treatments-xml/data/03/96/6A/03966A560F50C750BABF8AA1B110FC21.xml

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<mods:title id="A84EF45C5838823268030594776C156E">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03966A560F50C750BABF8AA1B110FC21" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7736974" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449635" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7736974" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F50C750BABF8AA1B110FC21" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F50C750BABF8AA1B110FC21" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F50C750BABF8AA1B7DDFE61" box="[151,691,402,429]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F50C750BABF8AA1B7DDFE61" blockId="59.[151,1437,402,1005]" box="[151,691,402,429]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750BABF8AA1B5A6FE61" bold="true" box="[151,200,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">104.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750BAE58AA0B7C0FE61" ID-CoL="5TZK4" ID-ENA="127002" authority="(De Geer, 1778)" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[205,686,402,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhinocerotis">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750BAE58AA0B49FFE61" bold="true" box="[205,497,402,429]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma rhinocerotis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BBD78AA1B7C8FE61" author="De Geer, C." box="[511,678,403,429]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref186736" refString="De Geer, C. (1778) Memoire pour servir a l'histoire des insectes, volume 7, P. Hesselberg, Stockholm, 950 pp." type="book" year="1778">De Geer, 1778</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F50C750B89F8AA1B6EEFDF1" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F50C750B89F8AA1B6EEFDF1" blockId="59.[151,1437,402,1005]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Afrotropical: 1) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750B9448AA1B1E9FE61" box="[876,1159,403,429]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
, 2) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BE868AA1B442FE1D" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
, 3) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BB7E8A85B4D6FE1D" box="[342,440,439,465]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
, 4) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BBC98A85B743FE1D" box="[481,557,439,465]" name="Kenya" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, 5) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750B87E8A85B7C0FE1D" box="[598,686,439,465]" name="Malawi" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Malawi</collectingCountry>
, 6) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750B8F08A85B601FE1D" box="[728,879,439,465]" name="Mozambique" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
, 7) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750B9B08A85B699FE1D" box="[920,1015,439,465]" name="Somalia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Somalia</collectingCountry>
, 8) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BE088A85B1DFFE1D" box="[1056,1201,439,465]" name="South Africa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, 9) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BEF38A85B002FE1D" box="[1243,1388,439,465]" name="South Sudan" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
, 10) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BABF8AE9B591FE39" box="[151,255,475,501]" name="Tanzania" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, 11) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BB1B8AE9B4E3FE39" box="[307,397,475,501]" name="Uganda" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Uganda</collectingCountry>
, 12) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BBE98AE9B777FE39" box="[449,537,475,501]" name="Zambia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Zambia</collectingCountry>
, 13) 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750B8678AE9B7A9FE39" box="[591,711,475,501]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750B8FC8AE9B6F3FE39" author="Hoogstraal, H." box="[724,925,474,501]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref202266" refString="Hoogstraal, H. (1956 a) African Ixodoidea. I. Ticks of the Sudan (with special reference to Equatoria Province and with preliminary reviews of the genera Boophilus, Margaropus and Hyalomma). Research Report NM 005 050. 29. 07, Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington D. C., 1101 pp." type="book" year="1956">
Hoogstraal 1956 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750B9B88AE8B6F3FE39" author="Hoffmann, A." box="[912,925,474,501]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="191 - 307" refId="ref202020" refString="Hoffmann, A. (1962) Monografia de los Ixodoidea de Mexico. I parte. Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural, 23, 191 - 307." type="journal article" year="1962">a</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, Theiler 1962, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BE6A8AE9B059FE39" author="Elbl A &amp; Anastos, G." box="[1090,1335,475,501]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref191008" refString="Elbl A. &amp; Anastos, G. (1966 a) Ixodid ticks (Acarina, Ixodidae) of Central Africa. Volume I. General introduction. Genus Amblyomma Koch, 1844. Annales du Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Serie 8, Sciences Zoologique s, (145), 1 - 275." type="journal article" year="1966">
Elbl &amp; Anastos 1966 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BF028AE9B059FE39" author="Aeschlimann, A." box="[1322,1335,475,501]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="281 - 405" refId="ref167319" refString="Aeschlimann, A. (1967) Biologie et ecologie des tiques (Ixodoidea) de Cote d'Ivoire. Acta Tropica, 24, 281 - 405." type="journal article" year="1967">a</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, Yeoman &amp; Walker 1967, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BB7B8ACDB488FDD5" author="Walker, J. B." box="[339,486,511,537]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref262953" refString="Walker, J. B. (1974) The ixodid ticks of Kenya. A review of present knowledge of their hosts and distribution. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, 220 pp." type="book" year="1974">Walker 1974</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BBDA8ACDB717FDD5" author="Morel, P. C." box="[498,633,511,537]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref232201" refString="Morel, P. C. (1980) Study on Ethiopian ticks. Institut de l'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Paris, 332 pp." type="book" year="1980">Morel 1980</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750B8AD8ACDB678FDD5" author="Norval, R. A. I." box="[645,790,511,537]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="3 - 18" refId="ref236545" refString="Norval, R. A. I. (1983) The ticks of Zimbabwe. VII. The genus Amblyomma. Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal, 14, 3 - 18." type="journal article" year="1983">Norval 1983</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750B90A8ACDB6A4FDD5" author="Keirans, J. E." box="[802,970,510,537]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 1785" refId="ref214582" refString="Keirans, J. E. (1985 b) George Henry Falkiner Nuttall and the Nuttall tick catalogue. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Miscellaneous Publication, (1438), 1 - 1785. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65326" type="journal article" year="1985">
Keirans 1985 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750B9938ACCB6A4FDD5" author="Walker, J. B. &amp; Olwage, A." box="[955,970,510,537]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="353 - 379" refId="ref263132" refString="Walker, J. B. &amp; Olwage, A. (1987) The tick vectors of Cowdria ruminantium (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae, genus Amblyomma) and their distribution. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 54, 353 - 379." type="journal article" year="1987">b</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, Matthysse &amp; Colbo 1987, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BF2A8ACDB0F9FDD5" author="Tandon, S. K." box="[1282,1431,511,537]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref256942" refString="Tandon, S. K. (1991) The ixodid ticks of Zambia (Acarina: Ixodidae). A study of distribution, ecology and host relationships. Occasional Paper of the Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 134, 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1991">Tandon 1991</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BABF8911B4CBFDF1" author="ElGhali, A. &amp; Hassan, S. M." box="[151,421,547,573]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref191264" refString="ElGhali, A. &amp; Hassan, S. M. (2012) Ticks infesting animals in the Sudan and southern Sudan: past and current status: research communication. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 79, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.4102 / ojvr. v 79 i 1.431" type="journal article" year="2012">ElGhali &amp; Hassan 2012</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BB988911B7CEFDF1" author="Uilenberg, G. &amp; Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Thal, J." box="[432,672,547,573]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref260920" refString="Uilenberg, G., Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Thal, J. (2013) Ticks of the Central African Republic. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 60, 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9605 - 2" type="journal article" year="2013">
Uilenberg 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750B80E8911B731FDF1" box="[550,607,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750B8838911B61AFDF1" author="Horak, I. G. &amp; Heyne, H. &amp; Williams, R. &amp; Gallivan, G. J. &amp; Spickett, A. &amp; Bezuidenhout, J. D. &amp; Estrada-Pena, A." box="[683,884,547,573]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref208796" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. &amp; Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
Horak 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750B8D08911B65FFDF1" box="[760,817,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F50C750BAEF8975B110FC21" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F50C750BAEF8975B44CFD49" blockId="59.[151,1437,402,1005]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750BAEF8975B48DFDAD" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[199,483,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhinocerotis">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750BAEF8975B48DFDAD" box="[199,483,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma rhinocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been confused with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750B9288975B143FDAD" baseAuthorityName="Denny" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[768,1069,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Dermacentor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhinocerinus">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750B9288975B143FDAD" box="[768,1069,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Dermacentor rhinocerinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and vice versa (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BEC28975B478FD49" author="Guglielmone, A. A. &amp; Nava, S." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref198957" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. &amp; Nava, S. (2014) Names for Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): valid, synonyms, incertae sedis, nomina dubia, nomina nuda, lapsus, incorrect and suppressed names - with notes on confusions and misidentifications. Zootaxa, 3767, 1 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3767.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Guglielmone &amp; Nava 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F50C750BAEF89BDB771FD00" blockId="59.[151,1437,402,1005]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Several records of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750BBB189BDB7DDFD65" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[409,691,655,681]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhinocerotis">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750BBB189BDB7DDFD65" box="[409,691,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma rhinocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been published under the name 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750BE7F89BDB058FD64" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1878" box="[1111,1334,655,681]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750BE7F89BDB058FD64" box="[1111,1334,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and, to a lesser extent, 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750BB188981B771FD00" box="[304,543,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750BB188981B775FD00" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1899" box="[304,539,691,717]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aureum">Amblyomma aureum</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F50C750BAEF89E5B013FCD9" blockId="59.[151,1437,402,1005]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
The current geographic distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750B85D89E5B6E0FD3D" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[629,910,727,753]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhinocerotis">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750B85D89E5B6E0FD3D" box="[629,910,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma rhinocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most probably narrower than depicted above because its chief hosts, rhinoceros, have been exterminated in several African territories (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BE5589C9B01FFCD9" author="Uilenberg, G. &amp; Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Thal, J." box="[1149,1393,763,789]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref260920" refString="Uilenberg, G., Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Thal, J. (2013) Ticks of the Central African Republic. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 60, 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9605 - 2" type="journal article" year="2013">
Uilenberg 
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750BEDD89C9B040FCD9" box="[1269,1326,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F50C750BAEF882DB110FC21" blockId="59.[151,1437,402,1005]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750BAEF882DB4E7FCF5" authority="Guglielmone &amp; Nava &amp; Robbins, 2023" authorityName="Guglielmone &amp; Nava &amp; Robbins" authorityYear="2023" box="[199,393,799,825]" pageId="59" pageNumber="231" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BAEF882DB4E7FCF5" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[199,393,799,825]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="107 - 294" refId="ref235222" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1899) Revision de la famille des ixodides (3 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 12, 107 - 294." type="journal article" year="1899">Neumann (1899)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
described 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750B821882DB79AFCF4" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1899" box="[521,756,799,825]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aureum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750B821882DB79AFCF4" box="[521,756,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma aureum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750B986882DB1A5FCF5" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[942,1227,799,825]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhinocerotis">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750B986882DB1A5FCF5" box="[942,1227,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma rhinocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and associated it with a tick found in 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BBAC8871B49AFC91" box="[388,500,835,861]" name="Indonesia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, but this claim was not repeated in his subsequent papers. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750BEBF8871B038FC91" authority="Guglielmone &amp; Nava &amp; Robbins, 2023" authorityName="Guglielmone &amp; Nava &amp; Robbins" authorityYear="2023" box="[1175,1366,835,861]" pageId="59" pageNumber="231" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">Neumann (1911)</taxonomicName>
listed 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BABF8855B586FC4D" box="[151,232,871,897]" name="Liberia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Liberia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BB0B8855B4C4FC4D" box="[291,426,871,897]" name="Madagascar" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
as lying within the geographic distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750B9ED8855B1C9FC4C" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1878" box="[965,1191,871,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750B9ED8855B1C9FC4C" box="[965,1191,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, another synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750BABF88B9B4DFFC69" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[151,433,907,933]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhinocerotis">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750BABF88B9B4DFFC69" box="[151,433,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma rhinocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but these countries were considered outside the range of this tick by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BE9488B9B0F6FC69" author="Hoogstraal, H." box="[1212,1432,906,933]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="ref202266" refString="Hoogstraal, H. (1956 a) African Ixodoidea. I. Ticks of the Sudan (with special reference to Equatoria Province and with preliminary reviews of the genera Boophilus, Margaropus and Hyalomma). Research Report NM 005 050. 29. 07, Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington D. C., 1101 pp." type="book" year="1956">Hoogstraal (1956a)</bibRefCitation>
. However, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F50C750BB25889DB772FC05" author="Elbl A &amp; Anastos, G." box="[269,540,943,969]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref191008" refString="Elbl A. &amp; Anastos, G. (1966 a) Ixodid ticks (Acarina, Ixodidae) of Central Africa. Volume I. General introduction. Genus Amblyomma Koch, 1844. Annales du Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Serie 8, Sciences Zoologique s, (145), 1 - 275." type="journal article" year="1966">Elbl &amp; Anastos (1966a)</bibRefCitation>
listed the presence of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750B909889DB152FC05" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[801,1084,943,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhinocerotis">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750B909889DB152FC05" box="[801,1084,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma rhinocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BE4C889DB1DBFC05" box="[1124,1205,943,969]" name="Liberia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Liberia</collectingCountry>
as valid. We do not include 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BAD988E1B40FFC21" box="[241,353,979,1005]" name="Indonesia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BB4388E1B4D2FC21" box="[363,444,979,1005]" name="Liberia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Liberia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F50C750BBDB88E1B714FC21" box="[499,634,979,1005]" name="Madagascar" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
within the range of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F50C750B97488E1B118FC21" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[860,1142,979,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhinocerotis">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F50C750B97488E1B118FC21" box="[860,1142,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Amblyomma rhinocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>