383 lines
50 KiB
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383 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="D2A8EBCD13DEA08B7597B35591E14ADB" ID-CLB-Dataset="24900" ID-DOI="10.1093/isd/ixz015" ID-GBIF-Dataset="56172c62-3e7c-4ab7-83d4-1dd9f5c57eb5" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542130" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1573763013583" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hita-Garcia, Francisco, Lieberman, Ziv, Audisio, Tracy L., Liu, Cong & Economo, Evan P." docDate="2019" docId="03D9AC4AE567FF8DFCC4FE78BAF0018A" docLanguage="en" docName="insectSystematicsDiversity.ixz015.pdf" docOrigin="Insect Systematics and Diversity 5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:20C34595BA01015AC07A3B955E96DF74.8:InsectSystDivers.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="20C34595BA01015AC07A3B955E96DF74" docStyleName="InsectSystDivers.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Discothyrea kalypso Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo 2019, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFE0D432E555FFBBFFF6FF95BB120352" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Highly Specialized Ant Genus Discothyrea (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropics with X-Ray Microtomography and 3 D Cybertaxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698765580234" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BAB2E3C7EF90847B8BF299C01456CA32">Revision of the Highly Specialized Ant Genus Discothyrea (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropics with X-Ray Microtomography and 3 D Cybertaxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="424C7503A871739C87A2DEB1F86242D8">Hita-Garcia, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="82D8EF06AFB97DA041B579FA946AC469">Lieberman, Ziv</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="80E7BBABD25C11F0E0A80C4915FF09CB">Audisio, Tracy L.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE567FF89FCC4FE78BE210156" authority="Hita Garcia & Lieberman" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[818,1331,493,516]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalypso" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FCC4FE78BF040156" box="[818,1046,493,516]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Discothyrea kalypso</emphasis>
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Hita Garcia & Lieberman
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(
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,
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E567FF89FB5BFD85BFC30175" box="[1197,1233,528,551]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the posterior propodeum in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542156" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542156/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">11K</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E567FF89FB17FD85BE1E0175" box="[1249,1292,528,551]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the petiole and gaster in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542158/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">12K</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E567FF89FAEFFD85BE500175" box="[1305,1346,528,551]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1419]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 14. Diagnostic plate showing differences in body pilosity. (A) D. mixta (CASENT0235473),(B) D. oculata (CASENT0235467),(C) D. aisnetu (CASENT0235475), (D) D.athene (CASENT0235476),(E) D.chimera (CASENT0235471),(F) D.damato (CASENT0247362),(G) D.dryad (CASENT0247371),(H) D.gaia (CASENT0247040), (I) D. gryphon (CASENT0247367), (J) D. hawkesi (CASENT0235470), (K) D. kalypso (CASENT0235468), (L) D. maia (CASENT0790541), (M) D. michelae (CASENT0235469), (N) D. patrizii (CASENT0235472), (O) D. penthos (CASENT0247383), (P) D. poweri (SAM-ENT-0011509), (Q) D. schulzei (CASENT0247370), (R) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122), (S) D. venus (CASENT0247017), (T) D. wakanda (CASENT0790326).With the exception of F, L, R,T, all other images are from https://www.antweb.org—photographers Michele Esposito and Will Ericson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542162/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">14K</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E567FF89FAA6FD85BE790175" box="[1360,1387,528,551]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="50.[146,173,1890,1907]" captionTargetBox="[147,768,975,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[147,768,975,1854]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Fig. 39. Stacked digital color images of D. kalypso sp. n. holotype (CASENT0235468—from https://www.antweb.org, photographerWill Ericson). (A) body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542212/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">39</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E567FF89FCC4FDA5B85F0115" box="[818,845,560,583]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[146,173,1782,1799]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[202,1386,147,1747]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 40. Still images from shaded surface display volume renderings of D. kalypso sp. n. holotype (CASENT0235468) showing virtually segmented body parts. (A) Body in dorsal view, (B) body in profile, (C) head in full-face view, (D) head in dorsal view, (E) head in anterodorsal view, (F) head in anterior view, (G) head in profile, (H) head in ventral view, (I) posterior propodeum in posterior view, (J) petiole in profile, (K) petiole and gaster in profile, (L) petiole in dorsal view, (M) petiole in anterior view, (N) petiole oblique anterior view, (O) gaster in dorsal view, (P) petiole in ventral view, (Q) abdominal sternite 3 in ventral view, (R) mesotibia and mesotarsus in anterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542214/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">40</figureCitation>
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; Supp Video S11 [online only])
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, pinned worker,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB8726E567FF89FA9DFDE5B87901F2" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Mafia Island</collectingMunicipality>
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||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E567FF89FB4CFD1BBFF801F3" box="[1210,1258,654,673]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE567FF89FB4CFD1BBFF801F3" box="[1210,1258,654,673]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, primary forest, leaf litter,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE567FF89FC9CFD3EB8FC01EC" box="[874,1006,683,702]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2008-03-09" valueMax="2008-03-13" valueMin="2008-03-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E567FF89FC9CFD3EB8FC01EC" box="[874,1006,683,702]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2008-03-09" valueMax="2008-03-13" valueMin="2008-03-09">9.–13.III.2008</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FC09FD3EBE5401EF" box="[1023,1350,683,702]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE567FF89FC09FD3EBF7101EC" box="[1023,1123,683,702]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. Hawkes</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE567FF89FB99FD3EBFDC01EC" box="[1135,1230,683,702]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Y. Mlacha</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE567FF89FB03FD3EBE5401EF" box="[1269,1350,683,701]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">F. Ninga</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E567FF89FAABFD3EBE8D01EC" box="[1373,1439,683,702]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD6B527E567FF89FCC4FD5DB8CD0189" box="[818,991,712,731]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="Museum">CASENT0235468</specimenCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE567FF89FCC4FC90BF100773" blockId="50.[818,1442,773,1057]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FCC4FC90B88A004A" box="[818,920,773,792]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cybertype.</emphasis>
|
||
Volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), 3D rotation video, still images of surface volume rendering, and 3D surface (in PLY format) of the physical
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE567FF89FBB5FCD5BF860001" box="[1091,1172,832,851]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(CASENT0235468) in addition to stacked digital color images illustrating head in full-face view, profile and dorsal views of the body. The data are deposited at Dryad (Hita Garcia et al. 2019, http://doi.org/10.5061/ dryad.3qm4183) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the type. In addition to the cybertype data at Dryad, we also provide a freely accessible 3D surface model of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE567FF89FACEFC65BE9B0751" box="[1336,1417,1008,1027]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
at Sketchfab (Model 11).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E567FF89FCC4FBC6BF4C0603" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE567FF89FCC4FBC6B89E0734" blockId="50.[818,1442,1107,1361]" box="[818,908,1107,1126]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E567FF89FCC4FBC6B89E0734" bold="true" box="[818,908,1107,1126]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FCC4FBC6B89E0734" bold="true" box="[818,908,1107,1126]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE567FF89FCC4FBE5BF4C0603" blockId="50.[818,1442,1107,1361]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
The following character combination distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE567FF89FAC3FBE4BEB007D1" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[1333,1442,1136,1155]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalypso">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FAC3FBE4BEB007D1" box="[1333,1442,1136,1155]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">D. kalypso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the remainder of the complex: eyes absent; frontal lamella disciform in profile, without conspicuous, round basal fenestra; mesosoma low, gracile (LMI 42; DMI2 81), not dorsally convex in profile; propodeum denticulate, denticles short and somewhat blunt; mesotibia without distinct ventral spur; abdominal sternite 3 rectangular in profile, ventral margin straight; erect pilosity absent from mesosoma and abdominal terga.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E567FF8FFCC4FA1DBA3A0651" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE567FF89FCC4FA1DBFA706C9" blockId="50.[818,1442,1416,1553]" box="[818,1205,1416,1435]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E567FF89FCC4FA1DBFA706C9" bold="true" box="[818,1205,1416,1435]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FCC4FA1DBFA706C9" bold="true" box="[818,1205,1416,1435]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Worker Measurements and Indices (
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FB8BFA1DBF9B06C9" bold="true" box="[1149,1161,1416,1435]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE567FF89FCC4FA33BEB006EB" blockId="50.[818,1442,1416,1553]" box="[818,1442,1445,1465]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E567FF89FCC4FA33BEB006EB" allCaps="true" box="[818,1442,1445,1465]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="4" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="5">
|
||
EL 0.00; HL 0.45; HW 0.35; SL 0.23;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE567FF89FB58FA33BFDE06EB" box="[1198,1228,1446,1465]" name="Philippines" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.19; PW 0.28; DML
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE567FF89FCC4FA56BF950543" blockId="50.[818,1442,1416,1553]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">0.30; PrH 0.22; WL 0.45; HFL 0.24; PeL 0.05; PeW 0.16; PeH 0.15; LT3 0.28; LT4 0.26; OI 0; CI 78; SI 51; LMI 42; DMI 62; DMI2 81; ASI 86; HFI 53; DPeI 320; LPeI 300.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE567FF89FCC4F9DBB8F50532" blockId="50.[818,1442,1613,1956]" box="[818,999,1613,1633]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E567FF89FCC4F9DBB8F50532" bold="true" box="[818,999,1613,1633]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FCC4F9DBB8F50532" bold="true" box="[818,999,1613,1633]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Worker Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE567FF8FFCC4F9FEBBCF02C1" blockId="50.[818,1442,1613,1956]" lastBlockId="52.[146,771,149,1342]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FCC4F9FEB870052C" box="[818,866,1643,1662]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Head</emphasis>
|
||
somewhat elongate (CI 78), posterior head margin straight to weakly concave; posterodorsal corners of head rounded; in frontal view, sides of head gently convex; anterolateral corners of gena relatively well-defined; eyes absent; frontal lamella low and disciform in profile, without distinct apex, with conspicuous, elliptical basal fenestra; medial clypeus very narrow, anteromedially projecting, slightly emarginate apically, lateral clypeus broadly curving between antennal sockets and anterolateral corners of head, bearing very short curved setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FC9FF8C3B8A7043B" box="[873,949,1878,1897]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
with relatively shorter scape (SI 54), scape moderately incrassate, gently bent; pedicel campaniform, slightly longer than broad; true antennomere count nine; apparent antennomere count nine; flagellomeres basad apical club highly compressed, taken together only about as long as apical club.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFE4CFF26B9380394" box="[442,554,179,198]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Ventral head</emphasis>
|
||
with narrow, horizontal postoccipital ridge with very short, roughly triangular anteromedian prolongation; median region of hypostoma rounded, arms narrowed, somewhat spatulate apicolaterally; palpal formula not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFF64FEBDBBF50269" box="[146,231,296,315]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mandible</emphasis>
|
||
edentate except for well-defined, triangular prebasal denticle; basal angle squared; ectal face of mandible with carina running from baswal angle to apex, confluent with margin distal to prebasal denticle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F4DD4E567FF89FF64F8F7B9D204F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542212" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542212/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" startId="50.[146,173,1890,1907]" targetBox="[147,768,975,1854]" targetPageId="50">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE567FF89FF64F8F7B9D204F7" blockId="50.[146,772,1890,1957]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FF64F8F7BBC40421" bold="true" box="[146,214,1890,1907]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 39.</emphasis>
|
||
Stacked digital color images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE567FF89FDFDF8F7B97A0421" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[523,616,1890,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalypso" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE567FF89FDFDF8F7B97A0421" box="[523,616,1890,1907]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">D. kalypso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E567FF89FD81F8F7B9BF0421" box="[631,685,1890,1907]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype (CASENT0235468—from https://www.antweb.org, photographerWill Ericson). (A) body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F4DD4E566FF88FF64F963BAE4043F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542214" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542214/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" startId="51.[146,173,1782,1799]" targetBox="[202,1386,147,1747]" targetPageId="51">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE566FF88FF64F963BAE4043F" blockId="51.[146,1444,1782,1901]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE566FF88FF64F963BBDC0455" bold="true" box="[146,206,1782,1799]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 40.</emphasis>
|
||
Still images from shaded surface display volume renderings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE566FF88FD29F963B8260455" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[735,820,1782,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalypso" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE566FF88FD29F963B8260455" box="[735,820,1782,1799]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">D. kalypso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E566FF88FCCFF963B8750455" box="[825,871,1782,1799]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype (CASENT0235468) showing virtually segmented body parts. (A) Body in dorsal view, (B) body in profile, (C) head in full-face view, (D) head in dorsal view, (E) head in anterodorsal view, (F) head in anterior view, (G) head in profile, (H) head in ventral view, (I) posterior propodeum in posterior view, (J) petiole in profile, (K) petiole and gaster in profile, (L) petiole in dorsal view, (M) petiole in anterior view, (N) petiole oblique anterior view, (O) gaster in dorsal view, (P) petiole in ventral view, (Q) abdominal sternite 3 in ventral view, (R) mesotibia and mesotarsus in anterior view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFF44FE0BBAED01EA" blockId="52.[146,771,149,1342]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFF44FE0BBA0602E2" box="[178,276,414,432]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
gracile, sloping posteroventrally, pronotum slightly higher than propodeum; in dorsal view mesosoma conspicuously slender and elongate (DMI 54; DMI2 81), pronotum not significantly wider than propodeum; pronotal humeri slightly rounded; posterior propodeal margin concave; posterodorsal corners of propodeum denticulate, denticles distinct but very short, laterally flattened, slightly diverging posterolaterally; declivitous face of propodeum distinctly concave in profile and oblique posterior view; propodeal spiracle small and very inconspicuous, directed posterodorsally; propodeal lobes well-developed, lobate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFF44FD56BA2601A6" blockId="52.[146,771,149,1342]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFF44FD56BBCF0187" box="[178,221,707,725]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
short (HFI 53) and rather slender; mesotibia without distinct ventral spur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFF44FD68BA58008C" blockId="52.[146,771,149,1342]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFF44FD68BA210042" box="[178,307,765,784]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Petiolar node</emphasis>
|
||
strongly attenuated dorsally, about 3.0 times higher than long (LPeI 300); in profile anterior face of node sloping posterodorsally, apex peaked, posterior face sloping posteroventrally; in dorsal view, petiole rectangular, about 3.2 times wider than long (DPeI 320), sides slightly convex; in anterior view, petiolar outline pentagonal, edges well-defined, angles somewhat rounded; in oblique anterior view, anterior face flat; subpetiolar process broad, lobate, apex rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFF44FC7DBA3A0651" blockId="52.[146,771,149,1342]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFF44FC7DBA9600A9" box="[178,388,1000,1019]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Abdominal segment 3</emphasis>
|
||
with tergite elongate-campaniform, anteriorly prolonged slightly over petiole, widest posteriorly; sternite subquadrate, in profile anterior and ventral faces flat, posterior face sloping slightly posterodorsally; prora well-defined, laterally with two triangular projections, medially straight;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE561FF8FFDC7FBCBB95C0723" box="[561,590,1118,1137]" name="American Samoa" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3 with large median ridge extending anteriorly to prora; AT3 weakly longer than AT4 (ASI 86); AT4 slightly prolate hemidemispherical;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE561FF8FFDABFB0DB96A07F9" box="[605,632,1176,1195]" name="American Samoa" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
4 with anterior overlapping about median one-third of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE561FF8FFE0EFB23B904079B" box="[504,534,1206,1225]" name="American Samoa" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3, anterior margin straight in ventral view; successive abdominal segments short, telescopic, often concealed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E561FF8FFF44FA98BA0004F1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFF44FA98BA0004F1" blockId="52.[146,771,149,1342]" lastBlockId="52.[146,772,1862,1955]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFF44FA98BA1B0672" box="[178,265,1293,1312]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Sculpture</emphasis>
|
||
on head, mesosoma, and abdominal segment 3 foveolate-reticulate, foveolae becoming smaller on front of head
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFF64F8D3BBCD0405" bold="true" box="[146,223,1862,1879]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Model 11.</emphasis>
|
||
3D surface model of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE561FF8FFE67F8D3BAF40405" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[401,486,1862,1879]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalypso" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFE67F8D3BAF40405" box="[401,486,1862,1879]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">D. kalypso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E561FF8FFE1DF8D3B90A0405" box="[491,536,1862,1879]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE561FF8FFDEDF8D3B9710405" box="[539,611,1862,1879]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(CASENT0235468). An interactive version of this model is available in the HTML version of this article online and at https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/2ae729d691ae4faa96b e3ce6e27b19c3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E561FF8FFCC4FF00BFDE0111" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFCC4FF00BF2503B1" blockId="52.[818,1442,149,579]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">and more dilute on lateral mesosoma; mandible with fine piligerous punctulae with fairly shiny interspaces; AT4 coriarious-punctulate, somewhat shinier than AT3.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFCA4FF7BBF3D0174" blockId="52.[818,1442,149,579]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFCA4FF7BB88F0253" box="[850,925,238,257]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Setation</emphasis>
|
||
on head very dilute, short appressed pubescence, appearing glabrous at lower magnification; scape with velvety appressed pubescence; mesosoma and AT3 with short, dilute appressed pubescence almost entirely restricted to dorsal surfaces; AT4 with slightly longer but still inconspicuous appressed pubescence; successive abdominal segments with relatively short, mostly decumbent or subdecumbent setae, a few longer and more erect setae present on posterior segmental margins; legs with velvety appressed pubescence, similar to that on scape; ectal face of mandible with relatively long but fine appressed to decumbent setae; masticatory margin with row of straight, stout setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFCA4FDA5BFDE0111" blockId="52.[818,1442,149,579]" box="[850,1228,560,579]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFCA4FDA5B8950111" box="[850,903,560,579]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Color</emphasis>
|
||
uniformly dull but clear yellowish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E561FF8FFCC4FDE5BE7201AB" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFCC4FDE5B88701D1" blockId="52.[818,1442,624,761]" box="[818,917,624,643]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E561FF8FFCC4FDE5B88701D1" bold="true" box="[818,917,624,643]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFCC4FDE5B88701D1" bold="true" box="[818,917,624,643]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFCC4FD18BE7201AB" blockId="52.[818,1442,624,761]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Kalypso was a nymph in Greek mythology who lived on a secluded island, best known from Homer’s epos ‘The Odyssey’. The species is named in reference to the isolated
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE561FF8FFB78FD5CBFA7018E" box="[1166,1205,713,732]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality on Mafia Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE561FF8FFCC4FD70B89A01AA" box="[818,904,741,760]" name="Tanzania" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The specific epithet is given as an appositive noun.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E561FF8FFCC4FCB0BE3600C3" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFCC4FCB0BF0A006A" blockId="52.[818,1442,805,913]" box="[818,1048,805,825]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E561FF8FFCC4FCB0BF0A006A" bold="true" box="[818,1048,805,825]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFCC4FCB0BF0A006A" bold="true" box="[818,1048,805,825]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Distribution and Biology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFCC4FCD6BE3600C3" blockId="52.[818,1442,805,913]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
At present known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE561FF8FFB9FFCD6BF820004" box="[1129,1168,835,854]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, the Mlola Forest on Mafia Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE561FF8FFC59FCF5BF100021" box="[943,1026,864,883]" name="Tanzania" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B01D9E561FF8FFBF9FCF5BF400021" box="[1039,1106,864,883]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[146,173,1283,1300]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1247]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,147,1248]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Discothyrea species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542140/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 4K</figureCitation>
|
||
). It was collected from leaf litter in a primary coastal forest habitat at an elevation of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D76D6D5E561FF8FFB18FCEBBE3600C3" box="[1262,1316,894,913]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E561FF8FFB18FCEBBE3300C3" box="[1262,1313,894,913]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F4DD4E561FF8FFCC4F8F7B8B704F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542216" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542216/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" startId="52.[818,845,1890,1907]" targetBox="[819,1440,975,1854]" targetPageId="52">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE561FF8FFCC4F8F7B8B704F7" blockId="52.[818,1442,1890,1957]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFCC4F8F7B86A0421" bold="true" box="[818,888,1890,1907]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 41.</emphasis>
|
||
Stacked digital color images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE561FF8FFB4EF8F7BE130421" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[1208,1281,1890,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE561FF8FFB4EF8F7BE130421" box="[1208,1281,1890,1907]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">D. maia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E561FF8FFAE4F8F7BE580421" box="[1298,1354,1890,1907]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype (CASENT0790541). (A) Body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F4DD4E560FF8EFF64F963BAE4043F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542218" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542218/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" startId="53.[146,173,1782,1799]" targetBox="[202,1386,147,1747]" targetPageId="53">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE560FF8EFF64F963BAE4043F" blockId="53.[146,1444,1782,1901]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE560FF8EFF64F963BBDD0455" bold="true" box="[146,207,1782,1799]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 42.</emphasis>
|
||
Still images from shaded surface display volume renderings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE560FF8EFD1CF963B8380455" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[746,810,1782,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE560FF8EFD1CF963B8380455" box="[746,810,1782,1799]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">D. maia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E560FF8EFCC6F963B84D0455" box="[816,863,1782,1799]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype (CASENT0790541) showing virtually segmented body parts. (A) Body in dorsal view, (B) body in profile, (C) head in full-face view, (D) head in dorsal view, (E) head in anterodorsal view, (F) head in anterior view, (G) head in profile, (H) head in ventral view, (I) posterior propodeum in posterior view, (J) petiole in profile, (K) petiole and gaster in profile, (L) petiole in dorsal view, (M) petiole in anterior view, (N) petiole oblique anterior view, (O) gaster in dorsal view, (P) petiole in ventral view, (Q) abdominal sternite 3 in ventral view, (R) mesotibia and mesotarsus in anterior view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E563FF8DFF64FF00BAF0018A" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE563FF8DFF64FF00BBE403FA" blockId="54.[146,770,149,608]" box="[146,246,149,168]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E563FF8DFF64FF00BBE403FA" bold="true" box="[146,246,149,168]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE563FF8DFF64FF00BBE403FA" bold="true" box="[146,246,149,168]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE563FF8DFF64FF26BAB20132" blockId="54.[146,770,149,608]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
The only other species known from Mafia Island is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE563FF8DFD73FF26B9C80397" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1958" box="[645,730,179,197]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mixta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE563FF8DFD73FF26B9C80397" box="[645,730,179,197]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. mixta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but both belong to different species complexes and cannot be confused with each other. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE563FF8DFE45FF7BB90B0252" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[435,537,237,256]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalypso">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE563FF8DFE45FF7BB90B0252" box="[435,537,237,256]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. kalypso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is moderately similar to
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE563FF8DFF64FE9EBBF4024F" box="[146,230,267,285]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE563FF8DFF64FE9EBBF0024F" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[146,226,267,285]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maia">D. maia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from which it can be distinguished most readily by the proportions of the mesosoma and development of the propodeal denticles and declivity, and the characters of the third abdominal sternite, which has a more strongly developed median ridge and a characteristically shaped prora. Additional differences are shorter appendages and overall smaller size, and the evenly rounded profile of the frontal lamella which has (indistinct) faces in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE563FF8DFD59FE2EB9EF029F" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[687,765,443,461]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE563FF8DFD59FE2EB9EF029F" box="[687,765,443,461]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. maia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although both species are known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE563FF8DFDBCFE4DB98E02B9" box="[586,668,472,491]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, the ranges are entirely disjunct and widely separated.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE563FF8DFDDAFE60B9F9015A" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[556,747,501,520]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalypso">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE563FF8DFDDAFE60B9F9015A" box="[556,747,501,520]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Discothyrea kalypso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also quite similar in general habitus to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE563FF8DFDF9FD86B9920174" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[527,640,531,550]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="michelae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE563FF8DFDF9FD86B9920174" box="[527,640,531,550]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. michelae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being rather slender and gracile, but lacks the characteristic petiolar shape and standing pilosity of the latter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE563FF8DFF64FD1EBBFA01CC" blockId="54.[146,770,651,728]" box="[146,232,651,670]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E563FF8DFF64FD1EBBFA01CC" bold="true" box="[146,232,651,670]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE563FF8DFF64FD1EBBFA01CC" bold="true" box="[146,232,651,670]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE563FF8DFF64FD3DBAF0018A" blockId="54.[146,770,651,728]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Since
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE563FF8DFF31FD3CBA3901E9" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,299,680,699]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalypso">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE563FF8DFF31FD3CBA3901E9" box="[199,299,680,699]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D. kalypso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE563FF8DFDF8FD3DB97201E9" box="[526,608,680,699]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, there is no information about intraspecific variation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |