224 lines
26 KiB
XML
224 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="858F68805D5F2F08863E4D1BFE83A090" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4947280" ID-ZooBank="8F80DD5E-F5FC-40DF-BCE5-C404FA7A6577" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623693540977" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rasmussen, Arne Redsted, Sanders, Kate Laura, Guinea, Michael L. & Amey, Andrew P." docDate="2014" docId="038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03869p371.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3869 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hydrophis atriceps Gunther 1864" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="353" masterDocId="FFB6FFB8FFA4FFCAFFDFFFB5FFCFFFAB" masterDocTitle="Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae) - a review with an updated identification key" masterLastPageNumber="371" masterPageNumber="351" pageNumber="353" updateTime="1698965161622" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="1280C3E563A9486BFD0F4CB10D4A9748" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5CA003D40EDD9035779ED13893736916">
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<mods:title id="002865FBD09ADEB37A35EBC3ECA10BED">Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae) - a review with an updated identification key</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="7962AA8EB52BC5E982D008B43BACAD13" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C8AD5304B735C4BD5C3C82D16BF435A0">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7EE57377E9A3221E473482E420592AE9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2A3EAEED980977242825C62D57AB110F">Rasmussen, Arne Redsted</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="52DAFD0CA6B1FF8E5398106A0B764A29">The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts Schools of Architecture, Design and Conservation. Esplanaden 34 DK- 1264, Copenhagen K, Denmark. E-mail: arr @ kadk. dk</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="15A365FD8D16A01F26544031F36988B2" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F337F7793E8332B951AD36E3E4E35030">
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<mods:roleTerm id="97E2D44A36081043A7AC077DFB41AB4B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="390D65BDA41200A93DF229F9D30832C0">Sanders, Kate Laura</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A38664C76D48B18EF18CC31CA709BCE5">School of Earth and Environmental Science. University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3D91A6E8437E947DB1136AD50C0D91AC" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="0EAA58FBA2E28DB075CF3D8A5CB8CB5D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="565E9889E6B82CB97FBE6EFBA4A2A078">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5AAF2A58FA3D40A13BB3079CFEDDAF68">Guinea, Michael L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DDE16335638B795735E8EF85E9640909">School of Environmental. Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territories 0909, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1AA6364087A570719EC0EC57042BA322" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="3D04C23B0FEDE39F328CC1C60FCE1054">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0D75A5A04AB22360C8993699C513D721">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EB0AD77639ADB8C068D55A4D4BC08610">Amey, Andrew P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="40A8C139C2790D3F8AC909B8AC78AF09">Queensland Museum. PO Box 3300, South Brisbane BC. Queensland 4101, Australia. E-mail: andrew. amey @ qm. qld. gov. au</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5897DC441E73702E0BC75B50969D4870">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="FAF740A7210E86C9A951CF79B4FB64DB">
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<mods:title id="1D9379651FFA53DE8836F1F3F8356084">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="EC94097D3921A7BD79DDF21447E41EB0">
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<mods:date id="82F4C20D24C46DFF397181CAF3E53F21">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F2A14022C998A769923F55602BB0E97E">2014-10-02</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="1FEF7BE8CE7EBABB9E6BF9EEFE708073" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FC748C13B011C46E2ACDD65A1AD9EC57">3869</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="8112EFD9C494CF7F85DB622FB3F001DD" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="1EAF7936E8E947ABD4F09F0F6BE3A8C8">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="71B6BE94E8F63E472190735F4AD1A186">351</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="FC8191A82EBA1EFEBCDE8E784801CB98">371</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="120065BC9A593696F94A0D9CE0DB068F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7EE3B68D6E82CBFE5ECE3019D1D33F63" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7049EF8639572BE53FAFE66892124182" type="Zenodo-Dep">4947280</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5119720" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5119720" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
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<subSubSection id="C33C655DFFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFDE9FED8" box="[151,550,346,371]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9936D6FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFDE9FED8" blockId="2.[151,1437,346,1235]" box="[151,550,346,371]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFDEDFED8" authority="Gunther, 1864" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,546,346,371]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atriceps">
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<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEBCFED8" bold="true" box="[151,371,346,371]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Hydrophis atriceps</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FEA3FEEFFDEDFED8" author="Gunther, A. C. L. G." box="[380,546,346,371]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" refId="ref12513" refString="Gunther, A. C. L. G. (1864) The reptiles of British India. Ray Society, London, 452 pp." type="book" year="1864">Günther, 1864</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C655DFFA6FFC8FDF1FEEFFEE9FB78" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9936D6FFA6FFC8FDF1FEEFFCA2FC7C" blockId="2.[151,1437,346,1235]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FDF1FEEFFCBDFED9" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[558,882,346,371]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="fasciatus" subSpecies="atriceps">
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<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FDF1FEEFFCBDFED9" box="[558,882,346,371]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Hydrophis fasciatus atriceps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was mentioned by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FB8CFEEFFB26FED8" author="Smith, M. A." box="[1107,1257,346,371]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" refId="ref15089" refString="Smith, M. A. (1926) Monograph of the sea-snakes (Hydrophiidae). Printed by order of the Trustees of the British museum (Natural History) London, 130 pp." type="book" year="1926">Smith (1926)</bibRefCitation>
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as occurring in Australian waters based on
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<specimenCount id="9D20FD5FFFA6FFC8FE0AFECAFDBFFE3C" box="[469,624,382,407]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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from the Australian Museum (AMR6715) and
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<specimenCount id="9D20FD5FFFA6FFC8FB4CFECAFAF4FE3C" box="[1171,1339,382,407]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
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close to Australian waters (
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FEA7FE17FE38FE10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FEA7FE17FE38FE10" box="[376,503,418,443]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="Aru Island" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Aru Island</location>
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and Kaiser Wilhelmsland, New Guinea).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FC29FE17FB6FFE10" author="Cogger, H. G." box="[1014,1184,418,443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" pagination="59 - 139" refId="ref11689" refString="Cogger, H. G. (1975) Sea Snakes of Australia and New Guinea. In: Dunson, W. A. (Ed.), The Biology of Sea Snakes. University Park Press, Baltimore London & Tokyo, pp. 59 - 139." type="book chapter" year="1975">Cogger (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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mentioned the same specimen as Smith, but had doubts about the locality and suggested the specimen was collected in Asian waters. Cogger also mentioned another juvenile specimen collected from Darwin (AMR14022) that he regarded as a
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FA5EFE5EFD8BFD8C" authority="fasciatus (Schneider, 1799)" authorityName="fasciatus (Schneider" authorityYear="1799" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1799" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="fasciatus" subSpecies="fasciatus">
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<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FA5EFE5EFEA5FD8C" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">H. fasciatus fasciatus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FEA2FDBBFDF3FD8C" author="Schneider, J. G." box="[381,572,526,551]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" refId="ref14939" refString="Schneider, J. G. (1799) Historiae amphibiorum naturalis et literariae. Fasciculus primus continens ranas, calamitas, bufones, salamandras et hydros in genera et species descriptos notisque suis distinctos. Vol. 1. Ienae, Frommann, 264 pp." type="book" year="1799">Schneider, 1799</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FD8BFDBAFDB6FD8D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FD8BFDBAFDB6FD8D" box="[596,633,527,550]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="We" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">We</location>
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have examined the same specimen and agree with
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FB3FFDBBFA53FD8C" author="Cogger, H. G." box="[1248,1436,526,551]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" pagination="59 - 139" refId="ref11689" refString="Cogger, H. G. (1975) Sea Snakes of Australia and New Guinea. In: Dunson, W. A. (Ed.), The Biology of Sea Snakes. University Park Press, Baltimore London & Tokyo, pp. 59 - 139." type="book chapter" year="1975">Cogger’s (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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identification using
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FEA8FD87FDD1FDE0" author="Smith, M. A." box="[375,542,562,587]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" refId="ref15089" refString="Smith, M. A. (1926) Monograph of the sea-snakes (Hydrophiidae). Printed by order of the Trustees of the British museum (Natural History) London, 130 pp." type="book" year="1926">Smith’s (1926)</bibRefCitation>
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characters to separate the two subspecies.
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FC21FD87FBE5FDE0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FC21FD87FBE5FDE0" box="[1022,1066,562,587]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="The" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">The</location>
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identification and distribution of the two taxa remains based on
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FE28FDE3FD81FDC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FE28FDE3FD81FDC4" box="[503,590,598,623]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="Smith's" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Smith´s</location>
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monograph from 1926, where he separated them at a subspecies level and mentioned the typical form occurs to west of the
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FD61FDCFFCB6FD38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FD61FDCFFCB6FD38" box="[702,889,634,659]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="Malay Peninsula" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Malay Peninsula</location>
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and the other form is found east of it throughout the
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FF1DFD2BFE52FD1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FF1DFD2BFE52FD1C" box="[194,413,670,695]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="Malay Archipelago" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Malay Archipelago</location>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="F3317646FFA6FFC8FE19FD2BFDFFFD1C" box="[454,560,670,695]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FDE3FD2BFDB0FD1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FDE3FD2BFDB0FD1C" box="[572,639,670,695]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="Smith" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Smith</location>
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also indicated the dividing line is in the region of
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<collectingCountry id="F3317646FFA6FFC8FB14FD2BFA8FFD1C" box="[1227,1344,670,695]" name="Singapore" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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, despite including a specimen from
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<collectingCountry id="F3317646FFA6FFC8FE0AFD77FDD7FD70" box="[469,536,706,731]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">China</collectingCountry>
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in the western subspecies and
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<specimenCount id="9D20FD5FFFA6FFC8FC5DFD76FBE3FD70" box="[898,1068,706,731]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F3317646FFA6FFC8FBAAFD77FB60FD70" box="[1141,1199,706,731]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">India</collectingCountry>
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and
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FB34FD76FA9FFD70" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FB34FD76FA9FFD70" box="[1259,1360,707,731]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="Rangoon" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Rangoon</location>
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in the eastern form.
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FEE6FD53FEAAFD54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FEE6FD53FEAAFD54" box="[313,357,742,767]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="The" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">The</location>
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specimen from
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<collectingCountry id="F3317646FFA6FFC8FDFBFD53FDA8FD54" box="[548,615,742,767]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">China</collectingCountry>
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included by
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<location id="8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FCDCFD53FC89FD54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87C0FFA6FFC8FF48FEEFFEE9FB78:8EF9600DFFA6FFC8FCDCFD53FC89FD54" box="[771,838,742,767]" country="Australia" county="All" municipality="northern Australian" name="Smith" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Smith</location>
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in the western form (
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<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FB96FD52FB24FD54" box="[1097,1259,742,767]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
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H. f.
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FB57FD53FB24FD54" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1799" box="[1160,1259,742,767]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">fasciatus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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) is the
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<typeStatus id="549D8874FFA6FFC8FA95FD52FAB5FD54" box="[1354,1402,743,767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">type</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FF48FCBFFDCCFC88" authority="(Gray, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[151,515,778,803]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lindsayi">
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<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FF48FCBFFEA4FC88" box="[151,363,778,803]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">Hydrophis lindsayi</emphasis>
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(Gray, 1831)
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</taxonomicName>
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, which antedates the name
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<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FCEAFCBEFC09FC89" box="[821,966,778,803]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
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H. f.
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FCB3FCBEFC09FC89" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[876,966,779,802]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atriceps">atriceps</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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by 22 years, indicating that if the taxa are separated into two geographically distinct forms and this specimen was incorrectly assigned by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FB17FC9BFA92FCEC" author="Smith, M. A." box="[1224,1373,814,839]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" refId="ref15089" refString="Smith, M. A. (1926) Monograph of the sea-snakes (Hydrophiidae). Printed by order of the Trustees of the British museum (Natural History) London, 130 pp." type="book" year="1926">Smith (1926)</bibRefCitation>
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to
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<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FA5EFC9AFEDEFCC0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
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H. f.
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FF72FCE7FEDEFCC0" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1799" box="[173,273,850,875]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">fasciatus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, the right name for the eastern population would be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FCBCFCE6FB85FCC0" box="[867,1098,850,875]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="fasciatus" subSpecies="lindsayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FCBCFCE6FB85FCC0" box="[867,1098,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">H. fasciatus lindsayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and not
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FB73FCE6FA53FCC1" box="[1196,1436,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FB73FCE6FA56FCC1" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[1196,1433,850,875]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="fasciatus" subSpecies="atriceps">H. fasciatus atriceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FF3FFCC3FE09FC24" author="Cogger, H. G. & Cameron, E. E. & Cogger, H. M." box="[224,454,886,911]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" pagination="241 - 256" refId="ref11856" refString="Cogger, H. G., Cameron, E. E. & Cogger, H. M. (1983) Hydrophiidae. In: Zoological catalogue of Australia. Amphibia and Reptilia. Government Publishing Service, Canberra: Australian, pp. 241 - 256." type="book chapter" year="1983">
|
||
Cogger
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FEE4FCC2FEBBFC24" box="[315,372,886,911]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1983)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
raised the two taxa to species level, referring the Australian specimens to
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FAC8FCC2FA53FC25" box="[1303,1436,887,910]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FAC8FCC2FA56FC25" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[1303,1433,887,910]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atriceps">H. atriceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FF48FC2FFEE5FC18" author="Ward, T. M." box="[151,298,922,947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" pagination="631 - 635" refId="ref15395" refString="Ward, T. M. (1996) Sea snake by-catch of prawn trawlers on the northern Australian continental shelf. Marine and Freshwater Research, 47, 631 - 635. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / mf 9960631" type="journal article" year="1996">Ward (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assigned
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20FD5FFFA6FFC8FE7AFC2FFD9CFC18" box="[421,595,922,947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" type="generic">five specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FD5CFC2EFCC9FC19" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[643,774,923,946]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atriceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FD5CFC2EFCC9FC19" box="[643,774,923,946]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">H. atriceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFDACACFFA6FFC8FC59FC2FFBA7FC18" box="[902,1128,922,947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">northern Australian</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
continental shelf.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F84E5AFFA6FFC8FA96FC2FFAA2FC18" box="[1353,1389,922,947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">All</collectingCounty>
|
||
the specimens were collected by prawn trawling ships (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FD07FC0BFCAFFC7C" author="Ward, T. M." box="[728,864,958,983]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" pagination="631 - 635" refId="ref15395" refString="Ward, T. M. (1996) Sea snake by-catch of prawn trawlers on the northern Australian continental shelf. Marine and Freshwater Research, 47, 631 - 635. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / mf 9960631" type="journal article" year="1996">Ward, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D6FFA6FFC8FF18FC56FEE9FB78" blockId="2.[151,1437,346,1235]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
|
||
It seems likely the characters used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FDB2FC57FCCEFC50" author="Smith, M. A." box="[621,769,994,1019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" refId="ref15089" refString="Smith, M. A. (1926) Monograph of the sea-snakes (Hydrophiidae). Printed by order of the Trustees of the British museum (Natural History) London, 130 pp." type="book" year="1926">Smith (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and all subsequent taxonomists to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FB37FC56FAA3FC50" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1799" box="[1256,1388,994,1019]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FB37FC56FAA3FC50" box="[1256,1388,994,1019]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">H. fasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FF48FBB2FED9FBB5" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,278,1031,1054]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atriceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FF48FBB2FED9FBB5" box="[151,278,1031,1054]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">H. atriceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-scale rows around the neck and body together with ventrals -are not useful to assign correctly all specimens to species level in this complex. Whether the name for an Australian population of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FACCFB9EFA53FBE8" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1799" box="[1299,1436,1066,1091]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FACCFB9EFA53FBE8" box="[1299,1436,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">H. fasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex proves to be
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FE4BFBFAFDAEFBCC" box="[404,609,1102,1127]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FE4BFBFAFE3EFBCD" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[404,497,1103,1126]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atriceps">atriceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FE22FBFBFDAEFBCC" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1799" box="[509,609,1102,1127]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">fasciatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FD56FBFBFD2DFBCC" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[649,738,1102,1127]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lindsayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FD56FBFBFD2DFBCC" box="[649,738,1102,1127]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">lindsayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we regard the species to be in Australian waters based on at least
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20FD5FFFA6FFC8FF0BFBC6FEA0FB20" box="[212,367,1138,1163]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
from the region of Darwin (AMR14022) and the specimens mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B27FFA6FFC8FB08FBC7FAA5FB20" author="Ward, T. M." box="[1239,1386,1138,1163]" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" pagination="631 - 635" refId="ref15395" refString="Ward, T. M. (1996) Sea snake by-catch of prawn trawlers on the northern Australian continental shelf. Marine and Freshwater Research, 47, 631 - 635. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / mf 9960631" type="journal article" year="1996">Ward (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. We suggest using the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D55FFA6FFC8FE1AFB22FD85FB05" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[453,586,1175,1198]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="353" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atriceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EAC4FFA6FFC8FE1AFB22FD85FB05" box="[453,586,1175,1198]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="353">H. atriceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the Australian population of this species until further taxonomic clarification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |