241 lines
34 KiB
XML
241 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="C727CCB5F5E0A53A8FCDC82FFDB1890C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.213326" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0d399975-ca69-4a60-ad1f-e967e4b4f3ea" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="213326" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460551797102" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martino, Emanuela Di & Taylor, Paul D" docDate="2012" docId="1373087CFFD5FFB7C6A3940823C5F0C3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03534p020.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3534" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Megapora ringens Busk 1856" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="EF4A7004FFDAFFA6C634977F2000F27C" masterDocTitle="Pyrisinellidae, a new family of anascan cheilostome bryozoans" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1698318438355" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="14011755B93DA4F7C849C3C38F42D03E">Pyrisinellidae, a new family of anascan cheilostome bryozoans</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="65A50C1A6C91B41D0262A90547890628">Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F369372BC2716FEC37D8BBAD164B224">Taylor, Paul D</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="CE8CC9C4B7E2C69AC5F0B6534DEBEA98">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="1373087CFFD5FFB7C6A3940823C5F0C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6488418" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119530391" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6488418" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1373087CFFD5FFB7C6A3940823C5F0C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1373087CFFD5FFB7C6A3940823C5F0C3" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="D3C0EAE1FFD5FFA9C6A39408218AF1CE" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFD5FFA9C6A394082218F1ED" blockId="15.[151,536,887,946]" box="[151,536,887,913]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="C02D0E06FFD5FFA9C6A394082218F1ED" bold="true" box="[151,536,887,913]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFD5FFA9C6A394082218F1ED" ID-CoL="3YWW7" authority="Busk, 1856" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,536,887,913]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Megapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ringens">
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<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFD5FFA9C6A394082218F1ED" bold="true" box="[151,536,887,913]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFD5FFA9C6A394082175F1ED" bold="true" box="[151,373,887,913]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Megapora ringens</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFD5FFA9C7B094082210F1ED" author="Busk" box="[388,528,887,913]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Busk, G. (1856) Polyzoa collected by Mr M' Andrew on the coast of Norway and Finmark in 1856. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (2) 18, 32 - 36." type="journal article" year="1856">Busk, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFD5FFA9C6A394E5218AF1CE" blockId="15.[151,536,887,946]" box="[151,394,922,946]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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(
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<figureCitation id="03E1A5EFFFD5FFA9C6AB94E52122F1CE" box="[159,290,922,946]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 − 44" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1526,1549]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,208,1494]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 39 − 44. Megapora ringens (Busk, 1856), NHML 1911.10. 1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight. 39. view of several autozooids and kenozooids, scale bar = 200 µm; 40. group of autozooids showing a closure plate and lateral, distolateral and distal pore windows, scale bar = 200 µm; 41. detail of the strongly trifoliate orifice with six oral spine bases and inner view of a broken ovicell with associated distal kenozooid, scale bar = 100 µm; 42. zooid and kenozooid at the colony growing edge, scale bar = 100 µm; 43. early astogeny, scale bar = 200 µm; 44. close-up of ancestrula, scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213334/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 39−44</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="D6588CD1FFD5FFA9C71A94E52182F1CE" box="[302,386,922,946]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,235,329,350]" captionText="TABLE 6. Measurements (in μm) of Megapora ringens (Busk, 1856)" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Table 6</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3C0EAE1FFD5FFA9C6A394A222C1F64C" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFD5FFA9C6A394A221F4F18E" blockId="15.[151,1436,988,1072]" box="[151,500,988,1011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BBCA9E44FFD5FFA9C6A394A221F4F18E" box="[151,500,988,1011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFD5FFA9C6A394A221F0F18E" authority="Busk, 1856: 308" authorityName="Busk" authorityPageNumber="308" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,496,988,1011]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ringens">
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<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFD5FFA9C6A394A22140F18F" box="[151,320,989,1011]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Lepralia ringens</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="1A7B9F7BFFD5FFA9C77394A321F0F18E" author="Busk" box="[327,496,988,1010]" page="308" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1856">
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFD5FFA9C77394A321BDF18E" author="Busk" box="[327,445,988,1010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Busk, G. (1856) Polyzoa collected by Mr M' Andrew on the coast of Norway and Finmark in 1856. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (2) 18, 32 - 36." type="journal article" year="1856">Busk, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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: 308
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFD5FFA9C6A3948322C1F64C" blockId="15.[151,1436,988,1072]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BBCA9E44FFD5FFA9C6A3948322C1F64C" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFD5FFA9C6A394832226F66D" ID-CoL="3YWW7" authority="Hincks, 1880: 172" authorityName="Hincks" authorityPageNumber="172" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,550,1019,1041]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Megapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ringens">
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<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFD5FFA9C6A394832155F66D" box="[151,341,1020,1041]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Megapora ringens</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="1A7B9F7BFFD5FFA9C75194842226F66D" author="Hincks" box="[357,550,1019,1041]" page="172" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1880">
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFD5FFA9C751948421F2F66D" author="Hincks" box="[357,498,1019,1041]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) A history of the British Marine Polyzoa. John Van Voorst, Paternoster Row, London, 601 pp." type="book" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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: 172
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 22, fig. 1;
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<treatmentCitation id="1A7B9F7BFFD5FFA9C4F3948323F2F66D" author="Prenant" box="[711,1010,1019,1041]" page="273" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1966">
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFD5FFA9C4F3948323BDF66D" author="Prenant" box="[711,957,1019,1041]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Prenant, M. & Bobin, G. (1966) Bryozoaires, deuxieme partie. Chilostomes Anasca. Federation Francaise des societes de sciences naturelles, Paris, 647 pp." type="book" year="1966">Prenant & Bobin, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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: 273
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="1A7B9F7BFFD5FFA9C5CB94842543F66D" author="Ryland" box="[1023,1347,1019,1041]" page="107" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1977">
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFD5FFA9C5CB9484250FF66D" author="Ryland" box="[1023,1295,1019,1041]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Ryland, J. S. & Hayward, P. J. (1977) British anascan bryozoans. Academic Press for the Linnean Society, London, 188 pp." type="book" year="1977">Ryland & Hayward, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 107
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 47;
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<treatmentCitation id="1A7B9F7BFFD5FFA9C6F393652200F64C" author="Hayward" box="[199,512,1050,1072]" page="196" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFD5FFA9C6F3936521CFF653" author="Hayward" box="[199,463,1050,1072]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Hayward, P. J. & Ryland, J. S. (1998) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part I Aeteoidea - Cribrilinoidea. Notes for identification of British species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), No. 10, Barnes, R. S. K. & Crothers, J. H. (Eds). Field Studies Council. Shrewsbury, 366 pp." type="book" year="1998">Hayward & Ryland, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 196
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
−199, fig. 58B −59.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D3C0EAE1FFD5FFA9C6A39323259DF6E4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFD5FFA9C6A39323259DF6E4" blockId="15.[151,1437,1116,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFD5FFA9C6A393232182F609" bold="true" box="[151,386,1116,1141]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="FDCB21AFFFD5FFA9C7B8932221DEF608" box="[396,478,1117,1140]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/49nc-28y0" name="Natural History Museum, Tripoli" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">NHML</collectionCode>
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1911.10.1.629, Recent (specimen figured by
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFD5FFA9C5DD93232484F608" author="Hincks" box="[1001,1156,1116,1140]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) A history of the British Marine Polyzoa. John Van Voorst, Paternoster Row, London, 601 pp." type="book" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 22, fig. 1),
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<collectingCountry id="E3CDF9FAFFD5FFA9C30E9323259CF608" box="[1338,1436,1116,1140]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Shetland</collectingCountry>
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(Barlee), 80−170 fathoms.
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<collectionCode id="FDCB21AFFFD5FFA9C7F193FE2218F6E4" box="[453,536,1153,1176]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/49nc-28y0" name="Natural History Museum, Tripoli" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">NHML</collectionCode>
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1911.10.1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight, several encrusting three small pebbles.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3C0EAE1FFD5FFA9C6F393DC21D1F597" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFD5FFA9C6F393DC21D1F597" blockId="15.[151,1437,1116,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFD5FFA9C6F393DC2159F6C0" bold="true" box="[199,345,1187,1212]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</emphasis>
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Colony encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar, developing small rounded patches. Pore chambers present, distal pore chamber slightly larger than distolateral pore chambers; pore windows oval (mean L = 37 µm, mean W = 10 µm), surrounded by a mural ring, that of the distal pore chamber facing frontally. Ancestrula oval and smaller than astogenetically mature autozooids (L = 223 µm, mean W = 166 µm); gymnocyst absent or hidden by later zooids, cryptocyst densely granular, occupying half of the frontal area, opesia trifoliate with two small oral spines (D = 12 µm) placed distally (
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<figureCitation id="03E1A5EFFFD5FFA9C465922A22ABF711" box="[593,683,1365,1389]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 − 44" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1526,1549]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,208,1494]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 39 − 44. Megapora ringens (Busk, 1856), NHML 1911.10. 1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight. 39. view of several autozooids and kenozooids, scale bar = 200 µm; 40. group of autozooids showing a closure plate and lateral, distolateral and distal pore windows, scale bar = 200 µm; 41. detail of the strongly trifoliate orifice with six oral spine bases and inner view of a broken ovicell with associated distal kenozooid, scale bar = 100 µm; 42. zooid and kenozooid at the colony growing edge, scale bar = 100 µm; 43. early astogeny, scale bar = 200 µm; 44. close-up of ancestrula, scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213334/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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). Autozooids in zone of early astogeny transitional in size and morphology between ancestrula and later autozooids (
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<figureCitation id="03E1A5EFFFD5FFA9C52492072368F7EC" box="[784,872,1400,1424]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 − 44" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1526,1549]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,208,1494]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 39 − 44. Megapora ringens (Busk, 1856), NHML 1911.10. 1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight. 39. view of several autozooids and kenozooids, scale bar = 200 µm; 40. group of autozooids showing a closure plate and lateral, distolateral and distal pore windows, scale bar = 200 µm; 41. detail of the strongly trifoliate orifice with six oral spine bases and inner view of a broken ovicell with associated distal kenozooid, scale bar = 100 µm; 42. zooid and kenozooid at the colony growing edge, scale bar = 100 µm; 43. early astogeny, scale bar = 200 µm; 44. close-up of ancestrula, scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213334/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
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). Autozooids small, rounded hexagonal or oval, longer than broad (mean L/W = 1.27), separated by deep furrows. Gymnocyst narrow, slightly broader proximally. Cryptocyst extensive, coarsely and densely granular, depressed centrally, submarginally raised to form a rounded ridge which together with distal rim of the opesia forms a pear-shaped outline on the frontal wall and around the opesia. Opesia strongly trifoliate, the proximal edge gently convex with rounded indentations at the proximolateral corners; a pair of rounded thick lateral denticles directed downwardly divide the larger, distal semicircular part of the opesia from the smaller but broader proximal part (
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<figureCitation id="03E1A5EFFFD5FFA9C52691322368F419" box="[786,872,1613,1637]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 − 44" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1526,1549]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,208,1494]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 39 − 44. Megapora ringens (Busk, 1856), NHML 1911.10. 1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight. 39. view of several autozooids and kenozooids, scale bar = 200 µm; 40. group of autozooids showing a closure plate and lateral, distolateral and distal pore windows, scale bar = 200 µm; 41. detail of the strongly trifoliate orifice with six oral spine bases and inner view of a broken ovicell with associated distal kenozooid, scale bar = 100 µm; 42. zooid and kenozooid at the colony growing edge, scale bar = 100 µm; 43. early astogeny, scale bar = 200 µm; 44. close-up of ancestrula, scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213334/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
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||
). Oral spines numbering six, arranged in an arch around the distal edge of the opesia, the most proximal pair almost level with the denticles; distalmost pair of oral spines spaced more widely in ovicellate than non-ovicellate zooids. Complete ovicell not observed but that figured by
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFD5FFA9C68E91C722A7F4AC" author="Hayward" box="[186,679,1720,1744]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Hayward, P. J. & Ryland, J. S. (1998) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part I Aeteoidea - Cribrilinoidea. Notes for identification of British species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), No. 10, Barnes, R. S. K. & Crothers, J. H. (Eds). Field Studies Council. Shrewsbury, 366 pp." type="book" year="1998" yearSuffix="p">Hayward & Ryland (1998, p. 197, fig. 58B)</bibRefCitation>
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is hyperstomial, prominent, rounded and elongated, with a narrow, median triangular ectooecial window with thickened edges; a small rounded triangular kenozooid with a cryptocystal frontal area and a tiny central lacuna is present immediately distally of each ovicell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="03E1A5EFFFD5FFA9C2E891812530F56A" box="[1244,1328,1790,1814]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 − 44" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1526,1549]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,208,1494]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 39 − 44. Megapora ringens (Busk, 1856), NHML 1911.10. 1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight. 39. view of several autozooids and kenozooids, scale bar = 200 µm; 40. group of autozooids showing a closure plate and lateral, distolateral and distal pore windows, scale bar = 200 µm; 41. detail of the strongly trifoliate orifice with six oral spine bases and inner view of a broken ovicell with associated distal kenozooid, scale bar = 100 µm; 42. zooid and kenozooid at the colony growing edge, scale bar = 100 µm; 43. early astogeny, scale bar = 200 µm; 44. close-up of ancestrula, scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213334/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
). Closure plates developed in some autozooids as distal extensions of the cryptocyst, with a small tuberculum located medially level with the proximal edge of the opesia, which is completely occluded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="03E1A5EFFFD5FFA9C2B5903A24DBF521" box="[1153,1243,1861,1885]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 − 44" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1526,1549]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,208,1494]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 39 − 44. Megapora ringens (Busk, 1856), NHML 1911.10. 1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight. 39. view of several autozooids and kenozooids, scale bar = 200 µm; 40. group of autozooids showing a closure plate and lateral, distolateral and distal pore windows, scale bar = 200 µm; 41. detail of the strongly trifoliate orifice with six oral spine bases and inner view of a broken ovicell with associated distal kenozooid, scale bar = 100 µm; 42. zooid and kenozooid at the colony growing edge, scale bar = 100 µm; 43. early astogeny, scale bar = 200 µm; 44. close-up of ancestrula, scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213334/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
). Kenozooids of irregular shape frequently present along lateral margins of lobate colonies, slightly smaller (L = 258−291 µm, W = 195−218 µm) than autozooids; gymnocyst narrow but wider than in autozooids; cryptocyst coarsely and densely granular, continuous over the entire frontal area except for a small, round, lacuna (mean D = 25 µm) near the centre (
|
||
<figureCitation id="03E1A5EFFFD5FFA9C6AB90AC20F4F597" box="[159,244,2003,2027]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 − 44" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1526,1549]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,208,1494]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 39 − 44. Megapora ringens (Busk, 1856), NHML 1911.10. 1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight. 39. view of several autozooids and kenozooids, scale bar = 200 µm; 40. group of autozooids showing a closure plate and lateral, distolateral and distal pore windows, scale bar = 200 µm; 41. detail of the strongly trifoliate orifice with six oral spine bases and inner view of a broken ovicell with associated distal kenozooid, scale bar = 100 µm; 42. zooid and kenozooid at the colony growing edge, scale bar = 100 µm; 43. early astogeny, scale bar = 200 µm; 44. close-up of ancestrula, scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213334/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
). Avicularia absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="CFA5E9E2FFCAFFB6C6A3928924C8F4FB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213334/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[166,1416,208,1494]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFCAFFB6C6A3928924C8F4FB" blockId="16.[151,1436,1526,1671]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C6A39289215AF470" bold="true" box="[151,346,1526,1549]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURES 39−44.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFCAFFB6C750928722B8F470" authority="Busk, 1856" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1856" box="[356,696,1526,1549]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Megapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ringens">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C75092872224F471" box="[356,548,1528,1549]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Megapora ringens</emphasis>
|
||
(Busk, 1856)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NHML 1911.10.1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight.
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C2FB928824EFF470" bold="true" box="[1231,1263,1527,1548]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">39.</emphasis>
|
||
view of several autozooids and kenozooids, scale bar = 200 µm;
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C4A4916A22B0F456" bold="true" box="[656,688,1557,1578]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">40.</emphasis>
|
||
group of autozooids showing a closure plate and lateral, distolateral and distal pore windows, scale bar = 200 µm;
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C476914B2262F435" bold="true" box="[578,610,1588,1609]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">41.</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the strongly trifoliate orifice with six oral spine bases and inner view of a broken ovicell with associated distal kenozooid, scale bar = 100 µm;
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C543912C2397F414" bold="true" box="[887,919,1619,1640]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">42.</emphasis>
|
||
zooid and kenozooid at the colony growing edge, scale bar = 100 µm;
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C753910E2186F4FA" bold="true" box="[359,390,1649,1670]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">43.</emphasis>
|
||
early astogeny, scale bar = 200 µm;
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C4CF910E231BF4FA" bold="true" box="[763,795,1649,1670]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">44.</emphasis>
|
||
close-up of ancestrula, scale bar = 20 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D3C0EAE1FFCAFFB7C6F391CB259CF2A8" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFCAFFB6C6F391CB22EFF503" blockId="16.[151,1436,1715,2028]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C6F391CB213BF4B0" bold="true" box="[199,315,1716,1740]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
None of the material examined of this species had an intact ovicell; in all instances the roof of the ovicell was broken, revealing a floor consisting of an exterior skeletal wall with planar spherulitic microstructure delineating two lobes on either side of a median depression (
|
||
<figureCitation id="03E1A5EFFFCAFFB6C5729184239AF56F" box="[838,922,1787,1811]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 − 44" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1526,1549]" captionTargetBox="[166,1416,208,1494]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1505]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 39 − 44. Megapora ringens (Busk, 1856), NHML 1911.10. 1.631, Recent, Porcupine Bight. 39. view of several autozooids and kenozooids, scale bar = 200 µm; 40. group of autozooids showing a closure plate and lateral, distolateral and distal pore windows, scale bar = 200 µm; 41. detail of the strongly trifoliate orifice with six oral spine bases and inner view of a broken ovicell with associated distal kenozooid, scale bar = 100 µm; 42. zooid and kenozooid at the colony growing edge, scale bar = 100 µm; 43. early astogeny, scale bar = 200 µm; 44. close-up of ancestrula, scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213334/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
). The presence of a small kenozooid distal of each ovicell, which is unique among the species described in this paper, recalls various other cheilostomes (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFCAFFB6C6A3903C21C9F527" author="Bishop" box="[151,457,1859,1883]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bishop, J. D. D. & Househam B. C. (1987) Puellina (Bryozoa; Cheilostomatida; Cribrilinidae) from British and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 53, 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="1987">Bishop & Househam 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFCAFFB6C7E2903C22D0F527" author="Ostrovsky" box="[470,720,1859,1883]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Ostrovsky, A. N., Taylor, P. D., Dick, M. H. & Mawatari, S. F. (2008) Pre-Cenomanian cheilostome Bryozoa: current state of knowledge. In: Okada, H., Mawatari, S. F., Suzuki, N. & Gautam, P. (Eds), Proceedings of International Symposium The Origin and Evolution of Natural Diversity, 1 - 5 October 2007, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, pp. 69 - 74." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Ostrovsky
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C466903B228CF527" box="[594,652,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and may signify evolutionary reduction of the zooid distal of the maternal zooid from an autozooid to a kenozooid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFCAFFB7C6F390F4259CF2A8" blockId="16.[151,1436,1715,2028]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFCAFFB6C6F390F421F6F5DF" author="Hayward" box="[199,502,1931,1955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Hayward, P. J. & Ryland, J. S. (1993) Taxonomy of six Antarctic anascan Bryozoa. Antarctic Science, 5, 129 - 136." type="journal article" year="1993">Hayward & Ryland (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
introduced the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFCAFFB6C51E90F423C4F5DF" box="[810,964,1931,1955]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Apiophragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C51E90F423C4F5DF" box="[810,964,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Apiophragma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFCAFFB6C5C190F3250FF5DF" authority="Waters, 1904" authorityName="Waters" authorityYear="1904" box="[1013,1295,1931,1955]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Megapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="hyalina">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C5C190F32470F5DF" box="[1013,1136,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. hyalina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFCAFFB6C24C90F3250FF5DF" author="Waters" box="[1144,1295,1931,1955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Waters, A. W. (1904) Bryozoa. Resultats du Voyage du S. V. ' Belgica', Zoologie. Expedition Antarctique Belge 4, 1114." type="journal article" year="1904">Waters, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, referring to the shape of the mural rim from the Greek
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C44A90CF22BBF5BB" box="[638,699,1968,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">apios</emphasis>
|
||
, a pear and
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C57290D023ABF5BB" box="[838,939,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">phragma</emphasis>
|
||
, a wall.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFCAFFB6C23990D024A7F5BB" box="[1037,1191,1967,1991]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Apiophragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C23990D024A7F5BB" box="[1037,1191,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Apiophragma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFCAFFB6C31390CF259BF5BB" box="[1319,1435,1968,1991]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Megapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCAFFB6C31390CF259BF5BB" box="[1319,1435,1968,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Megapora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its depressed cryptocyst, thick mural rim and distal arc of spines but differs in having only a weakly trifoliate opesia which is much smaller and narrowly bell-shaped, and the presence of opesiules. The inclusion of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFCBFFB7C6A397C32131F2A8" box="[151,305,188,212]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporidae" genus="Apiophragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCBFFB7C6A397C32131F2A8" box="[151,305,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Apiophragma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the new family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFCBFFB7C43497C3229AF2A8" box="[512,666,188,212]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Pyrisinellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Pyrisinellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be considered after restudy of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="446107C8FFCBFFB7C25897C2249CF2A9" box="[1132,1180,189,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFCBFFB7C31697C32595F2A8" box="[1314,1429,188,212]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Megapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="hyalina">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCBFFB7C31697C32595F2A8" box="[1314,1429,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A. hyalina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D3C0EAE1FFCBFFB7C6F397A023C5F0C3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFCBFFB7C6F397A02526F360" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCBFFB7C6F397A02160F284" bold="true" box="[199,352,223,248]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Recent of boreal and arctic areas, widely distributed in the northeast Atlantic, extending southwards, in deep waters, as far as the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E3CDF9FAFFCBFFB7C454967B22C2F360" box="[608,706,260,284]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Shetland</collectingCountry>
|
||
Isles and Bergen,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E3CDF9FAFFCBFFB7C5A5967A23EBF361" box="[913,1003,261,285]" name="Norway" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4BC49BFFCBFFB7C5CE967B2519F360" author="Hayward" box="[1018,1305,260,284]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Hayward, P. J. & Ryland, J. S. (1998) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part I Aeteoidea - Cribrilinoidea. Notes for identification of British species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), No. 10, Barnes, R. S. K. & Crothers, J. H. (Eds). Field Studies Council. Shrewsbury, 366 pp." type="book" year="1998">Hayward & Ryland 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CFA5E9E2FFCBFFB7C6A396362358F323" box="[151,856,329,351]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFCBFFB7C6A396362358F323" blockId="17.[151,1326,329,648]" box="[151,856,329,351]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCBFFB7C6A396362104F322" bold="true" box="[151,260,329,350]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">TABLE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (in μm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CDAC2E9FFCBFFB7C42696352358F323" authority="Busk, 1856" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1856" box="[530,856,329,351]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Megapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ringens">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AE6578FFCBFFB7C426963522CEF323" box="[530,718,330,351]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Megapora ringens</emphasis>
|
||
(Busk, 1856)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFCBFFB7C7D49604252EF0F4" blockId="17.[151,1326,329,648]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
N (colonies, zooids) Mean SD Range Zooid length 3, 30 414 39 367–489 Zooid width 3, 30 333 32 294–384 Orifice length 3, 15 100 13 82–116 Orifice width 3,
|
||
<date id="EF649FAAFFCBFFB7C7CE955F2213F04A" box="[506,531,544,566]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1993-03-15">15</date>
|
||
93 3 90–95 Ovicell length 2, 3 180 3 177–182 Ovicell width 2, 3 219 11 206–228
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B65B96AFFCBFFB7C6A395D523C5F0C3" blockId="17.[151,965,681,703]" box="[151,965,681,703]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N, Number of colonies and number of zooids measured; SD, standard deviation.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |