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<document id="59BD8DBFDBFA8EB34B07F0AFBD9A3DB2" ID-CLB-Dataset="20049" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a0421c84-a047-4499-b92f-52cab23d6e79" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392907" ID-ZooBank="58CAB25D-CA92-44EE-BF1D-67DB91EB9596" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1648538015601" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martins, Luciana &amp; Tavares, Marcos" docDate="2022" docId="03B887C14B088134BEE16DAFFB0F97E7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5120.4.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5120 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phyllophorella robusta" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="563" masterDocId="FF81FFB94B0B8130BE766D38FFB09611" masterDocTitle="Additions to the morphology of the Phyllophoridae and the Sclerodactylidae. I. Type species of Phyllophorella, Selenkiella, Cladolella and Clarkiella, with the description a new species of Thorsonia (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)" masterLastPageNumber="572" masterPageNumber="559" pageNumber="562" updateTime="1699318708264" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="69240D1391B2B8FF0180D172BDB0AF86">Additions to the morphology of the Phyllophoridae and the Sclerodactylidae. I. Type species of Phyllophorella, Selenkiella, Cladolella and Clarkiella, with the description a new species of Thorsonia (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="32419EC598237ACF788A25C337D29B56">Martins, Luciana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8DFD29D9E7D5B8A401067875C43F170D">Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, 04263 - 000, Brazil. &amp; martinsrluciana @ gmail. com, mdst @ usp. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8107 - 3265</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1E7C10CD1F184EA4256DD94C2712F4F5">Tavares, Marcos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B3C616F2ACD8DB1E1823705511F47E4">Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, 04263 - 000, Brazil. &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7186 - 5787</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B088133BEE16DAFFD4C96A0" ID-CoL="4H9QY" authority="(Heding &amp; Panning, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="Heding &amp; Panning" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[151,764,151,178]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyllophorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BEE16DAFFD4C96A0" bold="true" box="[151,764,151,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BEE16DAFFE1D96A3" bold="true" box="[151,429,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Phyllophorella robusta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B088133BFCA6DAFFD4496A0" author="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A." box="[444,756,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" pagination="7 - 209" refId="ref5809" refString="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae: eine Bearbeitung der Polytentaculaten Dendrochiroten Holothurien des Zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 7 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding &amp; Panning, 1954</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B088133BEE16D83FE9E96C4" blockId="3.[151,764,151,213]" box="[151,302,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">
(
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BEE96D83FE9796C4" box="[159,295,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1663,1687]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1607,1631]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetId-0="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId-1="figure-410@3.[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetId-2="figure-300@4.[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). μCT volume rendering of cal- careous ring (ac) outer view, (d) oblique view, (e) inner view, (f) transverse cross-section at the top region. Unlabeled arrows in (e) point to groove for water vascular system canals. Abbreviations: AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; IR, interradial plate; LMA, longitudinal muscle attachment; midIR, mid-dorsal interradial plate; midR, mid-ventral radial plate; R, radial plate; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (18891892)." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954) (ZMUC-HOL 249). Ossicles from body wall (ab) table in (a) top and (b) bottom view; (c) rosettes from introvert; (de) rods from tentacles; (fh) plates and (i) end plate from tube feet." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392913" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392916" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6392913/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6392916/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">
Figures 2
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4
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)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0111F94B088133BEE16DC1FC7B9700" box="[151,971,249,273]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010C64B088133BEE16DC1FC3C9700" author="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A." box="[151,908,249,273]" page="156" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" year="1954">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B088133BEE16DC1FC3C9700" ID-CoL="4H9RM" authority="Heding &amp; Panning, 1954: 155 - 156" authorityName="Heding &amp; Panning" authorityPageNumber="155 - 156" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,908,249,273]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyllophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="robusta" subGenus="Phyllophorella">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BEE16DC1FE909700" box="[151,288,249,273]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Phyllophorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BF586DC1FE759700" box="[302,453,249,273]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Phyllophorella</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BFA26DC1FD909700" box="[468,544,249,273]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">robusta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B088133BC516DC1FC3C9700" author="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A." box="[551,908,249,273]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" pagination="7 - 209" refId="ref5809" refString="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae: eine Bearbeitung der Polytentaculaten Dendrochiroten Holothurien des Zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 7 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">
Heding &amp; Panning, 1954: 155
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156
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, pl.68
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B088133BEE16C20FECE9721" ID-CoL="4H9QY" baseAuthorityName="Heding &amp; Panning" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[151,382,280,304]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyllophorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="robusta">Phyllophorella robusta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB010C64B088133BFEE6C20FD05973E" author="O'Loughlin, P. M. &amp; Shari, B. &amp; Van Den Spiegel, D." box="[408,693,279,304]" page="269" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B088133BFEE6C20FD05973E" author="O'Loughlin, P. M. &amp; Shari, B. &amp; Van Den Spiegel, D." box="[408,693,279,304]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" pagination="269 - 308" refId="ref6142" refString="O'Loughlin, P. M., Shari, B. &amp; Van Den Spiegel, D. (2012) The phyllophorid sea cucumbers of southern Australia (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida: Phyllophoridae). Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 69, 269 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2012.69.05" type="journal article" year="2012">
OLoughlin
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BC606C20FDF99721" box="[534,585,280,304]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">et al.</emphasis>
2012: 269
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<subSubSection id="C30B655C4B088133BEE16C6FFBEC9787" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BEE16C6FFE329760" bold="true" box="[151,386,343,369]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B793C8A4B088133BFFC6C6FFEC59784" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744207309" collectingDate="1900-02-01" collectionCode="ZMUC" country="Thailand" elevation="10" location="Seemeilen Ostlich Koh Chuen" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" specimenCode="HOL 249" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54AA88754B088133BFFC6C6FFE469760" box="[394,502,343,369]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. 15
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,
<collectingCountry id="F30676474B088133BDF86C6FFC7A9760" box="[910,970,343,369]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Siam</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30676474B088133BDA16C6FFB8D9760" box="[983,1085,343,369]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
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,
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1.ii.
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, 25 mm length (
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<specimenCode id="DBB79EAC4B088133BE886C43FEDD9784" box="[254,365,379,405]" collectionCode="ZMUC" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">HOL 249</specimenCode>
)
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.
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Slides
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20056362;
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IE-20056361
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.
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<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BEB16CA7FEC597A8" bold="true" box="[199,373,415,441]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Redescription.</emphasis>
Body curved; tube feet scattered throughout body (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BDD86CA7FC4F97A8" box="[942,1023,415,441]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
). Color in ethanol, gray. 20 Dendritic tentacles arranged in 2 circles (15 + 5),
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outer circle and
<quantity id="4CE99B324B088133BD396CFBFCCB97CC" box="[847,891,451,478]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
inner circle. Anal papillae present. Longitudinal and circular muscles well developed (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BC366CDFFD249413" box="[576,660,487,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
). Longitudinal muscles split at anterior end (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BAFA6CDFFB509413" box="[1164,1248,487,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
). Retractor muscles short, attached to the middle of radial plate (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BCC76F33FCB49437" box="[689,772,523,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
). Stone canal single, short, attached to globular madreporite (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BED66F17FF429458" box="[160,242,559,585]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
). Single Polian vesicle (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BC766F17FDE29458" box="[512,594,559,585]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B088133BEB16F6BFE319557" blockId="3.[151,1437,343,838]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">
Calcareous ring robust. Radial plates slightly taller, much larger than interradial ones. Interradial plate articulated with both, base of radial plate and first piece of posterior process, such that half of the interradial plate is connected to the posterior process (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BC3F6FA3FD2E94A7" box="[585,670,667,694]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
). MidIR (IR5), midR (RI) not modified (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BA006FA3FB4294A7" box="[1142,1266,667,694]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-410@3.[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). μCT volume rendering of cal- careous ring (ac) outer view, (d) oblique view, (e) inner view, (f) transverse cross-section at the top region. Unlabeled arrows in (e) point to groove for water vascular system canals. Abbreviations: AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; IR, interradial plate; LMA, longitudinal muscle attachment; midIR, mid-dorsal interradial plate; midR, mid-ventral radial plate; R, radial plate; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (18891892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Figs. 3b, c</figureCitation>
). Radial plates undivided, rectangular, base convex without projection, two AP, one wider than the other (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BAD46F87FB4694C8" box="[1186,1270,703,729]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BB726F87FA9194C8" box="[1284,1313,703,729]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-410@3.[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). μCT volume rendering of cal- careous ring (ac) outer view, (d) oblique view, (e) inner view, (f) transverse cross-section at the top region. Unlabeled arrows in (e) point to groove for water vascular system canals. Abbreviations: AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; IR, interradial plate; LMA, longitudinal muscle attachment; midIR, mid-dorsal interradial plate; midR, mid-ventral radial plate; R, radial plate; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (18891892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">3a</figureCitation>
). Posterior processes longer than radial plates, subdivided into about 34 large pieces (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BD806FDBFB3594EF" box="[1014,1157,739,766]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-410@3.[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). μCT volume rendering of cal- careous ring (ac) outer view, (d) oblique view, (e) inner view, (f) transverse cross-section at the top region. Unlabeled arrows in (e) point to groove for water vascular system canals. Abbreviations: AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; IR, interradial plate; LMA, longitudinal muscle attachment; midIR, mid-dorsal interradial plate; midR, mid-ventral radial plate; R, radial plate; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (18891892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Figure 3b, e</figureCitation>
). Interradial plates elongated, base slightly concave, anterior end pointed (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BCAC6E3FFC9D9530" box="[730,813,775,801]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BD4D6E3FFCCE9533" box="[827,894,775,802]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-410@3.[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). μCT volume rendering of cal- careous ring (ac) outer view, (d) oblique view, (e) inner view, (f) transverse cross-section at the top region. Unlabeled arrows in (e) point to groove for water vascular system canals. Abbreviations: AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; IR, interradial plate; LMA, longitudinal muscle attachment; midIR, mid-dorsal interradial plate; midR, mid-ventral radial plate; R, radial plate; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (18891892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">3 b, c</figureCitation>
). Marginal grooves for AB deep (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BA896E3FFAE39530" box="[1279,1363,775,801]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-410@3.[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). μCT volume rendering of cal- careous ring (ac) outer view, (d) oblique view, (e) inner view, (f) transverse cross-section at the top region. Unlabeled arrows in (e) point to groove for water vascular system canals. Abbreviations: AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; IR, interradial plate; LMA, longitudinal muscle attachment; midIR, mid-dorsal interradial plate; midR, mid-ventral radial plate; R, radial plate; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (18891892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 3e</figureCitation>
). TCT rectangular (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BF526E13FEC49557" box="[292,372,811,838]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-410@3.[151,1436,884,1640]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). μCT volume rendering of cal- careous ring (ac) outer view, (d) oblique view, (e) inner view, (f) transverse cross-section at the top region. Unlabeled arrows in (e) point to groove for water vascular system canals. Abbreviations: AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; IR, interradial plate; LMA, longitudinal muscle attachment; midIR, mid-dorsal interradial plate; midR, mid-ventral radial plate; R, radial plate; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. Plate identity follows the system established by Ludwig (18891892)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 3f</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E665F4B088133BEE16B47FB7A9139" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392913" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" startId="3.[151,250,1663,1687]" targetBox="[151,1436,884,1640]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B088133BEE16B47FB7A9139" blockId="3.[151,1436,1663,1832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BEE16B47FEA49086" bold="true" box="[151,276,1663,1687]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D544B088133BF6A6BB8FC939086" authority="(Heding &amp; Panning, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="Heding &amp; Panning" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[284,803,1663,1688]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Phyllophorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B088133BF6A6BB8FDB79089" box="[284,519,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Phyllophorella robusta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B088133BC616BB8FCAC9086" author="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A." box="[535,796,1663,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" pagination="7 - 209" refId="ref5809" refString="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae: eine Bearbeitung der Polytentaculaten Dendrochiroten Holothurien des Zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 7 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding &amp; Panning, 1954</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). μCT volume rendering of calcareous ring (ac) outer view, (d) oblique view, (e) inner view, (f) transverse cross-section at the top region. Unlabeled arrows in (e) point to groove for water vascular system canals. Abbreviations: AB, aquapharyngeal bulb attachment; IR, interradial plate; LMA, longitudinal muscle attachment; midIR, mid-dorsal interradial plate; midR, mid-ventral radial plate; R, radial plate; RMA, retractor muscle attachment. Plate identity follows the system established by
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B088133BD9D6A28FBCC9139" author="Ludwig, H." box="[1003,1148,1808,1832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="562" pagination="377 - 460" refId="ref5943" refString="Ludwig, H. (1889 - 1892) Die Seewalzen. In: Bronn HG (Ed.), Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs, wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild, vol. 2, Part 3: Echinodermen (Stachelhauter), First book. Leipzig: C. F. Winter. [1889: 1 - 176, pls. 1 - 8; 1890: 177 - 240, pls. 9 - 12; 1891: 241 - 376, pls. 13 - 17; 1892: 377 - 460]" type="journal article" year="1889">Ludwig (1889</bibRefCitation>
1892).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B088134BEB16A42FAF096C7" blockId="3.[151,1437,1914,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,502]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="563" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">
Body wall tables four-pillared with circular disc (80100 μm long;
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BDC76A42FBA69184" box="[945,1046,1914,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1607,1631]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954) (ZMUC-HOL 249). Ossicles from body wall (ab) table in (a) top and (b) bottom view; (c) rosettes from introvert; (de) rods from tentacles; (fh) plates and (i) end plate from tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392916/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig.4 a,b</figureCitation>
); with one large central hole, eight marginal perforations, margin undulated; spire ending in 812 spines, borne on a squarish crown. Introvert with rosettes (3050 μm long;
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088133BFCE6AFAFDB391CC" box="[440,515,1986,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1607,1631]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954) (ZMUC-HOL 249). Ossicles from body wall (ab) table in (a) top and (b) bottom view; (c) rosettes from introvert; (de) rods from tentacles; (fh) plates and (i) end plate from tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392916/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig.4c</figureCitation>
). Tentacles with rods branched and perforated at both ends (40100 μm long;
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B088134BB066AFAFF6096A0" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1607,1631]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954) (ZMUC-HOL 249). Ossicles from body wall (ab) table in (a) top and (b) bottom view; (c) rosettes from introvert; (de) rods from tentacles; (fh) plates and (i) end plate from tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392916/files/figure.png" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="563" pageId="3" pageNumber="562">Fig. 4d, e</figureCitation>
, respectively). Tube feet with flat perforated plates, irregular margins (100200 μm long;
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0F8134BAB36DAFFA9A96A3" box="[1221,1322,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1607,1631]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954) (ZMUC-HOL 249). Ossicles from body wall (ab) table in (a) top and (b) bottom view; (c) rosettes from introvert; (de) rods from tentacles; (fh) plates and (i) end plate from tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392916/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="563">Fig.4fh</figureCitation>
); endplate with numerous small holes, much reduced in diameter medially (endplates up to 500 μm diameter;
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0F8134BA9B6D83FA8396C7" box="[1261,1331,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1607,1631]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,529,1571]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954) (ZMUC-HOL 249). Ossicles from body wall (ab) table in (a) top and (b) bottom view; (c) rosettes from introvert; (de) rods from tentacles; (fh) plates and (i) end plate from tube feet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392916/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="563">Fig.4i</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B655C4B0F8134BEB16DE7FB0F97E7" pageId="4" pageNumber="563" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAE36D74B0F8134BEB16DE7FB0F97E7" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="563">
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0F8134BEB16DE7FE8B96E8" bold="true" box="[199,315,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="563">Remarks.</emphasis>
In addition to the previously published description of the calcareous ring (
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B0F8134BA026DE7FA2096E8" author="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A." box="[1140,1424,222,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="563" pagination="7 - 209" refId="ref5809" refString="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae: eine Bearbeitung der Polytentaculaten Dendrochiroten Holothurien des Zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 7 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding &amp; Panning, 1954</bibRefCitation>
), new morphological details are provided here by means of microtomography of the aquapharyngeal bulb attachment, longitudinal muscle attachment, and retractor muscle attachment (fig 3d), as well as of the grooves in the radial plate for water vascular canals (fig 3e) and transverse cross-sections at the top region of the calcareous ring (fig 3f). It is worth noting that what was termed calcareous ring posterior projection by
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B0F8134BDB96C57FB5F9798" author="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A." box="[975,1263,366,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="563" pagination="7 - 209" refId="ref5809" refString="Heding, S. G. &amp; Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae: eine Bearbeitung der Polytentaculaten Dendrochiroten Holothurien des Zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 7 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding &amp; Panning (1954)</bibRefCitation>
is referred here as posterior process (see
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B264B0F8134BFC56CABFD3B97BC" author="Martins, L. &amp; Souto, C. &amp; Tavares, M." box="[435,651,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="563" pagination="1386 - 1403" refId="ref6043" refString="Martins, L., Souto, C. &amp; Tavares, M. (2021) Exploring the macrostructural anatomy of dendrochirotid sea cucumber's (Echinodermata) calcareous rings under micro-computed tomography and its bearing on phylogeny. Journal of Anatomy, 238, 6, 1386 - 1403. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / joa. 13385" type="journal article" year="2021">
Martins
<emphasis id="B965EAC54B0F8134BC646CABFDFC97BC" box="[530,588,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="563">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
for definitions). The opportunity of examining the
<typeStatus id="54AA88754B0F8134BAA46CABFA8497BC" box="[1234,1332,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="563" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was also taken to provide a photograph of the general aspect of the body (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0F8134BD106C8FFC0697C0" box="[870,950,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="563">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
) and describe for the first time by means of optical microscopy the morphology of the longitudinal retractor and circular muscles (
<figureCitation id="132A2A524B0F8134BA286CE3FB0297E7" box="[1118,1202,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,248,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-326@2.[151,1435,960,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phyllophorella robusta (Heding &amp; Panning, 1954), holotype (ZMUC-HOL 249). (a) specimen in lateral view; (b) muscular system and gonads; (c) Polian vesicle and madreporite and (d) photograph of the calcareous ring in outer view.Abbreviations: RM, retractor muscle, CM, circular muscle, LM, longitudinal muscle, GO, gonads, PV, Polian vesicle and M, madreporite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392911/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="563">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>