176 lines
23 KiB
XML
176 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="D12B771278CEE83EE04281462D0A235E">An updated inventory of sea slugs from Koh Tao, Thailand, with notes on their ecology and a dramatic biodiversity increase for Thai waters</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1E8BB88DAE91A8FB328403EC42E4BF43">Mehrotra, Rahul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F4E6DBBDC993D1BB1B82928296CDF0C7">Reef Biology Research Group. Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Aow Thai Marine Ecology Center, Koh Mun Nai, Kram, Klaeng District, Rayong 21110, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F2A2D64C02ECF938445F4267A4A2A604">A. Caballer Gutierrez, Manuel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="425205E04E253350D0C7FF9AA4590E01">American University of Paris, Department of Computer Science Math and Environmental Science, 6 rue du Colonel Combes, 75007 Paris, France & Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 55 rue de Buffon, 75005 Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="430CC29BC1B435FDF7EFEBE341E0EEA5">M. Scott, Chad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="342ED78030DC01F4089BDCC36B7FF051">Conservation Diver. 7321 Timber Trail Road, Evergreen, Colorado, 80439, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5175A04117EE5DE09D1266DEB1FFC6C1">Arnold, Spencer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="214A888C64806476379603CDF88755C8">Conservation Diver. 7321 Timber Trail Road, Evergreen, Colorado, 80439, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A978206A5BE3186F7CA3E8366C2ABD9E">Monchanin, Coline</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="93351CBFCFD8D9E1EF89A34B94A7B490">Aow Thai Marine Ecology Center, Koh Mun Nai, Kram, Klaeng District, Rayong 21110, Thailand & Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA), Center for Integrative Biology (CBI); CNRS, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1C0B8B206D3D57A9EF5CF4D9EE74EB0E">Viyakarn, Voranop</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FB2895D982DC61563BA89E451B4EB41B" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-6356</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="BE07FE1568D9FC9586F3DC05155EB0BC">Reef Biology Research Group. Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2E7E9990AF8307EF0CA856F08CD07CF1">Chavanich, Suchana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4233765AF5346C17B57D7F79833BEF6E" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6266-7300</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A36C8346846BC49944F0C46E4AA71E96">Reef Biology Research Group. Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="372545595761FDE06F727DE143ED0B8B" type="email">suchana.c@chula.ac.th</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="6B07616C903A8618C1F00354A226B7D2">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5F04BF3EE0BFDC0D162C0688DA96EC48">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6CEEFE8EE8E80792D3BAB96073F810EE">2021-06-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="88C30D64E7BDBFFB846FB5F72CD8668C">1042</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="25A0F494BDF9097B24F3FD5C17CCF441">73</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="719A924A72E4390F5DD956B5EA4BCBE5">188</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="9E33F090732506D9FECD3EEA72073418">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1042.64474</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="5CDA7E80095D087F024A1C93B0E5A611">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="652ACE549FEBF3919D9A5BA89EB4E817" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1042.64474</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="299F959EBCA9563E960B462177E8F141" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182642707" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:299F959EBCA9563E960B462177E8F141" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/299F959EBCA9563E960B462177E8F141" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection id="5EB7B4724FFDFEDC75CC8495C0199E72" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="58DB210F051EE128D7CA9FCE392A2635" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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*
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<taxonomicName id="C801F1C71A60B839C168139A11173A40" ID-CoL="6F5ZB" LSID="299F959E-BCA9-563E-960B-462177E8F141" authority="(Pease, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Pease" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elysia marginata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="marginata">Elysia cf. marginata (Pease, 1871)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="37E1861822A9601E56A284153A63F2A7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Costasiella cf. kuroshimae 6 mm B Costasiella usagi 6 mm C Limapontiidae sp. 3 mm D Plakobranchus noctisstellatus 21 mm (photograph by Pau Urgell Plaza) E Plakobranchus ocellatus 32 mm F Plakobranchus papua 27 mm G Plakobranchus papua 21 mm on Holothuria edulis H Elysia aowthai 12 mm I Elysia asbecki 15 mm J Elysia cf. marginata 70 mm K Elysia mercieri 12 mm L Elysia obtusa 9 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1042.64474.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553098" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 4J</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="419FF828B7BF7D2AEFF003BAD31908B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="06E96DBF3D590950188B95B34EEA0BCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="178718AA156FD9B7BEADDE33AB68B797" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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Three specimens
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<quantity id="E0AAE69D92EEFD3C3D6BA4C3CB71AE6B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" metricValueMax="8.2" metricValueMin="6.5" unit="mm" value="73.5" valueMax="82.0" valueMin="65.0">65-82 mm</quantity>
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, CB.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7E902C369C243FF42F7205F2DE988F0F" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="8E0EE4947BB8A0ACD9198466546C0C08" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A7661BCC90A840C934DB9A99C16730E" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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Mostly recorded from specimens inhabiting a shallow, isolated patch of
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<taxonomicName id="1196A6E742DF23D4EE4EAF16916F1ABF" authorityName="Decaisne" authorityYear="1841" class="Bryopsidophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Halimeda macroloba" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="macroloba">
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<emphasis id="0CECADA52C6BAC93729513A0B448F46C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Halimeda macroloba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Decaisne, 1841 in soft sediment habits, although presumably feeding on other nearby algae. Also observed from shallow coral reef habitats, rarely. Depth 0.5-6 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D8D6FD5655709C6E8BEBBD6D280124AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="64FEE13857E9B962BD3746B8F81EAF44" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="066FBC5533D26E7E37D8054672DA7480" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="0DAB242CD75AFF11A652A520C617FC99" baseAuthorityName="Pease" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elysia marginata" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="marginata">
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<emphasis id="C9752624D41D21DCB90519B0E6BE5A7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Elysia marginata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is at present recorded from the Indo-Pacific including Myanmar (
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<bibRefCitation id="6FE633D40F4690E41D101351699579DE" author="Sanpanich, K" journalOrPublisher="Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="45 - 60" refId="B226" refString="Sanpanich, K, Duangdee, T, 2019. A survey of marine mollusc diversity in the Southern Mergui archipelago, Myanmar. Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin 75: 45 - 60" title="A survey of marine mollusc diversity in the Southern Mergui archipelago, Myanmar." volume="75" year="2019">Sanpanich and Duangdee 2019</bibRefCitation>
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), Vietnam (
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<bibRefCitation id="935A706B10B26D76846665D270D55CBC" author="Martynov, AV" editor="Britayev, TA" journalOrPublisher="KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="142 - 257" refId="B154" refString="Martynov, AV, Korshunova, TA, 2012. Opisthobranch molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia). In: Britayev, TA, Pavlov, DS, Eds., Benthic fauna of the Bay of Nhatrang, Southern Vietnam. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow: 142 - 257" title="Opisthobranch molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)." volumeTitle="Benthic fauna of the Bay of Nhatrang, Southern Vietnam." year="2012">Martynov and Korshunova 2012</bibRefCitation>
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), Indonesia (
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<bibRefCitation id="A6FA670116332D1C92BEC0A5B53CD05D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B293" refString="Yonow, N, Jensen, KR, 2018. Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology 147: 1 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" title="Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" volume="147" year="2018">Yonow and Jensen 2018</bibRefCitation>
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), Australia (
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<bibRefCitation id="8BE9747C5DA6B0BCF65FE2829D39B24F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/RS16011" author="Nimbs, M" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="44 - 113" refId="B176" refString="Nimbs, M, Smith, S, 2016. An illustrated inventory of the sea slugs of New South Wales, Australia (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 128: 44 - 113, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/RS16011" title="An illustrated inventory of the sea slugs of New South Wales, Australia (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/RS16011" volume="128" year="2016">Nimbs and Smith 2016</bibRefCitation>
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), Japan, Guam, French Polynesia, Vanuatu, and Hawaii (
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<bibRefCitation id="5D1F1805E9816F727FE044924BE999B7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.07.009" author="Krug, P" journalOrPublisher="Molecular phylogenetics and evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="1101 - 1119" refId="B141" refString="Krug, P, Vendetti, J, Rodriguez, A, Retana, J, Hirano, Y, Trowbridge, C, 2013. Integrative species delimitation in photosynthetic sea slugs reveals twenty candidate species in three nominal taxa studied for drug discovery, plastid symbiosis or biological control. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 69: 1101 - 1119, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.07.009" title="Integrative species delimitation in photosynthetic sea slugs reveals twenty candidate species in three nominal taxa studied for drug discovery, plastid symbiosis or biological control." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.07.009" volume="69" year="2013">Krug et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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). Specimens from South Africa, Madagascar, and
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<normalizedToken id="ACB1110EBD0A28E2C5484C34EE4E39DD" originalValue="Réunion">Reunion</normalizedToken>
|
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="83A4764662C8066A2E1A67EA777DD53A" author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="Sea Challengers Natural History Books, Gig Harbor" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" refId="B94" refString="Gosliner, TM, Behrens, D, Valdes, A, 2008. Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books, Gig Harbor" title="Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna." year="2008">Gosliner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="B34A7B1C6F6CE817F3A1CC2A2185747E" baseAuthorityName="Swainson" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elysia ornata" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ornata">
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<emphasis id="5CFC7CACD693F348B4D274932ECC9503" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Elysia ornata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) also are likely to correspond to this complex. Known from the Andaman waters of Thailand (
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<bibRefCitation id="904716153B28D3FAA822B13E0056A4B8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" author="Jensen, KR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="257 - 296" refId="B114" refString="Jensen, KR, 1992. Anatomy of some Indo-Pacific Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa)), with a discussion of the generic division and phylogeny. Journal of Molluscan Studies 58: 257 - 296, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" title="Anatomy of some Indo-Pacific Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia: Sacoglossa (= Ascoglossa )), with a discussion of the generic division and phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/58.3.257" volume="58" year="1992">Jensen 1992</bibRefCitation>
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), here representing a first record for the Gulf of Thailand.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="F440E1EDEFE174DD5275B97307320F66" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="DADA0436DB727DB7BA02BEDA791F396B" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AC9FE8E37DA62B6F843FFDB83A964C7A" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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Recent molecular investigations (
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<bibRefCitation id="1E4AA17E30F1D408FCEF65EDC171943D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.07.009" author="Krug, P" journalOrPublisher="Molecular phylogenetics and evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="1101 - 1119" refId="B141" refString="Krug, P, Vendetti, J, Rodriguez, A, Retana, J, Hirano, Y, Trowbridge, C, 2013. Integrative species delimitation in photosynthetic sea slugs reveals twenty candidate species in three nominal taxa studied for drug discovery, plastid symbiosis or biological control. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 69: 1101 - 1119, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.07.009" title="Integrative species delimitation in photosynthetic sea slugs reveals twenty candidate species in three nominal taxa studied for drug discovery, plastid symbiosis or biological control." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.07.009" volume="69" year="2013">Krug et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have indicated up to four possible clades making up the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB9D05D066B986567CBE2E6E41855B2B" baseAuthorityName="Pease" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elysia marginata" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="62C1BCB8BC3C7571B82C571F7C187AD5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Elysia marginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, that was separated from its Caribbean counterpart
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EB129D5F4D81A209C58D2B187577444" baseAuthorityName="Swainson" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elysia ornata" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2E59B8F15D1633BC6EA413A94E97CC12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Elysia ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Swainson, 1840), which was formerly considered circumtropical.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36EAC0539DFDDA5E4330117A2C46D3AA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B293" refString="Yonow, N, Jensen, KR, 2018. Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology 147: 1 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" title="Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchida, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/147/001-048" volume="147" year="2018">Yonow and Jensen (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
further discuss the challenges in assigning all specimens with the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9943074D4AD6F28EBA5A52F542BE4E33" originalValue="‘characteristic’">'characteristic'</normalizedToken>
|
||
orange and black marginal bands on the parapodia to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E273F4D7E46AEA7270066F97F3E15D42" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. marginata" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="718CCADC2937460751F1B1A89A17A1EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E. marginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as similar species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="98D959A35009AC824240C4A0F9418E0A" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. faustula" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="faustula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB96C58AC38F6BEC32DC8F1C2942E82C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E. faustula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bergh, 1871 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0862FE1E9ED8BE1CA7B01D359ADC7ADB" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. grandifolia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="0B2C7E69F9C02D0B3BC43611294A18D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E. grandifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kelaart, 1858 were described and illustrated with comparable features. Both aforementioned species differ in ground colour or the presence/absence of denticulation on radular teeth, and both of these features have been shown to be variable within a single species and often a single specimen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2BA1DCC522A0D16614CF073F1981078F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52941" author="Mehrotra, R" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="85 - 121" refId="B167" refString="Mehrotra, R, Caballer Gutierrez, M, Scott, CM, Arnold, S, Monchanin, C, Chavanich, S, 2020b. On the Plakobranchidae (Gastropoda, Sacoglossa) from soft sediment habitats of Koh Tao, Gulf of Thailand, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 969: 85 - 121, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52941" title="On the Plakobranchidae (Gastropoda, Sacoglossa) from soft sediment habitats of Koh Tao, Gulf of Thailand, with descriptions of two new species." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52941" volume="969" year="2020 b">Mehrotra et al. 2020b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, all indications point to a need for a comprehensive analysis integrating morphology, ecology, and molecular data to delineate species in this complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |