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<document id="E736566AE68E334ECD91EB80E16F3BCC" ID-CLB-Dataset="31577" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49a11228-6c4d-478f-b958-52610eaab951" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1044772" ID-ZooBank="176D72B0-0DD6-4D51-83CA-D47C2268A3CF" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510292974405" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. &amp; Horton, Tammy" docDate="2017" docId="03F0943BFFD04D180BF8FE77FAF3165B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4347.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4347 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Clytia gigantea" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFC9EC43FFDC4D140B6FFFAEFFC61048" masterDocTitle="Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698480972487" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="19B862C22300BBFE955B77C856D1CE28">Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B26430B29088C553BD2B1C048E81E0C">Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03F0943BFFD04D180BF8FE77FAF3165B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5248584" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137255877" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5248584" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F0943BFFD04D180BF8FE77FAF3165B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F0943BFFD04D180BF8FE77FAF3165B" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BF8FE77FDCF11BB" blockId="12.[151,521,473,533]" box="[151,521,473,499]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD04D180BF8FE77FDCF11BB" ID-CoL="QC9J" authority="(Hincks, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[151,521,473,499]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gigantea">
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<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180BF8FE77FE8811BB" bold="true" box="[151,334,473,499]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Clytia gigantea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180A32FE77FDC711BB" author="Hincks" box="[349,513,473,499]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Hincks, T. (1866) On new British Hydoida. Annals and Magazine of natural History, 18, 296 - 299." type="journal article" year="1866">Hincks, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BF8FE52FEE6125D" blockId="12.[151,521,473,533]" box="[151,288,508,533]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
(
<figureCitation id="136239A8FFD04D180BF0FE52FEDE125D" box="[159,280,508,533]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[260,1348,228,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[225,1369,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Clytia gigantea (Hincks, 1866): A, hydrotheca; B, detail of distal part of hydrotheca showing aperture with cusps. Zygophylax levinseni (Saemundsson, 1911): C, fragment of branch showing hydrothecal arrangement; D, hydrotheca, pedicel and apophysis; E, origin of branch showing apophysis and perisarc hole left by missing nematotheca; F, nematotheca; G, gonotheca; H, nematocyst (arrow). Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C, G), 100 µm (B, D F), 10 µm (H)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1044782/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5AB</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD04D180BF8FDEAFECB12FE" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BF8FDEAFF321230" blockId="12.[151,1436,580,694]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB490203FFD04D180BF8FDEAFF321230" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180BF8FDEAFEED1212" box="[151,299,580,602]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Campanularia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD04D180A5DFDEBFD971212" ID-CoL="QC9J" authority="Hincks, 1866: 297" authorityName="Hincks" authorityPageNumber="297" authorityYear="1866" box="[306,593,580,602]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gigantea">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180A5DFDEBFE4D1212" box="[306,395,581,602]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">gigantea</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AF8033CFFD04D180AFDFDEAFD971212" author="Hincks" box="[402,593,580,602]" page="297" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1866">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180AFDFDEAFDDB1212" author="Hincks" box="[402,541,580,602]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Hincks, T. (1866) On new British Hydoida. Annals and Magazine of natural History, 18, 296 - 299." type="journal article" year="1866">Hincks, 1866</bibRefCitation>
: 297
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 1868: 174, pl. 35 fig. 1;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF8033CFFD04D180836FDEAFBEA1212" author="Jaderholm" box="[857,1068,580,602]" page="69" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180836FDEAFBC01212" author="Jaderholm" box="[857,1030,580,602]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1909) Northern and arctic invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish state museum (Riksmuseum). IV Hydroiden. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 45, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1909">Jäderholm, 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 69
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 7, figs 13;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF8033CFFD04D180FB9FDEAFF361230" author="Christiansen" page="293" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180FB9FDEAFA5E1212" author="Christiansen" box="[1238,1432,580,602]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Christiansen, B. O. (1972) The hydroid fauna of the Oslo Fjord in Norway. Norwegian Journal of Zoology, 20, 279 - 310." type="journal article" year="1972">Christiansen, 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 293
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BF8FD2FFECB12FE" blockId="12.[151,1436,580,694]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB490203FFD04D180BF8FD2FFECB12FE" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD04D180BF8FD2FFEF312DF" ID-CoL="QC9J" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,309,641,663]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gigantea">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180BF8FD2FFEF312DF" box="[151,309,641,663]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Clytia gigantea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AF8033CFFD04D180A20FD2FFDCD12DF" author="Hirohito" box="[335,523,641,663]" page="61" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180A20FD2FFE2112DF" author="Hirohito" box="[335,487,641,663]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1995) Hydroids of Sagami Bay. II. Thecata. Biological Laboratory of the Imperial Household, Tokyo, 179 pp." type="book" year="1995">Hirohito, 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 61
</treatmentCitation>
63, fig. 18a, b;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF8033CFFD04D1809DAFD2CFC3412DF" author="Vervoort" box="[693,1010,641,663]" page="418" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D1809DAFD2CFC0612DF" author="Vervoort" box="[693,960,641,663]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Vervoort, W. &amp; Watson, J. E. (2003) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand. Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort &amp; Watson, 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 418
</treatmentCitation>
, 419, fig. 102J;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF8033CFFD04D180FF7FD2FFA8512DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5248548" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5248548" author="Calder" box="[1176,1347,641,663]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C8247ED02FFFA2FF62FDB1FBCE2FF7" page="46" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180FF7FD2FFAD912DF" author="Calder" box="[1176,1311,641,663]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder, 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 46
</treatmentCitation>
47, figs 4647.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD04D180BF8FD4CFB1612B3" box="[151,1232,738,763]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BF8FD4CFB1612B3" blockId="12.[151,1437,738,1555]" box="[151,1232,738,763]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180BF8FD4CFE2E12B3" bold="true" box="[151,488,738,763]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined. 51103#5</emphasis>
, one stem
<quantity id="4CA188C8FFD04D18090EFD4DFD7612B2" box="[609,688,739,763]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
high and two extra hydrothecae, no gonothecae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD04D180BA8FCA8FDB0139B" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BA8FCA8FCAE13C3" blockId="12.[151,1437,738,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180BA8FCA8FE9F1357" bold="true" box="[199,345,774,799]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description.</emphasis>
The 13-mm-high stem is provided with three hydrothecae (two of them broken). The isolated hydrothecae are provided with a very long pedicel. Hydrotheca elongate, roughly cylindrical in distal half, tapering in basal half (
<figureCitation id="136239A8FFD04D180A42FCE0FE41132F" box="[301,391,846,871]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[260,1348,228,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[225,1369,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Clytia gigantea (Hincks, 1866): A, hydrotheca; B, detail of distal part of hydrotheca showing aperture with cusps. Zygophylax levinseni (Saemundsson, 1911): C, fragment of branch showing hydrothecal arrangement; D, hydrotheca, pedicel and apophysis; E, origin of branch showing apophysis and perisarc hole left by missing nematotheca; F, nematotheca; G, gonotheca; H, nematocyst (arrow). Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C, G), 100 µm (B, D F), 10 µm (H)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1044782/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). Rim of hydrothecal aperture with eight to 13 cusps, with smoothly curved distal part, curved inwards, and separated by deep, rounded embayments (
<figureCitation id="136239A8FFD04D18086CFCDCFC9D13C3" box="[771,859,882,907]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[260,1348,228,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[225,1369,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Clytia gigantea (Hincks, 1866): A, hydrotheca; B, detail of distal part of hydrotheca showing aperture with cusps. Zygophylax levinseni (Saemundsson, 1911): C, fragment of branch showing hydrothecal arrangement; D, hydrotheca, pedicel and apophysis; E, origin of branch showing apophysis and perisarc hole left by missing nematotheca; F, nematotheca; G, gonotheca; H, nematocyst (arrow). Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C, G), 100 µm (B, D F), 10 µm (H)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1044782/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BA8FC39FDB0139B" blockId="12.[151,1437,738,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Measurements (in µm).
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180AB8FC38FD9C13E7" box="[471,602,918,943]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Hydrotheca</emphasis>
: height 11002000, diameter at aperture 400840, diameter at diaphragm 100140, height of basal chamber 40100.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD04D180BA8FC70FC831516" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BA8FC70FF02142B" blockId="12.[151,1437,738,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180BA8FC70FEFD13BF" bold="true" box="[199,315,990,1015]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
The two isolated hydrothecae are distinctly smaller (11001240 high and
<quantity id="4CA188C8FFD04D180FF1FC70FAE713BF" box="[1182,1313,990,1015]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0922" metricValueMax="1.1684" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="430.0" valueMax="460.0" valueMin="400.0">400460 in</quantity>
maximum diameter) than the undamaged one of the branched stem (2000 high and
<quantity id="4CA188C8FFD04D1808AEFBADFBCE1453" box="[961,1032,1026,1051]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1336" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="840.0">840 in</quantity>
maximum diameter).
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180E6FFBACFA5A1453" author="Calder" box="[1280,1436,1026,1051]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder (2012)</bibRefCitation>
also found hydrothecae exceeding 2000 µm in length in his material and
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D1808B8FB88FB701477" author="Christiansen" box="[983,1206,1062,1087]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Christiansen, B. O. (1972) The hydroid fauna of the Oslo Fjord in Norway. Norwegian Journal of Zoology, 20, 279 - 310." type="journal article" year="1972">Christiansen (1972)</bibRefCitation>
even reaching 3000 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BA8FBC0FC2014CF" blockId="12.[151,1437,738,1555]" box="[199,998,1134,1159]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
The gonotheca of this species was recently described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D18082DFBC0FC2414CF" author="Calder" box="[834,994,1134,1159]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder (2012)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BA8FB3DFB5B1487" blockId="12.[151,1437,738,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
As indicated by other authors (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D18090DFB3CFD3614E3" author="Calder" box="[610,752,1170,1195]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder 2012</bibRefCitation>
) this species is easily recognizable by the large size of the hydrotheca, as well as by the shape of the hydrothecal cusp (linguiform
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D1808D2FB19FC3D1486" box="[957,1019,1207,1230]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180F6DFB18FB571487" author="Calder" box="[1026,1169,1206,1231]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BA8FB74FC831516" blockId="12.[151,1437,738,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180A0EFB74FDC614BB" author="Calder" box="[353,512,1242,1267]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder (2012)</bibRefCitation>
, reports of this species from the Mediterranean and the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America need confirmation. The species has also been reported from Chile (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180F1CFB50FACF155F" author="Leloup" box="[1139,1289,1278,1303]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Leloup, E. (1974) Hydropolypes calyptoblastiques du Chili. Report no. 48 of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948 - 1949. Sarsia, 55, 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1974.10411252" type="journal article" year="1974">Leloup 1974</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180E78FB50FF151573" author="Galea" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Galea, H. R., Haussermann, V. &amp; Forsterra, G. (2009) New additions to the hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile. Zootaxa, 2019, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="2009">
Galea
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180E0EFB51FA5A155F" box="[1377,1436,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
), but
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180A7BFA8CFDF41573" author="Galea" box="[276,562,1314,1339]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Galea, H. R. &amp; Schories, D. (2012) Some hydrozoans (Cnidaria) from Central Chile and the Strait of Magellan. Zootaxa, 3296, 19 - 67." type="journal article" year="2012">Galea &amp; Schories (2012)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that Leloups record was based on a misidentification and that the attributable record by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180AE0FAE8FDA71517" box="[399,609,1350,1375]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Galea, H. R., Haussermann, V. &amp; Forsterra, G. (2009) New additions to the hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile. Zootaxa, 2019, 1 - 28." type="journal article">
Galea
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180AB8FAE9FDC91517" box="[471,527,1350,1375]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
was also erroneous.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD04D180BA8FAC4FAF3165B" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BA8FAC4FB3D15EF" blockId="12.[151,1437,738,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180BA8FAC4FE3315CB" bold="true" box="[199,501,1386,1411]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
This species was found at depths between 20 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180892FAC4FB4C15CB" author="Calder" box="[1021,1162,1386,1411]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder 2012</bibRefCitation>
) and
<quantity id="4CA188C8FFD04D180FA8FAC4FAC815CA" box="[1223,1294,1386,1411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="512.0">512 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180E74FAC5FEE815EF" author="Vervoort" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Vervoort, W. &amp; Watson, J. E. (2003) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand. Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort &amp; Watson 2003</bibRefCitation>
); the present material comes from
<quantity id="4CA188C8FFD04D1809DEFA21FC8E15EE" box="[689,840,1422,1447]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="9.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="940.0" valueMax="950.0" valueMin="930.0">930 to 950 m</quantity>
, extending its lower bathymetric limit.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BA8FA1CFAF3165B" blockId="12.[151,1437,738,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180A01FA1CFDD21583" author="Calder" box="[366,532,1458,1483]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder (2012)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD04D180949FA1CFD1C1583" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1866" box="[550,730,1458,1483]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gigantea">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD04D180949FA1CFD1C1583" box="[550,730,1458,1483]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Clytia gigantea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed for the boreal waters of the North Atlantic. However, the species has also been reported from Japanese waters (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D1808FAFA78FBF115A7" author="Hirohito" box="[917,1079,1494,1519]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1995) Hydroids of Sagami Bay. II. Thecata. Biological Laboratory of the Imperial Household, Tokyo, 179 pp." type="book" year="1995">Hirohito 1995</bibRefCitation>
) and from the Chatham Islands region, in the South Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180AB8FA55FD30165B" author="Vervoort" box="[471,758,1531,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Vervoort, W. &amp; Watson, J. E. (2003) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand. Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort &amp; Watson 2003</bibRefCitation>
). Our material comes from the Porcupine Seabight.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>