221 lines
20 KiB
XML
221 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.23.1659" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182248501" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-23-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1A48AB51FFB0FFCCFFC5661FFFE72A23" ID-Zenodo-Dep="574760" ID-ZooBank="966DC44F0F0747008BFA2018FAFBA2BC" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E14B66D7-6719-4403-B706-9EA023D974BA" ModsDocID="1314-2607-23-23" checkinTime="1621552474725" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Quicke, Donald L. J. & Butcher, Buntika Areekul" docDate="2011" docId="B064FA23D8D3E2EAEDFB58FC665B2C78" docLanguage="en" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 23" docPubDate="2011-10-21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.23.1659" docTitle="Confusocentrus Quicke & Butcher 2011, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="E14B66D7-6719-4403-B706-9EA023D974BA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="1A48AB51FFB0FFCCFFC5661FFFE72A23" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="1A48AB51FFB0FFCCFFC5661FFFE72A23" masterDocTitle="Two new genera of Rogadinae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1643552812491" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Two new genera of Rogadinae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Thailand</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Quicke, Donald L. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berks SL 5 7 PY, UK & Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Butcher, Buntika Areekul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, BKK 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2011-10-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>23</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:end>34</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.23.1659</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.23.1659</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-23-23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">966DC44F0F0747008BFA2018FAFBA2BC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1A48AB51FFB0FFCCFFC5661FFFE72A23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">574760</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182248501" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E14B66D7-6719-4403-B706-9EA023D974BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B064FA23D8D3E2EAEDFB58FC665B2C78" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E14B66D7-6719-4403-B706-9EA023D974BA" authority="Quicke & Butcher, 2011" authorityName="Quicke & Butcher" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Confusocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Confusocentrus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">Confusocentrus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="24">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Confusocentrus panturat gen. n., sp. n., holotype, CellD ® light micrographs. A Top of head B head, front view C thorax, dorsal view D mesosoma, lateral view E posterior mesosoma, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11314" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Confusocentrus panturat gen. n., sp. n., holotype, CellD ® light micrographs A Wings B metasomal tergites 2 and 3, dorsal view C propodeum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11315" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Quicke & Butcher" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Confusocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panturat">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Confusocentrus panturat</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. by monotypy
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="morphology">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Head</emphasis>
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. Median flagellomeres longer than wide. Annelus without distinct circular oblique carina. Face and clypeus with no externally visible separation, both smooth and shiny. Hypoclypeal depression not strongly arched. Malar suture absent. Mandibles twisted so that only upper tooth visible in frontal view. Eyes moderately emarginated opposite antennal sockets. Head strongly narrowed behind eyes. Occipital carina complete and strong.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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. Largely shiny. Pronotum moderately produced into a shelf, anterior margin strongly upcurved; antero-dorsally with a well-developed, posteriorly directed,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘V’">'V'</normalizedToken>
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-shaped carina. Notauli deep and crenulated. Mesoscutum with a deep longitudinal medial depression posteriorly between notauli. Prepectal carina strongly developed.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="25" start="start">Precoxal</pageBreakToken>
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suture deep, sigmoidal, crenulated. Propodeum with midlongitudinal carina on anterior third, otherwise with confused rugose sculpture.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Fore wing.</emphasis>
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Vein M+CU distinctly angled medially and thickened beyond angulation. Vein 1-CU1 and its junction with cu-a strongly thickened. Subbasal cell with a
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="26" start="start">narrow</pageBreakToken>
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line of reduced setosity paralleling and close to distal segment of M+CU. Vein 1-SR almost absent. Vein r arising slightly beyond middle of pterostigma.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Hind wing</emphasis>
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. Veins M+CU and 1-M approximately the same length. Vein 2-SC+R longitudinal. Vein m-cu present, pigmented and reclivous. Vein SR indicated by a pigmented fold.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Legs</emphasis>
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. Claws simple. Apex of hind tibia with a well-developed comb of specialised adpressed setae both medially and ventrally between spurs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Metasoma</emphasis>
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. Tergites 1 to 3 forming a narrow, heavily sculptured carapace, subsequent tergites weakly sclerotised and concealed. First metasomal tergite elongate, subbasally narrowed; dorsal carinae uniting to form complete midlongitudinal carina. 2nd tergite with a small midbasal triangular area produced into a midlongitudinal carina that extends beyond middle of tergite. Ovipositor strongly exserted,
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11314" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Quicke & Butcher" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Confusocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panturat">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Confusocentrus panturat</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. n., sp. n., holotype, CellD® light micrographs.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">A</emphasis>
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Top of head
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">B</emphasis>
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head, front view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">C</emphasis>
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thorax, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">D</emphasis>
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mesosoma, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">E</emphasis>
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posterior mesosoma, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11315" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Quicke & Butcher" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Confusocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panturat">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Confusocentrus panturat</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. n., sp. n., holotype, CellD® light micrographs
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">A</emphasis>
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Wings
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">B</emphasis>
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metasomal tergites 2 and 3, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">C</emphasis>
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propodeum.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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Name in reference to the difficulty of the systematic placement of the new genus and an allusion to the great oriental philosopher Confucius and punned with
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">confusio</emphasis>
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[Latin for
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“confusion”">"confusion"</normalizedToken>
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], in combination with part of the name of the apparently related genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Clinocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Clinocentrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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In the key to genera of Chinese
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1862" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rogadinae">Rogadinae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Chen, X" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 187" refId="B5" refString="Chen, X, He, J, 1997. Revision of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China. Zoologische Verhandelingen 308: 1 - 187" title="Revision of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China." volume="308" year="1997">Chen and He 1997</bibRefCitation>
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), the only available key to taxa from the region,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Quicke & Butcher" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Confusocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Confusocentrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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will falter at couplet 2, because while it has hind wing vein cu-a and a long ovipositor, it does not have an areolate propodeum and the third tergite is strongly foveolate with no transverse sculpture, and has a well-developed lateral crease.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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Placement of this genus within the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1862" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rogadinae">Rogadinae</taxonomicName>
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is indicated by the midlongitudinal carina on the 1st and 2nd metasomal tergites (apomorphic). An affinity with the tribe
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<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="1991" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" rank="tribe" tribe="Clinocentrini">Clinocentrini</taxonomicName>
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is tentative as, with the exception of the absence of a malar suture, the uniting characters are all likely to be symplesiomorphies, such as the relatively long ovipositor.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Quicke & Butcher" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Confusocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Confusocentrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lacks the transverse curved sculpture on the 3rd metasomal tergite that characterises many
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Clinocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Clinocentrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Haliday and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Tebennotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Tebennotoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Enderlein, though this feature is not present in all species (
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<bibRefCitation author="Belokobylskij, SA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" pagination="803 - 836" publicationUrl="doi: 10.1080/00222939500770261" refId="B2" refString="Belokobylskij, SA, 1995. Revision of the Palaearctic species of the genus Clinocentrus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Journal of Natural History 29: 803 - 836, doi: 10.1080/00222939500770261" title="Revision of the Palaearctic species of the genus Clinocentrus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)." url="doi: 10.1080/00222939500770261" volume="29" year="1995">Belokobylskij 1995</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Belokobylskij, SA" editor="Ler, PA" journalOrPublisher="Vol. IV. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Pt 4.] Opredelitel nasekomykh Dalnego Vostoka Rossii. T. IV. Setchatokryloobraznye, skorpionnitsy, pereponchatokrylye. Ch. 4. Dalnauka, Vladivostok" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" pagination="15 - 109" refId="B4" refString="Belokobylskij, SA, 2000. Rogadinae. In: Ler, PA, Ed., [Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Vol. IV. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Pt 4.] Opredelitel nasekomykh Dalnego Vostoka Rossii. T. IV. Setchatokryloobraznye, skorpionnitsy, pereponchatokrylye. Ch. 4. Dalnauka, Vladivostok: 15 - 109" title="Rogadinae" volumeTitle="[Key to the insects of Russian Far East." year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
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); has fore wing vein CU1b present unlike
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Tebennotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Tebennotoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; has the dorsal carinae of tergite 1 uniting to form a midlongitudinal carina unlike
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<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Artocella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Artocella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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van Achterberg. The clinocentrine genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Belokobylskij" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Kerevata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Kerevata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Belokobylskij, SA" journalOrPublisher="Zoosystematica Rossica" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" pagination="155 - 169" refId="B3" refString="Belokobylskij, SA, 1999. New genera of the subfamilies Rhyssalinae, Exothecinae and Gnamptodontinae from the Old World (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 8: 155 - 169" title="New genera of the subfamilies Rhyssalinae, Exothecinae and Gnamptodontinae from the Old World (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="8" year="1999">Belokobylskij (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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from New Britain, also has the three basal metasomal tergites rather enlarged (but not forming a carapace to the same extent) and has the distal part of the fore wing subbasal cell modified with thickened veins but in this case the distal part of M+CU is curved, and vein cu-a is strongly thickened and curved, these together forming an oval expansion of the subbasal cell.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Belokobylskij" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Kerevata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Kerevata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also differs from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Quicke & Butcher" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Confusocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Confusocentrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. n. in having the hind wing vein 2-SC+R transverse, tergites 1-3 longitdinally striate and the annellus with an oblique, circular distal carina. All these other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="1991" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" rank="tribe" tribe="Clinocentrini">Clinocentrini</taxonomicName>
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have the clypeus well separated from the face.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
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Preliminary molecular analyses indicate a relationship with the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="van Achterberg" authorityYear="1991" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" rank="tribe" tribe="Clinocentrini">Clinocentrini</taxonomicName>
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, but within this group these is little support for most relationships, and with the currently
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="27" start="start">available</pageBreakToken>
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sequences,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Hexapoda" family="Braconidae" genus="Clinocentrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Clinocentrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as currently recognised, does not itself appear to be monophyletic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |