253 lines
30 KiB
XML
253 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="2584AE22D51230868D75D203F8A9E103" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5540.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240496" ID-ZooBank="4DBD3A92-F14B-4C5B-95B3-2B430EC197DD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1732832094216" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wu, Jingyu & Liu, Xingyue" docDate="2024" docId="03B88790FFE7FFE59EE7CE959ABA4B5E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5540.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5540 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5540.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Tumeochrysa Needham 1909" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FF81FFE8FFA7FFA59E70CE029F264D33" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the green lacewing tribe Ankylopterygini Navás, 1910 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae) from China" masterLastPageNumber="169" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1733250230432" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="D11EECFCABEA39AA9CBB53404C4DADD5">Systematics of the green lacewing tribe Ankylopterygini Navás, 1910 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae) from China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C5F255F3CD434134D02C4D9DFB9F2D92">Wu, Jingyu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3EA73EA1C3A5727000ECF51EC0F0BA76">Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China wujingyu 176 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6677 - 7726 Corresponding author: xingyue _ liu @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9168 - 0659</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="75D4EEFC7F3D1E985F6181BA195BD7B3" type="email">wujingyu176@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DF231EBDAB83CDFC8F53C8E3B2AC17F1">Liu, Xingyue</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F8C051074B7613A7D31BF461415B34D">Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China wujingyu 176 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6677 - 7726 Corresponding author: xingyue _ liu @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9168 - 0659</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8DC24DC9D02EB2B444E69B8CADDB2599" type="email">wujingyu176@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C0461B48E1256071CAF936B12D80622A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="747A06030DA9CBB7A2298B0279A3B3E3">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9F30662575D1F29786DFE7142546F6CD">5540</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFE7FFE59EE7CE959D7C4D82" box="[151,602,151,178]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFE7FFE59EE7CE959D7C4D82" blockId="64.[151,602,151,178]" box="[151,602,151,178]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59EE7CE959D7C4D82" bold="true" box="[151,602,151,178]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59E9ECE959D7C4D82" ID-CoL="83NV" ID-ENA="2307262" authority="Needham, 1909" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[238,602,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59E9ECE959EB44D81" bold="true" box="[238,402,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFE7FFE59FE9CE959D7C4D82" author="Needham, J. G." box="[409,602,151,177]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="185 - 210" refId="ref90677" refString="Needham, J. G. (1909) Notes on the Neuroptera in the collection of the Indian Museum. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 3, 185 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 3 / i 3 / 1909 / 163272" type="journal article" year="1909">Needham, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFE7FFE59EE7CEDE9B8F4C02" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFE7FFE59EE7CEDE9E124C20" blockId="64.[151,1437,220,305]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB01097FFE7FFE59EE7CEDE9D364DC7" author="Needham, J. G." box="[151,528,220,244]" page="204" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1909">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59EE7CEDE9D364DC7" ID-CoL="83NV" authority="Needham, 1909: 204" authorityName="Needham" authorityPageNumber="204" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,528,220,244]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59EE7CEDE9E384DC7" box="[151,286,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFE7FFE59F5CCEDE9D364DC7" author="Needham, J. G." box="[300,528,220,244]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="185 - 210" refId="ref90677" refString="Needham, J. G. (1909) Notes on the Neuroptera in the collection of the Indian Museum. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 3, 185 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 3 / i 3 / 1909 / 163272" type="journal article" year="1909">Needham, 1909: 204</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFE7FFE59C50CEDE9D744DC7" box="[544,594,220,244]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB01097FFE7FFE59CCECEDE9BA54DC7" author="Needham, J. G." box="[702,1155,220,244]" page="204" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1909">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59CCECEDE9BA54DC7" ID-CoL="59LL8" authority="Needham, 1909: 204" authorityName="Needham" authorityPageNumber="204" authorityYear="1909" box="[702,1155,220,244]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59CCECEDE9CB74DC7" box="[702,913,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa indica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFE7FFE59DEFCEDE9BA54DC7" author="Needham, J. G." box="[927,1155,220,244]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="185 - 210" refId="ref90677" refString="Needham, J. G. (1909) Notes on the Neuroptera in the collection of the Indian Museum. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 3, 185 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 3 / i 3 / 1909 / 163272" type="journal article" year="1909">Needham, 1909: 204</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Original designation and monotypy.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFE7FFE59EE7CF1B9B8F4C02" blockId="64.[151,1437,220,305]" box="[151,1193,281,305]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0111A8FFE7FFE59EE7CF1B9B8F4C02" box="[151,1193,281,305]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB01097FFE7FFE59EE7CF1B9EFE4C02" author="Navas, L." box="[151,472,281,305]" page="55" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1910">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59EE7CF1B9EFE4C02" authority="Navas, 1910 a: 55" authorityName="Navas" authorityPageNumber="55" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,472,281,305]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoplecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59EE7CF1B9E384C02" box="[151,286,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Chrysoplecta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFE7FFE59F55CF1B9EFE4C02" author="Navas, L." box="[293,472,281,305]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="38 - 59" refId="ref90149" refString="Navas, L. (1910 a) Crisopidos (Ins. Neur.) nuevos. Broteria, Zoologica, 9, 38 - 59." type="journal article" year="1910">Navás, 1910a: 55</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
<typeStatus id="54AA8824FFE7FFE59F91CF1B9D354C02" box="[481,531,281,305]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB01097FFE7FFE59C01CF1B9B094C02" author="Navas, L." box="[625,1071,281,305]" page="56" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1910">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59C01CF1B9B094C02" ID-CoL="5Z4M5" authority="Navas, 1910 a: 56" authorityName="Navas" authorityPageNumber="56" authorityYear="1910" box="[625,1071,281,305]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoplecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immaculata">
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59C01CF1B9C504C02" box="[625,886,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Chrysoplecta immaculata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFE7FFE59D0CCF1B9B094C02" author="Navas, L." box="[892,1071,281,305]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="38 - 59" refId="ref90149" refString="Navas, L. (1910 a) Crisopidos (Ins. Neur.) nuevos. Broteria, Zoologica, 9, 38 - 59." type="journal article" year="1910">Navás, 1910a: 56</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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. Monotypy.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFE7FFE59EE7CF5D9BBF4E36" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFE7FFE59EE7CF5D9BBF4E36" blockId="64.[151,1437,351,1385]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59EE7CF5D9E344C4A" bold="true" box="[151,274,351,377]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body medium to large. Body length 13.0–21.0 mm, forewing length 15.0–27.0 mm, hindwing length 12.0–
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<quantity id="4CE99B63FFE7FFE59EA6CF819E674CAD" box="[214,321,387,414]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="25.5">25.5 mm</quantity>
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. This genus is characterized by the presence of the broad head occasionally with markings, the broad scape sometimes with tubercles or concaved, the frons, clypeus and gena usually not marked, the not pointed terminal palpomere of maxillary and labial palpi, the thorax sometimes with irregular brown markings, the legs with dense setae and without spots, the meso- and metatibia with a spur at tip, the brown pretarsal claws with basal dilation, the long forewing without shadings, the indistinct pterostigma, the triangular or quadrate cell
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59B56CC169A644F1E" box="[1318,1346,532,557]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">im</emphasis>
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, the 1st rs-psm crossvein located at 2/3 or 1/2 of
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59C10CC3A9D5A4F62" box="[608,636,568,593]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">im</emphasis>
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, the gradates in two to five divergent rows, the basal crossvein of inner gradate series usually not meeting Psm, the opened or closed cell
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<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59DFDCC599C9C4F46" box="[909,954,603,629]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">dcc,</emphasis>
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the male sternum VIII not fused with IX, the elongated sternum IX, the tergum IX fused with ectoproct, the median arch of gonarcus with different shapes of projections and invaginations, the expanded lateral arm, the broad entoprocessus posteriorly with many long gonosetae on associated membrane, the arcessus rounded at base, the apically bilobed female subgenitale, the thin spermatheca, the short vela, the absence of the ventral impression, and the long coiled duct.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFE7FFE59EB7CD0D9C104E1A" box="[199,822,783,809]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFE7FFE59EB7CD0D9C104E1A" blockId="64.[151,1437,351,1385]" box="[199,822,783,809]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59EB7CD0D9E474E1A" bold="true" box="[199,353,783,809]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Palearctic, Nearctic and Oriental regions.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFE7FFE59EB7CD319DA8485A" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFE7FFE59EB7CD319DA8485A" blockId="64.[151,1437,351,1385]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59EB7CD319E1D4E7E" bold="true" box="[199,315,819,845]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFE7FFE59F3BCD319D8E4E7E" author="Garzon-Orduna, I. J. & Winterton, S. L. & Jiang, Y. L. & Breitkreuz, L. C. V. & Duelli, P. & Engel, M. S. & Penny, N. D. & Tauber, C. A. & Mochizuki, A. & Liu, X. Y." box="[331,680,819,845]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="499 - 513" refId="ref88713" refString="Garzon-Orduna, I. J., Winterton, S. L., Jiang, Y. L., Breitkreuz, L. C. V., Duelli, P., Engel, M. S., Penny, N. D., Tauber, C. A., Mochizuki, A. & Liu, X. Y. (2019) Evolution of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): a molecular supermatrix approach. Systematic Entomology, 44, 499 - 513. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12339" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Garzón-Orduña
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||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59C7CCD369D6B4E7E" box="[524,589,819,845]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFE7FFE59C81CD319B324E7E" author="Breitkreuz, L. C. V. & Garzon-Orduna, I. J. & Winterton, S. L. & Engel, M. S." box="[753,1044,819,845]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1374 - 1395" refId="ref88364" refString="Breitkreuz, L. C. V., Garzon-Orduna, I. J., Winterton, S. L. & Engel, M. S. (2022) Phylogeny of Chrysopidae (Neuroptera), with emphasis on morphological trait evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 194, 1374 - 1395. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 024" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Breitkreuz
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59D08CD369C9F4E7E" box="[888,953,819,845]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2022)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reconstructed the phylogeny of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59EE7CD559E034E42" box="[151,293,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chrysopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and found
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59FD8CD559D1B4E42" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[424,573,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59FD8CD559D1B4E42" box="[424,573,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
nested within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59C96CD5A9C174E42" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1912" box="[742,817,856,881]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nineta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59C96CD5A9C174E42" box="[742,817,856,881]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nineta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59D30CD5A9CAD4E42" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1912" box="[832,907,856,881]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nineta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59D30CD5A9CAD4E42" box="[832,907,856,881]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nineta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59DB4CD559B7F4E42" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[964,1113,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59DB4CD559B7F4E42" box="[964,1113,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appear to be very similar in external morphological and genital characters: the narrow and long wings, the thorax without distinct markings, the male sternum VIII not fused with IX, the elongated male sternum IX, the median arch of male gonarcus with projections, the broad entoprocessus, the absence of the female ventral impression, the broad subgenitale, etc. The most important difference between them is the number of gradate series: the gradates of forewing and hindwing of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59EE7CA0E9FC44916" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,226,1036,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nineta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59EE7CA0E9FC44916" box="[151,226,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nineta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in two divergent rows, but in three to five in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59C9ACA099C594916" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[746,895,1035,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59C9ACA099C594916" box="[746,895,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In fact, the presence of more than two rows of gradates can be found in species of many genera, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59D69CA329CAD497A" authorityName="Brooks" authorityYear="1986" box="[793,907,1072,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Retipenna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59D69CA329CAD497A" box="[793,907,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Retipenna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59DE9CA2D9B05497A" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1910" box="[921,1059,1071,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59DE9CA2D9B05497A" box="[921,1059,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Chrysopidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59A41CA2D9BEE497A" authorityName="Tjeder" authorityYear="1966" box="[1073,1224,1071,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59A41CA2D9BEE497A" box="[1073,1224,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Apertochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, etc. Thus, it is not reliable to divide genera only based on number of rows of gradate series. The genital characters, especially the male genitalia, are more reliable for generic classification.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59C9BCA7A9C1049A2" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1912" box="[747,822,1144,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nineta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59C9BCA7A9C1049A2" box="[747,822,1144,1169]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nineta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59D1CCA759B2749A2" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[876,1025,1143,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59D1CCA759B2749A2" box="[876,1025,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have very similar genital characters: the arcuate male gonarcus with forward projections on median arch, the broad entoprocessus posteriorly with many long gonosetae on associated membrane, the arcessus widest at base and attached with entoprocessus, the broad female subgenitale, the short vela, and the absence of the ventral impression. The phylogeny herein inferred also supports the monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59FBBCB0A9D304812" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1912" box="[459,534,1288,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nineta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59FBBCB0A9D304812" box="[459,534,1288,1313]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nineta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59C3CCB059DC74812" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[588,737,1287,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59C3CCB059DC74812" box="[588,737,1287,1313]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and their sister-group relationship. However, we consider that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59EE7CB2E9FC44876" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,226,1324,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nineta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59EE7CB2E9FC44876" box="[151,226,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nineta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59F6DCB299E944876" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[285,434,1323,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59F6DCB299E944876" box="[285,434,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not reach the criterion of generic differentiation and place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59AF3CB2E9A404876" authority="Navas, 1912" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1912" box="[1155,1382,1323,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nineta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59AF3CB2E9BE84876" box="[1155,1230,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nineta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFE7FFE59AA7CB299A404876" author="Navas, L." box="[1239,1382,1323,1349]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="98 - 113" refId="ref90273" refString="Navas, L. (1912) Crisopidos y Hemerobidos (Ins. Neur.) nuevos o criticos. Broteria, Zoologica, 10, 98 - 113." type="journal article" year="1912">Navás, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subgenus into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59F49CB4D9DAC485A" authority="Needham, 1909" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[313,650,1359,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59F49CB4D9EE8485A" box="[313,462,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B77FFE7FFE59FA5CB4D9DAC485A" author="Needham, J. G." box="[469,650,1359,1385]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="185 - 210" refId="ref90677" refString="Needham, J. G. (1909) Notes on the Neuroptera in the collection of the Indian Museum. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 3, 185 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 3 / i 3 / 1909 / 163272" type="journal article" year="1909">Needham, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30B650DFFE7FFE59EE7CBB99ABA4B5E" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFE7FFE59EE7CBB99D1B48E5" blockId="64.[151,573,1467,1494]" box="[151,573,1467,1494]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59EE7CBB99D1B48E5" bold="true" box="[151,573,1467,1494]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Key to subgenera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59FE9CBB99D1B48E5" ID-CoL="83NV" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[409,573,1467,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59FE9CBB99D1B48E5" bold="true" box="[409,573,1467,1494]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<key id="FF8061B7FFE7FFE59EE7C8029ABA4B5E" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<keyStep id="30E52E23FFE7FFE59EE7C8029ABA4B5E" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFE7FFE59EE7C8029ABA4B00" blockId="64.[151,1437,1536,1646]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E095B3FFE7FFE59EE7C8029ABA4B00" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
1. Gradates of forewing and hindwing both in two divergent rows; cell
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59DBBC8029CCA4B26" box="[971,1004,1536,1557]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">dcc</emphasis>
|
||
of forewing opened; male ectoproct not elongated........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59B2CC81C9ABA4B00" box="[1372,1436,1566,1587]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Nineta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59B2CC81C9ABA4B00" box="[1372,1436,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nineta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAE3686FFE7FFE59E92C8399ABA4B5E" blockId="64.[151,1437,1536,1646]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<keyLead id="30E095B3FFE7FFE59E92C8399ABA4B5E" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Gradates of forewing and hindwing both in three to five divergent rows; cell
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59DB4C8399CC34B63" box="[964,997,1595,1616]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">dcc</emphasis>
|
||
of forewing closed; male ectoproct elongated obviously.................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C114D05FFE7FFE59B6CC85A9ABA4B5E" ID-CoL="83NV" authorityName="Needham" authorityYear="1909" box="[1308,1436,1624,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tumeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B965EA94FFE7FFE59B6CC85A9ABA4B5E" box="[1308,1436,1624,1645]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Tumeochrysa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |