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<document id="0B47A01E2CA1C7DE72E15070D328878D" ID-CLB-Dataset="20418" ID-DOI="10.11646/megataxa.7.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bd1f1932-a0fa-4daf-af9f-cc52c932ed40" ID-ISSN="2703-3090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5964441" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1643698274876" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Iverson, John B." docDate="2022" docId="038F8788FFA0FFC9D973FCFDFEF924EC" docLanguage="en" docName="44551-Article.Text-47635-51294-10-20220125.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Megataxa 7 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:50B6B96D96A55C21793B52C23E95B310.5:Megataxa.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="50B6B96D96A55C21793B52C23E95B310" docStyleName="Megataxa.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Psammobates geometricus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="FFB6FFF0FF96FFFEDA59FB57FF95276A" masterDocTitle="A review of Chelonian type specimens (order Testudines)" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1732571001862" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8561AD1A48426BBDA08D1A848677F2AC">A review of Chelonian type specimens (order Testudines)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E2502588E6855699E4A35E9FC05AEAB8">Iverson, John B.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038F8788FFA0FFC9D973FCFDFEF924EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6328722" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193856398" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6328722" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F8788FFA0FFC9D973FCFDFEF924EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F8788FFA0FFC9D973FCFDFEF924EC" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" scope_class="Testudines" scope_family="Testudinidae" scope_subOrder="Cryptodira">
<subSubSection id="C33C6515FFA0FFC8D973FCFDFAC320AE" box="[810,1366,1962,1989]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B99369EFFA0FFC8D973FCFDFAC320AE" blockId="54.[810,1452,1962,2085]" box="[810,1366,1962,1989]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="D0D181F2FFA0FFC8D973FCFDFAC320AE" box="[810,1366,1962,1989]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="2">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3611B0FFA0FFC8D973FCFDFAC320AE" box="[810,1366,1962,1989]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<treatmentCitation id="0A87108FFFA0FFC8D973FCFDFAC320AE" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[810,1366,1962,1989]" page="199" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1758">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1DFFA0FFC8D973FCFDFAC320AE" ID-CoL="4NBHH" authority="(Linnaeus 1758: 199)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityPageNumber="199" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[810,1366,1962,1989]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Psammobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geometricus">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA0FFC8D973FCFDFAC320AE" bold="true" box="[810,1366,1962,1989]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA0FFC8D973FCFDFBCE20AF" bold="true" box="[810,1115,1962,1989]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Psammobates geometricus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA0FFC8DE33FCFDFAD820AE" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1130,1357,1962,1989]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref76574" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae, per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Tomus I. Editio Decima, Reformata. [10 th Ed.]. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm], 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus 1758:199</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6515FFA0FFC9D973FC9DFDC5254F" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B99369EFFA0FFC9D973FC9DFDC5254F" blockId="54.[810,1452,1962,2085]" lastBlockId="55.[232,785,171,549]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CC3FFA0FFC8D973FC9DFA392F4F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3695119439" collectionCode="UPSZTY, ZMUU" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCode="UPSZTY 20, ZMUU 20" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA0FFC8D973FC9DFC00208E" bold="true" box="[810,917,1994,2020]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<typeStatus id="549D883CFFA0FFC8D973FC9DFC00208E" box="[810,917,1994,2020]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(number uncertain):
<specimenCode id="DB809EE5FFA0FFC8DEC5FC9CFAA5208F" box="[1180,1328,1995,2021]" collectionCode="UPSZTY" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">UPSZTY 20</specimenCode>
(formerly
<specimenCode id="DB809EE5FFA0FFC8D9D3FCBCFB982F6F" box="[906,1037,2027,2053]" collectionCode="ZMUU" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/48ka-bzrq" name="Uppsala Universitet, Zoologiska Museet" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">ZMUU 20</specimenCode>
), plus published material.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA0FFC8DF38FCBCFC6D2F4F" author="Wallin, L." pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="77 - 78" refId="ref84446" refString="Wallin, L. (1977) The Linnean type-specimen of Testudo geometrica. Zoon, 5, 77 - 78." type="journal article" year="1977">Wallin (1977:77)</bibRefCitation>
showed that a Linnaean type specimen
</materialsCitation>
(UPSZTY 20) is actually a
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1DFFA1FFC9D87CFBFCFE32278C" authority="(Schoepff 1795)" baseAuthorityName="Schoepff" baseAuthorityYear="1795" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Geochelone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA1FFC9D87CFBFCFC9F27AF" box="[549,778,171,197]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Geochelone elegans</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9DAB6FB9CFE0A278C" author="Schoepff, J. D." box="[239,415,203,230]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="81 - 112" refId="ref80932" refString="Schoepff, J. D. (1795) Historia Testudinum Iconibus Illustrata. Fasciculus V. Joannis Jacobi Palm, Erlangae, pp. 81 - 112, pls. XVII, XXI - XXV." type="book chapter" year="1795">Schoepff 1795</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; see also
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9D87DFB9CFD41278F" author="Baard, E. H. W." box="[548,724,203,229]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="8 - 12" refId="ref64619" refString="Baard, E. H. W. (1991) A review of the taxonomic history of and some literature on the Geometric Tortoise, Psammobates geometricus (Linnaeus, 1758). Journal of the Herpetological Association of Africa, 39, 8 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 04416651.1991.9650293" type="journal article" year="1991">Baard (1991:8)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9DAB1FBBCFE51266C" author="Wallin, L." box="[232,452,235,262]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refId="ref84527" refString="Wallin, L. (2001) Catalogue of type specimens. 4. Linnaean specimens. Museum of Evolution, Zoology Section, Uppsala University, 128 pp." type="book" year="2001">Wallin (2001:126)</bibRefCitation>
. To avoid nomenclatural chaos,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9DB65FA5CFD55264F" author="Hoogmoed, M. S. &amp; Crumly, C. R." box="[316,704,267,293]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="241 - 259" refId="ref74391" refString="Hoogmoed, M. S. &amp; Crumly, C. R. (1984) Land tortoise types in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie with comments on nomenclature and systematics (Reptilia: Testudines: Testudinidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 58, 241 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">Hoogmoed &amp; Crumly (1984:241</bibRefCitation>
, 254 55) considered the figure in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9D809FA7CFC90262C" author="Piso, W." box="[592,773,299,326]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refId="ref79318" refString="Piso, W. 1658) Historiae Naturalis et Medicae Indiae Utriusque re naturali et Medica. Libri Quatuordecim. Ludovicum et Danielem Elzevirios. Amstelaedami (Amsterdam), 327 pp." type="book" year="1658">Piso (1658:105</bibRefCitation>
, Fig. 1; reproduced in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9D858FA1CFEB326EF" author="Hoogmoed, M. S. &amp; Crumly, C. R." pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="241 - 259" refId="ref74391" refString="Hoogmoed, M. S. &amp; Crumly, C. R. (1984) Land tortoise types in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie with comments on nomenclature and systematics (Reptilia: Testudines: Testudinidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 58, 241 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">Hoogmoed &amp; Crumly 1984</bibRefCitation>
:p. 255, Fig. 7) as syntypical of
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1DFFA1FFC9D8ACFA3BFEE426CF" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Psammobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geometricus">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA1FFC9D8ACFA3BFEE426CF" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">P. geometricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and designated it as
<typeStatus id="549D883CFFA1FFC9D8C5FADCFC9826CF" box="[668,781,395,421]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. Bour (2005d:25) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9DBBCFAFCFC9C26AF" author="Bour, R. &amp; Pauler, I." box="[485,777,427,453]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="3 - 23" refId="ref68010" refString="Bour, R. &amp; Pauler, I. (1987) Identite de Phrynops vanderhaegei Bour, 1973, et des especes affines (Reptilia - Chelonii - Chelidae). Mesogee - Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Marseille, 47, 3 - 23." type="journal article" year="1987">Bour &amp; Pauler (1987:23)</bibRefCitation>
photographed a specimen in the NRM, identified it as
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1DFFA1FFC9DB71FABCFD87256F" baseAuthorityName="Schweigger" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[296,530,491,517]" class="Reptilia" family="Chelidae" genus="Mesoclemmys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gibba">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA1FFC9DB71FABCFD87256F" box="[296,530,491,517]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Mesoclemmys gibba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and considered it a
<typeStatus id="549D883CFFA1FFC9DAB1F95CFEEA254F" box="[232,383,523,549]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1DFFA1FFC9DBFDF95BFDDC254F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[420,585,524,549]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Psammobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geometricus">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA1FFC9DBFDF95BFDDC254F" box="[420,585,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">P. geometricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6515FFA1FFC9DAF2F91CFDB5250F" box="[171,544,587,613]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B99369EFFA1FFC9DAF2F91CFDB5250F" blockId="55.[171,778,587,709]" box="[171,544,587,613]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3611B0FFA1FFC9DAF2F91CFDB5250F" box="[171,544,587,613]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<treatmentCitation id="0A87108FFFA1FFC9DAF2F91CFDB5250F" author="Daudin, F. M." box="[171,544,587,613]" page="277" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" year="1801">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1DFFA1FFC9DAF2F91CFDB5250F" authority="Daudin 1801: 277" authorityName="Daudin" authorityPageNumber="277" authorityYear="1801" box="[171,544,587,613]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luteola">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA1FFC9DAF2F91CFEC3250F" box="[171,342,587,613]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Testudo luteola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9DB04F91CFDB5250F" author="Daudin, F. M." box="[349,544,587,613]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refId="ref69886" refString="Daudin, F. M. (1801) Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles. Tome Second. Imprimerie F. Dufart, Paris, 432 pp." type="book" year="1801">Daudin 1801:277</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6515FFA1FFC9DAF2F93CFED025AF" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B99369EFFA1FFC9DAF2F93CFED025AF" blockId="55.[171,778,587,709]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA1FFC9DAF2F93CFE8D25EF" bold="true" box="[171,280,619,645]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<typeStatus id="549D883CFFA1FFC9DAF2F93CFE8D25EF" box="[171,280,619,645]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: Not located; illustrated in the original description (Pl. XXV, Fig. 3); possibly in the MNHN.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6515FFA1FFC9DAF2F9BCFD14246F" box="[171,641,747,773]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B99369EFFA1FFC9DAF2F9BCFD14246F" blockId="55.[171,778,747,902]" box="[171,641,747,773]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1DFFA1FFC9DAF2F9BCFD14246F" authority="Lidth de Jeude 1893: 312" authorityName="Lidth de Jeude" authorityPageNumber="312" authorityYear="1893" box="[171,641,747,773]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strauchi">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA1FFC9DAF2F9BCFEF1246F" box="[171,356,747,773]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Testudo strauchi</emphasis>
Lidth de Jeude 1893:312
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6515FFA1FFC9DAF2F85CFEF924EC" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B99369EFFA1FFC9DAF2F85CFEF924EC" blockId="55.[171,778,747,902]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA1FFC9DAF2F85CFE8D244F" bold="true" box="[171,280,779,805]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<typeStatus id="549D883CFFA1FFC9DAF2F85CFE8D244F" box="[171,280,779,805]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="ED37AE5BFFA1FFC9DB7EF85CFEEE244F" box="[295,379,779,805]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
6011 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9DB9EF85CFD7E244F" author="Hoogmoed, M. S. &amp; Gasso Miracle, M. E. &amp; van den Hoek Ostende, L. W." box="[455,747,779,805]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref74490" refString="Hoogmoed, M. S., Gasso Miracle, M. E. &amp; van den Hoek Ostende, L. W. (2010) Type specimens of recent and fossil Testudines and Crocodylia in the collections of the Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden, 84, 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="2010">
Hoogmoed
<emphasis id="B952EA8CFFA1FFC9D815F85BFD10244F" box="[588,645,779,805]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">et al.</emphasis>
2010:20
</bibRefCitation>
); illustrated in the original description (Pl. 9), and photographed in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6FFFA1FFC9DBA2F81CFEFD24EC" author="Hoogmoed, M. S. &amp; Crumly, C. R." pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="241 - 259" refId="ref74391" refString="Hoogmoed, M. S. &amp; Crumly, C. R. (1984) Land tortoise types in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie with comments on nomenclature and systematics (Reptilia: Testudines: Testudinidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 58, 241 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">Hoogmoed &amp; Crumly (1984:256)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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