442 lines
39 KiB
XML
442 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="EDE14DAC3DB4490DB7CD370A5F270695" ID-CLB-Dataset="51071" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.170943" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fa8f36a5-d0cd-4c3d-81bc-4c4b691729ba" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="170943" checkinTime="1459717147821" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gertsson, Carl-Axel & Hodgson, Chris" docDate="2005" docId="03B37C0A0247FFEA26001A77FC715D1F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00897.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 897" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@5633dafd" docStyleName="zootaxa.0000.journal_article" docTitle="Pulvinaria ellesmerensis Richards" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FF8A04720254FFFC27081969FFD85949" masterDocTitle="Four new species of mealybug (Pseudococcidae) and a new species of soft scale (Coccidae: Coccoidea: Hemiptera) from Greenland and redescriptions of a mealybug and a soft scale from Arctic Canada" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1732757073879" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9E83213FFF2F7D5C62A63C54936D8A16">Four new species of mealybug (Pseudococcidae) and a new species of soft scale (Coccidae: Coccoidea: Hemiptera) from Greenland and redescriptions of a mealybug and a soft scale from Arctic Canada</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="024D13D4F48F602FD82C513D046915C1">Gertsson, Carl-Axel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3601840E88F4B5B243BE154FFEC11B3B">Hodgson, Chris</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7C6ECD4283511C4D69F9DCE55C2B8F12">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2F054F93EDACC4521DAC6ED5E7B3CE87">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5170C5AE367447EF64517144069852C1">
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<mods:date id="04C91243B2B764E8EDEB31718893F8DE">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5325FB7FD6ECEFC8E08E2174476CBA3A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="78DA9871CFF231FDE0A7E466ED9F614E">897</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5AA06F975C12403EA2EE166F862DFE86" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.170943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6883B4E4F43C02567C08CC4CF0C9C80D" type="Zenodo-Dep">170943</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B37C0A0247FFEA26001A77FC715D1F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119334851" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B37C0A0247FFEA26001A77FC715D1F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B37C0A0247FFEA26001A77FC715D1F" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" scope_family="Coccidae" scope_order="Hemiptera" scope_superFamily="Coccoidea">
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<subSubSection id="C3009E970247FFEF26001A77FC555A71" box="[264,909,798,824]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0247FFEF26001A77FC555A71" blockId="19.[264,909,798,824]" box="[264,909,798,824]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<heading id="D0ED7A700247FFEF26001A77FC555A71" bold="true" box="[264,909,798,824]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96E110E0247FFEF26001A77FC555A71" bold="true" box="[264,909,798,824]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1AB69F0247FFEF26001A77FCF45A71" ID-CoL="6WPBF" authority="Richards" authorityName="Richards" box="[264,812,798,824]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellesmerensis">
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<emphasis id="B96E110E0247FFEF26001A77FD6A5A71" bold="true" box="[264,690,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">PULVINARIA ELLESMERENSIS</emphasis>
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Richards
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1321D1990247FFEF24331A77FC5C5A71" box="[827,900,798,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="20.[264,368,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[301,1287,316,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[293,1305,313,1705]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult female of Pulvinaria ellesmerensis Richards. Labels etc as on Fig. 5, except L = claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170950/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Fig.
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF247C1A77FC5C5A71" box="[884,900,798,824]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="7.0">7</number>
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</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3009E970247FFEF26001A03FB495A87" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0247FFEF26001A03FC3A5AC9" blockId="19.[264,994,873,897]" box="[264,994,873,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0AEA320247FFEF26001A03FC3A5AC9" box="[264,994,873,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1AB69F0247FFEF26001A03FD2F5AC9" ID-CoL="6WPBF" authority="Richards 1964: 1457" authorityName="Richards" authorityPageNumber="1457" authorityYear="1964" box="[264,759,873,897]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellesmerensis">
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<emphasis id="B96E110E0247FFEF26001A03FDD75AC8" box="[264,527,874,897]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pulvinaria ellesmerensis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABBEB0D0247FFEF251E1A00FD2F5AC9" author="Richards" box="[534,759,873,896]" page="1457" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1964">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8BB0ED0247FFEF251E1A00FD6D5AC9" author="Richards" box="[534,693,873,896]" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" refString="Richards, W. R. (1964) The scale insects of the Canadian Arctic (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Canadian Entomologist, 96, 1457 - 1462." type="journal article" year="1964">
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Richards
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF25741A00FD6D5AC9" box="[636,693,873,896]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1964.0">1964</number>
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
:
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF25B71A00FD2F5AC9" box="[703,759,873,896]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1457.0">1457</number>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABBEB0D0247FFEF240A1A00FC065AC9" author="Ben-Dov" box="[770,990,873,896]" page="257" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8BB0ED0247FFEF240A1A00FC715AC9" author="Ben-Dov" box="[770,937,873,896]" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of the Soft Scale Insects of the World (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). Fauna & Flora Handbook No. 9. Sandhill Crane Press Inc., Gainesville, Florida, 536 pp." type="book" year="1993">
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BenDov,
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF24781A00FC715AC9" box="[880,937,873,896]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1993.0">1993</number>
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</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF24BB1A00FC065AC9" box="[947,990,873,896]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="257.0">257</number>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0247FFEF26001ADDFB495A87" blockId="19.[264,1169,948,974]" box="[264,1169,948,974]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Described from
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<specimenCount id="9D1C06950247FFEF26CE1ADDFDCE5A87" box="[454,534,948,974]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="adult">
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF26CE1ADDFE0D5A87" box="[454,469,948,974]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="3.0">3</number>
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adult
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</specimenCount>
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females in fair to good condition, although unstained.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3009E970247FFEF26001D6DFC045E77" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0247FFEF26001D6DFC795D57" blockId="19.[264,1323,1028,1854]" box="[264,929,1028,1054]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B96E110E0247FFEF26001D6DFDD55D57" bold="true" box="[264,525,1028,1054]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Unmounted material</emphasis>
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: not seen and no details available.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0247FFEF26301D45FE435DF7" blockId="19.[264,1323,1028,1854]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B96E110E0247FFEF26301D45FDC45D0F" bold="true" box="[312,540,1068,1094]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Mounted material</emphasis>
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: quite large,
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<quantity id="4CE260F90247FFEF25BF1D45FC9D5D0F" box="[695,837,1068,1094]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.6 mm</quantity>
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long and
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<quantity id="4CE260F90247FFEF24B41D45FB925D0F" box="[956,1098,1068,1094]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.2 mm</quantity>
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wide, more or less oval but slightly more pointed at anterior end, broadest across anterior abdomen; symmetrical and rather flat. Stigmatic clefts shallow or absent; anal cleft about
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF23721D15FB5C5DDF" box="[1146,1156,1148,1174]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1.0">1</number>
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/
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF23861D15FB445DDF" box="[1166,1180,1148,1174]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="8.0">8</number>
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–
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF23A51D15FB6F5DDF" box="[1197,1207,1148,1174]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1.0">1</number>
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/
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF23C91D15FB085DDF" box="[1217,1232,1148,1174]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="9.0">9</number>
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th total body length.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0247FFEF26301DA5FC045E77" blockId="19.[264,1323,1028,1854]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B96E110E0247FFEF26301DA5FE455DAF" bold="true" box="[312,413,1228,1254]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Dorsum</emphasis>
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: derm lightly sclerotised at maturity. Dorsal setae finely setose,
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF23C11DA5FADB5DAF" box="[1225,1283,1228,1254]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10</number>
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µm long, length at least
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<date id="FFA4EBDC0247FFEF26FC1D9DFDC95C47" box="[500,529,1268,1294]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF26FC1D9DFDDA5C47" box="[500,514,1268,1294]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2.0">2</number>
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x
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</date>
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width of basal socket: fairly evenly but sparsely distributed over all of dorsum. Dorsal pores of
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF255B1C75FDBA5C7F" box="[595,610,1308,1334]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="3.0">3</number>
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<typeStatus id="54A173BE0247FFEF25611C75FD735C7F" box="[617,683,1308,1334]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">types</typeStatus>
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: (i) a small microductule with a moderately long inner ductule possibly without a glandular end: throughout, each in a small areolation, (ii) a small simple pore: probably present throughout but most obvious near margin, and (iii) small preopercular pores in an elongate group of about
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF24C81CFDFBD15CE7" box="[960,1033,1428,1454]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="52.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="45.0">45–60</number>
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anterior to anal plates, extending anteriorly about as far a metathorax: each pore closed, roundly oval, probably flat, in a small areolation. Cribriform plates, dorsal tubercles and pocketlike tubercles absent. Dorsal tubular ducts small, each with outer ductule about
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF234E1F65FBAA5F6F" box="[1094,1138,1548,1574]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8</number>
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µm long, inner ductule
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF266E1F5DFE755F07" box="[358,429,1588,1614]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11–13</number>
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µm long, with a very small glandular end; frequent throughout. Anal plates probably each approximately triangular,
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF25E11F35FC885F3F" box="[745,848,1628,1654]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="172.5" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="160.0">160–185</number>
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µm long and each plate about
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF23B21F35FADB5F3F" box="[1210,1283,1628,1654]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="82.5" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="80.0">80–85</number>
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µm wide; each with
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF26C31FEDFE025FD7" box="[459,474,1668,1694]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="3.0">3</number>
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||
setae close to apex, each about
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF245E1FEDFC785FD7" box="[854,928,1668,1694]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="26.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="20.0">20–33</number>
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µm long, plus a thinner subapical seta ventrally, about
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF26F11FC5FD9A5F8F" box="[505,578,1708,1734]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="19.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="14.0">14–25</number>
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||
µm long. Anogenital fold with
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<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF24BE1FC5FC1D5F8F" box="[950,965,1708,1734]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2.0">2</number>
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||
pairs of long setae along anterior margin, each outer seta strong,
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||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF25AF1FBDFD2A5FA7" box="[679,754,1748,1774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="65.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="60.0">60–70</number>
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||
µm long, each inner seta weaker and shorter; lateral margins each with
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||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF25171F95FDF65E5F" box="[543,558,1788,1814]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
setae; anal ring with
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF24381F95FCE65E5F" box="[816,830,1788,1814]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
long setae, each about
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0247FFEF23501F95FB675E5F" box="[1112,1215,1788,1814]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="187.5" valueMax="190.0" valueMin="185.0">185–190</number>
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µm long. Anal cleft fairly broad, without marginal setae along margins.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF659D940240FFE826001FAAFE8E5FB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.170950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170950/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" targetBox="[301,1287,316,1697]" targetPageId="20">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0240FFE826001FAAFE8E5FB5" blockId="20.[264,1322,1731,1788]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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||
<emphasis id="B96E110E0240FFE826001FAAFE535F92" bold="true" box="[264,395,1731,1755]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
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Adult female of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1AB69F0240FFE825421FAAFBCC5F93" authority="Richards. Labels" authorityName="Richards. Labels" box="[586,1044,1731,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellesmerensis">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1AB69F0240FFE825421FAAFC185F93" authority="Richards." authorityName="Richards." box="[586,960,1731,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellesmerensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B96E110E0240FFE825421FAAFC8B5F93" box="[586,851,1731,1754]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1AB69F0240FFE825421FAAFD645F93" box="[586,700,1731,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pulvinaria</taxonomicName>
|
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ellesmerensis
|
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</emphasis>
|
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Richards.
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</taxonomicName>
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Labels
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</taxonomicName>
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etc as on Fig. 5, except L = claw.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3009E970241FFEA26301872FE2A5B6F" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0241FFE926301872FE6C5B6F" blockId="21.[264,1325,283,1870]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E110E0241FFE926301872FE4E587C" bold="true" box="[312,406,283,309]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Margin</emphasis>
|
||
: marginal setae stoutly setose, sharply pointed, sometimes slightly bent towards apex: sparse: with
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE92543182DFDAF5817" box="[587,631,324,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8</number>
|
||
between eyespots anteriorly;
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924D2182DFC305817" box="[986,1000,324,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9231A182DFBF95817" box="[1042,1057,324,350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
between each eyespot and anterior stigmatic area;
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9256B1805FD5658CF" box="[611,654,364,390]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6</number>
|
||
laterally between stigmatic areas, and
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9237B1805FB6458CF" box="[1139,1212,364,390]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="16.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="14.0">14–19</number>
|
||
between posterior stigmatic area and anal cleft; each
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9240418FDFC9E58E7" box="[780,838,404,430]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="12.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="7.0">7–17</number>
|
||
µm long and with a welldeveloped basal socket. Stigmatic clefts sometimes distinct; each stigmatic area with
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9234418D5FB82589F" box="[1100,1114,444,470]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
stigmatic spines; median spine
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926A6188DFE2058B7" box="[430,504,484,510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="80.0" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="75.0">75–85</number>
|
||
µm long, lateral spines
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9241B188DFC8558B7" box="[787,861,484,510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30</number>
|
||
µm long. Eyespots close to margin on dorsal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0241FFEA26301B5AFE2A5B6F" blockId="21.[264,1325,283,1870]" lastBlockId="22.[264,1325,284,1110]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E110E0241FFE926301B5AFE515B04" bold="true" box="[312,393,563,589]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
: derm membranous. Preanal discpores with usually
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924F41B5DFBC15B07" box="[1020,1049,564,590]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="10.0">10</number>
|
||
outer loculi and a large inner loculus: abundant anterior to vulva but becoming much less frequent on anterior abdominal segments, as follows: segment VII: about
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924761BEDFC725BD7" box="[894,938,644,670]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8</number>
|
||
medially +
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923321BEDFB5B5BD7" box="[1082,1155,644,670]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="36.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="28.0">28–45</number>
|
||
on either side of anal cleft; VI:
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926DB1BC5FE3A5B8F" box="[467,482,684,710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="6.0">6</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925021BC5FDC05B8F" box="[522,536,684,710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="7.0">7</number>
|
||
between pregenital setae +
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924691BC5FC725B8F" box="[865,938,684,710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="31.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="20.0">20–42</number>
|
||
on each side; V:
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9237F1BC5FB5E5B8F" box="[1143,1158,684,710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
between long setae +
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926691BBDFE725BA7" box="[353,426,724,750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="14.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="12.0">12–17</number>
|
||
on each side; IV:
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925751BBDFD1E5BA7" box="[637,710,724,750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15–18</number>
|
||
on each side; III:
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924911BBDFC6D5BA7" box="[921,949,724,750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="11.0">11</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924D41BBDFC215BA7" box="[988,1017,724,750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="12.0">12</number>
|
||
on each side; II:
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923CA1BBDFB095BA7" box="[1218,1233,724,750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923FF1BBDFADE5BA7" box="[1271,1286,724,750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="9.0">9</number>
|
||
on each side; metathorax: with
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925511B95FD5D5A5F" box="[601,645,764,790]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7</number>
|
||
laterad to each coxa; absent elsewhere. Spiracular discpores with usually
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926E01A4DFE2F5A77" box="[488,503,804,830]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
outer loculi: in broad bands between spiracle and margin, with about
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926001A25FE895A2F" box="[264,337,844,870]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="53.5" valueMax="56.0" valueMin="51.0">51–56</number>
|
||
discpores in each anterior band and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE260F90241FFE9241A1A25FCA35A2F" box="[786,891,844,870]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6890999999999998" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="1.3462" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="66.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="53.0">53–80 in</quantity>
|
||
each posterior band, of which up to
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926001A1DFEFD5AC7" box="[264,293,884,910]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="10.0">10</number>
|
||
discpores present mesad to each peritreme; absent elsewhere. Ventral microducts quite large, with a slightly bulbous inner ductule: frequent in a marginal band that broadens on head and prothorax; also infrequent medially on head, thorax and anterior abdominal segments. Preantennal pores: a small pore just anterior to each scape. Ventral tubular ducts of mainly
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9266C1D7DFEAB5D67" box="[356,371,1044,1070]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A173BE0241FFE926751D7DFE675D67" box="[381,447,1044,1070]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) a duct with a broad outer ductule, a thin inner ductule and a minute glandular end (outer ductule
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9256B1D55FDA95D1F" box="[611,625,1084,1110]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
µm, inner ductule
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924471D55FC4D5D1F" box="[847,917,1084,1110]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11–13</number>
|
||
µm long): in a broad submarginal band on thorax and abdomen, but less frequent on head and absent anteriorly between antennae; distinctly more common than (ii) a duct with a fairly short outer ductule, a much longer, narrow inner ductule with a large glandular end (outer ductule
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923701DDDFB6C5D87" box="[1144,1204,1204,1230]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8–12</number>
|
||
µm, inner ductule
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9266D1DB5FE685DBF" box="[357,432,1244,1270]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="18.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="16.0">16–21</number>
|
||
µm), inner ductules slightly longer medially on abdomen: distribution as for (i) but more common submedially and only
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A173BE0241FFE924011C6DFCE35C57" box="[777,827,1284,1310]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of duct present medially on abdomen; and (iii) a duct with a much broader inner ductule and a large glandular end (outer ductule
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923F61C45FEFC5C27" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="14.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="13.0">13– 16</number>
|
||
µm and inner ductule
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925231C3DFDAA5C27" box="[555,626,1364,1390]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16–18</number>
|
||
µm long): present medially and submedially on thorax and head. Ventral setae: small setae infrequent throughout venter; long pregenital setae present on segments VII, VI & V, length about
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925FC1CCDFC855CF7" box="[756,861,1444,1470]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="169.0" valueMax="178.0" valueMin="160.0">160–178</number>
|
||
µm; with
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924DD1CCDFC3C5CF7" box="[981,996,1444,1470]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9231A1CCDFBF95CF7" box="[1042,1057,1444,1470]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
pairs of interantennal setae, longest about
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926F01CA5FD9D5CAF" box="[504,581,1484,1510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="56.0" valueMax="62.0" valueMin="50.0">50–62</number>
|
||
µm; procoxae with
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924211CA5FCE05CAF" box="[809,824,1484,1510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924681CA5FCB75CAF" box="[864,879,1484,1510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
smallish setae, meso and metacoxae each with
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9268F1C9DFE4E5F47" box="[391,406,1524,1550]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926CC1C9DFE0A5F47" box="[452,466,1524,1550]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
small setae; with submarginal setae as follows:
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9232B1C9DFB965F47" box="[1059,1102,1524,1550]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="7.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="5.0">5–9</number>
|
||
between eyespots anteriorly;
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926841F75FE605F7F" box="[396,440,1564,1590]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="5.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.0">3–7</number>
|
||
between each eyespot and anterior stigmatic area;
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9232F1F75FB8C5F7F" box="[1063,1108,1564,1590]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6–9</number>
|
||
laterally between stigmatic areas, and
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926F41F2DFD9D5F17" box="[508,581,1604,1630]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="20.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="17.0">17–24</number>
|
||
between posterior stigmatic area and anal cleft; each
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923C01F2DFADB5F17" box="[1224,1283,1604,1630]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">7–12</number>
|
||
µm long. Antennae
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926C01F05FE0F5FCF" box="[456,471,1644,1670]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
segmented, each about
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925E71F05FC8E5FCF" box="[751,854,1644,1670]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="382.5" valueMax="410.0" valueMin="355.0">355–410</number>
|
||
µm long; setae: scape:
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923691F05FBA95FCF" box="[1121,1137,1644,1670]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
, pedicel:
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923E91F05FB375FCF" box="[1249,1263,1644,1670]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
long and
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926311FFDFE9F5FE7" box="[313,327,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
shorter, segment
|
||
<date id="FFA4EBDC0241FFE9251F1FFDFD925FE7" box="[535,586,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
III
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925331FFDFD925FE7" box="[571,586,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, IV 0 or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925BB1FFDFD1A5FE7" box="[691,706,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA4EBDC0241FFE925D91FFDFD245FE7" box="[721,764,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
V
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925E51FFDFD245FE7" box="[749,764,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9242A1FFDFCE95FE7" box="[802,817,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
(
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9244C1FFDFC895FE7" box="[836,849,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9247F1FFDFC5E5FE7" box="[887,902,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
long),
|
||
<date id="FFA4EBDC0241FFE924D11FFDFBD55FE7" box="[985,1037,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
VI
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924F71FFDFBD55FE7" box="[1023,1037,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
fleshy seta,
|
||
<date id="FFA4EBDC0241FFE923971FFDFB065FE7" box="[1183,1246,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
VII
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923C71FFDFB065FE7" box="[1231,1246,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
fleshy setae +
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9266E1FD5FEAD5F9F" box="[358,373,1724,1750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
hairlike seta, and
|
||
<date id="FFA4EBDC0241FFE925541FD5FD7F5F9F" box="[604,679,1724,1750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
VIII
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925901FD5FD7F5F9F" box="[664,679,1724,1750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
fleshy setae,
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924441FD5FC835F9F" box="[844,859,1724,1750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
stiff setae and
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9231C1FD5FBFB5F9F" box="[1044,1059,1724,1750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
hairlike setae; apical seta
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE926371F8DFE515FB7" box="[319,393,1764,1790]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="54.0" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="50.0">50–58</number>
|
||
µm long and long setose seta on segment VIII
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924B31F8DFC305FB7" box="[955,1000,1764,1790]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="115.0">115</number>
|
||
µm. Mouthparts normally developed; clypeolabral shield about
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925CB1E65FCF25E6F" box="[707,810,1804,1830]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="172.5" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="165.0">165–180</number>
|
||
µm long; labium with
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE9233E1E65FB9D5E6F" box="[1078,1093,1804,1830]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE923671E65FBA65E6F" box="[1135,1150,1804,1830]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
pairs of setae. Spiracles: width of peritremes: anterior
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE925E11E5DFCEC5E07" box="[745,820,1844,1870]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="74.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="68.0">68–80</number>
|
||
µm, posterior
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0241FFE924D51E5DFBF15E07" box="[989,1065,1844,1870]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="84.0" valueMax="88.0" valueMin="80.0">80–88</number>
|
||
µm. Legs well developed, with a strong tibiotarsal articulatory sclerosis: measurements (µm) (iii): coxae
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA2600182DFEAA5817" box="[264,370,324,350]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="173.5" valueMax="182.0" valueMin="165.0">165–182</number>
|
||
; trochanter + femur
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA257A182DFD045817" box="[626,732,324,350]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="227.5" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="205.0">205–250</number>
|
||
; tibia
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA2424182DFC4E5817" box="[812,918,324,350]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="157.5" valueMax="175.0" valueMin="140.0">140–175</number>
|
||
; tarsus
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA24FE182DFB895817" box="[1014,1105,324,350]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="97.5" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="90.0">90–105</number>
|
||
, and claw
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA23D1182DFAFF5817" box="[1241,1319,324,350]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="29.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="28.0">28–30</number>
|
||
; setae: coxa
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA26991805FE7858CF" box="[401,416,364,390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
(longest about
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA255D1805FDAC58CF" box="[597,628,364,390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="75.0">75</number>
|
||
µm); trochanter
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA24391805FC9858CF" box="[817,832,364,390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
(longest
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA24A51805FBC058CF" box="[941,1048,364,390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="140.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="130.0">130–150</number>
|
||
µm); femur
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA23AA1805FB6958CF" box="[1186,1201,364,390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA23D01805FB3158CF" box="[1240,1257,364,390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
; tibia
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA260018FDFECE58E7" box="[264,278,404,430]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="6.0">6</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA263618FDFE9558E7" box="[318,333,404,430]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="7.0">7</number>
|
||
and tarsus
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA26DB18FDFE3958E7" box="[467,481,404,430]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
or
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA250218FDFDC358E7" box="[522,539,404,430]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
; tarsal campaniform pore absent; tarsal digitules alike, longer than length of claw; claw broad, usually with a fairly distinct denticle; claw digitules slightly dissimilar, one marginally narrower with a smaller apex. Vulva opening between segments VII and VIII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3009E970242FFEA26301B5DFCDA5B3F" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0242FFEA26301B5DFCDA5B3F" blockId="22.[264,1325,284,1110]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E110E0242FFEA26301B5DFDD15B04" box="[312,521,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Material studied</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E110E0242FFEA25331B5AFD3E5B04" bold="true" box="[571,742,563,589]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A173BE0242FFEA25331B5AFD3E5B04" box="[571,742,563,589]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Ψ:
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E110E0242FFEA24271B5AFC765B04" bold="true" box="[815,942,563,589]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30D8D8C0242FFEA24271B5AFC765B04" box="[815,942,563,589]" name="Canada" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">CANADA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Ellesmere Is, Lake Hazen,
|
||
<date id="FFA4EBDC0242FFEA26001B35FE525B3F" box="[264,394,604,630]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1962-08-09">
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA26001B35FECF5B3F" box="[264,279,604,630]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="9.0">9</number>
|
||
.viii.
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA26421B35FE525B3F" box="[330,394,604,630]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1962.0">1962</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, J.A. Downes (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0B55D90242FFEA25341B35FDA75B3F" box="[572,639,604,630]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">CNC</collectionCode>
|
||
):
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA259B1B32FD465B3C" box="[659,670,603,629]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
/
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA25AF1B32FD6A5B3C" box="[679,690,603,629]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
adΨΨ.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3009E970242FFEA26301BEDFC715D1F" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0242FFEA26301BEDFD375AFF" blockId="22.[264,1325,284,1110]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96E110E0242FFEA26301BEDFE705BD4" box="[312,424,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Comment</emphasis>
|
||
. The description of the adult female from Ellesmere Island by Richard’s (
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA26181BC5FE955B8F" box="[272,333,684,710]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1964.0">1964</number>
|
||
) is rather brief, with few details, and the illustration, whilst essentially accurate, does not give much information. The above description agrees well with that of Richards' (
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA26181B95FE955A5F" box="[272,333,764,790]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1964.0">1964</number>
|
||
) except (Richards details in brackets): (i) pregenital discpores with mainly
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA23CC1B95FB395A5F" box="[1220,1249,764,790]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="10.0">10</number>
|
||
loculi (
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA26191A4DFEE95A77" box="[273,305,804,830]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="12.0">12</number>
|
||
, although he illustrates
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA25591A4DFDAA5A77" box="[593,626,804,830]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="10.0">10</number>
|
||
); (ii) all the antennae appeared to be
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA23301A4DFB9F5A77" box="[1080,1095,804,830]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
segmented (
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA23E91A4DFB285A77" box="[1249,1264,804,830]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="7.0">7</number>
|
||
segmented); (iii) only
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA26E11A25FDCD5A2F" box="[489,533,844,870]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6</number>
|
||
marginal setae between stigmatic clefts ("up to
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA23581A25FBB75A2F" box="[1104,1135,844,870]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="15.0">15</number>
|
||
" but Richards was probably including the submarginal setae), and (iv) anal ring with
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA235B1A1DFBBA5AC7" box="[1107,1122,884,910]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
setae although
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA22141A1DFAF35AC7" box="[1308,1323,884,910]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
were much finer than the others (
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA25841AF5FD435AFF" box="[652,667,924,950]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="6.0">6</number>
|
||
setae).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5CD1C0242FFEA26301AADFC715D1F" blockId="22.[264,1325,284,1110]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
All the material described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8BB0ED0242FFEA25B81AADFCAB5A97" author="Richards" box="[688,883,964,990]" pageId="22" pageNumber="24" refString="Richards, W. R. (1964) The scale insects of the Canadian Arctic (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Canadian Entomologist, 96, 1457 - 1462." type="journal article" year="1964">
|
||
Richards (
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA24261AADFCB35A97" box="[814,875,964,990]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1964.0">1964</number>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
consisted of female stages, and he hypothesized that, because all stages were collected towards the end of the growing season, all stages must overwinter and, as the growing season is short, he suggested that this species might require
|
||
<number id="3DD2DF3B0242FFEA25021D55FDC05D1F" box="[522,536,1084,1110]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
seasons to complete its life cycle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |