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<document id="ECEC5AF6E58A30452712C0D086DA5FC4" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.630.3.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10409920" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1703072968181" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kessler, Michael, Smith, Alan R., Øllgaard, Benjamin, Matos, Fernando B. &amp; Moran, Robbin C." docDate="2023" docId="03923D56C639A03271B2FC15FA43E590" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.630.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 630 (3)" docSource="https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/download/phytotaxa.630.3.2/51376" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Serpocaulon" docType="key" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="199" masterDocId="FFAB452EC636A022713AFFFDFFE8E631" masterDocTitle="Prodromus of a fern flora of Bolivia. XLII. Update I." masterLastPageNumber="210" masterPageNumber="183" pageNumber="198" updateTime="1703260205392" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="AF17E44F60DDBAD7ADD55A598F127683">Prodromus of a fern flora of Bolivia. XLII. Update I.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E4B89DD2D0061D392EE358021DB54F25">Kessler, Michael</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AE7B781A0EEEF7ED8F89B71D4E9DB6D9">Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="0AC9D66A5A0CF9BCF2B2A5FC76E97F29">University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0A876B2224C5853B12009AF418BE2CE9">Øllgaard, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="954E5B20102096DEB8FA6099DDEC7871">Department of Biology - Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Ny Munkegade 116, building 1137, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.</mods:affiliation>
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Key to the Bolivian species of
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<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D70D6FC1AFD96E233" bold="true" box="[492,638,999,1026]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">Serpocaulon</emphasis>
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Blades simple .................................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D740AFBD8FA42E20A" ID-CoL="6YKRL" box="[1328,1450,1061,1083]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="levigatum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D740AFBD8FA42E20A" bold="true" box="[1328,1450,1061,1083]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. levigatum</emphasis>
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- Blades pinnatifid to 1-pinnate ..........................................................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A5FBBFFA43E266" bold="true" box="[1439,1451,1090,1111]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">2</emphasis>
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Blades distally pinnatifid ..................................................................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A5FBA2FA43E245" bold="true" box="[1439,1451,1119,1140]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">3</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2FB81FA43E2A1" box="[136,1451,1147,1170]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
- Blades fully pinnate, each with a conform apical pinna .................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A9FB86FA43E2A1" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,1147,1168]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">15</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2FB65FA43E29C" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,1176,1198]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2FB65FA43E29C" box="[136,1451,1176,1198]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D71B2FB65FF7CE29C" bold="true" box="[136,148,1176,1197]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">3</emphasis>
Rhizomes long-creeping; rhizome scales scattered, covering &lt;10% of the rhizome surfaces (except at the apices) ......................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A5FB65FA43E29C" bold="true" box="[1439,1451,1176,1197]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">4</emphasis>
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- Rhizomes short- to long-creeping; rhizome scales dense, covering 30100% of rhizome surfaces ................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A5FB48FA43E2FB" bold="true" box="[1439,1451,1205,1226]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">6</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2FB2FFA43E335" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
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Veins mostly or partly free; rhizomes
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diam., brown to black; rhizome scales
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long, attenuate, brown, sometimes spreading .............................................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D7471FB12FA43E335" ID-CoL="6YKTG" box="[1355,1451,1262,1284]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="funckii">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D7471FB12FA43E335" bold="true" box="[1355,1451,1262,1284]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. funckii</emphasis>
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- At least one row of closed areoles on each side of the costae; rhizomes
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diam., glaucous; rhizome scales
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long, rounded, dark brown, appressed .......................................................................................................................................................
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Rhizomes
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diam.; rhizome scales rounded to elliptic, appressed; blades lanceolate, truncate to slightly reduced and with a decurrent wing at the base, densely pubescent along rachis abaxially, membranaceous to papyraceous .................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D7422FA9FFA42E349" ID-CoL="6YKTB" box="[1304,1450,1378,1400]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dasypleuron">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D7422FA9FFA42E349" bold="true" box="[1304,1450,1378,1400]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. dasypleuron</emphasis>
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- Rhizomes
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diam.; rhizome scales deltate to lanceolate, patent at tips; blades ovate-lanceolate, truncate and broadest at the base, glabrescent or with scattered hairs on rachis abaxially ....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D742FFA61FA43E380" ID-CoL="4WWF6" box="[1301,1451,1435,1457]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subandinum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D742FFA61FA43E380" bold="true" box="[1301,1451,1435,1457]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. subandinum</emphasis>
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Rhizome scales round to lanceolate with obtuse apices ...................................................................................................................
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- Rhizome scales lanceolate with attenuate apices .............................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A5FA28FA43E3DB" bold="true" box="[1439,1451,1493,1514]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">9</emphasis>
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7 Rhizome scales
<quantity id="4CC321A5C639A02D7055FA0FFE38E039" box="[367,464,1522,1544]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.5">1.53 mm</quantity>
wide, loosely arranged ..............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D75CFFA0FFA43E039" ID-CoL="6YL59" box="[1269,1451,1522,1544]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crystalloneuron">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D75CFFA0FFA43E039" bold="true" box="[1269,1451,1522,1544]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. crystalloneuron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F9F2FA43E015" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,1551,1573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F9F2FA43E015" box="[136,1451,1551,1573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
- Rhizome scales to
<quantity id="4CC321A5C639A02D70BDF9F2FE56E015" box="[391,446,1551,1572]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
wide, appressed ........................................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A5F9F2FA43E015" bold="true" box="[1439,1451,1551,1572]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">8</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C639A02D71B2F9D6FA43E0A9" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F9D6FA43E06C" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F9D6FA43E06C" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D71B2F9D6FF7CE071" bold="true" box="[136,148,1579,1600]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">8</emphasis>
Sori in one row between costae and pinna margins; rhizomes
<quantity id="4CC321A5C639A02D7213F9D6FC91E070" box="[809,889,1579,1601]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">58 mm</quantity>
diam.; rhizome scales narrowly ovate, rounded to usually acute apically; leaves
<quantity id="4CC321A5C639A02D709CF9B5FDEDE06F" box="[422,517,1608,1630]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" unit="cm" value="42.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="25.0">2560 cm</quantity>
long ...........................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D7413F9B5FA43E06C" ID-CoL="6YL5J" box="[1321,1451,1608,1629]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intricatum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D7413F9B5FA43E06C" bold="true" box="[1321,1451,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. intricatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F99BFA43E0A9" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F99BFA43E0A9" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
- Sori in (1)23 rows between costae and pinna margins; rhizomes
<quantity id="4CC321A5C639A02D7266F998FC50E04A" box="[860,952,1637,1659]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.0">711 mm</quantity>
diam.; rhizome scales rounded; leaves
<quantity id="4CC321A5C639A02D7405F998FA43E04A" box="[1343,1451,1637,1659]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" unit="cm" value="80.0" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="50.0">50110 cm</quantity>
long ..............................................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D741FF97FFA43E0A9" ID-CoL="6YL5H" box="[1317,1451,1666,1688]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latissimum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D741FF97FFA43E0A9" bold="true" box="[1317,1451,1666,1688]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. latissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C639A02D71B2F962FA43E0E1" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F962FA43E085" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,1695,1717]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F962FA43E085" box="[136,1451,1695,1717]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D71B2F962FF7CE085" bold="true" box="[136,148,1695,1716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">9</emphasis>
Phyllopodia separated 12(3) times the rhizome diameter; blades often folded longitudinally ....................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A9F962FA43E085" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,1695,1716]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">10</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F941FA43E0E1" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,1723,1746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F941FA43E0E1" box="[136,1451,1723,1746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
- Phyllopodia separated (3)520 times the rhizome diameter; blades usually not folded ................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A9F946FA43E0E1" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,1723,1744]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">12</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C639A02D71B2F925FA43E13B" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F925FA43E0DF" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,1752,1774]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F925FA43E0DF" box="[136,1451,1752,1774]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D71B2F925FF48E0DC" bold="true" box="[136,160,1752,1773]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">10</emphasis>
Rhizome scales orange-brown, concolorous ....................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D747BF925FA43E0DF" ID-CoL="4WWDW" box="[1345,1451,1752,1774]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australe">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D747BF925FA43E0DF" bold="true" box="[1345,1451,1752,1774]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. australe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F90BFA43E13B" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,1781,1803]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F90BFA43E13B" box="[136,1451,1781,1803]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
- Rhizome scales bicolorous with dark brown centers .....................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74AEF908FA43E13B" bold="true" box="[1428,1451,1781,1802]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">11</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C639A02D71B2F8EFFA43E1AB" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F8EFFA42E150" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F8EFFA42E150" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D71B2F8EFFF77E116" bold="true" box="[136,159,1810,1831]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">11</emphasis>
Blades ovate, oblong-lanceolate, each with 1635 pairs of segments; rhizome scales 38 ×
<quantity id="4CC321A5C639A02D750AF8EFFB6AE119" box="[1072,1154,1810,1832]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">13 mm</quantity>
, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, patent, bicolorous to rarely slightly concolorous, light brown at margins and dark brown toward center, apices long-acuminate, curved margins erose, dentate to ciliate ............................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D747AF8B1FA42E150" ID-CoL="6YL5K" box="[1344,1450,1867,1889]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiopus">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D747AF8B1FA42E150" bold="true" box="[1344,1450,1867,1889]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. lasiopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F894FA43E1AB" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F894FA43E1AB" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
- Blades narrowly deltate to elliptical, linear, each with 3549 pairs of segments; rhizome scales 14 ×
<quantity id="4CC321A5C639A02D75A4F894FB30E14F" box="[1182,1240,1897,1918]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, subulate, light brown at margins and dark reddish toward center, apices caudate to acuminate, margins erose ................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D747BF878FA43E1AB" ID-CoL="6YKRN" box="[1345,1451,1925,1946]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wagneri">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D747BF878FA43E1AB" bold="true" box="[1345,1451,1925,1946]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. wagneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C639A02D71B2F85FFA43E1E5" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F85FFA43E189" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,1954,1976]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F85FFA43E189" box="[136,1451,1954,1976]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D71B2F85FFF48E186" bold="true" box="[136,160,1954,1975]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">12</emphasis>
Rhizome scales scattered, at least behind the apex; rhizomes partly bare, glaucous ..........................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D75CFF85FFA43E189" ID-CoL="6YL59" box="[1269,1451,1954,1976]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crystalloneuron">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D75CFF85FFA43E189" bold="true" box="[1269,1451,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. crystalloneuron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F842FA43E1E5" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,1983,2005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F842FA43E1E5" box="[136,1451,1983,2005]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
- Rhizome scales dense; rhizomes fully covered by scales, brown to blackish ................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A9F842FA43E1E5" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,1983,2004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">13</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C639A02D71B2F826FA43EE3C" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F826FA43E1C0" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,2011,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F826FA43E1C0" box="[136,1451,2011,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D71B2F826FF48E1C1" bold="true" box="[136,160,2011,2032]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">13</emphasis>
Rhizome scales more or less uniformly colored, the central cells translucent ...........................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C639A02D7421F821FA43E1C0" ID-CoL="6YL4X" box="[1307,1451,2011,2033]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="198" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolorum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D7421F821FA43E1C0" bold="true" box="[1307,1451,2011,2033]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">S. concolorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C639A02D71B2F804FA43EE3C" blockId="15.[136,1452,1061,2062]" box="[136,1451,2040,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C639A02D71B2F804FA43EE3C" box="[136,1451,2040,2062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">
- Rhizome scales sharply bicolorous, the central cells dark, opaque ................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C639A02D74A9F805FA43EE3C" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,2040,2061]" pageId="15" pageNumber="198">14</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FF62FA43E73A" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FF62FA43E6E0" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FF62FA43E6E0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FF62FF48E685" bold="true" box="[136,160,159,180]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">14</emphasis>
Rhizomes 35(7) mm diam.; rhizome scales tightly appressed; blades lanceolate, (5)
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A0327526FF62FB99E684" box="[1052,1137,159,181]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">812 cm</quantity>
wide, proximal several pairs of pinnae somewhat shortened and deflexed ....................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A0327413FF41FA43E6E0" ID-CoL="6YL5J" box="[1321,1451,188,209]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intricatum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A0327413FF41FA43E6E0" bold="true" box="[1321,1451,188,209]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. intricatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FF24FA43E73A" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FF24FA43E73A" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Rhizomes
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A0327003FF25FE7DE6DF" box="[313,405,216,238]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">510 mm</quantity>
diam.; rhizome scales somewhat spreading, appressed at the peltate base, many curving outward at the tips; blades ovate or broadly lanceolate, 1220+ cm wide, proximal pair the largest or nearly so and spreading .................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A0327403FF08FA43E73A" ID-CoL="4WWF9" box="[1337,1451,245,267]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vacillans">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A0327403FF08FA43E73A" bold="true" box="[1337,1451,245,267]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. vacillans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FEEFFA43E775" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FEEFFA43E716" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,274,296]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FEEFFA43E716" box="[136,1451,274,296]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FEEFFF48E716" bold="true" box="[136,160,274,295]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">15</emphasis>
Sori in 1 row between the costae and the pinna margins ................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03274A9FEEFFA43E716" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,274,295]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">16</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FECDFA43E775" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,303,325]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FECDFA43E775" box="[136,1451,303,325]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Sori in (1)28 rows between the costae and the pinna margins .....................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03274A9FED2FA43E775" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,303,324]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">17</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FEB1FA43E74F" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FEB1FA42E750" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1450,332,354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FEB1FA42E750" box="[136,1450,332,354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FEB1FF48E750" bold="true" box="[136,160,332,353]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">16</emphasis>
Blades deeply pinnatisect; pinnae 1.52(3) cm wide; areoles in 36 rows between costae and pinna margins .........
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A032741AFEB1FA42E750" ID-CoL="4WWDV" box="[1312,1450,332,353]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="attenuatum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A032741AFEB1FA42E750" bold="true" box="[1312,1450,332,353]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. attenuatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FE94FA43E74F" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,360,383]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FE94FA43E74F" box="[136,1451,360,383]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Blades fully 1-pinnate; pinnae
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A03270C1FE94FD8EE74F" box="[507,614,361,382]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.7">0.71.3 cm</quantity>
wide; areoles in 1 row between costae and pinna margins ....................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A032742FFE94FA43E74F" ID-CoL="4WWF4" box="[1301,1451,360,382]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sessilifolium">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A032742FFE94FA43E74F" bold="true" box="[1301,1451,360,382]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. sessilifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FE78FA43E786" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FE78FA43E7AB" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,389,411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FE78FA43E7AB" box="[136,1451,389,411]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FE78FF48E7AB" bold="true" box="[136,160,389,410]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">17</emphasis>
Proximal pinnae at least partly adnate ............................................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03274A9FE78FA43E7AB" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,389,410]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">18</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FE5EFA43E786" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,418,440]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FE5EFA43E786" box="[136,1451,418,440]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Proximal pinnae not or barely adnate .............................................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03274A9FE5FFA43E786" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,418,439]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">19</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FE42FA43E7C0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FE42FA43E7E4" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,447,469]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FE42FA43E7E4" box="[136,1451,447,469]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FE42FF48E7E5" bold="true" box="[136,160,447,468]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">18</emphasis>
Costae and rachises glabrous or with 2-celled glandular hairs ........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A0327403FE42FA43E7E4" ID-CoL="4WWF8" box="[1337,1451,447,469]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triseriale">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A0327403FE42FA43E7E4" bold="true" box="[1337,1451,447,469]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. triseriale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FE21FA43E7C0" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,475,498]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FE21FA43E7C0" box="[136,1451,475,498]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Costae and rachises densely pubescent, with 5- to 12-celled hairs .................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A0327401FE21FA43E7C0" ID-CoL="6YL42" box="[1339,1451,475,497]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="richardii">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A0327401FE21FA43E7C0" bold="true" box="[1339,1451,475,497]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. richardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FE05FA43E476" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FE05FA43E43F" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,504,527]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FE05FA43E43F" box="[136,1451,504,527]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FE05FF48E43C" bold="true" box="[136,160,504,525]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">19</emphasis>
Rhizome scales ovate-lanceolate,
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A0327322FE04FD8FE43F" box="[536,615,505,526]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">48 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A032739EFE04FD1BE43F" box="[676,755,505,526]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">27 mm</quantity>
wide, concolorous; areoles of medial pinnae 56100 rows ..........
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A032744BFE04FA43E43F" ID-CoL="6YL3Q" box="[1393,1451,505,526]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rex">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A032744BFE04FA43E43F" bold="true" box="[1393,1451,505,526]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. rex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FDEBFA43E476" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FDEBFA43E476" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Rhizome scales ± round to lanceolate,
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A032737CFDEBFD48E41A" box="[582,672,534,555]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="1.0">111 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A03273E7FDEBFCC4E41A" box="[733,812,534,555]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">13 mm</quantity>
wide, often bicolorous; areoles of medial pinnae 1650 rows ....... .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03274A9FDCFFA43E476" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,562,583]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">20</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FDB2FA43E4B0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FDB2FA43E454" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,591,613]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FDB2FA43E454" box="[136,1451,591,613]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FDB2FF48E455" bold="true" box="[136,160,591,612]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">20</emphasis>
Rhizome scales spreading, long-acuminate, strongly clathrate, iridescent ................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A0327427FDB2FA43E454" ID-CoL="6YKT9" box="[1309,1451,591,613]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="articulatum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A0327427FDB2FA43E454" bold="true" box="[1309,1451,591,613]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. articulatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FD91FA43E4B0" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,620,642]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FD91FA43E4B0" box="[136,1451,620,642]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Rhizome scales appressed to slightly spreading, obtuse to acuminate, weakly or partially clathrate, dull ..................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03274A9FD91FA43E4B0" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,620,641]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">21</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FD75FA43E48B" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FD75FA43E4AF" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,648,671]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FD75FA43E4AF" box="[136,1451,648,671]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FD75FF48E4AC" bold="true" box="[136,160,648,669]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">21</emphasis>
Both blade surfaces densely pubescent, with spreading, hyaline to yellowish, septate hairs
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A032750DFD74FB6EE4AF" box="[1079,1158,649,670]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">12 mm</quantity>
long ................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A032741DFD74FA43E4AF" ID-CoL="4WWDT" box="[1319,1451,649,670]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="appressum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A032741DFD74FA43E4AF" bold="true" box="[1319,1451,649,670]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. appressum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FD5BFA43E48B" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" box="[136,1451,677,699]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FD5BFA43E48B" box="[136,1451,677,699]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Blades glabrous .............................................................................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03274A9FD58FA43E48B" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,677,698]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">22</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FD3FFA43E51C" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FD3FFA43E4C4" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FD3FFA43E4C4" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FD3FFF48E4E6" bold="true" box="[136,160,706,727]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">22</emphasis>
Rhizomes about
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A032704EFD3FFE4BE4E9" box="[372,419,706,728]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
diam.; distal pinnae slightly adnate; 5 or 6 rows of sori on each side of the costae; pinnae
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A032743FFD3FFAA4E4E9" box="[1285,1356,706,728]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">45 cm</quantity>
wide ...... .....................................................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A0327427FD22FA43E4C4" ID-CoL="6YKT9" box="[1309,1451,735,757]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="articulatum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A0327427FD22FA43E4C4" bold="true" box="[1309,1451,735,757]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. articulatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FD01FA43E51C" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FD01FA43E51C" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Rhizomes &lt;
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A0327072FD01FE97E520" box="[328,383,764,786]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
diam.; distal pinnae free to very slightly adnate; 24 rows of sori on each side of the costae; pinnae
<quantity id="4CC321A5C626A032746BFD01FA43E520" box="[1361,1451,764,786]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" unit="cm" value="2.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.5">1.54 cm</quantity>
wide ................................................................................................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03274A9FCE5FA43E51C" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,792,813]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">23</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30CF94E5C626A03271B2FCC8FA43E590" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FCC8FA42E559" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FCC8FA42E559" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A03271B2FCC8FF48E57B" bold="true" box="[136,160,821,842]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">23</emphasis>
Rhizome scales roundish, obtuse to obtusely acuminate, appressed, sharply bicolorous with raised, dark centers and broad, appressed pale margins ............................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A0327436FCAFFA42E559" ID-CoL="6YL5F" box="[1292,1450,850,872]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fraxinifolium">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A0327436FCAFFA42E559" bold="true" box="[1292,1450,850,872]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. fraxinifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848C40C626A03271B2FC8DFA43E590" blockId="16.[136,1452,159,929]" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30CA2F75C626A03271B2FC8DFA43E590" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">
- Rhizome scales lanceolate, acuminate, appressed to slightly spreading, weakly bicolorous with narrow pale margins .................... ....................................................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C3BF7C3C626A0327423FC71FA43E590" ID-CoL="6YKRQ" box="[1305,1451,907,929]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Serpocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polystichum">
<emphasis id="B94F5052C626A0327423FC71FA43E590" bold="true" box="[1305,1451,907,929]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="199">S. polystichum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>