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<mods:title id="B811E0C22AF269F83E28F9AC4F6D6DD9">Large Mammals From The Rupelian Of Oman - Recent Finds</mods:title>
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<heading id="4F6D81E17266FFDDFF0AFFB0FD0038A6" box="[153,742,1194,1218]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="D39A4D0E7266FFDDFF0AFFB0FD0038A6" authority="(ANDREWS et BEADNELL, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="ANDREWS et BEADNELL" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[153,742,1194,1218]" class="Mammalia" family="Anthracotheriidae" genus="Bothriogenys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gorringei">
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<emphasis id="26EEEA9F7266FFDDFF0AFFB0FE7E38A6" bold="true" box="[153,408,1194,1218]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="313">Bothriogenys gorringei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFE34FFB1FDEB38A4" author="Andrews, C. W. &amp; Beadnell, H. J. L." box="[423,525,1195,1218]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref11034" refString="Andrews, C. W., Beadnell, H. J. L. (1902): A preliminary note on some new mammals from the upper Eocene of Egypt. - Egypt Survey Department, Public Works Ministry, Cairo, pp. 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 77312" type="book chapter" year="1902">ANDREWS</bibRefCitation>
et BEADNELL, 1902)
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1425368D7266FFDDFF35FFC0FD4B3895" blockId="13.[166,685,1242,1265]" box="[166,685,1242,1265]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313">M a t e r i a l. ONHM TN 2017-01, first phalanx.</paragraph>
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D e s c r i p t i o n. The
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<emphasis id="26EEEA9F7266FFDDFE2AFE13FDB33944" box="[441,597,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="313">Omanitherium</emphasis>
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locality yielded a first phalanx of an anthracothere in situ in indurated marl (
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). The specimen, ONHM TN 2017-01, is complete. The distal end shows a moderate central valley between the two articular surfaces, a feature of artiodactyl phalanges, which distinguishes this fossil from proboscidean phalanges that have an almost obsolete central valley (
<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFF47FEF0FE303A65" author="Gheerbrant, E. &amp; Sudre, J. &amp; Tassy, P. &amp; Amaghzaz, M. &amp; Bouya, B. &amp; Iarochene, M." box="[212,470,1514,1537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" pagination="239 - 333" refId="ref11646" refString="Gheerbrant, E., Sudre, J., Tassy, P., Amaghzaz, M., Bouya, B., Iarochene, M. (2005): Nouvelles donnees sur Phosphatherium escuillei (Mammalia, Proboscidea) de l'Eocene inferieur du Maroc, apports a la phylogenie des Proboscidea et des ongules lophodontes. - Geodiversitas, 27 (2): 239 - 333." type="journal article" year="2005">Gheerbrant et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFE75FEF0FD263A65" author="Delmer, C. &amp; Mahboubi, M. &amp; Tabuce, R. &amp; Tassy, P." box="[486,704,1514,1537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" pagination="421 - 434" refId="ref11345" refString="Delmer, C., Mahboubi, M., Tabuce, R., Tassy, P. (2006): A new species of Moeritherium (Proboscidea, Mammalia) from the Eocene of Algeria: New perspectives on the ancestral morphotype of the genus. - Palaeontology, 49 (2): 421 - 434. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1475 - 4983.2006.00548. x" type="journal article" year="2006">Delmer et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
). The specimen is
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long, and the distal end is
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broad by ca.
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tall, and is thus compatible in dimensions with the species
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<emphasis id="26EEEA9F7266FFDDFEA7FD51FDC93A06" box="[308,559,1611,1634]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="313">Bothriogenys gorringei</emphasis>
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, which has already been recorded from the Ashawq Formation on the basis of upper and lower molars (
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)
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D i s c u s s i o n. The anthracothere phalanx from the
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locality proves the association of this family with fossils of the arsinoithere,
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, and the numidotherioid,
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<emphasis id="26EEEA9F7266FFDDFDF7FC01FF113B36" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="313">Omanitherium dhofarense</emphasis>
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. This association was already noted at the Thaytiniti locality excavated by the Thomas Expedition of 1992 (
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).
</paragraph>
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<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFF35FC86FE613BD7" author="Sileem, A. H. &amp; Sallam, H. M. &amp; Hewaidy, A. A. &amp; Gunnell, G. F. &amp; Miller, E. R." box="[166,391,1948,1971]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref14679" refString="Sileem, A. H., Sallam, H. M., Hewaidy, A. A., Gunnell, G. F., Miller, E. R. (2015): Anthracotheres (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the upper-most horizon of the Jebel Qatrani Formation, latest early Oligocene, Fayum Depression, Egypt. - Egyptian Journal of Paleontology, 15: 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="2015">Sileem et al. (2015</bibRefCitation>
, 2016) and
<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFD8BFC86FD193BD7" author="Sallam, H. M. &amp; Sileem, A. H. &amp; Miller, E. R. &amp; Gunnell, G. F." box="[536,767,1948,1971]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref13964" refString="Sallam, H. M., Sileem, A. H., Miller, E. R., Gunnell, G. F. (2016): Deciduous dentition and dental eruption sequence of Bothriogenys fraasi (Anthracotheriidae, Artiodactyla) from the Fayum Depression, Egypt. - Palaeontologia electronica, 9.3.38 A: 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.26879 / 646" type="book chapter" year="2016">Sallam et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
extended knowledge of
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<emphasis id="26EEEA9F7266FFDDFE42FCA6FDB93BB7" box="[465,607,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="313">Bothriogenys</emphasis>
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and other anthracotheres in the Fayum deposits of northern
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, in particular regarding stratigraphic distribution of various taxa, reporting specimens from the Late Eocene Qasr el Sagha Formation and the Jebel Qatrani Formation. The results of this work agree with the Omani record, which, it must be admitted, is still rather sparse. It suggests that the Ashawq Formation is close in age to Quarry L
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the Jebel Qatrani Formation (Rupelian) (
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), although a correlation to the earlier Qasr el Sagha Formation (Priabonian) cannot be discounted (
<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFC7FF8D7FB553F80" author="Sileem, A. H. &amp; Sallam, H. M. &amp; Hewaidy, A. A. &amp; Miller, E. R. &amp; Gunnell, G. F." box="[1004,1203,973,996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" pagination="170 - 181" refId="ref14754" refString="Sileem, A. H., Sallam, H. M., Hewaidy, A. A., Miller, E. R., Gunnell, G. F. (2016): A new anthracothere (Artiodactyla) from the early Oligocene, Fayum, Egypt, and the mystery of African ' Rhagatherium ' solved. - Journal of Paleontology, 90 (1): 170 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / jpa. 2016.13" type="journal article" year="2016">Sileem et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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The fossil record of anthracotheres in the Arabian Peninsula is filling in, but there are still long gaps in the stratigraphic representation of the family. The next youngest anthracotheres following the Ashawq records (
<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFAFFFF57FC6B38E0" author="Pickford, M." pageId="13" pageNumber="313" pagination="257 - 264" refId="ref13033" refString="Pickford, M. (2015 c): Large ungulates from the basal Oligocene of Oman: 3 - Anthracotheriidae. - Spanish Journal of Palaeontology, 30 (2): 257 - 264." type="journal article" year="2015">Pickford 2015c</bibRefCitation>
) and those from the Usfan and Shumaysi Formations, Western
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(
<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFBCCFF97FAB738C0" author="Zalmout, I. S. &amp; Gunnell, G. &amp; Al-Mufarreh, Y. &amp; Ali, M. &amp; Matari, A. &amp; Jamalaldeen, A. &amp; Gingerich, P." box="[1119,1361,1165,1188]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" pagination="605" refId="ref15245" refString="Zalmout, I. S., Gunnell, G., Al-Mufarreh, Y., Ali, M., Nass- er, A., Matari, A., Jamalaldeen, A., Gingerich, P. (2012): Oligocene Anthracotheriidae (Artiodactyla) from the Usfan and Shumaysi Formations, Western Saudi Arabia. - Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Charlotte, 4 - 7 November, 2012, Abstracts with Programs, 44 (7): 605." type="journal article" year="2012">Zalmout et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
) of Early Oligocene age, are those from the Early Miocene deposits at Wadi Sabya, southwestern
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFCCCFE17FBC93940" author="Madden, C. &amp; Schmidt, D. L. &amp; Whitmore, F. C." box="[863,1071,1293,1316]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" refId="ref12304" refString="Madden, C., Schmidt, D. L., Whitmore, F. C. (1983): Masritherium (Artiodactyla, Anthracotheriidae) from Wadi Sabya, southwestern Saudi Arabia: an earliest Miocene age for the continental rift-valley volcanic deposits of the Red Sea margin. - United States Geological Survey, Open File Report 83 - 488, 24 pp. Prepared for the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." type="book" year="1983">Madden et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFCD8FE37FC083920" author="Pickford, M." box="[843,1006,1325,1348]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" refId="ref12900" refString="Pickford, M. (1991): Revision of the NeogeneAnthracotheriidae of Africa. - In Salem, M. J., Hammuda, O. S., Eliagoubi, B. A. (eds), Geology of Libya, Volume 4. Elsevi- er, Amsterdam, pp. 1491 - 1525." type="book" year="1991">PICKFORD, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="700B4B7C7266FFDDFB9AFE37FB363920" author="Roger, J. &amp; Pickford, M. &amp; Thomas, H. &amp; de Broin, F. &amp; Tassy, P. &amp; Van Neer, W. &amp; Bourdillon-de-Grissac, C. &amp; Al-Busaidi, S." box="[1033,1232,1325,1348]" pageId="13" pageNumber="313" pagination="253 - 273" refId="ref13605" refString="Roger, J., Pickford, M., Thomas, H., de Broin, F., Tassy, P., Van Neer, W., Bourdillon-de-Grissac, C., Al-Busaidi, S. (1994 a): Decouverte de vertebres fossiles dans le Miocene de la region du Huqf au Sultanat d'Oman. - Annales de Paleontologie, 80: 253 - 273." type="journal article" year="1994">Roger et al. 1994a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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