286 lines
36 KiB
XML
286 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="57DD068F64E1872B59987D3A9DEFE163" ID-ISSN="11755334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625103082344" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bruce, Niel L." docDate="2005" docId="03B7879BA91B275CFEB8FE82D862FB50" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01002p020.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1002 (1002)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Makarasphaera Bruce 2005, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="27079EF7-F8A9-40D4-A1F9-134CB7852A55" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FF8EFFE3A9122757FFB0FF9EDB57FF9E" masterDocTitle="New sphaeromatids (Crustacea: Isopoda: Sphaeromatidea) from coastal and freshwater habitats in New Zealand" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698979788122" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DA71F2B256F3EC9BA366CC46E2A2C0C8">New sphaeromatids (Crustacea: Isopoda: Sphaeromatidea) from coastal and freshwater habitats in New Zealand</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="35AD02E4AAD6B2E2AF02AF9D4930C84D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="94143ACC9B7E1246CC841407BB307554">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7F8EA5937B75CE126AD12EBD4CFFA739">Bruce, Niel L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1B2B64646B228746F349F7FE2472E9F2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6370BB076A3ABA503FAC3CC5F4534C72">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="6DE5152AADCBFF2C1E6533DB5FD143F4">
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<mods:date id="797E1EE6EEDE95821903719BDC33854E">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DC111EF806C52DB9F578861B81ADBC3B" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="C1F02DD4AF3E66367AFFD06419388615">2005-06-01</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3DCE6F95E9CE4D5DCD39465D7AB327BA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9B4B4DD841A8DAB8DB8D8A85E0F3A2A3">1002</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="F432B1C350340E679B72D1C4C382775D" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="3FB044B0159F76232F93460542FA37DF">1002</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="BCA132FF663701815B20275E0DCB3E61">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="22C339325ABC1180FBA259F4A4F5E995" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AF6E08617102C5E0C7EDB6BCEC895A78" type="ZooBank">78CCD47F-80C3-478D-887A-20191E5E7F2C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03B7879BA91B275CFEB8FE82D862FB50" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:27079EF7-F8A9-40D4-A1F9-134CB7852A55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7879BA91B275CFEB8FE82D862FB50" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="C3046506A91B275EFEB8FE82D96AFEAB" box="[264,573,283,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA91B275EFEB8FE82D96AFEAB" blockId="9.[264,573,283,310]" box="[264,573,283,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<heading id="D0E981E1A91B275EFEB8FE82D96AFEAB" bold="true" box="[264,573,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFEB8FE82D96AFEAB" bold="true" box="[264,573,283,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA91B275EFEB8FE82DA9FFEA8" ID-CoL="7PNBC" authority="Bruce, 2005" authorityName="Bruce" authorityYear="2005" box="[264,456,284,310]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Makarasphaera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFEB8FE82DA9FFEA8" bold="true" box="[264,456,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Makarasphaera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25957E4A91B275EFE60FE85D96AFEAB" box="[464,573,283,309]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3046506A91B275CFEB8FEF9D862FB50" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA91B275EFEB8FEF9DF59FE1F" blockId="9.[264,1038,359,385]" box="[264,1038,359,385]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<typeStatus id="54A5882FA91B275EFEB8FEF9DA15FE1F" box="[264,322,359,385]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA91B275EFE1DFEF9D988FE1E" authority="Bruce, 2005" authorityName="Bruce" authorityYear="2005" box="[429,735,359,384]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Makarasphaera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amnicosa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFE1DFEF9D988FE1E" box="[429,735,359,384]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Makarasphaera amnicosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25957E4A91B275EFD57FEF9D813FE1F" box="[743,836,359,385]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, here designated.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA91B275EFEB8FE29D9BFFD77" blockId="9.[264,1323,439,1905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFEB8FE29DA28FE4E" box="[264,383,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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: Head deeply immersed in pereonite 1; pereonite 1 lateral margins ventrally thickened and flat; pleonite 1 medially fused to remainder of pleon; single short suture running to posterior of pleon. Pleotelson posterior margin simple, entire. Antennule peduncle not flattened or expanded; article collinear. Pereopods secondary unguis simple; inferior margins without setulose fringe, superior margins of ischium without long setae. Penial processes long, extending to pleopod rami, entirely separate, basally in contact. Pleopods lamellar, all rami membranous, without thickened ridges; appendix masculina basal, flaskshaped, distally abruptly narrowed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA91B275EFE88FD69DA94FA0F" blockId="9.[264,1323,439,1905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFE88FD69DA95FC8E" box="[312,450,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Description</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFE62FD69D959FC8E" box="[466,526,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Body</emphasis>
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vaulted, dorsal surfaces smooth, without setae, with ability to conglobate; not or weakly sexually dimorphic.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFCAAFC81D80DFCA6" box="[794,858,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Head</emphasis>
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with rostral point present, simple, not separating antennular bases; anterior margin simple, without incision, lateral margins not laterally extended to body outline.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFD1EFCF1D9B1FC16" box="[686,742,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Eyes</emphasis>
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lateral, simple.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFC1AFCF1DF71FC16" box="[938,1062,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pereonites</emphasis>
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all smooth; 2–7 with posterior margin not raised; pereonite 1 lateral margins anteriorly produced, laterally enclosing head, anteriorly without keys.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFD49FC21D83AFC46" box="[761,877,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sternite 1</emphasis>
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without cuticular mesial extensions.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFEB8FC79DAD8FB9E" box="[264,399,999,1024]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pereonite 6</emphasis>
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simple, without bosses, processes or marginal extensions.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFBF3FC79DF9DFB9E" box="[1091,1226,999,1024]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pereonite 7</emphasis>
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as wide as pereonite 6, forming part of body outline, dorsally without bosses, processes or marginal extensions.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFE66FBA9D976FBCE" box="[470,545,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Coxae</emphasis>
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ventrally wide, those of pereonites 2–7 overlapping anterior over posterior, rectilinear, coxae without ventral ‘lock and key’ processes, with grooved articulation; those of pereonite 6 not large, not overlapping those of pereonite 7.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFB33FB19DF90FB3E" box="[1155,1223,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pleon</emphasis>
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consisting of 2 visible segments (as determined by lateral sutures); pleonite 1 medially fused to pleonite 2; posterior margin even, as wide as remainder of pleon, extending to pleon lateral margins; pleonal sternite absent; single short suture running to posterior margin; dorsal surface without process; posterior margin even, with 'keys'.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFC7EFAB9DF1DFADE" box="[974,1098,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pleotelson</emphasis>
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vaulted, anteriorly as wide as pleon, without dorsal process; posterior margin entire, simple, arcuate; lateral margins simple.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA91B275EFE88FA01D926FA27" blockId="9.[264,1323,439,1905]" box="[312,625,1439,1465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFE88FA01D940FA26" box="[312,535,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Membrana cingula</emphasis>
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absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA91B275EFE88FA59DF27F937" blockId="9.[264,1323,439,1905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFE88FA59DAF8FA7E" box="[312,431,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Antennule</emphasis>
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peduncle with basal articles mesially not in contact, articles 1 and 2 robust, article 3 slender; article 1 not anteriorly produced, without anterior lobe; article 2 short, less than 0.4 times as long as article 1, without anterodistal lobe; articles 1 and 2 not flattened; with articles 2 and 3 collinear, article 3 longer than article 2; flagellum shorter than peduncle, longer than peduncular article 3.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFCB6F9F9D830F91E" box="[774,871,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Antenna</emphasis>
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peduncle articles all collinear, articles less robust than antennule, peduncular articles all of subsimilar thickness.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA91B275EFE88F929DE5CF967" blockId="9.[264,1323,439,1905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFE88F929DAF2F94E" box="[312,421,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Epistome</emphasis>
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anteriorly acute, without median constriction, anteriorly flush with head, not projecting, anteriorly not prominently extended, elongate, posteriorly enclosing labrum.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA91B275EFEB8F899DE7DF8EF" blockId="9.[264,1323,439,1905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFEB8F899DA2FF8BE" box="[264,376,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mandible</emphasis>
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incisor wide, multicuspid; lacinia mobilis present, tricuspid; spine row normal; molar process gnathal surface with transverse ridges, rounded.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA91B275EFB92F8B1DFC5F8D6" box="[1058,1170,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Maxillule</emphasis>
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lateral lobe robust setae with some or all serrate, medial lobe with 4 major robust setae, these setae
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA918275DFEB8FE82DFF6FEC0" blockId="10.[264,1323,284,1870]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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being strongly plumose.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFD9EFE82D9DEFEAB" box="[558,649,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Maxilla</emphasis>
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with setae on middle and lateral lobes serrate and nodular.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE84FEDADAE4FEC3" box="[308,435,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Maxilliped</emphasis>
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palp articles 2–4 medial margins lobate, article 2 not expanded.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA918275DFE88FEF2DE7DFE18" blockId="10.[264,1323,284,1870]" box="[312,1322,364,390]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE88FEF2DAFEFE1B" box="[312,425,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pereopod</emphasis>
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1 ambulatory; dactylus secondary unguis slender, simple.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFBEEFEF2DFB0FE1B" box="[1118,1255,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pereopod 2</emphasis>
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simi
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA918275DFEB8FE0AD86DFDE8" blockId="10.[264,1323,284,1870]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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lar in proportion to pereopod 3; dactylus with secondary unguis slender and simple.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFB6CFE0ADA2FFE4B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pereopods 3–7</emphasis>
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dactylus with secondary unguis simple. Pereopods with inferior margins of ischium to carpus not bearing dense setulose fringe, ischium superior margin with sinuate acute robust seta(e), 1–3 or 4 ischium superior margin without long stiff slender setae.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE88FDAAD954FDD3" box="[312,515,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Penial processes</emphasis>
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entirely separate, basally in contact, long (extending to pleopod rami), tapering smoothly from base, apex acute.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA918275DFE88FD1ADA22FB50" blockId="10.[264,1323,284,1870]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE88FD1ADAF8FD03" box="[312,431,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pleopod 1</emphasis>
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rami not operculate; exopod lamellar; exopod with longitudinal axis weakly oblique; endopod of similar proportions to exopod, medial margin lamellar, distally triangular, endopod proximomedial heel absent; exopod distally truncate, exopod distal margins not serrate.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE7AFD62D915FC8B" box="[458,578,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pleopod 2</emphasis>
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endopod about as long as pleopod 1; exopod distal margins not deeply serrate;
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE0BFCBAD9F1FCA3" box="[443,678,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">appendix masculina</emphasis>
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inserted basally, proximal lobe absent, basally swollen (‘flaskshaped’ or ‘distally abruptly narrowed’), about as long as endopod, distally acute.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFEB8FCEADA28FC13" box="[264,383,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pleopod 3</emphasis>
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exopod transverse suture absent, endopod of similar proportions to exopod.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFB4AFCEADA0CFC2B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pleopod 4</emphasis>
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rami with
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<collectionCode id="ED0FAE48A918275DFE50FC02D94CFC28" box="[480,539,924,950]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9hjz-r0xi" name="Peabody Essex Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">PMS</collectionCode>
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(endopod with 1 plumose seta); exopod transverse suture absent, exopod thickened transverse ridges absent, exopod lateral margin not thickened, exopod lateral margin with short simple marginal setae; endopod thickened transverse ridges absent; mesial margin without deep distal notch; without proximomedial lobe.
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFB01FB8ADE7DFBB3" box="[1201,1322,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pleopod 5</emphasis>
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exopod transverse suture absent, thickened transverse ridges absent, lateral margin without short simple setae, lateral margin not thickened, scale patches 2 discrete patches (scarcely evident); endopod with thickened transverse ridges absent, endopod without proximomedial lobe.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA918275DFE88FB42DF0BFAD8" blockId="10.[264,1323,284,1870]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE88FB42DAC5FB6B" box="[312,402,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Uropod</emphasis>
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rami not strongly flattened, not forming part of continuous body outline; exopod lamellar, exopod reduced, mobile, inserted at anterolateral angle, lateral margin simple, smooth, distally narrowly rounded; endopod lamellar, distally acute.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA918275DFE88FACAD82CFA08" blockId="10.[264,1323,284,1870]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Female: No ovigerous females present in the material examined. Nonovigerous females similar to males except for sexual characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1368DA918275DFE88FA3ADE7DF8D0" blockId="10.[264,1323,284,1870]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE88FA3ADAC9FA23" box="[312,414,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks</emphasis>
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: The simple arcuate pleotelson with no trace of an exit channel or ventral excavation, anterior pereopods with a simple secondary unguis, and lamellar uropods suggest a similarity with genera such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA918275DFD77FA6ADF65F990" authority="Stebbing, 1900" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1900" box="[711,1074,1524,1550]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Exosphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFD77FA6AD821F993" box="[711,886,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Exosphaeroma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA918275DFC30FA6ADF65F990" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[896,1074,1524,1550]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="517 - 568" refId="ref7583" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1900) On some crustaceans from the Falkland Islands, collected by Mr. Rupert Vallentin. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1900, 517 - 568." type="journal article" year="1900">Stebbing, 1900</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA918275DFBC4FA6ADFA9F990" author="Bruce, N. L." box="[1140,1278,1524,1550]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="309 - 369" refId="ref6631" refString="Bruce, N. L. (2003) New genera and species of sphaeromatid isopod crustaceans from Australian marine coastal waters. Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 60 (2), 309 - 369." type="journal article" year="2003">Bruce 2003</bibRefCitation>
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for recent diagnosis and discussion of the genus) and the recently described endemic
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<collectingCountry id="F309761DA918275DFB41F982DA31F9C0" name="New Zealand" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA918275DFE0CF9DAD85AF9C0" authority="Sket & Bruce, 2004" authorityName="Sket & Bruce" authorityYear="2004" box="[444,781,1604,1630]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Bilistra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE0CF9DAD943F9C3" box="[444,532,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Bilistra</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA918275DFDACF9DAD85AF9C0" author="Sket, B. & Bruce, N. L." box="[540,781,1604,1630]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1347 - 1370" refId="ref7531" refString="Sket, B. & Bruce, N. L. (2004) Sphaeromatids (Isopoda, Sphaeromatidae) from New Zealand fresh and hypogean waters, with description of Bilistra n. gen. and three new species. Crustaceana, 76 (11), 1347 - 1370." type="journal article" year="2004">Sket & Bruce, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In contrast to those and other related genera, including the Northern Hemisphere freshwater and estuarine genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA918275DFBF0F9F2DAEFF930" authority="Menzies, 1954" authorityName="Menzies" authorityYear="1954" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Gnorimosphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFBF0F9F2DE7CF91B" box="[1088,1323,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Gnorimosphaeroma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA918275DFEB8F90ADAEFF930" author="Menzies, R. J." box="[264,440,1684,1710]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref7394" refString="Menzies, R. J. (1954) A review of the systematics and ecology of the genus Exosphaeroma with the description of a new genus, a new species and a new subspecies (Crustacea, Isopoda, Sphaeromatidae). American Museum, Novitates, 1683, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1954">Menzies, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA918275DFE76F90AD9D6F933" authority="Bruce, 2005" authorityName="Bruce" authorityYear="2005" box="[454,641,1684,1709]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Makarasphaera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFE76F90AD9D6F933" box="[454,641,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Makarasphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25957E4A918275DFD3AF90AD9A2F930" box="[650,757,1684,1710]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has the pleon reduced to a single segment with only a weak indication of a single suture on the posterior margin.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA918275DFB8DF922DFAFF94B" authorityName="Bruce" authorityYear="2005" box="[1085,1272,1724,1749]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Makarasphaera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFB8DF922DFAFF94B" box="[1085,1272,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Makarasphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has elongate penial processes, and the shape of the endopod and peduncle of pleopod 1 are more similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA918275DFD94F892D830F8B8" authority="Hansen, 1905" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1905" box="[548,871,1804,1830]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Dynamenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFD94F892D997F8BB" box="[548,704,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Dynamenella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA918275DFD77F892D830F8B8" author="Hansen, H. J." box="[711,871,1804,1830]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="302 - 331" refId="ref6886" refString="Hansen, H. J. (1905) On the morphology and classification of the Asellota group of Crustaceans with descriptions of the genus Stenetrium Haswell and its species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1904 (2 Suppl. II), 302 - 331." type="journal article" year="1905">Hansen, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA918275DFBA0F892DFE8F8BB" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1900" box="[1040,1215,1804,1829]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Exosphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA918275DFBA0F892DFE8F8BB" box="[1040,1215,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Exosphaeroma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as is the shape of the appendix masculina; the short pleonal suture running to the posterior margin
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1368DA919275CFEB8FE82DF6EFEC0" blockId="11.[264,1323,284,1230]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
of the pleon is further character shared with such genera as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFC6BFE82DF20FEAB" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1905" box="[987,1143,284,309]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Dynamenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFC6BFE82DF20FEAB" box="[987,1143,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Dynamenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFB05FE82D96CFEC0" authority="Harrison & Holdich, 1982" authorityName="Harrison & Holdich" authorityYear="1982" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Paradella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFB05FE82DE7DFEAB" box="[1205,1322,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Paradella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA919275CFEB8FEDAD96CFEC0" author="Harrison, K. & Holdich, D. M." box="[264,571,324,350]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="84 - 119" refId="ref7017" refString="Harrison, K. & Holdich, D. M. (1982) Revision of the genera Dynamenella, Ischyromene, Dynamenopsis, and Cymodocella (Crustacea: Isopoda), including a new genus and five new species of eubranchiate sphaeromatids from Queensland waters. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2 (1), 84 - 119." type="journal article" year="1982">Harrison & Holdich, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA919275CFDC9FEDAD8F2FEC0" author="Harrison, K. & Holdich, D. M." box="[633,933,324,350]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="84 - 119" refId="ref7017" refString="Harrison, K. & Holdich, D. M. (1982) Revision of the genera Dynamenella, Ischyromene, Dynamenopsis, and Cymodocella (Crustacea: Isopoda), including a new genus and five new species of eubranchiate sphaeromatids from Queensland waters. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2 (1), 84 - 119." type="journal article" year="1982">Harrison & Holdich 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for figures).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1368DA919275CFE88FEF2DFA4FD00" blockId="11.[264,1323,284,1230]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
The endemic and potentially sympatric genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFCECFEF2D8E3FE1B" authorityName="Sket & Bruce" authorityYear="2004" box="[860,948,364,389]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Bilistra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFCECFEF2D8E3FE1B" box="[860,948,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Bilistra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the genus is known only from the northern South Island), which has a similar body and uropod shape, can be easily distinguished by its larger size (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE69B68A919275CFDEAFE22D9ACFE48" box="[602,763,444,470]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="10.6" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="8.7" valueMax="10.6" valueMin="6.8">6.8–10.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, compared to under
|
||
<quantity id="4CE69B68A919275CFC5BFE22DF79FE48" box="[1003,1070,444,470]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFBEEFE22DE4EFE4B" authorityName="Bruce" authorityYear="2005" box="[1118,1305,444,469]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Makarasphaera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFBEEFE22DE4EFE4B" box="[1118,1305,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Makarasphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the head extending clear of pereonite 1 (vs. deeply immersed in pereonite 1), dense setulose fringe on the inferior margins of the pereopods and prominent, long sutures on the pleon; in addition the shape of the peduncle and endopod of pleopod 1 are dissimilar, and the appendix masculina of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFDF3FDC2D9CCFDEB" authorityName="Sket & Bruce" authorityYear="2004" box="[579,667,604,629]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Bilistra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFDF3FDC2D9CCFDEB" box="[579,667,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Bilistra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is slender and straight sided, extending well beyond the distal margin of the ramus (the penial processes for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFCD7FD1AD8E8FD03" authorityName="Sket & Bruce" authorityYear="2004" box="[871,959,644,669]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Bilistra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFCD7FD1AD8E8FD03" box="[871,959,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Bilistra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have not been described).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1368DA919275CFE88FD32D976FBE0" blockId="11.[264,1323,284,1230]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA919275CFE88FD32D95CFD58" author="Taberner, R." box="[312,523,684,710]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="59 - 64" refId="ref7723" refString="Taberner, R. (1988 b) Sobre las especies de agua dulce de la familia Sphaeromatidae (Isopoda, Flabellifera). II. Pseudosphaeroma platense (Giambiagi, 1922). Physis (Buenos Aires), Secc. B, 46 (111), 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="1988">Taberner (1988b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFCF7FD32DA18FD70" authority="(Giambiagi, 1922)" baseAuthorityName="Giambiagi" baseAuthorityYear="1922" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Pseudosphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFCF7FD32DFD8FD5B" box="[839,1167,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pseudosphaeroma platense</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA919275CFB16FD32DA11FD70" author="Giambiagi, D." pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="230 - 244" refId="ref6860" refString="Giambiagi, D. (1922) Cuatro nuevos isopodos de la Argentina. Physis (Buenos Aires), 5, 230 - 244." type="journal article" year="1922">Giambiagi, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, recorded from freshwater river beaches in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309761DA919275CFCFEFD4AD891FD70" box="[846,966,724,750]" name="Argentina" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Harrison (1984) excluded the species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFE14FD62D871FC88" authority="Chilton, 1909" authorityName="Chilton" authorityYear="1909" box="[420,806,764,790]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Pseudosphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFE14FD62D92CFC8B" box="[420,635,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pseudosphaeroma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B7CA919275CFD33FD62D871FC88" author="Chilton, C." box="[643,806,764,790]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="601 - 671" refId="ref6668" refString="Chilton, C. (1909) Article XXVI. - The Crustacea of the Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand. In: Chilton, C. (Ed.) The Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand. Reports on the geo-physics, geology, zoology, and botany of the islands lying to the south of New Zealand (Series Ed. Chilton, C.), Vol. 2. Philosophical Institute of Canterbury, Wellington, pp. 601 - 671." type="book chapter" year="1909">Chilton, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, commenting that a new genus would likely be necessary to contain the South American species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFCC6FCBADFE1FCA3" baseAuthorityName="Giambiagi" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[886,1206,804,829]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Pseudosphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFCC6FCBADFE1FCA3" box="[886,1206,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pseudosphaeroma platense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar in body form to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFE79FCD2D9D3FCFB" authorityName="Bruce" authorityYear="2005" box="[457,644,844,869]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Makarasphaera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFE79FCD2D9D3FCFB" box="[457,644,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Makarasphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the morphology of pleopod 1 and 2, the shape of the appendix masculina and the penial processes all differ substantially, and that species is not likely to belong in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFE4BFC02D9E1FC2B" authorityName="Bruce" authorityYear="2005" box="[507,694,924,949]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Makarasphaera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFE4BFC02D9E1FC2B" box="[507,694,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Makarasphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFD7AFC02D8F6FC2B" authorityName="Chilton" authorityYear="1909" box="[714,929,924,949]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Pseudosphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFD7AFC02D8F6FC2B" box="[714,929,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pseudosphaeroma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFBFCFC02DE50FC2B" authorityName="Bruce" authorityYear="2005" box="[1100,1287,924,949]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Makarasphaera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFBFCFC02DE50FC2B" box="[1100,1287,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Makarasphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having the posterior margin of the pleotelson upturned, two pleonal sutures running the lateral margins, both rami of pleopods 4 and 5 with thickened ridges, and short penial processes; all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFDA2FB8AD9BEFBB3" authorityName="Chilton" authorityYear="1909" box="[530,745,1044,1069]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Pseudosphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFDA2FB8AD9BEFBB3" box="[530,745,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pseudosphaeroma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
show some dorsal nodular ornamentation. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D0EA919275CFEE4FBA2D97CFBCB" authorityName="Chilton" authorityYear="1909" box="[340,555,1084,1109]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sphaeromatidae" genus="Pseudosphaeroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFEE4FBA2D97CFBCB" box="[340,555,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pseudosphaeroma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is represented in marine habitats around
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309761DA919275CFBBFFBA2DFF8FBC8" box="[1039,1199,1084,1110]" name="New Zealand" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but is not known from freshwater.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1368DA919275CFE88FB12D862FB50" blockId="11.[264,1323,284,1230]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFE88FB12DAE4FB3B" box="[312,435,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5882FA919275CFDB2FB12D963FB38" box="[514,564,1164,1190]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality name is used in combination with the ending –
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEA9FA919275CFB7CFB12DE7DFB3B" box="[1228,1322,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sphaera</emphasis>
|
||
to indicate the family affinity; gender feminine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |