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<document id="558A5DE36F1BE9964E84233A895E61AB" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191390" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9e573dc9-5b22-4767-8933-3cc698872a19" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191390" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461127792597" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ohlson, Jan I., Fjeldså, Jon &amp; Ericson, Per G. P." docDate="2009" docId="03E687808715FF8261D3FBC256A6FB16" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02290p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2290" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Nephelomyias Ohlson, Fjeldså &amp; Ericson, 2009, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="FFDFFFF88714FF816144FF9C564BFFD0" masterDocTitle="A new genus for three species of tyrant flycatchers (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), formerly placed in Myiophobus" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="36" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1698597044506" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="FA054C6EE066CD03BEF0B27A214F6DF4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="CB5EC3CF9BC20804412D7ABBE12F3A33">
<mods:title id="E9F0F0962B1E02766CA18BAAB4F912BA">A new genus for three species of tyrant flycatchers (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), formerly placed in Myiophobus</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A74E46E8C571E851E2D89D7A81CEE135" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9C57E8F108816D4EB24200C58BF0553F">
<mods:roleTerm id="3E09008E2721684B150D04F66D25400D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="589CD0F69777F6F61B65EB3C1F80FE96">Ohlson, Jan I.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9EE1490B3A45C82C238DD6D16B1CC5BA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8EF6912E5975C7C309B5C1847EB1C443">
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<mods:namePart id="5624F195AD5806959A6F56550AF03A1A">Fjeldså, Jon</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6EEAB64A7E1D94B02C3EF753B58B9FB7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F817C1DFF44DFAF6160B2813EC0B4AEE">
<mods:roleTerm id="968AF438A879BC2DE2436C9C4CBD21E5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3283D89C0DD73AC0DF1B9150B87D70FF">Ericson, Per G. P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="739991E32ADDCED117385EDA0BE135C2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="81C7792A9FF4660E6204F4B41EE24BE9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4EB52F99D7E1BBED092FBD85E7D96664">
<mods:date id="15AB5F46B25E34E4A22A09B55A936EFB">2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EC21F2C5C60A49DCDB0314EF7DF2852E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7D00B2F6749AD1B0648904F6D3FE42F5">2290</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="BBC9459AC3338F85DE0921B85501FAEE" unit="page">
<mods:start id="B9B8079237AA4F9E6F57D3E2FD23AB7C">36</mods:start>
<mods:end id="0D57DBE6FA1D35B0DE37B30E698B46FD">40</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="20284AF02F968BE2C35D133ACB6B214D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C14B975A9FC455E802A82F2128904B4A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.191390</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8F4FC0C33CF627F5D14343987A466508" type="GBIF-Dataset">9e573dc9-5b22-4767-8933-3cc698872a19</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="269AC63B12D2456363DBAE1BBCB7F7E4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="850BDCE57594D75FD60C67186A19B9BB" type="Zenodo-Dep">191390</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03E687808715FF8261D3FBC256A6FB16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6212834" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119626534" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6212834" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687808715FF8261D3FBC256A6FB16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E687808715FF8261D3FBC256A6FB16" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection id="C355651D8715FF8061D3FBC2555BFBA8" box="[151,784,1118,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF036968715FF8061D3FBC2555BFBA8" blockId="1.[151,784,1118,1144]" box="[151,784,1118,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D0B881FA8715FF8061D3FBC2555BFBA8" bold="true" box="[151,784,1118,1144]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8061D3FBC2555BFBA8" bold="true" box="[151,784,1118,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8061D3FBC25709FBA8" box="[151,322,1118,1144]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8061D3FBC25709FBA8" bold="true" box="[151,322,1118,1144]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Nephelomyias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857FF8715FF806014FBC257F5FBA8" box="[336,446,1118,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Ohlson, Fjeldså &amp; Ericson
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C355651D8715FF8061D3FB3B525FFAE6" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF036968715FF8061D3FB3B550CFB12" blockId="1.[151,1436,1191,2030]" box="[151,839,1191,1218]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8061D3FB3B5779FB11" bold="true" box="[151,306,1191,1217]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<typeStatus id="54F488348715FF8061D3FB3B569FFB11" box="[151,212,1191,1217]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF806005FB345509FB12" authority="Cabanis, 1873" authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1873" box="[321,834,1192,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mitrephorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochraceiventris">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF806005FB3454DBFB11" box="[321,656,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Mitrephorus ochraceiventris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678715FF8063D3FB345509FB12" author="Cabanis" box="[663,834,1192,1218]" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" refString="Cabanis, J. (1873) Protokoll der LV. Monats-Sitzung. Journal fur Ornithologie, 21, 315 - 320." type="journal article" year="1873">Cabanis, 1873</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968715FF806182FB52525FFAE6" blockId="1.[151,1436,1191,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF806182FB5257EEFB38" bold="true" box="[198,421,1230,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Included species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8060F1FB535592FB38" authority="P. L. Sclater, 1861" authorityName="P. L. Sclater" authorityYear="1861" box="[437,985,1230,1256]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8060F1FB53548FFB38" box="[437,708,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Nephelomyias pulcher</emphasis>
(P. L. Sclater, 1861)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857FF8715FF8062ADFB52523DFB38" box="[1001,1142,1230,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, Handsome Flycatcher;
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8061D3FB695483FADF" authority="Cabanis, 1873" authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,712,1269,1295]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochraceiventris" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8061D3FB69544AFADE" box="[151,513,1269,1294]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Nephelomyias ochraceiventris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678715FF806355FB6954F4FADF" author="Cabanis" box="[529,703,1269,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" refString="Cabanis, J. (1873) Protokoll der LV. Monats-Sitzung. Journal fur Ornithologie, 21, 315 - 320." type="journal article" year="1873">Cabanis, 1873</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20857FF8715FF806394FB69551CFADF" box="[720,855,1269,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, Ochraceous-breasted Flycatcher;
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8065B0FB6956AFFAE5" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lintoni">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8065B0FB6956AFFAE5" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Nephelomyias lintoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Meyer de Schauensee, 1951) comb. nov. Orange-banded Flycatcher.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C355651D8715FF836182FADE53D7F920" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF036968715FF806182FADE54CAF942" blockId="1.[151,1436,1191,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF806182FADE5774FA8C" bold="true" box="[198,319,1346,1372]" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF806016FADF541AFA8C" box="[338,593,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">External morphology</emphasis>
—Small passerine birds similar in proportions to several “contopine” flycatcher genera (clade F
<quantity id="4CB79B738715FF80609DFAF55443FA53" box="[473,520,1385,1411]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678715FF806355FAF554B3FA53" author="Ohlson" box="[529,760,1385,1411]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Ohlson, J. I., Fjeldsa, J. &amp; Ericson, P. G. P. (2008) Tyrant flycatchers coming out in the open: phylogeny and ecological radiation of Tyrannidae (Aves, Passeriformes). Zoologica Scripta, 37, 315 - 335." type="journal article" year="2008">Ohlson et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
; Contopini in
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678715FF8062EDFAF5523CFA53" author="Tello" box="[937,1143,1385,1411]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Tello, J. G., Moyle, R. G., Marchese, D. J. &amp; Cracraft, J. (2009) Phylogeny and phylogenetic classification of the tyrant flycatchers, cotingas, manakins, and their allies (Aves: Tyrannides). Cladistics, 25, 429 - 467." type="journal article" year="2009">Tello et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
), e.g.
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF806586FAF5532CFA52" box="[1218,1383,1385,1410]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Lathrotriccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF806586FAF5532CFA52" box="[1218,1383,1385,1410]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Lathrotriccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8061D3FA0C5757FA79" box="[151,284,1424,1449]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Empidonax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8061D3FA0C5757FA79" box="[151,284,1424,1449]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Empidonax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but bill flatter and relatively shorter, barely longer then the surrounding rictal bristles, and with a much smaller distal hook. Distinguished from other species traditionally included in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8065F5FA2B5303FA00" box="[1201,1352,1463,1488]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8065F5FA2B5303FA00" box="[1201,1352,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Myiophobus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the combination of contrasting wing bars and pale panel on the distal two thirds of the secondaries, rich yellow to ochraceous underparts, and lack of streaking or flammulated pattern on chest and flanks. They are markedly distinct from other members of Hirundineinae, being less derived in both proportions and plumage pattern. They lack the unique colour pattern of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF806321F9CD54B9F9BA" box="[613,754,1617,1642]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiotriccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF806321F9CD54B9F9BA" box="[613,754,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Myiotriccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the long wings, weak tarsi and predominantly rufous plumage of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF806067F9E457F1F941" box="[291,442,1656,1681]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Pyrrhomyias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF806067F9E457F1F941" box="[291,442,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Pyrrhomyias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8060B7F9E45431F941" box="[499,634,1656,1681]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Hirundinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8060B7F9E45431F941" box="[499,634,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Hirundinea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968715FF836182F90256B6FF2F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1191,2030]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,255]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">
The total length is 12.5-
<quantity id="4CB79B738715FF806348F902542BF968" box="[524,608,1694,1720]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" unit="cm" value="14.0">14 cm</quantity>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF806338F9035482F968" box="[636,713,1695,1720]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lintoni">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF806338F9035482F968" box="[636,713,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">lintoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF80625CF9035585F968" box="[792,974,1695,1720]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochraceiventris">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF80625CF9035585F968" box="[792,974,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">ochraceiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or 9.5–
<quantity id="4CB79B738715FF806508F90252D7F968" box="[1100,1180,1694,1720]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8065FCF9035359F968" box="[1208,1298,1695,1720]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8065FCF9035359F968" box="[1208,1298,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Plumage predominantly olive above and yellow below, with orange ochre breast in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF80654CF95952F4F90E" box="[1032,1215,1733,1758]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochraceiventris">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF80654CF95952F4F90E" box="[1032,1215,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">ochraceiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8065BEF959531FF90E" box="[1274,1364,1733,1758]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8065BEF959531FF90E" box="[1274,1364,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; head with prominent yellow to orange-red coronal patch (most prominent in males) and pale arched supraloral line and inconspicuous eye ring; wings and tail dusky to blackish with broad pale ochre to bright cinnamon tips of greater and median secondary coverts, forming two conspicuous wing bars; tertials and remiges edged whitish to pale ochre, except on the inner third of the secondaries, which forms a distinct blackish patch in the closed wing.
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158715FF8061A7F81B57BBF870" box="[227,496,1927,1952]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848715FF8061A7F81B57BBF870" box="[227,496,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="37">Nephelomyias pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the other two by being smaller with a proportionally shorter tail. Interspecific variation in plumage coloration involves tone and richness in colour of underparts and wing markings, colour of the supraloral stripe and eye ring and degree of grey tinge on the head. Apart from this variation,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF83604AFF0457A3FF61" box="[270,488,152,177]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochraceiventris">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF83604AFF0457A3FF61" box="[270,488,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">N. ochraceiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the ochre colour of the underparts extending over the sides of the head, and an all black bill (yellowish lower mandible in the other two);
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8362C5FF2355B8FF08" box="[897,1011,191,216]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lintoni">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8362C5FF2355B8FF08" box="[897,1011,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">N. lintoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has pale iris (dark in the other two species).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF30661E8716FF8361D3FB5055ACFABE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191391/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" targetBox="[217,1369,313,1203]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF8361D3FB5055ACFABE" blockId="2.[151,1437,1228,1391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8361D3FB505752FB34" bold="true" box="[151,281,1228,1252]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. Simplified phylogenetic tree of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8363D7FB515559FB34" box="[659,786,1229,1252]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tyrannidae</taxonomicName>
modified from Ohlson et al. (2008). Nodes supported by Bayesian posterior probabilities &lt;0.95 are collapsed. Clades with several genera have in most cases been condensed and are indicated by arrows at the tip of the branch. All species traditionally placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8362BFFA8E5234FAF9" box="[1019,1151,1298,1321]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8362BFFA8E5234FAF9" box="[1019,1151,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Myiophobus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are in bold type. The three species in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF83605CFAA9578BFA9C" box="[280,448,1333,1356]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF83605CFAA9578BFA9C" box="[280,448,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Nephelomyias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form a strongly supported clade with
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8362DDFAA95261FA9C" box="[921,1066,1333,1356]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiotriccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8362DDFAA95261FA9C" box="[921,1066,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Myiotriccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF83657FFAA9529DFA9C" box="[1083,1238,1333,1356]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Pyrrhomyias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF83657FFAA9529DFA9C" box="[1083,1238,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Pyrrhomyias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836457FAA95708FABE" authority="Hirundineinae" authorityName="Hirundineinae" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Hirundinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836457FAA953D6FA9C" box="[1299,1437,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Hirundinea</emphasis>
(Hirundineinae)
</taxonomicName>
, whereas the other
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836355FAC454DEFABF" box="[529,661,1368,1391]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836355FAC454DEFABF" box="[529,661,1368,1391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Myiophobus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species belong in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF83621EFACB55A8FABE" box="[858,995,1367,1390]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fluvicolinae">Fluvicolinae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF836182FA54529FF973" blockId="2.[151,1437,1479,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836182FA5457A9FA31" box="[198,482,1480,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Anatomical characters</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8360A7FA5B544BFA31" bold="true" box="[483,512,1479,1505]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">—</emphasis>
Cranial and syringeal material is only known for one species (
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8364C5FA545719F9D8" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochraceiventris">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8364C5FA545719F9D8" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">N. ochraceiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), so a full evaluation of anatomical characters cannot be made for the genus. Furthermore, cranial and syringeal morphology in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836311F9895490F9FF" box="[597,731,1557,1583]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tyrannidae</taxonomicName>
has been shown to be highly homoplastic (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678716FF8365ACF98953D3F9FF" author="Birdsley" box="[1256,1432,1557,1583]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="Birdsley, J. S. (2002) Phylogeny of the tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae) based on morphology and behaviour. Auk, 119, 715 - 734." type="journal article" year="2002">Birdsley 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678716FF8361D3F9A75735F985" author="Ericson" box="[151,382,1595,1621]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="Ericson, P. G. P., Zuccon, D., Ohlson, J. I., Johansson, U. S., Alvarenga, H. &amp; Prum, R. O. (2006) Higher-level phylogeny and morphological evolution of tyrant flycatchers, cotingas, manakins and their allies (Aves: Tyrannida). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 40, 471 - 483." type="journal article" year="2006">Ericson et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678716FF8360CEF9A75421F985" author="Ohlson" box="[394,618,1595,1621]" pageId="2" pageNumber="40" refString="Ohlson, J. I., Fjeldsa, J. &amp; Ericson, P. G. P. (2008) Tyrant flycatchers coming out in the open: phylogeny and ecological radiation of Tyrannidae (Aves, Passeriformes). Zoologica Scripta, 37, 315 - 335." type="journal article" year="2008">Ohlson et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
) and any of the individual character states below are found in some other tyrant flycatcher clade. However, at least
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF83638BF9FE55E0F9AB" box="[719,939,1634,1659]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochraceiventris">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF83638BF9FE55E0F9AB" box="[719,939,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">N. ochraceiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares with
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836507F9FE529AF9AB" box="[1091,1233,1634,1659]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiotriccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836507F9FE529AF9AB" box="[1091,1233,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Myiotriccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8365A4F9FE5322F9AB" box="[1248,1385,1634,1659]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Hirundinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8365A4F9FE5322F9AB" box="[1248,1385,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Hirundinea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8361D3F9155765F972" box="[151,302,1673,1698]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Pyrrhomyias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8361D3F9155765F972" box="[151,302,1673,1698]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Pyrrhomyias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the following unique combination of characters (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678716FF836234F915525DF973" author="Lanyon" box="[880,1046,1673,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="40" refString="Lanyon, W. E. (1986) A phylogeny of the thirty-three genera in the Empidonax assemblage of tyrant flycatchers. American Museum Novitates, 2846, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1986">Lanyon, 1986</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678716FF836567F9155226F973" author="Lanyon" box="[1059,1133,1673,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="40" refString="Lanyon, W. E. (1988 a) A phylogeny of the thirty-two genera in the Elaenia assemblage of tyrant flycatchers. American Museum Novitates, 2914, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="a">1988a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678716FF83653DF9155283F973" author="Lanyon" box="[1145,1224,1673,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="40" refString="Lanyon, W. E. (1988 b) The phylogenetic affinities of the flycatcher genera Myiobius Darwin and Terenotriccus Ridgway. American Museum Novitates, 2915, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">1988b</bibRefCitation>
):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF8361A4F92C53D0F91A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1479,2008]" box="[224,1435,1712,1738]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
1) Superior interorbital fenestrae obliterated by ossification (found in many members of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8365AAF92C5321F91A" box="[1262,1386,1712,1738]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Elaeniinae">Elaeniinae</taxonomicName>
and
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF8361A5F94A53D7F920" blockId="2.[151,1437,1479,2008]" box="[225,1436,1750,1776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8361A5F94A57FBF920" box="[225,432,1750,1776]" class="Aves" family="Rhynchocyclidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhynchocyclidae</taxonomicName>
, but not in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836376F94A54FEF920" box="[562,693,1750,1776]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tyranninae">Tyranninae</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836399F94A553BF920" box="[733,880,1750,1776]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fluvicolinae">Fluvicolinae</taxonomicName>
other than
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8362B0F94B52BDF920" box="[1012,1270,1751,1776]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicans">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8362B0F94B52BDF920" box="[1012,1270,1751,1776]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Myiophobus flavicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836440F94B53D7F920" box="[1284,1436,1751,1776]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inornatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836440F94B53D7F920" box="[1284,1436,1751,1776]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">M. inornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C355651D8716FF8261A5F9615530FD1F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF8361A5F96157F8F8C7" blockId="2.[151,1437,1479,2008]" box="[225,435,1789,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836056F96157EAF8C6" box="[274,417,1789,1814]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836056F96157EAF8C6" box="[274,417,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">M. fasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF8361A4F8BF53D7F8ED" blockId="2.[151,1437,1479,2008]" box="[224,1436,1827,1853]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">2) Lack of a fork at the posterior end of the trabecular plate in the nasal septum (characteristic for non-</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF8361A5F8D653D7F8B4" blockId="2.[151,1437,1479,2008]" box="[225,1436,1866,1892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
fluvicoline tyrant flycatchers, in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF83633DF8D65558F8B4" box="[633,787,1866,1892]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fluvicolinae">Fluvicolinae</taxonomicName>
only found in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836288F8D65354F8B3" box="[972,1311,1866,1891]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phoenicomitra">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836288F8D65354F8B3" box="[972,1311,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Myiophobus phoenicomitra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and some
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF8361A5F8ED546DF85B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1479,2008]" box="[225,550,1905,1931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8360C6F8ED545EF85A" box="[386,533,1905,1930]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roraimae">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8360C6F8ED545EF85A" box="[386,533,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">M. roraimae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF8361A4F80453D7F862" blockId="2.[151,1437,1479,2008]" box="[224,1436,1944,1970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">3) 1–2 A elements form completely ossified rings around each bronchus in the syrinx (found in most</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968716FF8261A5F82253D0FF62" blockId="2.[151,1437,1479,2008]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">
tyrannids, absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836097F8235418F808" box="[467,595,1983,2008]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Ochthoeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836097F8235418F808" box="[467,595,1983,2008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Ochthoeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836320F823549FF808" box="[612,724,1983,2008]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Tumbezia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836320F823549FF808" box="[612,724,1983,2008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Tumbezia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8363A1F82355DEF808" box="[741,917,1983,2008]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Colorhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8363A1F82355DEF808" box="[741,917,1983,2008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Colorhamphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8362E1F823525CF808" box="[933,1047,1983,2008]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Fluvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8362E1F823525CF808" box="[933,1047,1983,2008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Fluvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF836563F823528FF808" box="[1063,1220,1983,2008]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Arundinicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF836563F823528FF808" box="[1063,1220,1983,2008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Arundinicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158716FF8365BBF8235337F808" box="[1279,1404,1983,2008]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Alectrurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848716FF8365BBF8235337F808" box="[1279,1404,1983,2008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="38">Alectrurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8261A5FF04573CFF62" box="[225,375,152,178]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fluvicolinae">Fluvicolinae</taxonomicName>
, in the tody-tyrants and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8263CAFF045554FF61" box="[654,799,152,177]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Cnipodectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8263CAFF045554FF61" box="[654,799,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Cnipodectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826207FF045259FF62" box="[835,1042,152,178]" class="Aves" family="Rhynchocyclidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhynchocyclidae</taxonomicName>
, and in all members of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826464FF0453D0FF62" box="[1312,1435,152,178]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Elaeniinae">Elaeniinae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968717FF8261A5FF22540FFF08" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" box="[225,580,190,216]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
except
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826070FF235737FF08" box="[308,380,191,216]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Inezia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826070FF235737FF08" box="[308,380,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Inezia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8260F1FF235479FF08" box="[437,562,191,216]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Zimmerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8260F1FF235479FF08" box="[437,562,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Zimmerius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968717FF8261A4FF7953D7FF2F" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" box="[224,1436,229,255]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
4) Bronchi separated by a calcified pessulus (found in many members of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF82650CFF79535DFF2F" box="[1096,1302,229,255]" class="Aves" family="Rhynchocyclidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhynchocyclidae</taxonomicName>
, but absent
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968717FF8261A5FE9053D0FEF6" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" box="[225,1435,268,294]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
in all other tyrant flycatchers, except
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826390FE905528FEF5" box="[724,867,268,293]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Sublegatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826390FE905528FEF5" box="[724,867,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Sublegatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826232FE905595FEF5" box="[886,990,268,293]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Colonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826232FE905595FEF5" box="[886,990,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Colonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8262B5FE9052DEFEF5" box="[1009,1173,268,293]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Machetornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8262B5FE9052DEFEF5" box="[1009,1173,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Machetornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8265E3FE905379FEF5" box="[1191,1330,268,293]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Zimmerius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8265E3FE905379FEF5" box="[1191,1330,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Zimmerius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826400FE9053DFFEF5" box="[1348,1428,268,293]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Inezia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826400FE9053DFFEF5" box="[1348,1428,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Inezia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968717FF8261A5FEAE524FFE9C" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" box="[225,1028,306,332]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8261A5FEAE5734FE9B" box="[225,383,306,331]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Pseudelaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8261A5FEAE5734FE9B" box="[225,383,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Pseudelaenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8260C9FEAE54C4FE9B" box="[397,655,306,331]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicans">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8260C9FEAE54C4FE9B" box="[397,655,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Myiophobus flavicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8263DAFEAE557EFE9B" box="[670,821,306,331]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inornatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8263DAFEAE557EFE9B" box="[670,821,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">M. inornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF82622AFEAE55B6FE9B" box="[878,1021,306,331]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF82622AFEAE55B6FE9B" box="[878,1021,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">M. fasciatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968717FF8261D3FEC55262FE37" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8261D3FEC557B1FEA2" box="[151,506,345,370]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochraceiventris">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8261D3FEC557B1FEA2" box="[151,506,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Nephelomyias ochraceiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
further shares with
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8263A0FEC5553BFEA2" box="[740,880,345,370]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiotriccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8263A0FEC5553BFEA2" box="[740,880,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Myiotriccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a slightly elevated trabecular plate, resulting in a sagittal ridge at the ventral end of the nasal septum (typical of elaeniines) and the lack of a notch at the anterior end of the nasal septum. Neither of these character states is found in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF82655AFE3B52EEFE10" box="[1054,1189,423,448]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Hirundinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF82655AFE3B52EEFE10" box="[1054,1189,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Hirundinea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8265F0FE3B5300FE10" box="[1204,1355,423,448]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Pyrrhomyias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8265F0FE3B5300FE10" box="[1204,1355,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Pyrrhomyias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or any member of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF82605AFE5157FFFE37" box="[286,436,461,487]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fluvicolinae">Fluvicolinae</taxonomicName>
, except
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826357FE51551DFE36" box="[531,854,461,486]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phoenicomitra">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826357FE51551DFE36" box="[531,854,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Myiophobus phoenicomitra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8262CBFE515269FE36" box="[911,1058,461,486]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roraimae">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8262CBFE515269FE36" box="[911,1058,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">M. roraimae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968717FF8261A4FE6F5530FD1F" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8261A4FE6F5445FDDD" bold="true" box="[224,526,499,525]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Habitat and behaviour:</emphasis>
Distinguished behaviorally both from the other members of Hirundineinae and from their former congeners in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826315FD8654A3FDE3" box="[593,744,538,563]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826315FD8654A3FDE3" box="[593,744,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Myiophobus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by being more arboreal, inhabiting the canopy and subcanopy of humid montane forest. They forage for small arthropods (and possibly some fruit) by short sallies to air or foliage and by perch gleaning. Unlike other members of Hirundineinae, they usually travel in small groups which often accompany mixed foraging parties (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678717FF82626EFD125584FD78" author="Poulsen" box="[810,975,654,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Poulsen, B. O. (1996) Species composition, function and home-range of mixed-species bird flocks in a primary cloud forest in Ecuador. Bulletin of British Ornithologists' Club, 116, 67 - 74." type="journal article" year="1996">Poulsen 1996</bibRefCitation>
), a behaviour that sets them apart from most tyrant flycatchers outside
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826342FD2954CAFD1F" box="[518,641,693,719]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Elaeniinae">Elaeniinae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678717FF8263D5FD295525FD1F" author="Ohlson" box="[657,878,693,719]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Ohlson, J. I., Fjeldsa, J. &amp; Ericson, P. G. P. (2008) Tyrant flycatchers coming out in the open: phylogeny and ecological radiation of Tyrannidae (Aves, Passeriformes). Zoologica Scripta, 37, 315 - 335." type="journal article" year="2008">Ohlson et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C355651D8717FF826182FD4753D2FB82" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF036968717FF826182FD47552EFC40" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826182FD475722FD25" bold="true" box="[198,361,731,757]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Distribution:</emphasis>
All three species are restricted to humid forest in the Andes.
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826509FD40531EFD25" box="[1101,1365,732,757]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826509FD40531EFD25" box="[1101,1365,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Nephelomyias pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a disjunct range, with populations in the Andean cloud forests (
<quantity id="4CB79B738717FF8262D9FC9E520CFCCC" box="[925,1095,770,796]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="2050.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500-2600 m</quantity>
) of
<collectingCountry id="F35876068717FF82653FFC9E52BEFCCC" box="[1147,1269,770,796]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Colombia</collectingCountry>
and northern
<collectingCountry id="F35876068717FF8261D3FCB556B0FC93" box="[151,251,809,835]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and in the yungas of
<collectingCountry id="F35876068717FF826340FCB55416FC93" box="[516,605,809,835]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
and southern
<collectingCountry id="F35876068717FF82624DFCB5550EFC93" box="[777,837,809,835]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826215FCB55218FC92" box="[849,1107,809,834]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lintoni">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826215FCB55218FC92" box="[849,1107,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Nephelomyias lintoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8265CBFCB55324FC92" box="[1167,1391,809,834]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochraceiventris">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8265CBFCB55324FC92" box="[1167,1391,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">N. ochraceiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are sandwiched between the two populations of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8263EDFCCC556EFCB9" box="[681,805,848,873]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8263EDFCCC556EFCB9" box="[681,805,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">N. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, replacing each other in the upper montane and elfin forest (
<quantity id="4CB79B738717FF8261ADFCEA57C2FC40" box="[233,393,886,912]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="2850.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="2200.0">2200-3500 m</quantity>
) north and south of the North
<collectingCountry id="F35876068717FF8263A9FCEA5568FC40" box="[749,803,886,912]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Peru</collectingCountry>
Low.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF036968717FF826182FC0153D2FB82" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826182FC0157CCFC67" bold="true" box="[198,391,925,951]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Molecular data</emphasis>
: Phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequence data from three nuclear introns of 126 species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826056FC5857DEFC0E" box="[274,405,964,990]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tyrannidae</taxonomicName>
and allies show that
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8263CEFC58557BFC0D" box="[650,816,964,989]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8263CEFC58557BFC0D" box="[650,816,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Nephelomyias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species do not belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF82651CFC5852A6FC0E" box="[1112,1261,964,990]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fluvicolinae">Fluvicolinae</taxonomicName>
, where species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8261F2FC76570CFBD3" box="[182,327,1002,1027]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiophobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8261F2FC76570CFBD3" box="[182,327,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Myiophobus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are placed (
<figureCitation id="13742A138717FF826091FC765451FBD4" box="[469,538,1002,1028]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,259,1228,1252]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,313,1203]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[217,1369,313,1204]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Simplified phylogenetic tree of Tyrannidae modified from Ohlson et al. (2008). Nodes supported by Bayesian posterior probabilities &lt;0.95 are collapsed. Clades with several genera have in most cases been condensed and are indicated by arrows at the tip of the branch. All species traditionally placed in Myiophobus are in bold type. The three species in Nephelomyias form a strongly supported clade with Myiotriccus, Pyrrhomyias and Hirundinea (Hirundineinae), whereas the other Myiophobus species belong in Fluvicolinae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191391/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B678717FF82636DFC76554FFBD4" author="Ohlson" box="[553,772,1002,1028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Ohlson, J. I., Fjeldsa, J. &amp; Ericson, P. G. P. (2008) Tyrant flycatchers coming out in the open: phylogeny and ecological radiation of Tyrannidae (Aves, Passeriformes). Zoologica Scripta, 37, 315 - 335." type="journal article" year="2008">Ohlson et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
). Instead, they group with
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF82657EFC76528DFBD3" box="[1082,1222,1002,1027]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiotriccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF82657EFC76528DFBD3" box="[1082,1222,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Myiotriccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826590FC765320FBD3" box="[1236,1387,1002,1027]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Pyrrhomyias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826590FC765320FBD3" box="[1236,1387,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Pyrrhomyias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8261D3FB8D5760FBFA" box="[151,299,1041,1066]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Hirundinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8261D3FB8D5760FBFA" box="[151,299,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Hirundinea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, forming the small clade Hirundineinae that constitutes an independent deep lineage in
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8261D3FBA45754FB82" box="[151,287,1080,1106]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tyrannidae</taxonomicName>
. The relationship of this clade to
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8263E0FBA45568FB82" box="[676,803,1080,1106]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Elaeniinae">Elaeniinae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF82626AFBA455FAFB82" box="[814,945,1080,1106]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tyranninae">Tyranninae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF8262AEFBA45237FB82" box="[1002,1148,1080,1106]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Fluvicolinae">Fluvicolinae</taxonomicName>
is currently unresolved.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C355651D8717FF826182FBC256A6FB16" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF036968717FF826182FBC256A6FB16" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826182FBC25706FBA8" bold="true" box="[198,333,1118,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Etymology</emphasis>
: The genus name
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF82637EFBC354ABFBA8" box="[570,736,1119,1144]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Nephelomyias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF82637EFBC354ABFBA8" box="[570,736,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Nephelomyias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from Gr.
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D158717FF826229FBC35586FBA8" box="[877,973,1119,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Nephele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF826229FBC35586FBA8" box="[877,973,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">Nephéle</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
=cloud, mod. L.
<emphasis id="B93BEA848717FF8265E6FBC352ADFBA8" box="[1186,1254,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="39">myias</emphasis>
= a flycatcher) highlights the restricted Andean cloud forest canopy habitat of all three species. The name is masculine in gender.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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