305 lines
40 KiB
XML
305 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="AA503BB972F063E835AD2EAD8249C41A" ID-CLB-Dataset="39041" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3617.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6174b35e-3228-4d50-a6ed-844e244f8b64" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="248150" ID-ZooBank="4DCCD152-65DA-44A3-AB19-59811384E1E7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1463638623780" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Calcinai, Barbara, Bavestrello, Giorgio, Bertolino, Marco, Pica, Daniela, Wagner, Daniel & Cerrano, Carlo" docDate="2013" docId="03B7DE6C8A30F857FF38C2B0FBC7C093" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03617p061.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3617 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Esperiopsidae Hentschel 1923" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FF8EA6148A2FF877FFAFC227FFC9C52C" masterDocTitle="Sponges associated with octocorals in the Indo-Pacific, with the description of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1698662548627" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F05EECE0976408F371470E812B82CB10">Sponges associated with octocorals in the Indo-Pacific, with the description of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="047ACB497C38517BE1A03CFDE7929D14" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4AACC42F9E6969991A2EC9BA036A9C59">Calcinai, Barbara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FBE65FD760DC8F73A43C1D5FB16618B6">Bavestrello, Giorgio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A7F1DEFBBF551F1BF87C5D2FD550B948">Bertolino, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5F613333718237746DC53D2D9468A98F">Pica, Daniela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A21EFEF5C1DA7BD60C05F42416A902B9">Wagner, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FF154CECAE5D1F443C8AC728B92717F8">Cerrano, Carlo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D0DCA066EE4A709D674C7E19756653D2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1F566F63D094826F36A0EC8F65E32961">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="975EDEAD5CDA67CEFD394123FDB82672">3617</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="21EA02122A09CAD993C87DCA74EB79DD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3617.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B7DE6C8A30F857FF38C2B0FBC7C093" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6156087" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120682014" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6156087" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7DE6C8A30F857FF38C2B0FBC7C093" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7DE6C8A30F857FF38C2B0FBC7C093" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="C3043CF18A30F868FF38C2B0FEE2C43B" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A30F868FF38C2B0FE90C5DB" blockId="31.[151,626,151,279]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="D0E9D8168A30F868FF38C2B0FE90C5DB" bold="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96AB3688A30F868FF38C2B0FE90C5DB" bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A30F868FF59C2B0FDBBC59D" ID-CoL="84K6Y" authority="Hentschel, 1923" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1923" box="[246,626,151,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Esperiopsidae Hentschel, 1923</taxonomicName>
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A30F868FF41C29DFD88C5F8" authority="Vosmaer, 1880" authorityName="Vosmaer" authorityYear="1880" box="[238,577,186,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96AB3688A30F868FF41C29DFE4FC5F8" bold="true" box="[238,390,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Amphilectus</emphasis>
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Vosmaer, 1880
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A30F868FF38C2FAFEE6C5DB" box="[151,303,221,247]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96AB3688A30F868FF38C2FAFEE6C5DB" bold="true" box="[151,303,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Amphilectus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A30F868FF38C2D8FEE2C43B" blockId="31.[151,626,151,279]" box="[151,299,255,279]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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(
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<figureCitation id="132573FF8A30F868FF30C2D8FF39C43B" box="[159,240,255,279]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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A–F)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3043CF18A30F857FF38C360FF12C118" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A30F868FF38C360FA50C473" blockId="31.[151,1433,327,352]" box="[151,1433,327,352]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Examined material. Sample Bugor 327:
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<collectingCountry id="F3092FEA8A30F868FDE0C360FD75C473" box="[591,700,327,351]" name="Indonesia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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, North Sulawesi, Siladen
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<collectingCountry id="F3092FEA8A30F868FC78C360FBD5C473" box="[983,1052,327,351]" name="Iceland" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Island</collectingCountry>
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, Siladen Barat,
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<quantity id="4CE6C29F8A30F868FB67C360FB3DC473" box="[1224,1268,327,351]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFA049BA8A30F868FB50C36FFA5CC473" box="[1279,1429,327,352]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2007-01">January 2007</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
<caption id="DF613FF28A30F868FF38C5A9FBA5C2C5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" targetPageId="31">
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<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A30F868FF38C5A9FBA5C2C5" blockId="31.[151,1436,1934,2025]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B96AB3688A30F868FF38C5A9FEE8C288" bold="true" box="[151,289,1934,1957]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A30F868FE87C5A8FE6CC289" box="[296,421,1935,1957]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96AB3688A30F868FE87C5A8FE6CC289" box="[296,421,1935,1957]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Amphilectus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A30F868FC92C5A8FC0EC289" box="[829,967,1935,1957]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Carijoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="riisei">
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<emphasis id="B96AB3688A30F868FC92C5A8FC0EC289" box="[829,967,1935,1957]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Carijoa riisei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A0FF857FF68C2B0FAD5C430" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1471]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Description. The sponge encrusts several branches of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FC88C2BFFC09C59C" box="[807,960,152,176]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Carijoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="riisei">
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<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FC88C2BFFC09C59C" box="[807,960,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Carijoa riisei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(up to
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<quantity id="4CE6C29F8A0FF857FBBDC2B0FB9EC583" box="[1042,1111,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="cm" value="12.0">12 cm</quantity>
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long) as a thin film of about
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<quantity id="4CE6C29F8A0FF857FF38C29BFF25C5F8" box="[151,236,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
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thick (
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<figureCitation id="132573FF8A0FF857FE96C29BFE42C5F8" box="[313,395,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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A); on some branches the sponge becomes thicker and massively encrusting (
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<figureCitation id="132573FF8A0FF857FB47C29BFAF3C5F8" box="[1256,1338,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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A); in all the branches the anthocodiae are free to expand and retract (
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<figureCitation id="132573FF8A0FF857FCEFC2F8FC5CC5DB" box="[832,917,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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B). Consistency is gelatinous, surface smooth. Light yellow in ethanol (
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<figureCitation id="132573FF8A0FF857FE03C323FE34C430" box="[428,509,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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A, B). Numerous larvae and eggs are dispersed in the tissue (
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<figureCitation id="132573FF8A0FF857FB06C323FB34C430" box="[1193,1277,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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B).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A0FF857FF68C300FAB1C4AB" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1471]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Skeleton. The skeleton organisation is difficult to determine, due to the consistency of the sponge. Scattered, tangential styles are present on the sponge surface; sinuous tracts of styles, vaguely interconnecting and running without a clear direction, are present in the inner part of the sponge. Scattered spicules among tracts (
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<figureCitation id="132573FF8A0FF857FAABC348FA91C4AB" box="[1284,1368,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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C).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A0FF857FF68C3B3FBFDC4DF" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1471]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Spicules. Straight, smooth styles (
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<figureCitation id="132573FF8A0FF857FDEFC3B3FD5BC480" box="[576,658,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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D), 167.5 – (180.8 ± 9.1) – 195
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<date id="FFA049BA8A0FF857FC5FC3B2FBDBC480" box="[1008,1042,404,428]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">x 2</date>
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– (2.4 ± 0.2) – 2.5 μm. Sigmas “C” shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A0FF857FF5AC390FE8EC4E3" box="[245,327,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
E), 15 – (22.3 ± 8.5) – 40 μm. Anchorate isochelae with three narrow teeth and a groove along the dorsal margin of the spicule, forming a crest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A0FF857FD39C3FBFD21C4D8" box="[662,744,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1934,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,393,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,393,1913]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 20. Amphilectus sp. A, Sponge on several fragments of Carijoa riisei, the arrow indicates the massively encrusting portion of the sponge; B, Close up of the gelatinous, smooth surface, the arrows indicate larvae; C, Choanosomal skeleton of sinuous tracts of styles; D, Style; E, Sigma; F, Anchorate isochela and magnification of the crest." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248170/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
F), 12.5 – (13 ± 1.1) – 15 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A0FF857FF68C3D8FA95C61B" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1471]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Remarks. The species here described has chelae that remind of the arcuate, often unguiferate chelae typical of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FEBEC003FE75C710" box="[273,444,548,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chondropsidae" genus="Strongylacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FEBEC003FE75C710" box="[273,444,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Strongylacidon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FE56C003FD41C710" box="[505,648,548,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chondropsidae" genus="Chondropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FE56C003FD41C710" box="[505,648,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Chondropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FD47C003FC5EC710" box="[744,919,548,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chondropsidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Chondropsidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FBB3C003FB0DC710" box="[1052,1220,548,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chondropsidae" genus="Strongylacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FBB3C003FB0DC710" box="[1052,1220,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Strongylacidon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterised by strongyles as megascleres and by an ectosomal skeleton consisting of brushes of strongyles deriving from the choanosomal tracts (van Soest, 2002b). Moreover, sand grains and foreign material are conspicuous in this genus and have a structural role in the fibres. These features do not seem to characterise the present specimen. On the other hand, the skeleton is not clearly interpretable. The presence of an ectosomal skeleton of tangential styles, absent in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FED8C0FFFDCCC7DC" box="[375,517,728,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chondropsidae" genus="Chondropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FED8C0FFFDCCC7DC" box="[375,517,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Chondropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is here detectable but structural sand or foreign material (typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FAABC0FFFA5BC7DC" box="[1284,1426,728,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chondropsidae" genus="Chondropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FAABC0FFFA5BC7DC" box="[1284,1426,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Chondropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are not present. On the basis of these considerations we prefer to attribute this specimen to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FB14C0DBFA8FC638" box="[1211,1350,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FB14C0DBFA8FC638" box="[1211,1350,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, taking choanosomal architecure as a better performing character than microsclere shape (Hajdu & van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FB67C138FA86C61B" author="Soest" box="[1224,1359,799,823]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Hajdu, E., van Soest, R. W. M. (1996) Choosing among Poriferan morphological characters within the cladistic paradigm. In: Willenz, Ph. (Ed.), Recent Advances in Sponge Biodiversity Inventory and Documentation. Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Biologie, 66 (supplement), pp. 81 - 88." type="journal article" year="1996">Soest, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A0FF857FF68C163FF12C118" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1471]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
The presence of styles, isochelae and sigmas characterizes the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FB92C162FB09C670" box="[1085,1216,837,860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FB92C162FB09C670" box="[1085,1216,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Esperiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FAA4C163FA5CC670" box="[1291,1429,836,860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FAA4C163FA5CC670" box="[1291,1429,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FF38C14FFEEBC6AC" box="[151,290,872,896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FF38C14FFEEBC6AC" box="[151,290,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FE7AC14EFD9EC6AC" box="[469,599,873,896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FE7AC14EFD9EC6AC" box="[469,599,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Esperiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the main discriminating characters are the size of the styles (<400 μm) and the absence of sigmas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FDA2C1ABFC32C688" authority="van Soest & Hajdu 2002a" authorityName="van Soest & Hajdu" authorityYear="2002" box="[525,1019,908,932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FDA2C1ABFD5EC688" box="[525,663,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus</emphasis>
|
||
(van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FD48C1ABFC3DC688" author="Soest" box="[743,1012,908,932]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van & Hajdu, E. (2002 a) Family Esperiopsidae Hentschel, 1923. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges, 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers: New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, pp. 656 - 664. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 71" type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="a">Soest & Hajdu 2002a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, at least one species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FF38C197FEEBC6E4" box="[151,290,944,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FF38C197FEEBC6E4" box="[151,290,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described with sigmas (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FDC5C197FC51C6EB" authority="Brondsted, 1924" authorityName="Brondsted" authorityYear="1924" box="[618,920,943,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="glaber">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FDC5C197FD1DC6E4" box="[618,724,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A. glaber</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FD73C188FC51C6EB" author="Brondsted" box="[732,920,943,967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Brondsted, H. V. (1924) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. XV. Sponges from the Auckland and Campbell Islands. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i Kjobenhavn, 75, 117 - 167." type="journal article" year="1924">Brøndsted, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and at least two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FB73C196FA96C6E4" box="[1244,1375,945,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FB73C196FA96C6E4" box="[1244,1375,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Esperiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have styles <400 μm. In van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FE0AC1F3FD64C6C0" author="Soest" box="[421,685,980,1004]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van & Hajdu, E. (2002 a) Family Esperiopsidae Hentschel, 1923. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges, 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers: New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, pp. 656 - 664. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 71" type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="a">Soest & Hajdu (2002a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
these two genera are described as possessing a different skeleton:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FF38C1DFFEEBC13C" box="[151,290,1016,1040]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FF38C1DFFEEBC13C" box="[151,290,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with regularly isodictyal, anisotropic skeleton, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FCC5C1DEFC24C13C" box="[874,1005,1017,1040]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FCC5C1DEFC24C13C" box="[874,1005,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Esperiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with irregularly anastomosing spicule tracts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3043CF18A0FF857FF68C667FBC7C093" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A0FF857FF68C667FBC7C093" blockId="32.[151,1437,151,1471]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FF68C667FDB4C17B" ID-CoL="D32M" authority="Brondsted, 1924" authorityName="Brondsted" authorityYear="1924" box="[199,637,1087,1112]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="glaber">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FF68C667FE6AC174" box="[199,419,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus glaber</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FE1BC618FDBDC17B" author="Brondsted" box="[436,628,1087,1111]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Brondsted, H. V. (1924) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. XV. Sponges from the Auckland and Campbell Islands. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i Kjobenhavn, 75, 117 - 167." type="journal article" year="1924">Brøndsted, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FD24C667FC13C17B" ID-CoL="D32Y" authority="Whitelegge, 1907" authorityName="Whitelegge" authorityYear="1907" box="[651,986,1087,1112]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="munitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FD24C667FCCCC174" box="[651,773,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A. munitus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FCA1C618FC13C17B" author="Whitelegge" box="[782,986,1087,1111]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Whitelegge, T. (1907) Sponges. Part I. - Addenda. Part II. Monaxonida continued. In: Scientific Results of the Trawling Expedition of H. M. C. S. ' Thetis' off the Coast of New South Wales in February and March, 1898. Memoirs of the Australian Museum, 4 (10), 487 - 515." type="journal article" year="1907">Whitelegge, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FBB7C667FA85C17B" ID-CoL="D33C" authority="Topsent, 1928" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1928" box="[1048,1356,1087,1112]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="unciger">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FBB7C667FB46C174" box="[1048,1167,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A. unciger</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FB0FC618FA8AC17B" author="Topsent" box="[1184,1347,1087,1111]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Topsent, E. (1928) Spongiaires de l'Atlantique et de la Mediterranee provenant des croisieres du Prince Albert ler de Monaco. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 74, 376 pp." type="book" year="1928">Topsent, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are all reported from the Indo-Pacific (van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FD98C643FD32C150" author="Soest" box="[567,763,1124,1148]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Soest, R. W. M van, Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., Rutzler, K., Voogd, N. J. de, Alvarez, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A. B., Vacelet, J., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick, K. R. & Klautau, M. (2011) World Porifera database. Available online from http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera (accessed 2011)." type="book chapter" year="2011">Soest et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FCA0C643FC35C150" ID-CoL="D32Y" box="[783,1020,1124,1148]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="munitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FCA0C643FC35C150" box="[783,1020,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus munitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FB98C643FB64C150" ID-CoL="D33C" box="[1079,1197,1124,1148]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="unciger">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FB98C643FB64C150" box="[1079,1197,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A. unciger</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not have sigmas.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FF38C6AFFEBCC18C" ID-CoL="D32M" box="[151,373,1160,1184]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="glaber">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FF38C6AFFEBCC18C" box="[151,373,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus glaber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has larger styles (200 – 370
|
||
<date id="FFA049BA8A0FF857FD7EC6AEFCCFC1B3" box="[721,774,1159,1184]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2010-10">x 10</date>
|
||
μm) and the choanosomal skeleton consists of a regular network of rectangular meshes. Numerous species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FD42C68AFCB9C1E8" ID-CoL="84NHQ" box="[749,880,1197,1220]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FD42C68AFCB9C1E8" box="[749,880,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Esperiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known from the Indo-Pacific (van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FA8DC68BFF1BC1CB" author="Soest" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Soest, R. W. M van, Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., Rutzler, K., Voogd, N. J. de, Alvarez, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A. B., Vacelet, J., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick, K. R. & Klautau, M. (2011) World Porifera database. Available online from http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera (accessed 2011)." type="book chapter" year="2011">Soest et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but only two of these species have styles that are <400 μm:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FCD4C6F6FB47C1CB" ID-CoL="3BJDW" authority="Levi, 1993" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[891,1166,1231,1256]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="diasolenia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FCD4C6F6FBC7C1C4" box="[891,1038,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E. diasolenia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FBBAC6E8FB47C1CB" author="Levi" box="[1045,1166,1231,1255]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Levi, C. (1993) Porifera Demospongiae: Spongiaires bathyaux de Nouvelle-Caledonie, recoltes par le ' Jean Charcot'. Campagne BIOCAL, 1985. In: Crosnier, A. (Eds.), Resultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM, Vol. 11. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (A, Zoologie), 158, 9 - 87." type="journal article" year="1993">Lévi, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FB6CC6F6FF06C020" ID-CoL="6GT3H" authority="Levi, 1993" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magnifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FB6CC6F6FA92C1C4" box="[1219,1371,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E. magnifolia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A0FF857FACEC6E8FF06C020" author="Levi" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Levi, C. (1993) Porifera Demospongiae: Spongiaires bathyaux de Nouvelle-Caledonie, recoltes par le ' Jean Charcot'. Campagne BIOCAL, 1985. In: Crosnier, A. (Eds.), Resultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM, Vol. 11. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (A, Zoologie), 158, 9 - 87." type="journal article" year="1993">Lévi, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(250–300 μm and 350–450 μm, respectively); nevertheless these species are devoid of sigmas, and chelae are longer (28–40 μm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FE2AC73EFDD0C01C" ID-CoL="3BJDW" box="[389,537,1304,1328]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="diasolenia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FE2AC73EFDD0C01C" box="[389,537,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E. diasolenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 30 μm, and 40–60 μm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FCC3C73EFBCCC01C" ID-CoL="6GT3H" box="[876,1029,1304,1328]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Esperiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magnifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FCC3C73EFBCCC01C" box="[876,1029,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E. magnifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). These species are clearly different from our Indonesian specimen, which is characterised by short styles (<400 μm) and by a single category of chelae and sigmas. This spicule complement, in particular the short styles, prompts us to attribute this specimen to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A0FF857FF4FC7A3FEA3C0B0" ID-CoL="84LCH" box="[224,362,1412,1436]" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" genus="Amphilectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A0FF857FF4FC7A3FEA3C0B0" box="[224,362,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphilectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Unfortunately the small size of the sample prevents a clear interpretation of the skeleton, and therefore we refrain from formally describing a new species from this material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |