295 lines
31 KiB
XML
295 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="5A6F08CD61A0E749A5FD402E420A6C34" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.158809" ID-GBIF-Dataset="da530082-fdc7-4227-9218-c7b6397b6a81" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="158809" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461032402290" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Francini, Ronaldo Bastos, Freitas, André Victor Lucci & Penz, Carla" docDate="2004" docId="03E787CBFFDEED6AFE82C990836EF969" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00719.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 719" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Actinote pratensis Francini, Freitas & Penz, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFDEFFB3FFDAED6CFF8ACB6C8123FFB7" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Actinote (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) from Southeastern Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="10" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698573743803" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="CD12D9793439FACEEC86DDE242629DF8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="1B8DF9C85A2148E5C78F7D7EFC98F106">
|
||
<mods:title id="12A656BC11E960EFF54785747CAE4384">Two new species of Actinote (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) from Southeastern Brazil</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="EC8F1C5FE95D614CF969A7DAF9956590" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4CBC472E1206D28F514DAB3E0BA42BC3">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A80EFC03FBEB271FE6B6B2D16CE2CA8A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="75D73BAB420B5E323A488B214C3CB66A">Francini, Ronaldo Bastos</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="E947498329467552160F26E18603F588" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="7E43E6C18FB7C7E29790A58D454F46F7">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="57C1564F2FB438510825F3DEAB16C4AB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4916F74A86E902F249CF54581920AD22">Freitas, André Victor Lucci</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="66E726A2875166A5959EE478A824D20B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="279F02617506E3C7E859813521B3C18D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6E949B8CF91CAE1CC12743E88FC31FEC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="58511DC07F0012A1C5352ED114FACFB7">Penz, Carla</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="419775DF6725FE7972BD86BF4A0E76B3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="4E1E0B8276E1886D4CDFC59CCDD8A635" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A723330332CB5AA3D12507DE0EEF6DA1">
|
||
<mods:title id="C54318497DFD1E9516BC552696F06631">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="5C3E04B1EE0E995D2E9D2A8648BC5752">
|
||
<mods:date id="EA910CC3C0A5FADE3B453B3114566B26">2004</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="821B648644F3FE7CBDB9729D9C2E8AFF" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="1A1FD39BD87CE03DC4DFE1592904E3E9">719</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="9E6C04894BFED5A9837F640A12A4C387" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="FA78B4CAA259ADBA506D826A7530F5EF">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="92A91D8EA0C377A13BAE3A36A3BE8D35">10</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="F938474994BE9451329728554A6F83DA">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2F475C77098462F8243FC8BB9B50FB51" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.158809</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6E257A2DE3E7CCDFB6BE53C832ADF04A" type="GBIF-Dataset">da530082-fdc7-4227-9218-c7b6397b6a81</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="47E5EF6580E65165E5131629989F1E75" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E9AD56220065D7054CAAFE7166FC75F2" type="Zenodo-Dep">158809</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6D6F73C5DAC2729108DE81FD23FDF49F" type="ZooBank">69E0879C-F022-4016-A92F-DAB959091315</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03E787CBFFDEED6AFE82C990836EF969" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6272961" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119608309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6272961" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787CBFFDEED6AFE82C990836EF969" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E787CBFFDEED6AFE82C990836EF969" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3546556FFDEED68FE82C99082C8FCA1" box="[264,1003,764,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDEED68FE82C99082C8FCA1" blockId="4.[264,1003,764,790]" box="[264,1003,764,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<heading id="D0B981B1FFDEED68FE82C99082C8FCA1" bold="true" box="[264,1003,764,790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDEED68FE82C99082C8FCA1" bold="true" box="[264,1003,764,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDEED68FE82C990823CFCA1" authority="Francini, Freitas & Penz" authorityName="Francini, Freitas & Penz" box="[264,799,764,790]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDEED68FE82C99080C2FCA1" bold="true" box="[264,481,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Actinote pratensis</emphasis>
|
||
Francini, Freitas & Penz
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20957B4FFDEED68FCA6C99082A9FCA1" box="[812,906,764,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(Fig. 2)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3546556FFDEED68FE82C82A808FF91E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDEED68FE82C82A82A0FBE6" blockId="4.[264,1325,838,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDEED68FE82C82A8326FCD7" bold="true" box="[264,517,838,864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FE82C82A8075FCD7" box="[264,342,838,864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5887FFFDEED68FE82C82A8075FCD7" box="[264,342,838,864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</collectionCode>
|
||
MATERIAL.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5887FFFDEED68FD9DC82B83AAFCD6" box="[535,649,839,865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: Adult male exlarva (Fig. 2A, B), Bosque Municipal de Águas da Prata, Águas da Prata, São Paulo,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359764DFFDEED68FC9DC8038241FC3E" box="[791,866,879,905]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, reared by R. B. Francini and A. V. L. Freitas, larvae collected
|
||
<date id="FFF0101DFFDEED68FDA1C8FB8225FC06" box="[555,774,919,945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1990-11-03">3 November 1990</date>
|
||
. Deposited in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FC86C8D38252FC6E" box="[780,881,959,985]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">MZUSP</collectionCode>
|
||
) (collection reference number
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FB79C8D38409FC6E" box="[1267,1322,959,985]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yvf1-2vmz" name="Raiffeisen Bioforschung" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RBF</collectionCode>
|
||
8727).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5887FFFDEED68FEE9C88B80F3FBB6" box="[355,464,999,1025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
labels (four labels, separated by transverse bars): MORIOSP, F2302, L 1017, n 10 /
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FE23CF6380C3FB9E" box="[425,480,1039,1065]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yvf1-2vmz" name="Raiffeisen Bioforschung" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RBF</collectionCode>
|
||
0 0 8727 / Bosque Municipal de Águas da Prata, Águas da Prata, São Paulo,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359764DFFDEED68FED3CF5B8087FBE6" box="[345,420,1079,1105]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF0101DFFDEED68FE25CF5B8374FBE6" box="[431,599,1079,1105]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1990-11-03">03/NOV/1990</date>
|
||
– ex larva / HOLÓTIPO.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDEED68FEB2CF3380BFFAAE" blockId="4.[264,1325,838,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Allotype: Adult female, exlarva (Fig. 2C, D) same locality data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5887FFFDEED68FBEFCF3385EDFBCE" box="[1125,1230,1119,1145]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FEEBCFEB80E0FB16" box="[353,451,1159,1185]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">MZUSP</collectionCode>
|
||
(collection reference number
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FCB8CFEB824AFB16" box="[818,873,1159,1185]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yvf1-2vmz" name="Raiffeisen Bioforschung" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RBF</collectionCode>
|
||
8871). Allotype labels (four labels, separated by transverse bars): MORIOSP, F2302, L1017, n 21 /
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FBAACFC38574FB7E" box="[1056,1111,1199,1225]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yvf1-2vmz" name="Raiffeisen Bioforschung" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RBF</collectionCode>
|
||
0 0 8871 / Bosque Municipal de Águas da Prata, Águas da Prata, São Paulo,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359764DFFDEED68FC3BCFBB82D8FB46" box="[945,1019,1239,1265]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF0101DFFDEED68FB8DCFBB858CFB46" box="[1031,1199,1239,1265]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1990-11-03">03/NOV/1990</date>
|
||
– ex larva / ALÓTIPO.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDEED68FEB2CE4B808FF91E" blockId="4.[264,1325,838,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5887FFFDEED68FEB2CE4B808DFAF6" box="[312,430,1319,1345]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: Two males (collection reference numbers:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FC5FCE4B852EFAF6" box="[981,1037,1319,1345]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yvf1-2vmz" name="Raiffeisen Bioforschung" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RBF</collectionCode>
|
||
8931, 9107), exlarva,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FE82CE23804DFADE" box="[264,366,1359,1385]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">MZUSP</collectionCode>
|
||
; two males (collection reference numbers:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FCE0CE238281FADE" box="[874,930,1359,1385]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yvf1-2vmz" name="Raiffeisen Bioforschung" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RBF</collectionCode>
|
||
9170, 9230), exlarva, Museu de História Natural, Unicamp (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FDC5CE1B8381FA26" box="[591,674,1399,1425]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ZUEC</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D48FD54FFDEED68FD3CCE1B8215FA26" box="[694,822,1399,1425]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">14 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(collection reference numbers:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FB20CE1B85C1FA26" box="[1194,1250,1399,1425]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yvf1-2vmz" name="Raiffeisen Bioforschung" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RBF</collectionCode>
|
||
8704, 8822, 8845, 8929, 8934, 9041, 9044, 9058, 9068, 9082, 9121, 9126, 9179, 9198), exlarva,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FE82CEAB804DFA56" box="[264,366,1479,1505]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">MZUSP</collectionCode>
|
||
; three females (collection reference numbers:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FC1DCEAB82ECFA56" box="[919,975,1479,1505]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yvf1-2vmz" name="Raiffeisen Bioforschung" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">RBF</collectionCode>
|
||
8959, 9136, 9140), exlarva,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FE82CE83807BF9BE" box="[264,344,1519,1545]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ZUEC</collectionCode>
|
||
; all same data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5887FFFDEED68FDBCCE838383F9BE" box="[566,672,1519,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. One male and one female,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359764DFFDEED68FB8CCE838561F9BE" box="[1030,1090,1519,1545]" name="Malta" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mata</collectingCountry>
|
||
da Santa Genebra, Campinas, State of São Paulo, reared by A. V. L. Freitas, larvae collected on August/1999,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FE82CD538072F9EE" box="[264,337,1599,1625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">AVLF</collectionCode>
|
||
collection. Four males and one female, Rio Claro, São Paulo,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359764DFFDEED68FBC1CD5385B5F9EE" box="[1099,1174,1599,1625]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF0101DFFDEED68FB2ECD53840BF9EE" box="[1188,1320,1599,1625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1963-04-17">17.IV.1963</date>
|
||
, H. Ebert leg (collection reference numbers DZ 6058, DZ 6550, DZ 6534, DZ 6074, DZ 6502),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE18FFDEED68FED1CDE3808BF91E" box="[347,424,1679,1705]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">UFPC</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3546556FFDEED69FEB2CDDA852BF8EB" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDEED69FEB2CDDA8058FDCE" blockId="4.[264,1325,838,1868]" lastBlockId="5.[264,1323,284,633]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDEED68FEB2CDDA8093F967" bold="true" box="[312,432,1718,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. The new species is smilar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDEED68FC92CDDB8532F966" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[792,1041,1719,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrrha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDEED68FC92CDDB82ABF967" box="[792,904,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. pyrrha</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabricius)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDEED68FBC6CDDB85F7F967" box="[1100,1236,1719,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carycina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDEED68FBC6CDDB85F7F967" box="[1100,1236,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. carycina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359764DFFDEED68FB56CDDB8409F966" box="[1244,1322,1719,1745]" name="Jordan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
but can be distinguished by the following combination of characters. In general male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDEED68FB7ACDB38061F897" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDEED68FB7ACDB38061F897" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">pratensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are larger than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDEED68FDE2CC6B8394F897" box="[616,695,1799,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrrha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDEED68FDE2CC6B8394F897" box="[616,695,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">pyrrha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDEED68FD79CC6B827AF897" box="[755,857,1799,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carycina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDEED68FD79CC6B827AF897" box="[755,857,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">carycina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although the range in forewing length overlaps; the basal markings of the forewing are orange, and those in cells Cu1 and Cu2 are usually diffuse at the edges; the subapical forewing markings are dirty white, usually ranging from R5 to Cu1; and the PD spot is absent. The dark border of the hindwing is generally broader in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDFED69FE45CA038319FE3F" box="[463,570,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FE45CA038319FE3F" box="[463,570,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pratensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDFED69FD12CA0383C4FE3F" box="[664,743,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrrha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FD12CA0383C4FE3F" box="[664,743,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pyrrha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the ranges of variation in this character overlap between these two species. Male valva are bowed, nearly homogeneous in width in lateral view, with a blunt apex. The aedeagus is shorter than the length of the genitalic capsule and comparatively thicker than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDFED69FCDACA8B82E1FDB7" box="[848,962,487,512]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrrha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FCDACA8B82E1FDB7" box="[848,962,487,512]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. pyrrha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDFED69FC75CA8B85AAFDB7" box="[1023,1161,487,512]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carycina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FC75CA8B85AAFDB7" box="[1023,1161,487,512]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. carycina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The female wings are translucent at the base and slightly lighter than those of males, with the forewing orange color sometimes replaced by dirty white. The sphragis is vertically attached to abdomen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDFED69FE82CD97852BF8EB" blockId="5.[264,1323,1787,1885]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FE82CD9780AFF8A4" bold="true" box="[264,396,1787,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDFED69FE1ECD908335F8A4" box="[404,534,1788,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FE1ECD908335F8A4" box="[404,534,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. pratensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FDAFCD97831BF8A4" bold="true" box="[549,568,1787,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5887FFFDFED69FDCDCD908384F8A4" box="[583,679,1788,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FCCACD978271F8A4" bold="true" box="[832,850,1787,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5887FFFDFED69FCEBCD9082E2F8A4" box="[865,961,1788,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FBE8CD978556F8A4" bold="true" box="[1122,1141,1787,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C</emphasis>
|
||
, allotype, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FEC3CC72807FF881" bold="true" box="[329,348,1822,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D</emphasis>
|
||
, allotype, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FDD7CC7283B2F881" bold="true" box="[605,657,1822,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E–H</emphasis>
|
||
, male genitalia (RBF 9170)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FC35CC7282F2F881" bold="true" box="[959,977,1822,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E</emphasis>
|
||
, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FBE5CC72855EF881" bold="true" box="[1135,1149,1822,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">F</emphasis>
|
||
, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FA98CC728407F881" bold="true" box="[1298,1316,1822,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">G</emphasis>
|
||
, 8th sternum (posterior edge up);
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDFED69FDEACC298356F8EA" bold="true" box="[608,629,1861,1885]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">H</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral view. Codes follow
|
||
<figureCitation id="13752A58FFDFED69FC2DCC298521F8EB" box="[935,1026,1861,1884]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="2.[264,367,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[271,1319,729,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[266,1321,729,1732]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. eberti; A, two males showing variation in wing size; B, holotype, dorsal view; C, holotype, ventral view; D, female, dorsal view; E – H, male genitalia (E, F, H, DZ 2969; G, DZ 3805); E, ventral view; F, dorsal view; G, 8 th sternum (posterior edge up); H, lateral view; sa = saccus, va = valva, ae = aedeagus, un = uncus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169500/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3546556FFDCED6AFEB2CA77850DFB49" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDCED6AFEB2CA778535FCD9" blockId="6.[264,1324,283,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFEB2CA7780EAFE82" bold="true" box="[312,457,283,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFE56CA778338FE82" bold="true" box="[476,539,283,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Male</emphasis>
|
||
. (Fig. 2 A, dorsal; B, ventral; E–H, genitalia). Antenna black, extending to midcosta. Forewing narrow and elongate, length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB69B38FFDCED6AFB85CA2885B2FEE9" box="[1039,1169,324,350]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="28.5" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="25.0">25–32 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB69B38FFDCED6AFA81CA28801AFE31" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
; SD = 2.0; n = 11); hindwing rounded, about twothirds the length of forewing. Body black, abdomen ventrally covered by cream scales with a central black line, dorsolateral cream spots starting from first abdominal segment; lateral membrane covered with cream scales. Forewing upper surface background black, not translucent. Discal cell with two orange markings, basal stripe broad, reaching about half the length of discal cell, distal marking broad, reaching end of discal cell. Cells Cu1 and Cu2 with well developed orange markings usually diffuse at edges. Black dot near the basal area of cell Cu2 (“PD” dot of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B2CFFDCED6AFE82C9E58091FD14" author="Francini" box="[264,434,649,675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" refString="Francini, R. B. (1992) Ecologia das taxocenoses de Actinote (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) em Asteraceae (Angiosperma: Magnoliatae) no Sudeste do Brasil: subsidios para conservacao. Ph. D. Dissertation. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. 194 pp." type="book" year="1992">Francini 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 32) absent in all known individuals. A subapical transverse dirty white stripe (about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB69B38FFDCED6AFE29C9DD8327FD7C" box="[419,516,689,715]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) crosses the distal third of the wing, from R5 to Cu1. Hindwing not translucent. Background black, central area covered by orange scales. Dark margin occupying ca. onefourth of wing surface, extended from coastal to anal areas. Hindwing “v” shaped mark weak, discontinuous or absent. Scales in humeral area orange. Ventral surface of wings with same pattern, but lighter than dorsal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDCED6AFEB2C81082DCFB31" blockId="6.[264,1324,283,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Male genitalia (Fig. 2 E–H): Valvae elongate, length four times width of median portion; broader at base; bowed and only slightly compressed dorsoventrally; nearly homogeneous in diameter in lateral view; apex blunt. In dorsal view, uncus gradually narrowing to a point. Tegumen short. Gnathos absent. In ventral view, saccus shaped as an isosceles triangle, about half the length of genitalic capsule. Aedeagus shorter than length of genitalic capsule, ending in a sharp point, in lateral view slightly bowed ventrally. Juxta broad, approaching the width of the base of one valva (in ventral view).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDCED6AFEB2CFFF850DFB49" blockId="6.[264,1324,283,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFEB2CFFF80B0FB1A" bold="true" box="[312,403,1171,1197]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 2C, D). Similar to male, but paler (in some individuals the orange of forewing completely replaced by dirty white). Base of forewings slightly translucent. Sphragis vertically attached to abdomen, similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDCED6AFC3DCF888505FB4A" box="[951,1062,1252,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrrha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFC3DCF8882EAFB4A" box="[951,969,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFC5DCF888505FB4A" box="[983,1062,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pyrrha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3546556FFDCED6AFEB2CE67836FFA29" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDCED6AFEB2CE67836FFA29" blockId="6.[264,1324,283,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFEB2CE678398FA92" bold="true" box="[312,699,1291,1317]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution and flight period.</emphasis>
|
||
Populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDCED6AFC03CE60853BFA92" box="[905,1048,1292,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFC03CE60853BFA92" box="[905,1048,1292,1317]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. pratensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were recorded in four sites in São Paulo State: Águas da Prata, Rio Claro, Campinas, and Jundiaí. This species is bivoltine as are most species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDCED6AFD1FCE3083D4FAC2" box="[661,759,1372,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFD1FCE3083D4FAC2" box="[661,759,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Actinote</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from SE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359764DFFDCED6AFCECCE30828DFAC1" box="[870,942,1372,1398]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B2CFFDCED6AFC36CE308546FAC1" author="Francini" box="[956,1125,1372,1398]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" refString="Francini, R. B. (1989) Biologia e ecologia das borboletas Actinote (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Acraeinae) do sudeste do Brasil. M. S. Thesis. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. 236 pp." type="book" year="1989">Francini 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), with adults flying in April and November.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3546556FFDCED6AFEB2CEC780E8F9A1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDCED6AFEB2CEC780E8F9A1" blockId="6.[264,1324,283,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFEB2CEC7809EFA72" bold="true" box="[312,445,1451,1477]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The name of this species is a Latinized version of ‘pratense’, the Portuguese word that denotes resident
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFD0DCEBF83B1FA5A" bold="true" box="[647,658,1491,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">s</emphasis>
|
||
of Águas da Prata, where the first population of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDCED6AFB45CEB88061F9A2" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFB45CEB88061F9A2" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. pratensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3546556FFDCED6AFEB2CD4F836EF969" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136DDFFDCED6AFEB2CD4F836EF969" blockId="6.[264,1324,283,1758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFEB2CD4F80B7F98A" bold="true" box="[312,404,1571,1597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Eggs are laid in clusters on the underside of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDCED6AFC4FCD488572F98A" box="[965,1105,1572,1597]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Eupatorium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFC4FCD488572F98A" box="[965,1105,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eupatorium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. leaves (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDCED6AFB55CD48806DF9D1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Mature larva are dull green and have long body scoli (at least twice the width of the epicranium). Both these characteristics are distinctive from other known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDCED6AFB1FCD1885D4F93A" box="[1173,1271,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFB1FCD1885D4F93A" box="[1173,1271,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Actinote</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
caterpillars. A full account of the early stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D5EFFDCED6AFCAECDF08292F902" box="[804,945,1692,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pratensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFCAECDF08292F902" box="[804,945,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. pratensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in preparation (R. B. Francini & A. V. L. Freitas
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEACFFFDCED6AFE68CDA8831FF96A" box="[482,572,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">in prep.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |