216 lines
19 KiB
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216 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.808.28172" ID-GBIF-Dataset="04917f36-3693-4c99-81d9-c2d53ae87c5d" ID-PMC="PMC6305772" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-808-23" ID-PubMed="30598607" ID-ZBK="6121F4634D7E42ECA10B27E8140B2B78" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-808-23" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 808" ModsDocTitle="Morphological characters of immature stages of Palaearctic species of Cleopomiarus and Miarus and their systematic value in Mecinini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae)" checkinTime="1545315464969" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Skuhrovec, Jiri, Gosik, Rafal, Caldara, Roberto, Tosevski, Ivo, Letowski, Jacek & Szwaj, Ewelina" docDate="2018" docId="9727E5FA970FF13E66CB894BD6BE603A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 808: 23-92" docOrigin="ZooKeys 808" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.808.28172" docTitle="Cleopomiarus medius Desbrochers des Loges 1893" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="1B57FFC6815CAE18FFF5FFEEFFA3FFD9" masterDocTitle="Morphological characters of immature stages of Palaearctic species of Cleopomiarus and Miarus and their systematic value in Mecinini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae)" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1668166615720" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Morphological characters of immature stages of Palaearctic species of Cleopomiarus and Miarus and their systematic value in Mecinini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skuhrovec, Jiri</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gosik, Rafal</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tosevski, Ivo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Letowski, Jacek</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Szwaj, Ewelina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>808</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:end>92</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.808.28172</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.808.28172</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-808-23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">6121F4634D7E42ECA10B27E8140B2B78</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6121F4634D7E42ECA10B27E8140B2B78</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154125297" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9727E5FA970FF13E66CB894BD6BE603A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9727E5FA970FF13E66CB894BD6BE603A" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="16" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName authority="Desbrochers des Loges, 1893" authorityName="Desbrochers des Loges" authorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleopomiarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleopomiarus medius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">Cleopomiarus medius (Desbrochers des Loges, 1893)</taxonomicName>
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Figures 31, 32, 33-34, 35-36, 37, 38-40
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="40">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="40" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
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examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="40">
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13 L3 larvae, ex seed capsules of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Campanula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campanula lingulata" order="Asterales" pageId="17" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">Campanula lingulata</taxonomicName>
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Waldst. and Kit., 26.06.2017,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Staničenje">Stanicenje</normalizedToken>
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, Pirot, east Serbia, leg. I.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Toševski">Tosevski</normalizedToken>
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, all collected in association with adults, det R. Caldara. Accession numbers of sequenced specimens: MH558547.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="17" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="40">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="40">
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Measurements (in mm). Body length: 5.10-7.30 (mean 5.67). Body width (metathorax or abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
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) up to 2.02. Head width: 0.83-0.96 (mean 0.91).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="40">General. Body elongated, slender, weakly curved, rounded in cross section (Fig. 31).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="40">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="40">
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Figure 31.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleopomiarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleopomiarus medius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">Cleopomiarus medius</taxonomicName>
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mature larva habitus.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="41">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="41" start="start">Colouration</pageBreakToken>
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. Pale brown or almost yellow head (Fig. 31). All thoracic and abdominal segments from white to slightly yellow (Fig. 31).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="41">Vestiture. Setae on body thin, slightly from orange to brown, distinctly different in length (minute to very short or long). Cuticle distinctly asperate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="41">Head capsule (Fig. 32). Head suboval. Frontal sutures distinct. Endocarina distinctly widened in the middle of the length. Two small stemmata (st), located close to des5. Des1-2 and des5 very long; des3 medium size; des4 short (Fig. 32). Fs1 long; fs2 absent; fs3 medium; fs4 long; and fs5 very long (Fig. 32). Les1 and les2 as long as des5; both ves very short. Epicranial area with two sensilla and three pes in line with des2.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="41">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="41">
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Figure 32.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleopomiarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleopomiarus medius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">Cleopomiarus medius</taxonomicName>
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mature larva head, frontal view. Abbreviations: des - dorsal epicranial s., fs - frontal epicranial s., les - lateral epicranial s., pes - postepicranial s., ves - ventral s., at - antenna, st - stemmata.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="41">Antennae bearing one very long conical sensorium, and basal membranous article with three sensilla almost equal in length (Fig. 33).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="41">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="41">
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Figures 33-34.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleopomiarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleopomiarus medius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">Cleopomiarus medius</taxonomicName>
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mature larva. 33 Antenna 34 Right mandible. Abbreviation: mds - mandible dorsal s.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="41">Clypeus (Fig. 35) approximately 4.25 times as wide as long with two almost equal in length cls: cls2 some longer than cls1, and one sensillum; anterior margin sinuate.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="41">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="41">
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Figures 35-36.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleopomiarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleopomiarus medius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">Cleopomiarus medius</taxonomicName>
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mature larva, mouthparts. 35 Labrum and clypeus 36 Epipharynx. Abbreviations: als - anteriolateral s., ams - anteromedial s., cls - clypeal s., lms - labral s., mes - median s., clss - clypeal sensillum, lr - labral rods.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="18" pageNumber="41">
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Mouthparts. Labrum (Fig. 35) two times as wide as long, with three piliform lms, different in the length; lms1 and lms2 located medially, and lms3 located anterolaterally; lms1 very long and reaches distinctly the labrum margin, lms2 long, and lms3 short, three times as shorter than lms1. Epipharynx (Fig. 36) with three medium sized finger-like als, and three medium to short ams in different shape; labral rods (lr) distinct,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="42" start="start">elongated</pageBreakToken>
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. Mandibles (Fig. 36) bifid; bearing with two setae in short to medium size, piliform, and aligned longitudinally, mds1 located basally; mds2, located distinctly apically. Maxilla (Fig. 34) stipes with long stps and equal in length pfs1 and pfs2, very short to minute mbs, and two sensilla close to mbs; mala with six medium sized finger-like dms; five vms, different in length, three setae medium size, and two setae very short. Maxillary palpi: basal palpomere with one short mxps and two sensilla; distal palpomere with cuticular apical processes; length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres 1:0.8. Prelabium (Fig. 37) with one short prms; ligula with two short ligs; premental sclerite broad, ring-shaped. Labial palpi with two palpomeres; length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres 1:0.9; each of the palpomeres with one sensillum, distal palpomere with short, cuticular apical processes. Postlabium (Fig. 37) with short pms1 located basally, very long pms2 located medially and short pms3 located apically; membranous area basolaterally distinctly asperate.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="42">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="42">
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Figure 37.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleopomiarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleopomiarus medius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">Cleopomiarus medius</taxonomicName>
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larval mouthparts, maxillolabial complex, ventral view right maxilla. Abbreviations: dms - dorsal malar s., vms - ventral malar s., mpxs - maxillary palps s., mbs - basioventral s., pfs - palpiferal s., stps - stipital s., prms - premental s., pms - postmental s., ligs - ligular s.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="42">Thorax. Prothorax (Fig. 38) with nine long and one very short prns; two long ps; and one short eus. Meso- and metathorax (Fig. 38) with one short prs, three long pds; one long as; two long and one very short to minute ss; one long eps; one long ps; and one short eus. Each pedal area of the thoracic segments with six different in length pda.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="42">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="42">
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Figures 38-40.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleopomiarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleopomiarus medius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medius">Cleopomiarus medius</taxonomicName>
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mature larva, habitus. 38 Lateral view of thoracic segments 39 Lateral view of abdominal segment I 40 Lateral view of abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken originalValue="VI–X">VI-X</normalizedToken>
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. Abbreviations: as - alar s., ds - dorsal s., eps - epipleural s., eus - eusternal s., lsts - laterosternal s., pda - pedal s., pds - postdorsal s., prns - pronotal s., prs - prodorsal s., ss - spiracular s., ps - pleural s., sts - sternal s., Th1-3 - number of thoracic segments, Ab1-10 - number of abdominal seg.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="19" pageNumber="42">
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Abdomen. Abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–VII">I-VII</normalizedToken>
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(Figs 39-40) with one very short prs; two short and one long pds (order: short, long, short); one long and one minute ss; two long eps; one long ps; one long lsts; and two short eus. Abdominal segment VIII (Fig. 40)
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="43" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
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one very short prs; three pds (order: short, long, short); one long and one minute ss; two long eps; one long ps; one long lsts; and two short eus. Abdominal segment IX (Fig. 40) with one medium long and three very short ds; two short ps; and two short sts. Abdominal segment X (Fig. 40) without seta.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="20" pageNumber="43" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="43">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="20" pageNumber="43">
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Previously, the unique biological datum on this species was reported by
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<bibRefCitation author="Weill, P" journalOrPublisher="Weevil News" pageId="57" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 25" title="Liste des charancons collectes en Syrie durant trois annees completes et plusieurs excursions entre 1999 et 2004 - base pour un futur catalogue (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)." volume="66" year="2011">Weill et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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, who collected adults in Syria on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Michauxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Michauxia campanuloides" order="Asterales" pageId="20" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanuloides">Michauxia campanuloides</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="L’Hér">L'Her</normalizedToken>
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., a small genus of
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<taxonomicName family="Campanulaceae" lsidName="Campanuloideae" pageId="20" pageNumber="43" rank="family">Campanulaceae</taxonomicName>
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distributed in the Middle East, possibly a synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Campanula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campanula" order="Asterales" pageId="20" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Campanula</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Crowl, AA" journalOrPublisher="Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid" pageId="55" pageNumber="78" url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094199" year="2014">Crowl et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
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). Therefore, the observation that this species feeds on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Campanula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campanula lingulata" order="Asterales" pageId="20" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lingulata">Campanula lingulata</taxonomicName>
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Waldst. and Kit. is unpublished. Moreover, adults were recently observed feeding on flowers of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Campanula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campanula sibirica" order="Asterales" pageId="20" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sibirica">Campanula sibirica</taxonomicName>
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L. in eastern Serbia (I
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Toševski">Tosevski</normalizedToken>
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, pers. obs.), but larval development on this plant species is not confirmed. Like
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. distinctus" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="distinctus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="44" start="start">C</pageBreakToken>
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. distinctus
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. graminis" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="graminis">C. graminis</taxonomicName>
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, larvae are seed feeders inside capsules of the host plant without producing galls.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="44" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="44">
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This species was previously known from Anatolia, Syria and many countries of the Balkans but not from Serbia. The adults of this species are characterized by a very long rostrum in the females. This character, however, is not uncommon in the Palaearctic
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cleopomiarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleopomiarus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cleopomiarus</taxonomicName>
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. For example, this character is shared with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longirostris" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="longirostris">C. longirostris</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. distinctus" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="distinctus">C. distinctus</taxonomicName>
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, two other taxa presented in this paper. It is distinguishable from these species by the less globose and moderately elongate elytra, and moreover by the shape of the male and female genitalia (
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<bibRefCitation author="Caldara, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Insect Biodiversity" pageId="54" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 47" title="Systematics of the Holarctic species of the weevil genus Cleopomiarus Pierce (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2016.4.6" volume="4" year="2016">Caldara and Legalov 2016</bibRefCitation>
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). Other characters of the immatures allow easy separation of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. medius" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="medius">C. medius</taxonomicName>
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from these two species as well as from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. graminis" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="graminis">C. graminis</taxonomicName>
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(see keys to larvae and pupae). There are also substantial molecular differences between
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. medius" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="medius">C. medius</taxonomicName>
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and other species (I
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Toševski">Tosevski</normalizedToken>
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, unpublished data).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |