" box="[944,1018,1030,1055]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" unit="m" value="450.0">450 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF1101FFFA5730FC629FBDDFF77FBEA" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" value="2009-06-13" valueMax="2009-06-14" valueMin="2009-06-13">13-14 June 2009</date>
|
||
, leg. A. Kudrna Jr., 1 f# (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE1AFFA5730FC3D7FBF3FD99FBEA" box="[505,567,1064,1089]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">MSVI</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC064FBF3FC3CFB94" box="[586,914,1064,1089]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC064FBF3FCEDFB94" bold="true" box="[586,835,1064,1089]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC064FBF3FD6FFB94" baselines="1083,1083" box="[586,705,1064,1089]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Democratic" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">DEMOCRATIC</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC0E5FBF3FC8CFB94" baselines="1083,1083" box="[715,802,1064,1089]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Republic" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">REPUBLIC</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC102FBF5FCEDFB94" baselines="1083" box="[812,835,1070,1087]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="of" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">OF</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D16A003FFA5730FC160FBF3FC3CFB94" baselines="1083,1083" box="[846,914,1064,1089]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC160FBF3FC3CFB94" bold="true" box="[846,914,1064,1089]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">CONGO</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Stanleyville, 0.5̊N, 25.1667°1E,
|
||
<date id="FFF1101FFFA5730FC306FB90FE33FBCF" box="[296,413,1099,1124]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" value="1915-04">April 1915</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B3AFFA5730FC386FB90FE7FFBCF" box="[424,465,1099,1124]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
# (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE1AFFA5730FC3C0FB90FD93FBCF" box="[494,573,1099,1124]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556554FFA57303C28EFB4CFD97F925" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="1960" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFB4CFE82FB1A" blockId="7.[160,1156,1175,1305]" box="[160,300,1175,1201]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFB4CFE82FB1A" bold="true" box="[160,300,1175,1201]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFB60FEF8FAB2" blockId="7.[160,1156,1175,1305]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC28EFB60FEB9FB7F" box="[160,279,1211,1236]" name="Cameroon" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC30CFB60FD97FB7F" box="[290,569,1211,1236]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
*,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC062FB60FC04FB7F" box="[588,938,1211,1236]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC19BFB60FB2FFB7F" box="[949,1153,1211,1236]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Equatorial Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC28EFB06FF56FB5D" box="[160,248,1245,1270]" name="Uganda" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC329FB06FE08FB5D" author="Tullgren A" box="[263,422,1245,1270]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="445 - 462" refId="ref4261" refString="Tullgren A. 1904. On some Hymenoptera Aculeata from the Cameroons with an appendix: on some type-species of the genus Scolia and Belenogaster in the Royal Museum at Stockholm. Arkiv for Zoologi. 1: 445 - 462." type="journal article" year="1904">Tullgren 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; du
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC3F2FB06FDD7FB5D" author="Buysson" box="[476,633,1245,1270]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="207 - 219" refId="ref3994" refString="du Buysson, R. 1909. Hymenopteres nouveaux. Revue d ̍ Entomologie. 27: 207 - 219." type="journal article" year="1909">Buysson 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC0A9FB06FCBBFB5D" author="Maidl F" box="[647,789,1245,1270]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="215 - 333" refId="ref4129" refString="Maidl F. 1914 b. Monographie der Gattung Synagris Latreille. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse. 91: 215 - 333." type="journal article" year="1914">Maidl 1914b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC10AFB06FC67FB5D" author="Bequaert J" box="[804,969,1245,1270]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="1 - 384" refId="ref3834" refString="Bequaert J. 1918. A revision of the Vespidae of the Belgian Congo based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, with a list of the Ethiopian Diplopterous wasps. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 39 (1): 1 - 384." type="journal article" year="1918">Bequaert 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC1F6FB06FF79FAB2" author="von Schulthess A" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="305 - 335" refId="ref4303" refString="von Schulthess A. 1928. Zur athiopischen Vespidenfauna (Hym.). Rhynchia sinagroidea et affinia. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. 28 (4): 305 - 335." type="journal article" year="1928">von Schulthess 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC2C3FADBFEE4FAB2" box="[237,330,1280,1305]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[160,227,1361,1384]" captionTargetBox="[164,1150,829,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-80@11.[162,1152,827,1330]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Distributional map of Synagris (Paragris) species. Produced using the online tool SimpleMappr (Shorthouse 2010)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498801/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Figure 8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFA97FF4DFACD" blockId="7.[160,1155,1356,1728]" box="[160,227,1356,1382]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC28EFA97FF4DFACD" bold="true" box="[160,227,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Notes</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC28EFAB4FB99F9F3" blockId="7.[160,1155,1356,1728]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B273C82FFA5730FC28EFAB4FE38FA65" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Democratic Republic of Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" specimenCount="2">
|
||
Examination of the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC030FAB4FC68FA23" authority="von Schulthess, 1928" authorityName="von Schulthess" authorityYear="1928" box="[542,966,1391,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC030FAB4FD7FFA23" box="[542,721,1391,1416]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Synagris parvula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC0F4FAB4FC68FA23" author="von Schulthess A" box="[730,966,1391,1416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="305 - 335" refId="ref4303" refString="von Schulthess A. 1928. Zur athiopischen Vespidenfauna (Hym.). Rhynchia sinagroidea et affinia. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. 28 (4): 305 - 335." type="journal article" year="1928">von Schulthess, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, comprising
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D49FD56FFA5730FC676FAB4FEBAFA00" count="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from north-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA5730FC3C0FA49FC90FA00" box="[494,830,1426,1451]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
, showed that this taxon is just a colour variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC3A9FA6EFE38FA65" box="[391,406,1461,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufopicta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC3A9FA6EFE38FA65" box="[391,406,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">S</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC3B8FA6EFDAEFA65" box="[406,512,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">. rufopicta</emphasis>
|
||
, as it completely matches specimens of the latter in both external morphology and male genitalia. This taxon is here synonymised and the male specimen is designated as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4887DFFA5730FC3DDFA21FDF4F9B8" box="[499,602,1530,1555]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC047FA21FD6DF9B8" box="[617,707,1530,1555]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1360,1383]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,144,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-69@9.[163,1153,142,1329]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren, male lectotype of S. parvula von Schulthess. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, habitus in lateral view. c, S2 in ventral view. d, labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498791/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). It should be noted that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC1F0FA21FF73F99D" author="von Schulthess A" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="305 - 335" refId="ref4303" refString="von Schulthess A. 1928. Zur athiopischen Vespidenfauna (Hym.). Rhynchia sinagroidea et affinia. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. 28 (4): 305 - 335." type="journal article" year="1928">von Schulthess (1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 317) reports ′Urwald Beni̍ as locality for both specimens, but in reality this is the locality of the female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA5730FC3B9F9E4FE5CF9F3" box="[407,498,1599,1624]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1297,1320]" captionTargetBox="[175,1150,144,1263]" captionTargetId="figure-72@10.[163,1153,142,1266]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 6. Synagris rufopicta Tullgren, female paralectotype of S. parvula von Schulthess. a, habitus in dorsal view. b, habitus in lateral view. c, head in frontal view. d, labels. Credits: Harald Schillhammer and Manuela Vizek, NHMW, 2023." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498795/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), while the label of the male reports ′Urwald Moera̍.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA5730FC2EEF9B9FCEAF96B" blockId="7.[160,1155,1356,1728]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA5730FC2EEF9B9FD0CF9D0" authority="Bequaert, 1918" authorityName="Bequaert" authorityYear="1918" box="[192,674,1634,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rufopicta" subSpecies="mimetica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA5730FC2EEF9B9FE5FF9D0" box="[192,497,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956">Synagris rufopicta mimetica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA5730FC3D6F9B9FD0CF9D0" author="Bequaert J" box="[504,674,1634,1659]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" pagination="1 - 384" refId="ref3834" refString="Bequaert J. 1918. A revision of the Vespidae of the Belgian Congo based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, with a list of the Ethiopian Diplopterous wasps. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 39 (1): 1 - 384." type="journal article" year="1918">Bequaert, 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is synonymised for the same reason, as its female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4887DFFA5730FC2DDF95EFEF9F935" box="[243,343,1669,1694]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1956" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
shows no morphological differences from the typical form and is differentiated only by the presence of a basal yellow band on T2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF306657FFAA7300C28EF9D8FBCEF993" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498787" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10498787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498787/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1957" startId="8.[160,225,1539,1562]" targetBox="[166,1150,145,1505]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFAA7300C28EF9D8FBCEF993" blockId="8.[160,1156,1539,1592]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1957">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFAA7300C28EF9D8FF54F9B1" bold="true" box="[160,250,1539,1562]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1957">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFAA7300C32FF9D8FDA4F9B1" authority="Tullgren." authorityName="Tullgren." box="[257,522,1539,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1957" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufopicta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFAA7300C32FF9D8FE03F9B1" box="[257,429,1539,1562]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1957">Synagris rufopicta</emphasis>
|
||
Tullgren.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a, habitus in dorsal view. b, male head in frontal view. c, female head in frontal view. d, metanotum and propodeum in posterodorsal view. e, S2 in ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF306657FFAB7301C28EFA8BFCA9FA2E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498791" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10498791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498791/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958" startId="9.[160,225,1360,1383]" targetBox="[165,1150,144,1326]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFAB7301C28EFA8BFCA9FA2E" blockId="9.[160,1156,1360,1413]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFAB7301C28EFA8BFF54FACC" bold="true" box="[160,250,1360,1383]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFAB7301C32FFA8BFDA9FACC" authority="Tullgren" authorityName="Tullgren" box="[257,519,1360,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufopicta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFAB7301C32FFA8BFE03FACC" box="[257,429,1360,1383]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958">Synagris rufopicta</emphasis>
|
||
Tullgren
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male lectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFAB7301C0EDFA8BFC6DFACC" authority="von Schulthess." authorityName="von Schulthess." box="[707,963,1360,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFAB7301C0EDFA8BFC8CFACC" box="[707,802,1360,1383]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958">S. parvula</emphasis>
|
||
von Schulthess.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a, habitus in dorsal view. b, habitus in lateral view. c, S2 in ventral view. d, labels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFAB7302C2EEFA64FDAEFA57" blockId="9.[160,1156,1471,1635]" lastBlockId="10.[160,1156,1437,1636]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="1959" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFAB7301C2EEFA64FE28FA73" box="[192,390,1471,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufopicta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFAB7301C2EEFA64FE28FA73" box="[192,390,1471,1496]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958">Synagris rufopicta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forms a mimetic ring with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFAB7301C0E8FA64FC0DFA73" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[710,931,1471,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFAB7301C0E8FA64FC9BFA73" box="[710,821,1471,1496]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958">S. cornuta</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its subspecies, with black and red specimens occurring in western parts of their distributional area, and entirely black and/or yellow-marked specimens occurring in north-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFAB7301C62DF9DEFEDCF9EB" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="9" pageNumber="1958">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Eastern Africa. It is interesting to note how, in both species, the western populations are very constant in their red and black pattern, while the eastern populations show more variation, with both entirely black and yellow-marked forms. Interestingly, these latter populations seem to cohabitate in the north-eastern forests of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA87302C28EFA38FE52FA57" box="[160,508,1507,1532]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF306657FFA87302C28EFACAFE41FAC8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10498795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498795/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959" startId="10.[160,225,1297,1320]" targetBox="[175,1150,144,1263]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA87302C28EFACAFE41FAC8" blockId="10.[160,1155,1297,1379]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA87302C28EFACAFF54FA83" bold="true" box="[160,250,1297,1320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA87302C32FFACAFDA6FA83" authority="Tullgren" authorityName="Tullgren" box="[257,520,1297,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufopicta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA87302C32FFACAFE00FA83" box="[257,430,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">Synagris rufopicta</emphasis>
|
||
Tullgren
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female paralectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA87302C12AFACAFBAAFA83" authority="von Schulthess." authorityName="von Schulthess." box="[772,1028,1297,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA87302C12AFACAFCCDFA83" box="[772,867,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">S. parvula</emphasis>
|
||
von Schulthess.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a, habitus in dorsal view. b, habitus in lateral view. c, head in frontal view. d, labels. Credits: Harald Schillhammer and Manuela Vizek, NHMW, 2023.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA87303C2EEF9DEFEF0F9C0" blockId="10.[160,1156,1437,1636]" lastBlockId="11.[160,1155,1514,1678]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="1960" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">
|
||
Other species that can be included in this mimetic ring are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA87302C159F9DEFB9AF9B5" authority="Mocsary" authorityName="Mocsary" authorityYear="1903" box="[887,1076,1541,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA87302C159F9DEFC67F9B5" box="[887,969,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">S. fulva</emphasis>
|
||
Mocsáry
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which shows a black and red pattern in the western part of its distribution (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA87302C607F9F3FED5F9CF" authority="Tullgren" authorityName="Tullgren" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fulva" subSpecies="trispinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA87302C607F9F3FEA3F9CF" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">S. fulva trispinosa</emphasis>
|
||
Tullgren
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA87302C3BEF990FDEEF9CF" authority="Maidl" authorityName="Maidl" authorityYear="1914" box="[400,576,1611,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA87302C3BEF990FE5CF9CF" box="[400,498,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">S. similis</emphasis>
|
||
Maidl
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is known from north-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358764FFFA87303C62EF990FE2CF9A8" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="1960" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="10" pageNumber="1959">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
and is entirely black (nominotypical subspecies) or with large yellow spots on T2 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA97303C3A2F9D6FD04F98D" authority="Maidl" authorityName="Maidl" authorityYear="1914" box="[396,682,1549,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="similis" subSpecies="maculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C3A2F9D6FDF3F98D" box="[396,605,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">S. similis maculata</emphasis>
|
||
Maidl
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA97303C0DFF9D6FCF5F98D" box="[753,859,1549,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huberti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C0DFF9D6FCF5F98D" box="[753,859,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">S. huberti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which shows both black and red (former subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA97303C3C5F9F4FDE7F9E3" authorityName="Mocsary" authorityYear="1903" box="[491,585,1583,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clypeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C3C5F9F4FDE7F9E3" box="[491,585,1583,1608]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">clypeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and yellow-marked (former subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C606F9F4FF65F9C0" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">bimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
) specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF306657FFA97303C28EFD17FD89FCAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498799" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10498799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498799/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960" startId="11.[160,225,716,739]" targetBox="[165,1145,148,678]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA97303C28EFD17FD89FCAA" blockId="11.[160,1156,716,769]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C28EFD17FF54FD48" bold="true" box="[160,250,716,739]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus+volsella. a,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA97303C1E7FD17FF53FCAA" authority="de Saussure." authorityName="de Saussure." class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huberti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C1E7FD17FBCAFD48" box="[969,1124,716,739]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">Synagris huberti</emphasis>
|
||
de Saussure.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
b,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA97303C332FD31FD89FCAA" authority="Tullgren." authorityName="Tullgren." box="[284,551,746,769]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufopicta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C332FD31FE67FCAA" box="[284,457,746,769]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">Synagris rufopicta</emphasis>
|
||
Tullgren.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF306657FFA97303C28EFA8AFE4AFA2D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498801" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10498801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498801/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960" startId="11.[160,227,1361,1384]" targetBox="[164,1150,829,1327]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA97303C28EFA8AFE4AFA2D" blockId="11.[160,1156,1361,1414]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C28EFA8AFEAAFAC3" bold="true" box="[160,260,1361,1384]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Distributional map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D5CFFA97303C02BFA8AFD6AFAC3" box="[517,708,1361,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Paragris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C02BFA8AFDF9FAC3" box="[517,599,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">Synagris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEACDFFA97303C042FA8AFD12FAC3" box="[620,700,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">Paragris</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. Produced using the online tool SimpleMappr (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B2EFFA97303C301FAB4FE76FA2D" author="Shorthouse DP" box="[303,472,1391,1414]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960" refId="ref4231" refString="Shorthouse DP. 2010. SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication-quality point maps; [accessed 2023 Jan 15]. https: // simplemappr. net." type="journal volume" year="2010">Shorthouse 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036DFFFA97303C28EF9AEFD97F925" blockId="11.[160,1155,1514,1678]" box="[160,569,1653,1678]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">
|
||
Genitalia are illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A5AFFA97303C3E6F9AEFD9DF925" box="[456,563,1653,1678]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[160,225,716,739]" captionTargetBox="[165,1145,148,678]" captionTargetId="figure-54@11.[163,1153,142,685]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Male genitalia: aedeagus in ventral and lateral view, digitus+volsella. a, Synagris huberti de Saussure. b, Synagris rufopicta Tullgren." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10498799/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1960">Figure 7b</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |