596 lines
127 KiB
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596 lines
127 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C8B02A47C2289C1DB9F8C1BAAC4DD65A">Redescription of Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Sididae), with evidence of possible incipient species differentiation</mods:title>
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<treatment id="E1567004FFC7FF8AF19815BBFE7FFC3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5658709" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127666980" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5658709" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E1567004FFC7FF8AF19815BBFE7FFC3E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E1567004FFC7FF8AF19815BBFE7FFC3E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F19815BBFE57FB56" blockId="2.[151,507,1159,1221]" box="[151,507,1159,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<heading id="3208767EFFC7FF86F19815BBFE57FB56" bold="true" box="[151,507,1159,1184]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFC7FF86F19815BBFE57FB56" ID-CoL="72CND" authority="Sars, 1862" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,507,1159,1184]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
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<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC7FF86F19815BBFE57FB56" bold="true" box="[151,507,1159,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC7FF86F19815BBFED6FB56" bold="true" box="[151,378,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F08F15BBFE57FB56" author="Sars" box="[384,507,1159,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Sars, G. O. (1862) Fortsatte sit Foredrag over de af ham i Omegmen af Christiania iagttagne Crustacea. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania aae 1861, 250 - 302." type="journal article" year="1862">Sars, 1862</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F1981590FEBEFB32" blockId="2.[151,507,1159,1221]" box="[151,274,1196,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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(
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<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC7FF86F1901590FEA5FB32" box="[159,265,1196,1221]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionStartId-2="8.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionStartId-3="9.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionStartId-4="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionStartId-5="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionStartId-6="12.[151,250,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox-0="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetBox-1="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetBox-2="[220,1370,201,1831]" captionTargetBox-3="[169,1389,198,1860]" captionTargetBox-4="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetBox-5="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetBox-6="[178,1412,184,1557]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetId-2="figure@8.[205,1377,193,1837]" captionTargetId-3="figure@9.[169,1398,193,1861]" captionTargetId-4="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetId-5="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetId-6="figure@12.[169,1417,175,1563]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionTargetPageId-6="12" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok – 4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A – Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Cheboksarskoye reservoir). A, setules of male antennule. B, apical end of upper antennal branch. C, armament of lateral side of postabdomen. D, molar part of right mandible. E, molar part of left mandible. F, G, armament of lateral side of postabdomenal claw, outer side. H, the same, inner side. Scale bars— 2.5 µm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, antennules of males (A, Neva River estuary; B, Lake Toros, Karelia; C, D, E, Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic; F, I – L, Kunovatskiy sor; G, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei, Komi Republic; M, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; N, O, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; P, Q, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; R, S, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Pir; U, Verhne-Olinskaja channel; V, River Amur near the mouth of River Hungari (Gur )). A – F, H – V, proximal part of antennule and distal outgrowth of antennule (F, antennule with malformed proximal outgrowth). G, malformed antennule." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/285545/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/285548/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Figs. 1–7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F19815C8FDA0FAFC" blockId="2.[151,761,1268,1596]" box="[151,524,1268,1290]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F19815C8FEAEFAFC" author="Sars" box="[151,258,1268,1290]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Sars, G. O. (1861 (1993 )) On the freshwater crustaceans occurring in the vicinity of Christiania. University of Bergen, Bergen, 197 pp." type="book" year="1861">Sars, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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(1993): 18–20, Pl. 6, 1–5.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F198142EFEC3FADE" blockId="2.[151,761,1268,1596]" box="[151,367,1298,1320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F198142EFEA9FADE" author="Sars" box="[151,261,1298,1320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Sars, G. O. (1862) Fortsatte sit Foredrag over de af ham i Omegmen af Christiania iagttagne Crustacea. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiania aae 1861, 250 - 302." type="journal article" year="1862">Sars, 1862</bibRefCitation>
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: 259–261;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F198140DFDA1FAB1" blockId="2.[151,761,1268,1596]" box="[151,525,1329,1351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F198140DFEA9FAB1" author="Sars" box="[151,261,1329,1351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Sars, G. O. (1865) Norges Ferskvandskrebsdyr Forste afsnit Branchiopoda. I. Cladocera Ctenopoda (Sididae & Holopedidae). Efter det Academiske Collegium, Christiania, 71 pp." type="book" year="1865">Sars, 1865</bibRefCitation>
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: 37–41, Tab. II, fig. 1–15;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F198146CFDA9FA16" blockId="2.[151,761,1268,1596]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F198146CFE85FA90" author="Richard" box="[151,297,1360,1382]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Richard, J. (1895) Revision des Cladoceres. Annales des sciences naturelles. Zoologie et biologie animale, 18, 279 - 389." type="journal article" year="1895">Richard, 1895</bibRefCitation>
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: 341–343, Pl. 15, fig. 6, 10, 17;
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F1981452FE92FA72" author="Lilljeborg" box="[151,318,1390,1412]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Lilljeborg, W. (1901) Cladocera Sueciae oder Beitrage sur Kenntnis der in Schweden lebenden Krebstiere von der Ordnung der Branchiopoden und der Unterordnung der Cladoceren. Nova acta Regiae societatis scientiarum upsaliensis. Ser. 3, 19, 1 - 701." type="journal article" year="1901">Lilljeborg, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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: 29–34, Tab. II, fig. 4–11, Tab. III, fig. 1–5;
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F19814B1FEB9FA55" author="Rylov" box="[151,277,1421,1443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Rylov, W. M. (1935) Das Zooplankton der Binnengewasser. Die Binnengewasser, 15, 272 pp." type="book" year="1935">Rylov, 1935</bibRefCitation>
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: 105, Taf. 14, Fig. 135a, b;
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F1981490FEDCFA34" author="Sramek-Husek" box="[151,368,1452,1474]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Sramek-Husek, R., Straskraba, M. & Brtek, J. (1962). Lupenonozci - Branchiopoda. Fauna CSR 16, 470 pp. [in Czech]" type="book" year="1962">Šramek-Hušek, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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: 182–184, Obr. 63;
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F19814F6FEE4FA16" author="Manuilova" box="[151,328,1482,1504]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Manuilova, E. F. (1964) Water fleas (Cladocera) of the USSR. Identification books on fauna of the USSR, 88. Moscow- Leningrad, Nauka, 372 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1964">Manuilova, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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: 108, Fig. 26, 1–7;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F19814D5FE57FA09" blockId="2.[151,761,1268,1596]" box="[151,507,1513,1535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F19814D5FE82FA09" author="Flossner" box="[151,302,1513,1535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Flossner, D. (2000) Die Haplopoda und Cladocera (ohne Bosminidae) Mitteleuropas. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 428 pp." type="book" year="2000">Flössner, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 39–41, Abb. 15a–i;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F1981734FDA5F9E8" blockId="2.[151,761,1268,1596]" box="[151,521,1544,1566]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F1981734FECBF9E8" author="Korovchinsky" box="[151,359,1544,1566]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Korovchinsky, N. M. (1992) Sididae & Holopediidae (Crustacea: Daphniiformes). Guides to the identification of the microinvertebrates of the continental waters of the world 3. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, 82 pp." type="book" year="1992">Korovchinsky, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 5, Figs. 18–25;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F198171AFD89F9CA" blockId="2.[151,761,1268,1596]" box="[151,549,1574,1596]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC7FF86F198171AFECBF9CA" author="Korovchinsky" box="[151,359,1574,1596]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Korovchinsky, N. M. (2004) Cladocera order Ctenopoda: morphology, systematics, ecology, zoogeography. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow, 410 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="2004">Korovchinsky, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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: 256, Fig. 81, 1–7.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F1981755FBB1F974" blockId="2.[151,1436,1641,2026]" box="[151,1053,1641,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Body measurements of specimens of seven populations are presented in Table 1.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="21E59299FFC7FF89F1C817B1FEA8FF23" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F1C817B1FDE7F8E4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1641,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC7FF86F1C817B1FDD5F950" bold="true" box="[199,633,1677,1702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Description. Parthenogenetic female</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC7FF86F38717B1FD6EF953" box="[648,706,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Body</emphasis>
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oval-elongated with comparatively large head (length 34.6–45.3 % and height 29.4–40.7 % of body length) of peculiar triangular shape (
|
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<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC7FF86F2FD178DFB99F93C" box="[1010,1077,1713,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C), narrowing frontally and ventrally, and with no rostrum. Large eye (7.7–12.7 % of body length), situated in the narrowed ventral part of head. Small black ocellus near the eye.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF86F1C81621FD5BF888" blockId="2.[151,1436,1641,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC7FF86F1C81621FEEFF8C3" box="[199,323,1821,1845]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Antennules</emphasis>
|
||
small (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC7FF86F0911621FE4CF8C0" box="[414,480,1821,1846]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D) with 9 aesthetascs with constrictions and short sensory seta in apical position, situated in two groups: four aesthetascs and sensory seta on the anterior small apical prominence of the antennular base and five aesthetascs positioned posterior to them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC7FF87F1C816B6FC73FDCB" blockId="2.[151,1436,1641,2026]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,1977]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC7FF86F1C816B6FE00F857" box="[199,428,1930,1953]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Swimming antennae</emphasis>
|
||
long (61.4–80.6 % of body length) with massive basipodite (40–46 % of body length), having long setulated seta on dorsal side of its base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC7FF86F3D11691FCB1F830" box="[734,797,1965,1990]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
G). Distal end of antennal basipodite bears stout spine on its outer middle side, small bifurcated prominence dorsally in front of upper branch, and small dorsal spine-like seta better seen from the inner side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F34911ABFD24FF46" box="[582,648,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
E, F, L). The upper three-segmented antennal branch (exopodite) is longer (29–32 % of body length) with segments of different size, the proximal of which is smallest (5 % of body length) and lacks setae while the following two are longer (10 and 16 % of body length) and setulated with three (6.7, 10.0 and 13.6 % of body length) and seven (14.2, 14.2, 14.2, 13.6, 13.0, 11.5, 11.5 % of body length from proximal to distal) long, two-segmented setae, respectively. Two latter segments bear apically one small spine each (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F1901070FF48FE92" box="[159,228,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
H, I; 4B). In lower shorter (19–22 % of body length) three-segmented antennal branch (endopodite), proximal and distal segments are small while second one is most developed (2.5, 13 and 4.5 % of body length) bearing apically one long seta (13.3 % of body length) and strong spine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F2ED10A8FB89FE5A" box="[994,1061,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
J). Distal segment of this branch bears four setae (14.2, 14.2, 12.4, 13.6 % of body length, counting from ventral to distal side) and one spine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F461108BFF0FFE02" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
J, K). Proximal segments of both branches clearly articulate with neighboring ones externally while internally they seem completely fused with the latter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F39010C3FD4FFDEE" box="[671,739,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
L). Formula of antennal setae: 0–3–7 / 0–1–4. All setae of swimming antennae armed uniformly with stout setules of swimming
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFC6FF87F2A81319FC77FDCB" box="[935,987,549,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC6FF87F1C81374FEBEFC1B" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC6FF87F1C81374FEFBFD96" box="[199,343,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Mouth parts</emphasis>
|
||
consist of two maxillules (mx I), each with 9–11 densely situated feathered setae incurved forward, two small maxillae (mx II) situated just near base of tl I (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F2981350FC77FD72" box="[919,987,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F) and having short setulated subapical seta, and two mandibles. Molar surface of right mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F23513B3FCD3FD5E" box="[826,895,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[169,1389,198,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[169,1398,193,1861]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Cheboksarskoye reservoir). A, setules of male antennule. B, apical end of upper antennal branch. C, armament of lateral side of postabdomen. D, molar part of right mandible. E, molar part of left mandible. F, G, armament of lateral side of postabdomenal claw, outer side. H, the same, inner side. Scale bars— 2.5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285545/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D) is oval-elongated, with a group of one large thorn and few smaller ones near it (pegs—P) posteriorly. A row of some comb-like prominences (pales—Pa) goes along dorsal margin while a row of sharpened prominences (fishbones—Fe) and one large rounded outgrowth are situated along ventral margin. Central part of molar surface with 10–11 diagonals (D) supplied with numerous pores. Left mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F0981223FE70FCCE" box="[407,476,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[169,1389,198,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[169,1398,193,1861]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Cheboksarskoye reservoir). A, setules of male antennule. B, apical end of upper antennal branch. C, armament of lateral side of postabdomen. D, molar part of right mandible. E, molar part of left mandible. F, G, armament of lateral side of postabdomenal claw, outer side. H, the same, inner side. Scale bars— 2.5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285545/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
E) seems somewhat wider, with a group of pegs, consisting of two large and some small ones near them, at its dorso-posterior angle. Pales form a practically fused row, lowering anteriorly. A group of two-three large fishbones near pegs, the outer of which is clearly branched while inner one(s) looks like distally widened plate with comb-shaped margin. Another prominent group of fishbones with comb-shaped apical ends inclined anteriorly is situated on large outgrowth between pegs and pales. Diagonals, also with pores, are poorly delineated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC6FF87F1C812C4FE88FB1E" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC6FF87F1C812C4FF53FBE6" box="[199,255,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Shell</emphasis>
|
||
with more or less arched dorsal side, connecting with rather high posterior valve margin through emarginated dorso-posterior angle. More or less prominent longitudinal fold separates upper and lower parts of shell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F1D31503FEB7FBAE" box="[220,283,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B). Posterior valve margin with prominent emargination in its middle part, the form (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F4091503FAE9FBAE" box="[1286,1349,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1851,1873]" captionTargetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[225,1352,195,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H – K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
M) and depth (1.5–5.2 % of body length) of which vary among specimens. Row of tiny spinules runs marginally and submarginally along its lower part. Ventral valve margin is almost straight, with numerous small uniform denticles along it. Comparatively large denticle, naked or spinulated, is situated on ventro-posterior corner of both valves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F19015F3FF4EFB1E" box="[159,226,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B–E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC6FF87F1C815C8FB7AF84F" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC6FF87F1C815C8FDADFAFA" box="[199,513,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Six pairs of thoracic limbs,</emphasis>
|
||
all with comparatively small oval epipodites. Their structure and armament are shown in
|
||
<tableCitation id="247DF4A9FFC6FF87F006142BFECDFAC6" box="[265,353,1303,1328]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1342,348,535]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Data on structure and armament of thoracic limbs of Limnosida frontosa (specimens from the Neva River estuary (Finnish Gulf, August 8, 2006)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3D80919AFFC0FF81F19811A4FD90FF39" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" tableUuid="3D80919AFFC0FF81F19811A4FD90FF39">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
. Exopodites of tl I–tl V are widened terminally and show signs of segmentation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F41F142BFAF8FAC6" box="[1296,1364,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C). Endopodites (this is a conditional term according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC6FF87F3FD1400FB9CFAA2" author="Smirnov" box="[754,1072,1340,1365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refString="Smirnov, N. N. & Kotov, A. A. (2010) The morphological radiation of setae in the Cladocera (Crustacea) and their potential for morphogenesis. International Revue of Hydrobiology, 95, 482 - 519." type="journal article" year="2010">Smirnov and Kotov (2010))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
of these limbs are more or less clearly subdivided in four segments, the proximal of which is largest, bearing numerous filtering setae, while three terminal segments bear two-four such setae. Terminal segment from tl I to tl V and subterminal segment from tl II to tl V bear also outer setae each, similar to those of exopodite, of which the former one is especially long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F430149BFA2DFA36" box="[1343,1409,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B, D, indicated by arrows). Large proximal segment of endopodite of tl I also possesses terminally one short naked seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F1DA14D3FEB6F9FE" box="[213,282,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A: “ns”). A row of comparatively long rough setules along inner side of endopodite and a group of spines on inner anterior basal side of tl I (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F3791728FD16F9DB" box="[630,698,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C). Gnathobase of tl I (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F2E61728FB81F9DB" box="[1001,1069,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B) has outer row of six-eight finely setulated filtering setae; inner long, two-segmented setae (I) on distal corner with setules along its length, small spine-like seta near its base, and another smaller curved setulated seta (c), between these there are two soft, sensilla-like prominences (
|
||
<date id="1D41E7D2FFC6FF87F0C71743FE4CF96E" box="[456,480,1663,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">2i</date>
|
||
) of different sizes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F3CB1743FCA5F96E" box="[708,777,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Two groups of long spinules situated just proximal to them (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F1EE1798FE89F94B" box="[225,293,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Gnathobases of tl II to tl V (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F3AE1798FD48F94B" box="[673,740,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C) with row of 14–23 finely setulated filtering setae, ending proximally with one naked seta (p), and distally with two setae of different
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFC6FF87F2F617F5FB9BF917" box="[1017,1079,1737,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, one of which is long and twosegmented (I), resembling that one of tl I but differing in presence of stout spinules distally, and the other one strongly modified, being hooked terminally and denticulated laterally (J) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F2D71633FBB7F8DE" box="[984,1051,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C, E). Tl VI (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F5BD1633FB58F8DE" box="[1202,1268,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
F) is small and strongly modified. Its exopodite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC6FF87F31D1608FDF8F8BB" box="[530,596,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[153,1433,193,1727]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III – tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
G) has been reduced to a terminal plate, armed with five terminal and one lateral setae and some long spinules. Endopodite is almost entirely fused with exopodite, bearing seven similar setae with long setules and one thorn between the proximal two and distal five. Gnathobase with two long setae and three thorns of differing shapes. Surface of endopodite and gnathobase with rows of long setules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3D80919AFFC0FF81F19811A4FD90FF39" ID-Table-UUID="3D80919AFFC0FF81F19811A4FD90FF39" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3D80919AFFC0FF81F19811A4FD90FF39" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" targetBox="[159,1342,348,535]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F19811A4FD90FF39" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,207]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F19811A4FEA0FF59" bold="true" box="[151,268,152,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Data on structure and armament of thoracic limbs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFC0FF81F25111ABFB9CFF59" box="[862,1072,151,175]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F25111ABFB9CFF59" box="[862,1072,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(specimens from the Neva River estuary (Finnish Gulf, August 8, 2006).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F19011D6FA92FEF6" blockId="5.[159,1342,234,328]" box="[159,1342,234,256]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Limb pairs Exopodite (apical + Endopodite Gnathobase Epipodite</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F03A1035FE1AFEE9" blockId="5.[159,1342,234,328]" box="[309,438,265,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">lateral setae)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F190100FFBA8FC9D" blockId="5.[159,1342,234,328]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,604,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<date id="1D41E7D2FFC0FF81F190100FFEEEFEBE" box="[159,322,307,328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">I 7</date>
|
||
+ 4 (
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F32E100FFD82FEBE" box="[545,558,307,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3+1)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F37A100FFD2DFEBE" box="[629,641,307,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F3A2100FFD16FEBE" box="[685,698,307,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F3E9100FFD5EFEBE" box="[742,754,307,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
18−21) (
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F2A5100FFC1AFEBE" box="[938,950,307,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
6−8)+(b+I+
|
||
<date id="1D41E7D2FFC0FF81F521100EFBEEFEBE" box="[1070,1090,306,328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">2i</date>
|
||
+c) +
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F1C81360FEF3FD82" box="[199,351,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Postabdomen</emphasis>
|
||
comparatively massive, short (12.2–17.1 % of body length), tapering distally, high (height in its proximal part 8.3–12.2 % of body length) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F37A1343FD1BFD61" box="[629,695,639,664]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A) with long two-segmented postabdominal setae (58.7–63.6 % of body length) sitting on two separate bases. Their longer distal parts bear very thin and sparsely situated setules of “sensory”
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFC0FF81F00213FAFEEDFD28" box="[269,321,710,734]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. Small triangular prominence situated anterior to the setae on the dorsum of abdomen. Lateral and dorsal sides of postabdomen with groups of small spinules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F23C13D4FCDBFCF7" box="[819,887,744,769]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[169,1389,198,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[169,1398,193,1861]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Cheboksarskoye reservoir). A, setules of male antennule. B, apical end of upper antennal branch. C, armament of lateral side of postabdomen. D, molar part of right mandible. E, molar part of left mandible. F, G, armament of lateral side of postabdomenal claw, outer side. H, the same, inner side. Scale bars— 2.5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285545/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Postabdominal claws rather long (9.7–16.4 % of body length) and massive with 7–16 long spines, diminishing in size proximally and varying considerably in size and shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F0471213FE39FCB1" box="[328,405,815,840]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
H–R, 3A–X, Z). Claw outer lateral sides with long rows of spinules of smaller or larger size (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F190126EFF4EFC9D" box="[159,226,850,875]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[169,1389,198,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[169,1398,193,1861]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Cheboksarskoye reservoir). A, setules of male antennule. B, apical end of upper antennal branch. C, armament of lateral side of postabdomen. D, molar part of right mandible. E, molar part of left mandible. F, G, armament of lateral side of postabdomenal claw, outer side. H, the same, inner side. Scale bars— 2.5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285545/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
F, G) while on dorsal and inner sides these are less numerous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F293126EFC4CFC9D" box="[924,992,850,875]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[169,1389,198,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[169,1398,193,1861]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Cheboksarskoye reservoir). A, setules of male antennule. B, apical end of upper antennal branch. C, armament of lateral side of postabdomen. D, molar part of right mandible. E, molar part of left mandible. F, G, armament of lateral side of postabdomenal claw, outer side. H, the same, inner side. Scale bars— 2.5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285545/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
H).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F1901061FB46FDE1" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<table id="1BFF33B2FFC0007BF1901060FA92FDE1" box="[159,1342,348,535]" gridcols="4" gridrows="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<tr id="D7CFC350FFC0007BF1901060FA92FE84" box="[159,1342,348,370]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<th id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF1901060FF17FE84" box="[159,187,348,370]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">II</th>
|
||
<th id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF03A1060FEC6FE84" box="[309,362,348,370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">7 + 4</th>
|
||
<th id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF3161060FBF5FE84" box="[537,1113,348,370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F32E1061FD82FE84" box="[545,558,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
4+1)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F37A1061FD2DFE84" box="[629,641,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3+1)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F3C71061FD79FE84" box="[712,725,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F20E1061FCA1FE84" box="[769,781,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
18−21) (
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F2A51061FC1AFE84" box="[938,950,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
17−23)+(I+J)+p
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF5D31060FA92FE84" box="[1244,1342,348,370]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">+</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D7CFC350FFC0007BF19010B9FA92FE6D" box="[159,1342,389,411]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<th id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF19010B9FF17FE6D" box="[159,187,389,411]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">III</th>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF03A10B9FEC6FE6D" box="[309,362,389,411]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">7 + 4</td>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF31610B9FBF5FE6D" box="[537,1113,389,411]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F32E10BAFD82FE6D" box="[545,558,390,411]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
4+1)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F37A10BAFD2DFE6D" box="[629,641,390,411]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3+1)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F3C710BAFD79FE6D" box="[712,725,390,411]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F20E10BAFCA1FE6D" box="[769,781,390,411]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
19–20) (
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F2A510BAFC1AFE6D" box="[938,950,390,411]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
16)+(I+J)+p
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF5D310B9FA92FE6D" box="[1244,1342,389,411]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">+</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D7CFC350FFC0007BF1901092FA92FE33" box="[159,1342,430,453]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<th id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF1901092FF17FE33" box="[159,187,430,453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">IV</th>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF03A1092FEC6FE33" box="[309,362,430,453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">7 + 4</td>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF3161092FBF5FE33" box="[537,1113,430,453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F32E108CFD82FE33" box="[545,558,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
4+1)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F37A108CFD2DFE33" box="[629,641,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3+1)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F3C7108CFD79FE33" box="[712,725,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F20E108CFCA1FE33" box="[769,781,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
16) (
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F2A5108CFC1AFE33" box="[938,950,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
14)+(I+J)+p
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF5D31092FA92FE33" box="[1244,1342,430,453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">+</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D7CFC350FFC0007BF19010E4FA92FE18" box="[159,1342,472,494]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<th id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF19010E4FF17FE18" box="[159,187,472,494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">V</th>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF03A10E4FEC6FE18" box="[309,362,472,494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">6 + 3</td>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF31610E4FBF5FE18" box="[537,1113,472,494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F32E10E5FD82FE18" box="[545,558,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
3–4+1)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F38110E5FD37FE18" box="[654,667,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
2–3+1)+(
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F3F410E5FCABFE18" box="[763,775,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
14–15) (
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F2A510E5FC1AFE18" box="[938,950,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
|
||
14)+(I+J)+p
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF5D310E4FA92FE18" box="[1244,1342,472,494]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">+</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D7CFC350FFC0007BF190133DFA92FDE1" box="[159,1342,513,535]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<th id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF190133DFF17FDE1" box="[159,187,513,535]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">VI</th>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF03A133DFEC6FDE1" box="[309,362,513,535]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">5 + 1</td>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF316133DFBF5FDE1" box="[537,1113,513,535]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">7 + one thorn 2 + three thorns</td>
|
||
<td id="941EAA2CFFC0007BF5D3133DFA92FDE1" box="[1244,1342,513,535]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">+</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F1C81249FEAAFC01" blockId="5.[151,1436,604,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F1C81249FE39FC78" bold="true" box="[199,405,885,910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Juvenile females.</emphasis>
|
||
They have small body size (
|
||
<quantity id="AE076CF7FFC0FF81F3D01249FC26FC78" box="[735,906,885,910]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="0.73" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.56">0.56–0.90 mm</quantity>
|
||
), fewer antennal setae (0–2–7 / 0–1–4), which sometimes are accompanied by rudiment of proximalmost seta on second segment of upper antennal branch (larger juveniles often have full number of antennal setae), and fewer number of spines on postabdominal claws (5–8) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F19012E3FF4EFC01" box="[159,226,991,1016]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,201,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[205,1377,193,1837]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok – 4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A – Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
Y).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F1C8153EFEAAFB97" blockId="5.[151,1436,604,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F1C8153EFE6AFBED" bold="true" box="[199,454,1026,1051]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Gamogenetic female.</emphasis>
|
||
They are similar to parthenogenetic females with respect to all diagnostic features, differing from them only in presence of dark widely-oval resting eggs ((0.21–0.26) x
|
||
<quantity id="AE076CF7FFC0FF81F57B151AFB71FBC8" box="[1140,1245,1062,1086]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
|
||
) in brood pouch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F1901574FF4FFB97" box="[159,227,1096,1121]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
G).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F1C81550FE94F986" blockId="5.[151,1436,604,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F1C81550FEA7FB73" bold="true" box="[199,267,1132,1157]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
General body shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F30F1550FDEFFB73" box="[512,579,1132,1157]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A) is subtler than in females with low dorsal side of shell, having prominent dorso-posterior angle. Head with rounded anterior part and slightly larger eye (8.7–13.2 % of body length). It bears very long (57.3–82.2 % of body length), more or less S-curved antennules with massive proximal part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F418158EFAF6FB3D" box="[1303,1370,1202,1227]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B, C), bearing two outgrowths and nine aesthetascs situated on a small prominence on inner side of antennules in two groups of four and five (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F0A915C4FE45FAE7" box="[422,489,1272,1297]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Proximal outgrowth large, cone-shaped with slightly widened apical end directed backwards; distal one, smaller and usually rounded, quite variable in size and shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F5681420FB06FAC2" box="[1127,1194,1308,1333]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox="[178,1412,184,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[169,1417,175,1563]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, antennules of males (A, Neva River estuary; B, Lake Toros, Karelia; C, D, E, Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic; F, I – L, Kunovatskiy sor; G, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei, Komi Republic; M, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; N, O, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; P, Q, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; R, S, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Pir; U, Verhne-Olinskaja channel; V, River Amur near the mouth of River Hungari (Gur )). A – F, H – V, proximal part of antennule and distal outgrowth of antennule (F, antennule with malformed proximal outgrowth). G, malformed antennule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285548/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A–F, H–V), occupies anterior semiinternal position. A transparent stick-like solid structure (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC0FF81F2A01403FB74FAA1" author="Sars" box="[943,1240,1343,1368]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" refString="Sars, G. O. (1865) Norges Ferskvandskrebsdyr Forste afsnit Branchiopoda. I. Cladocera Ctenopoda (Sididae & Holopedidae). Efter det Academiske Collegium, Christiania, 71 pp." type="book" year="1865" yearSuffix="a">Sars 1865: Tab II, 14, 14a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which probably fulfils a supportive function, lies inside the basal parts of the antennules. Distal portion of antennules long, narrow, tapering to cone-shaped or finely-pointed terminus, and covered with numerous densely situated fine setules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F46B14B9FF0AFA37" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1902,1924]" captionTargetBox="[169,1389,198,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[169,1398,193,1861]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (Cheboksarskoye reservoir). A, setules of male antennule. B, apical end of upper antennal branch. C, armament of lateral side of postabdomen. D, molar part of right mandible. E, molar part of left mandible. F, G, armament of lateral side of postabdomenal claw, outer side. H, the same, inner side. Scale bars— 2.5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285545/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 6E, F). Swimming antennae (64.3–75.0 % of body length) identical to those of female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F5AC1494FB44FA37" box="[1187,1256,1448,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="1D41E7D2FFC0FF81F5D71494FB44FA37" box="[1240,1256,1448,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">6</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I). First thoracic limbs with large clasping organ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F32D14F0FDC6FA13" box="[546,618,1484,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
J–L), consisting of a large, probably movable, hook, a group of tiny denticles adjacent to it, and a prominent thorn located among them external to the hook (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F58414D3FB63F9FE" box="[1163,1231,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
L). Three filtering setae and one massive two-segmented naked seta are attached to small outgrowth situated internally near clasping hook (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F1D11709FE8DF9B8" box="[222,289,1589,1614]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
J, K). All other setae as in female, including small naked seta (“ns”) near distal end of proximal row of filtering setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F1C81740FD7DF92D" blockId="5.[151,1436,604,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F1C81740FE2CF963" bold="true" box="[199,384,1660,1685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Juvenile males.</emphasis>
|
||
In smaller males, antennules somewhat like that of females (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F5451740FB23F963" box="[1098,1167,1660,1685]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
G) but the sensory seta seems thicker and stays separate from aesthetascs. In larger males, antennule base enlarges, stretches and fuses with modified and enlarged sensory seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC0FF81F36617FEFD01F92D" box="[617,685,1730,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ ns ”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
H).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F1C817D9FE6BF8D6" blockId="5.[151,1436,604,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F1C817D9FF52F908" bold="true" box="[199,254,1765,1790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Size.</emphasis>
|
||
Parthenogenetic female body length: 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="AE076CF7FFC0FF81F3D217DAFCEAF90B" box="[733,838,1766,1790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="2.03">2.03 mm</quantity>
|
||
; up to
|
||
<quantity id="AE076CF7FFC0FF81F29A17DAFC56F90B" box="[917,1018,1766,1790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.40 mm</quantity>
|
||
according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC0FF81F59917D9FAFAF908" author="Sokolova" box="[1174,1366,1765,1790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" refString="Sokolova, E. A. (2005) Structural-functional characteristics of the population of Limnosida frontosa Sars in Rybinsk and Sheksninsk reservoirs. In: Rivier, I. K., Sherbina, G. X. & Krylov, V. (Eds.) Biological resources of freshwater invertebrates. Rybinsky pechatnyi dom, Rybinsk, 347 - 356. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="2005">Sokolova (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Male body length: 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="AE076CF7FFC0FF81F0531635FE6FF8D6" box="[348,451,1801,1825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.87" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="1.87">1.87 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC0FF81F1C81610FC98F802" blockId="5.[151,1436,604,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F1C81610FD6AF8B3" bold="true" box="[199,710,1836,1861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Individual and interpopulation variability.</emphasis>
|
||
In adult females, measured structures usually showed moderate variability among individuals, but variablility of diameter of eye, height of postabdomen, length of postabdominal claws, and especially depth of embayment of posterior valve margin was high (see Table 1). Number of filtering setae of endopodite and gnathobase of thoracic limbs varied as well (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="247DF4A9FFC0FF81F2F716A9FBFDF858" box="[1016,1105,1941,1966]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1342,348,535]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Data on structure and armament of thoracic limbs of Limnosida frontosa (specimens from the Neva River estuary (Finnish Gulf, August 8, 2006)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3D80919AFFC0FF81F19811A4FD90FF39" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" tableUuid="3D80919AFFC0FF81F19811A4FD90FF39">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Differences between mean values (M) of features, both significant (p <0.001; p <0.01) and insignificant, of specimens from different regions showed random distribution within the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFC0FF81F3BC16E1FC81F802" box="[691,813,2012,2036]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC0FF81F3BC16E1FC81F802" box="[691,813,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">L. frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3D80919AFFC3FF82F1981607FBA5F81C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285542/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" targetBox="[236,1341,201,1809]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC3FF82F1981607FBA5F81C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1851,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC3FF82F1981607FEB8F8A6" bold="true" box="[151,276,1851,1873]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFC3FF82F0141607FDFBF8A7" authority="Sars, 1862" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[283,599,1851,1873]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC3FF82F0141607FE4CF8A7" box="[283,480,1851,1873]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
Sars, 1862
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, females. (A, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; B, L, Lake Konnevesi, Finland; C, D, Cheboksarskoe reservoir; E, F, H–K, Neva River estuary; G, Lake Toros, Karelia; M, from left to right: Lake Gassi, Gor’kovskoe reservoir, Neva River estuary). A, B, general lateral view. C, head, frontal view. D, antennule. E, distal end of basipodite, outer side. F, the same, dorsal side. G, seta on the dorsal basal part of antennal basipodite. H, distal end of proximal segment of upper antennal branch. I, distal end of upper antennal branch. J, distal end of lower antennal branch, lateral side. K, the same, dorsal side. L, distal end of basipodite, inner side. M, posterior valve margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3D80919AFFC2FF83F1981635FCB6F86F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="68" targetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC2FF83F1981635FCB6F86F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1801,1945]" pageId="7" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC2FF83F1981635FEBDF8E8" bold="true" box="[151,273,1801,1823]" pageId="7" pageNumber="68">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFC2FF83F02E1635FDC9F8E9" authority="Sars, 1862" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[289,613,1801,1823]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC2FF83F02E1635FE45F8E9" box="[289,489,1801,1823]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="68">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
Sars, 1862
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B–E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H–R, postabdominal claws.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3D80919AFFCDFF8CF198167AFC13F803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="69" targetBox="[220,1370,201,1831]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFCDFF8CF198167AFC13F803" blockId="8.[151,1436,1862,2037]" pageId="8" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFCDFF8CF198167AFEA0F8AD" bold="true" box="[151,268,1862,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="69">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFCDFF8CF016167AFDFDF8AA" authority="Sars, 1862" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[281,593,1862,1884]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFCDFF8CF016167AFE71F8AA" box="[281,477,1862,1884]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="69">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
Sars, 1862
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok–4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A–Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3D80919AFFCCFF8DF1981652FAF7F834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285545/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="70" targetBox="[169,1389,198,1860]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFCCFF8DF1981652FAF7F834" blockId="9.[151,1436,1902,1986]" pageId="9" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFCCFF8DF1981652FEA0F875" bold="true" box="[151,268,1902,1924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="70">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFCCFF8DF0171652FDE3F872" authority="Sars, 1862" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[280,591,1902,1924]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="9" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFCCFF8DF0171652FE70F872" box="[280,476,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="70">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
Sars, 1862
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, females (Cheboksarskoye reservoir). A, setules of male antennule. B, apical end of upper antennal branch. C, armament of lateral side of postabdomen. D, molar part of right mandible. E, molar part of left mandible. F, G, armament of lateral side of postabdomenal claw, outer side. H, the same, inner side. Scale bars—2.5 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3D80919AFFCFFF8EF19817D4FC9AF86E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285546/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="71" targetBox="[159,1426,199,1721]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFCFFF8EF19817D4FC9AF86E" blockId="10.[151,1436,1768,1944]" pageId="10" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFCFFF8EF19817D4FEA2F908" bold="true" box="[151,270,1768,1790]" pageId="10" pageNumber="71">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFCFFF8EF01317D4FDF5F908" authority="Sars, 1862" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[284,601,1768,1790]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFCFFF8EF01317D4FE4EF908" box="[284,482,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="71">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
Sars, 1862
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, females (Lake Konnevesi, Finland) (most filtering setae of endopodites (en) not shown; terminal soft, non- segmented setae on the end of endopodite are indicated by unlabeled arrows; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ns”). A, thoracic limb of first pair (tl I), inner view. B, soft sensilla-like outgrowths of gnathobase. C, thoracic limb of second pair (tl II), inner view. D, scheme of attachments of two soft, not segmented setae of tl II, outer view (setulae not shown). E, modified thorn-like, naked, hooked seta on distal corner of gnathobases of tl III–tl V (J). F, Thoracic limb of sixth pair (tl VI), inner view. G, exopodite of thoracic limb of sixth pair.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3D80919AFFCEFF8FF1981679FC2FF803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285547/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="72" targetBox="[180,1408,202,1834]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFCEFF8FF1981679FC2FF803" blockId="11.[151,1436,1861,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFCEFF8FF1981679FEBFF8AD" bold="true" box="[151,275,1861,1883]" pageId="11" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFCEFF8FF0141679FDFAF8AD" authority="Sars, 1862" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[283,598,1861,1883]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="11" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFCEFF8FF0141679FE4CF8AD" box="[283,480,1861,1883]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="72">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
Sars, 1862
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, males (Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic, European Russia). A, general lateral view. B, antennule. C, proximal part of antennule, outer side. D, aesthetascs. E, distal end of antennule, inner view. F, the same, lateral view. G, H, antennules of juvenile males with body length 0.75 and 0.83 mm, respectively. I, distal end of antennal basipodite, outer side. J, endopodite of the thoracic limb of first pair (tl I) with clasping hook, inner view (terminal soft setae on the end of endopodite is indicated by arrow; naked seta of tl I is indicated as “ns”, setules of filtering setae not shown). K, apical end of endopodite of the same limb, frontal view. L, the same, outer view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="3D80919AFFC9FF88F1981719FC2EF943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285548/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" targetBox="[178,1412,184,1557]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC9FF88F1981719FC2EF943" blockId="12.[151,1436,1572,1717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC9FF88F1981719FEA7F9CC" bold="true" box="[151,267,1573,1595]" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFC9FF88F0171718FDFCF9CC" authority="Sars, 1862" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[280,592,1572,1594]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC9FF88F0171718FE70F9CC" box="[280,476,1572,1594]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
Sars, 1862
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, antennules of males (A, Neva River estuary; B, Lake Toros, Karelia; C, D, E, Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic; F, I–L, Kunovatskiy sor; G, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei, Komi Republic; M, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; N, O, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; P, Q, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; R, S, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Pir; U, Verhne-Olinskaja channel; V, River Amur near the mouth of River Hungari (Gur)). A–F, H–V, proximal part of antennule and distal outgrowth of antennule (F, antennule with malformed proximal outgrowth). G, malformed antennule.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC9FF88F1C817E7FE67F896" blockId="12.[151,1437,1755,2032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Spines of postabdominal claws, especially distal ones, differed in size and degree of inclination to claw. Specimens of some populations had comparatively short and weakly inclined spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC9FF88F55C17C3FB39F8EE" box="[1107,1173,1791,1816]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
H–J,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC9FF88F5DF17C3FABDF8EE" box="[1232,1297,1791,1816]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,201,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[205,1377,193,1837]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok – 4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A – Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
O, R), while others had both less inclined and more inclined spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC9FF88F20E161FFCEFF8CA" box="[769,835,1827,1852]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
K, L, N, O), or had only strongly inclined spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC9FF88F460161FFF0FF896" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,201,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[205,1377,193,1837]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok – 4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A – Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A–G, I–M, Q, U, V, X, Z).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC9FF88F1C81657FC87F806" blockId="12.[151,1437,1755,2032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">
|
||
While the proximal outgrowth of male antennules demonstrated morphological stability, the distal one varied considerably in size and shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC9FF88F0F416B3FD90F85E" box="[507,572,1935,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox="[178,1412,184,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[169,1417,175,1563]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, antennules of males (A, Neva River estuary; B, Lake Toros, Karelia; C, D, E, Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic; F, I – L, Kunovatskiy sor; G, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei, Komi Republic; M, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; N, O, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; P, Q, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; R, S, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Pir; U, Verhne-Olinskaja channel; V, River Amur near the mouth of River Hungari (Gur )). A – F, H – V, proximal part of antennule and distal outgrowth of antennule (F, antennule with malformed proximal outgrowth). G, malformed antennule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285548/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A–F, H–V). Conspicuous intra- and interpopulation variability of this feature was frequently observed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC9FF88F0DE168FFDB6F83A" box="[465,538,1971,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox="[178,1412,184,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[169,1417,175,1563]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, antennules of males (A, Neva River estuary; B, Lake Toros, Karelia; C, D, E, Lake Kilometrovoe, Komi Republic; F, I – L, Kunovatskiy sor; G, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei, Komi Republic; M, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; N, O, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; P, Q, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; R, S, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Pir; U, Verhne-Olinskaja channel; V, River Amur near the mouth of River Hungari (Gur )). A – F, H – V, proximal part of antennule and distal outgrowth of antennule (F, antennule with malformed proximal outgrowth). G, malformed antennule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285548/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
C–E, N–O, P–Q, R–S); this was especially prominent in specimens from Kunovatsky sor (Lower Ob’ River basin, Western Siberia).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1C811A4FEA8FF23" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
|
||
In some specimens, malformed postabdominal claws, spines, and antennules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFC8FF89F55E11ABFB0FFF46" box="[1105,1187,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,201,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[205,1377,193,1837]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok – 4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A – Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
S, T, W; 7F, G) were observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21E59299FFC8FF8AF1C811E3FE7FFC3E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1C811E3FBFBFE93" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC8FF89F1C811E3FE97FF0E" bold="true" box="[199,315,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC8FF89F04011DCFE78FF0E" author="Sars" box="[335,468,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" refString="Sars, G. O. (1861 (1993 )) On the freshwater crustaceans occurring in the vicinity of Christiania. University of Bergen, Bergen, 197 pp." type="book" year="1861">Sars (1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(1993), 1862) found and originally described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFC8FF89F53711DDFB13FF0E" box="[1080,1215,224,248]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC8FF89F53711DDFB13FF0E" box="[1080,1215,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">L. frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only from Lake Koldbjørnsvigsjønen in south-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E88182FFC8FF89F3441039FD0BFEEB" box="[587,679,261,285]" name="Norway" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFC8FF89F3E41039FCB7FEEB" box="[747,795,261,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series (
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFC8FF89F2781038FC70FEEA" box="[887,988,260,284]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
) is stored in ZMUO (M. Christiansen, pers. comm.) and was not accessible for this study. Norwegian specimens used in this study, initially studied and labeled by G.O. Sars, originate from another Norwegian location, Lake Stensrudvann.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1C81053FB7EFDCA" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
|
||
The original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFC8FF89F0F1104DFDD6FE7E" box="[510,634,368,392]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC8FF89F0F1104DFDD6FE7E" box="[510,634,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">L. frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was brief and incomplete, lacking figures and including only females. (Although figures were present in the unpublished manuscript (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC8FF89F26A10A8FC71FE5B" author="Sars" box="[869,989,404,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" refString="Sars, G. O. (1861 (1993 )) On the freshwater crustaceans occurring in the vicinity of Christiania. University of Bergen, Bergen, 197 pp." type="book" year="1861">Sars, 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(1993)), some of them were later lost). In addition, comparison of the present data with those by Sars revealed some inaccuracies. Initially, he counted eight antennular aesthetascs in two groups of four, and later, in his more detailed description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFC8FF89F5DF10E0FAEAFE03" author="Sars" box="[1232,1350,476,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" refString="Sars, G. O. (1865) Norges Ferskvandskrebsdyr Forste afsnit Branchiopoda. I. Cladocera Ctenopoda (Sididae & Holopedidae). Efter det Academiske Collegium, Christiania, 71 pp." type="book" year="1865">Sars 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), seven aesthetascs were incorrectly noted, three in the anterior group and four in the posterior one. Thoracic limbs were poorly described and sketchily drawn: in the female only tl III and tl VI and in the male only tl I.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3D80919AFFC8FF89F1981350FA86FD35" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1981350FA86FD35" blockId="13.[151,1436,619,707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC8FF89F1981350FEBCFD75" bold="true" box="[151,272,620,643]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Regional distribution of two variable morphological features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFC8FF89F2F71357FB62FD75" box="[1016,1230,619,643]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFC8FF89F2F71357FB62FD75" box="[1016,1230,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Limnosida frontosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(populations with juvenile specimens only not included) (NW—north-west of Europe, VR—basin of Middle Volga River, NE—north-east of European Russia, WS—north of Western Siberia, ES—Eastern Siberia (Yakutia), FE—Far East of Russia).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F19013E2FEA9FCE5" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Region and number Spines of postabdominal claws Distal outgrowth of male’s antennules of locality</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F084121AFE35FC90" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">short and weakly inclined long and strongly inclined short long NW 1 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1901253FE35FC72" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" box="[159,409,878,900]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">NW 2 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F19012B1FE35FC54" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" box="[159,409,908,930]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">NW 3 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1901290FE35FC37" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" box="[159,409,939,961]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">NW 4 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F19012F6FE35FC0B" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">NW 5 + + NW 6 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F190153AFE35FBAE" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">NW 7 + + NW 8 + + NW 10 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F190155DFD74FB62" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">VR 11 + + + VR 12 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F19015A1FD74FB19" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">VR 14 + + NE 15 + + + NE 16 + +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F19015C4FD75FADA" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">NE 17 + + + WS 18 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1901408FD74FA17" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">WS 20 + + WS 21 + + WS 22 + + ES 23 + + ES 24 + + + ES 25 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F19014D6FD74F9F6" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" box="[159,728,1514,1536]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">ES 26 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1901734FD74F98F" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">ES 27 + + + ES 29 + + ES 30 + + FE 33 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F19017BEFD74F961" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" box="[159,728,1665,1687]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">FE 34 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F190179CFD74F943" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" box="[159,728,1695,1717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">FE 35 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1901782FD74F925" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" box="[159,728,1725,1747]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">FE 37 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F19017E1FD74F904" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" box="[159,728,1756,1778]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">FE 38 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F19017C7FD74F89D" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">FE 41 + + FE 42 + + FE 43 + + FE 44 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F1901648FD74F851" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">FE 46 + + FE 47 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFC8FF89F190168DFD74F830" blockId="13.[159,1417,734,1990]" box="[159,728,1968,1990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">FE 48 +</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFCBFF8AF1C811ABFAA8FF0E" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFCBFF8AF1C811ABFE25FF46" author="Lilljeborg" box="[199,393,151,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" refString="Lilljeborg, W. (1901) Cladocera Sueciae oder Beitrage sur Kenntnis der in Schweden lebenden Krebstiere von der Ordnung der Branchiopoden und der Unterordnung der Cladoceren. Nova acta Regiae societatis scientiarum upsaliensis. Ser. 3, 19, 1 - 701." type="journal article" year="1901">Lilljeborg (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was even less detailed than Sars and almost fully repeated his mistakes. He described “7−8 aesthetascs” of the antennules and presented sketches only of selected thoracic limbs (tl I and tl VI in female and tl I in male). Shortly thereafter,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D6EBCE3FFCBFF8AF0EC11E3FD05FF0E" author="Scourfield" box="[483,681,223,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" refString="Scourfield, D. J. (1905) Die sogenannten " Riechstabchen " der Cladoceren. Forschungsberichte aus der Biologischen Station zu Plon, 12, 340 - 353." type="journal article" year="1905">Scourfield (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
first described the antennules of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEFFBA91FFCBFF8AF51211DCFB3FFF0E" box="[1053,1171,224,248]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Limnosida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B8B1D00FFCBFF8AF51211DCFB3FFF0E" box="[1053,1171,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Limnosida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
correctly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFCBFF8AF1C81038FB58FE26" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Some variable morphological features described above, i.e. spines of postabdominal claws, distal outgrowth of male’s antennules, denticle on postero-ventral angle of shell valves, and emargination of posterior shell margin, seemed likely to have potential taxonomic significance. However, the latter three features proved in general to be randomly distributed over the different regions of the continent which is also characteristic for all meristic features presented in Table 1. Although from
|
||
<tableCitation id="247DF4A9FFCBFF8AF33C10A8FD2BFE5A" box="[563,647,404,429]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="13.[151,239,620,643]" captionText="TABLE 3. Regional distribution of two variable morphological features of Limnosida frontosa (populations with juvenile specimens only not included) (NW—north-west of Europe, VR—basin of Middle Volga River, NE—north-east of European Russia, WS—north of Western Siberia, ES—Eastern Siberia (Yakutia), FE—Far East of Russia)." pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
, data suggest that males with a long distal outgrowth of the antennules are absent from the Far East, too few males were collected from this region to make this a certainty.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFCBFF8AF1C810E0FE4FFD06" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">
|
||
On the other hand, distribution of
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFCBFF8AF34110E1FD25FE03" box="[590,649,477,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of spinulation of the postabdominal claws shows, in general, a more regular trend (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="247DF4A9FFCBFF8AF06C10C3FE14FDEE" box="[355,440,511,536]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="13.[151,239,620,643]" captionText="TABLE 3. Regional distribution of two variable morphological features of Limnosida frontosa (populations with juvenile specimens only not included) (NW—north-west of Europe, VR—basin of Middle Volga River, NE—north-east of European Russia, WS—north of Western Siberia, ES—Eastern Siberia (Yakutia), FE—Far East of Russia)." pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). Specimens with comparatively short and weakly inclined distal spines (“north-western
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFCBFF8AF1981318FF67FDCA" box="[151,203,548,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
|
||
”) are distributed mostly in the north-west of Eurasia (Fennoscandia, including the north-west of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E88182FFCBFF8AF4471318FA38FDCB" box="[1352,1428,548,573]" name="Russia" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (populations
|
||
<quantity id="AE076CF7FFCBFF8AF0201374FE25FD96" box="[303,393,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="0.254" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" unit="in" value="5.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="1.0">1–10 in</quantity>
|
||
“Material and Methods”) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFCBFF8AF3C2137BFCB8FD96" box="[717,788,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
H–J, P), while specimens with comparatively long and strongly inclined spines (“eastern
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFCBFF8AF3101350FDFEFD72" box="[543,594,620,644]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
|
||
”) dominate in Eastern Siberia (Yakutia) (populations 23–30) and the Far East (populations 33–48) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFCBFF8AF0CD13B3FDAFFD5E" box="[450,515,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,201,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[205,1377,193,1837]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok – 4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A – Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D, E, J–Q, T–V, X, Z) as well as in the north of Western Siberia (populations 18– 22) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFCBFF8AF1DF1388FEB9FD3A" box="[208,277,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,201,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[205,1377,193,1837]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok – 4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A – Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C). Further, similar specimens were encountered from the middle part of the Volga River basin (populations 11–14) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFCBFF8AF08813EBFE67FD06" box="[391,459,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,201,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[205,1377,193,1837]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok – 4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A – Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="1D41E7D2FFCBFF8AF0B313E4FE67FD06" box="[444,459,728,752]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">3</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6940C112FFCBFF8AF1C813C1FE7FFC3E" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">
|
||
In addition, specimens from two populations (15 and 16) from the north-east of European
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E88182FFCBFF8AF5F313C0FAEBFCE3" box="[1276,1351,764,789]" name="Russia" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Komi Republic) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFCBFF8AF0191223FEF6FCCE" box="[278,346,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
K, N) and from one population from Western Siberia (17—Kunovatskiy sor) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFCBFF8AF5D71223FA8BFCCE" box="[1240,1319,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
M, 3B, C) demonstrated presence of claw spines of both
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFCBFF8AF3A21279FD47FCAB" box="[685,747,837,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">types</typeStatus>
|
||
. Also, specimens from two localities from the Lower Amur River (Far East—41, 42) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFCBFF8AF0B3125BFE53FC76" box="[444,511,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1862,1884]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,201,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[205,1377,193,1837]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, Ob’ River basin; B, C, Kunovatskiy sor; D, S, Lake Nijili, Yakutia; E, Lake Beloe, Yakutia; F, Nadymsky gorodok – 4; G, H, Lower Ob’ River; I, Cheboksarskoye reservoir; J, Lake Usun-Kuel’, Yakutia; K, L, Lake Taiylar, Yakutia; M, N, roadside pond, Yakutia; O, Lake Petropavlovskoye; P, Q, Lower Amur River near Leninskoye; R, Lake Chlja; T, Lake Bolon’; U, Lake Gassi; V, River Amur near mouth of River Hungari (Gur); W, Gor’kovskoye reservoir; X, channel under the bridge, Lower Amur River; Y, Lake Jingpo, China; Z—Lake Khanka). A – Z, postabdominal claws and distal parts of the claws (S, T, W—malformed claws)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285544/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
O, R) have the claw spines of “north-western
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFCBFF8AF2F01254FB9DFC76" box="[1023,1073,872,896]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
|
||
” and specimens from the Pregel River (Kaliningrad area,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E88182FFCBFF8AF0BF12B0FE50FC53" box="[432,508,908,933]" name="Russia" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) possess long and rather inclined spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1C4DD97FFCBFF8AF2DE12B0FBB8FC52" box="[977,1044,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,203,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1411,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnosida frontosa Sars, 1862, females (A, E, Neva River estuary; B, Sheksninskoye reservoir; C, D, Lake Bolon’, Far East of Russia; F, L, O, Lake Kilometrovoe; G, Lake Nidjili, Yakutia; H, Lake Stensrudvann, Norway; I, J, Lake Rostajarvi, Karelia; K, N, Lake Bol’shoi Harbei; M, Kunovatskiy sor; P, Lake Toros, Karelia; R, Pregel River). A, postabdomen, lateral side. B – E, posterior part of ventral valve margin. F, maxilla (mx I) and maxillula (mx II) near the base of tl I. G, resting eggs in brood pouch. H – R, postabdominal claws." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285543/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
R) of “eastern
|
||
<typeStatus id="B6447FB0FFCBFF8AF5B512B0FB40FC52" box="[1210,1260,908,932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
|
||
” (but here only two juveniles were present).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |