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<document id="4B79012D787A9A0173071A12DD95C3FC" ID-CLB-Dataset="27992" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4570.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="66601a1e-ba16-41b2-b182-0fd80e75ccba" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2608527" ID-ZooBank="EF369E98-EBD9-4647-B081-65AD1794A27C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553591750157" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Soto, Joan J. &amp; Peña, Álvaro L." docDate="2019" docId="03B887B7A472FFEEE983FC1DFDB79EC4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4570.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4570 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Staurotheca frigida Pena Cantero, Svoboda &amp; Vervoort 1997" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FF81FFCFA46EFFF2E914FFEFFFBB9B7E" masterDocTitle="Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Weddell Sea (Antarctica)" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698713421926" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="27CE593E41E32E02ED5CB4B059D774A5">Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Weddell Sea (Antarctica)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3DE549A84823C8B01BD7FA5960457623">Soto, Joan J.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03B887B7A472FFEEE983FC1DFDB79EC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5934939" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154497170" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5934939" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B887B7A472FFEEE983FC1DFDB79EC4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B887B7A472FFEEE983FC1DFDB79EC4" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="C30B652AA472FFEEE983FC1DFC369F72" box="[151,909,1010,1036]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A472FFEEE983FC1DFC369F72" blockId="28.[151,909,1010,1070]" box="[151,909,1010,1036]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0E681CDA472FFEEE983FC1DFC369F72" bold="true" box="[151,909,1010,1036]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D22A472FFEEE983FC1DFC369F72" authority="Pena Cantero, Svoboda &amp; Vervoort, 1997" authorityName="Pena Cantero, Svoboda &amp; Vervoort" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,909,1010,1036]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Staurotheca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frigida">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEE983FC1DFC369F72" bold="true" box="[151,909,1010,1036]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEE983FC1DFE3B9F72" bold="true" box="[151,384,1010,1036]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Staurotheca frigida</emphasis>
Peña Cantero,
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A472FFEEEB56FC1DFC369F72" author="Svoboda, A. &amp; Stepanjants, S. &amp; Smirnov, I." box="[578,909,1010,1036]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="22 - 25" refId="ref47372" refString="Svoboda, A., Stepanjants, S. &amp; Smirnov, I. (1997) Two polar Hydractinia species (Cnidaria), epibiotic on two closely related brittle stars (Echinodermata): an example for taxonomic and ecological bipolarity. In: Battaglia, B., Valencia, J. &amp; Walton, D. W. H. (Eds.), Antarctic Communities: Species, Structure and Survival. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 22 - 25" type="book chapter" year="1997">Svoboda &amp; Vervoort, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30B652AA472FFEEE983FBFAFEA89F50" box="[151,275,1045,1070]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A472FFEEE983FBFAFEA89F50" blockId="28.[151,909,1010,1070]" box="[151,275,1045,1070]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
(
<figureCitation id="132A2A24A472FFEEE98BFBFAFF5A9F50" box="[159,225,1045,1070]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[148,1423,236,1506]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[143,1428,231,1512]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 9. a Staurotheca antarctica: stem showing hydrothecal arrangement. b St. dichotoma: stem showing hydrothecal arrangement; cd St. frigida: c stem with male gonothecae; d stem with female gonotheca. e St. glomulosa: hydrotheca. f St. nonscripta: stem showing hydrothecal arrangement. gh St. pachyclada: g stem showing hydrothecal arrangement; h hydrotheca. ij St. vanhoeffeni: i colony; j stem showing hydrothecal arrangement. k St. polarsterni: stem showing hydrothecal arrangement and female gonothecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2608545/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
cd)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B652AA472FFEEE983FBB2FC419E30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A472FFEEE983FBB2FC419E30" blockId="28.[151,1436,1117,1466]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEE983FBB2FE3F9F08" bold="true" box="[151,388,1117,1142]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Material examined.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEE89AFBB1FDBE9F08" box="[398,517,1118,1142]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ANT XV/3</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEEB03FBB2FDE39F08" bold="true" box="[535,600,1117,1142]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">48-50</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEEA2BFBB1FC299F0B" box="[831,914,1118,1142]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
high, with male gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEEDFBFBB2FA8B9F08" bold="true" box="[1263,1328,1117,1142]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">48-63</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEE816FB6EFEE99FE7" box="[258,338,1153,1178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
high, with male gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEEBB0FB6EFD5E9FE4" bold="true" box="[676,741,1153,1178]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">48-77</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEEAABFB6DFBB49FE7" box="[959,1039,1154,1178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
high, with female gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEEC62FB6EFF7A9FC0" bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">48- 189</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEE8B2FB4AFE429FC3" box="[422,505,1189,1214]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
high, with male gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEEA41FB4AFC1F9FC0" bold="true" box="[853,932,1189,1214]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">48-194</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEED9DFB49FB679FC3" box="[1161,1244,1190,1214]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
high, with male gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEE830FB26FEC89F9C" bold="true" box="[292,371,1225,1250]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">48-220</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEEB50FB25FD299F9F" box="[580,658,1226,1250]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
high, with female gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEEAFBFB26FB849F9C" bold="true" box="[1007,1087,1225,1250]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">48-222</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEEC1BFB25FAE69F9F" box="[1295,1373,1226,1250]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
high, with male gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEE88AFB01FDA09E78" box="[414,539,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ANT XXI/2</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEEB3FFB02FD229E78" bold="true" box="[555,665,1261,1286]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">PS65/121</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEEA65FB02FC7A9E7B" box="[881,961,1261,1286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
high, with female gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEEC32FB02FA2E9E78" bold="true" box="[1318,1429,1261,1286]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">PS65/166</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEE878FAFEFE049E57" box="[364,447,1297,1322]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
high, with male gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEEA09FAFEFC379E54" bold="true" box="[797,908,1297,1322]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">PS65/248</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEED66FAFDFB7E9E57" box="[1138,1221,1298,1322]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
high, with female gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEE831FADAFE2F9E30" bold="true" box="[293,404,1333,1358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">PS65/274</emphasis>
, mass of stems, c.
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEEB73FAD9FD0D9E33" box="[615,694,1334,1358]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
high, with male gonothecae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B652AA472FFEEE9D3FAB6FDB79EC4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BAE36A1A472FFEEE9D3FAB6FDB79EC4" blockId="28.[151,1436,1117,1466]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B965EAB3A472FFEEE9D3FAB6FE4C9E0C" bold="true" box="[199,503,1369,1394]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
Species known from depths between 57 (
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A472FFEEEAC4FAB5FA899E0C" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[976,1330,1370,1394]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="2653 - 2722" refId="ref45900" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2003) Species of Staurotheca Allman, 1888 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Sertulariidae) from US Antarctic expeditions, with the description of three new species. Journal of Natural History, 37, 2653 - 2722. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930210155701" type="journal article" year="2003">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort 2003</bibRefCitation>
) and
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEEC66FAB6FF169EEB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.47" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="647.0">647 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A472FFEEE9A8FA91FD859EE8" author="Soto Angel, J. J. &amp; Pena Cantero, A. L." box="[188,574,1405,1430]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="983 - 1007" refId="ref46725" refString="Soto Angel, J. J. &amp; Pena Cantero, A. L. (2015) On the benthic hydroids from the Scotia Arc (Southern Ocean): new insights into their biodiversity, ecology and biogeography. Polar Biology, 38, 983 - 1007. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 015 - 1660 - 9" type="journal article" year="2015">Soto Àngel &amp; Peña Cantero 2015</bibRefCitation>
); present material collected from
<quantity id="4CE99B44A472FFEEEAACFA91FBE99EEB" box="[952,1106,1405,1430]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.34" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="297.0" valueMax="360.0" valueMin="234.0">
234 to
<specimenCount id="9D17FD28A472FFEEED1CFA92FBE99EEB" box="[1032,1106,1405,1430]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">360 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Antarctic-Kerguélen species (
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B50A472FFEEE98AFA4DFDBB9EC4" author="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[158,512,1442,1466]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="2653 - 2722" refId="ref45900" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. &amp; Vervoort, W. (2003) Species of Staurotheca Allman, 1888 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Sertulariidae) from US Antarctic expeditions, with the description of three new species. Journal of Natural History, 37, 2653 - 2722. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930210155701" type="journal article" year="2003">Peña Cantero &amp; Vervoort 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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