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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24faa4da-b3d3-4f16-9bd4-830c47e189a3" ID-PMC="PMC7895808" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1017-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="24D307470678503FA8737A34FDC87114" ID-PubMed="33633480" ID-ZooBank="D6C509102C7A46059FAEB3E25FE48C8A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1017-1" checkinTime="1613177902248" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hernandez, Osvaldo, Gomez-Gutierrez, Jaime &amp; Sanchez, Carlos" docDate="2021" docId="828E66ECDDB45A419B606B98EFEDF3F9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1017: 1-20" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1017" docPubDate="2021-02-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619" docTitle="Leptogorgia enrici Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="A3DE39AC-113D-436E-834B-4084F5B6F44F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="24D307470678503FA8737A34FDC87114" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="24D307470678503FA8737A34FDC87114" masterDocTitle="Three new species of the sea fan genus Leptogorgia (Octocorallia, Gorgoniidae) from the Gulf of California, Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668149795896" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Three new species of the sea fan genus Leptogorgia (Octocorallia, Gorgoniidae) from the Gulf of California, Mexico</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hernandez, Osvaldo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5, CP 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico &amp; Departamento de Plancton y Ecologia Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Av. IPN, s / n, CP 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gomez-Gutierrez, Jaime</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Plancton y Ecologia Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Av. IPN, s / n, CP 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sanchez, Carlos</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7199-1268</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5, CP 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">csanchez@uabcs.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-02-12</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1017</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>20</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1017-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D6C509102C7A46059FAEB3E25FE48C8A</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">24D307470678503FA8737A34FDC87114</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="systematics">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="177383167" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A3DE39AC-113D-436E-834B-4084F5B6F44F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/828E66ECDDB45A419B606B98EFEDF3F9" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/A3DE39AC-113D-436E-834B-4084F5B6F44F" authority="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez, 2021" authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici" status="sp. nov.">Leptogorgia enrici</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Map of the Gulf of California and Mexican Pacific showing collection localities of the three new species of Leptogorgia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638560 B close up of terminal twig C orange chromotype colony D anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., Scanning Electron Microscopy images of coenenchymal sclerites from the holotype NMNH- 1638560 A acute spindles B dull spindles C capstans." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509111" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Three new species of sea fans, colonies in situ, underwater images A Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., San Juanito Island, Piedra El Morro, Islas Marias Archipelago, 10 m depth, 23 November 2010, a deep purple colony, at the base a small red wine colony of Leptogorgia ena B Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., polyps close up C Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., Cueva Refugio, San Pedro Martir Island, Sonora, 2 - 3 m depth, 16 July 2010 into the cave several small colonies D Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., colony close up E Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., Los Choros, BC, 25 m depth, 10 July 2009, two yellow colonies, a large colony of Eugorgia multifida in the background F Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., El Bajo Sur, Cerralvo Island, BCS, 30 m depth, 23 June 2006, white colony G Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., polyps close up. Photographs by Carlos Sanchez." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8E-G</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
NMNH-1638560: dry, San Esteban Island (northwest rocky point), Sonora, Mexico (
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="43.564" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.726067">28°43.564'N</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="36.799" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.61332">112°36.799'W</geoCoordinate>
), 24 m depth,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in situ</emphasis>
temperature 19 °C, 01 November 1999, collector Carlos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
NMNH-1638561: dry, San Esteban Island (northwest rocky point), Sonora, Mexico (
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="43.564" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.726067">28°43.564'N</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="36.799" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.61332">112°36.799'W</geoCoordinate>
), 24 m depth,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in situ</emphasis>
temperature 19 °C, 01 November 1999, collector Carlos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
; NMNH-1638562: dry, San Esteban Island (northwest rocky point), Sonora, Mexico (
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="43.564" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.726067">28°43.564'N</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="36.799" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.61332">112°36.799'W</geoCoordinate>
), 24 m depth,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in situ</emphasis>
temperature 19 °C, 03 November 1999, collector Carlos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
; NMNH-1638563: dry, San Pedro Nolasco Island (south rocky point), Sonora, Mexico (
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="57.094" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.951567">27°57.094'N</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate degrees="111" direction="west" minutes="22.001" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-111.366684">111°22.001'W</geoCoordinate>
), 30 m depth, 20 October 1999, collector Carlos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
San Esteban Island is part of the midriff islands at the upper Gulf of California, and is the 15th largest island in Mexico by area (40 km²), and has predominantly volcanic rocky reefs. San Esteban Island is a UNESCO &quot;Islas del Golfo de California&quot; Biosphere Reserve (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Map of the Gulf of California and Mexican Pacific showing collection localities of the three new species of Leptogorgia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype colony description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A bright yellow colony with planar growth and lateral branching (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638560 B close up of terminal twig C orange chromotype colony D anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6A, B</figureCitation>
). The colony is 15.3 cm high and 115 cm wide. The colony has a 9 mm diameter holdfast attached to a rock of small size (14 mm
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
11 mm) of biogenic origin from which emerges the main stem of 15 mm length and 2 mm diameter. The stem has longitudinal grooves. From the stem arise two main branches: one of 35 mm length and 2 mm diameter and the other of 117 mm length and 2 mm diameter. From these branches arise multiple secondary laterally growing branches. The terminal branches measure 20-30 mm long, 1.5 mm diameter, and have sharp points (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638560 B close up of terminal twig C orange chromotype colony D anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6B</figureCitation>
). The polyp mounds are oval of 1 mm length and 0.5 mm width. Mounds are slightly evident with no elevation and are arranged irregularly or in rows on each side of all branches but not the stem.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
holotype NMNH-1638560
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
close up of terminal twig
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
orange chromotype colony
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="holotype sclerites">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype sclerites.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The dominant type of sclerites is capstans of 0.06 mm length and 0.03 mm width (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., Scanning Electron Microscopy images of coenenchymal sclerites from the holotype NMNH- 1638560 A acute spindles B dull spindles C capstans." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509111" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7C</figureCitation>
). There are abundant long spindles up to 0.11 mm long and 0.02 mm thick, which may or may not be slightly curved at the tips (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., Scanning Electron Microscopy images of coenenchymal sclerites from the holotype NMNH- 1638560 A acute spindles B dull spindles C capstans." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509111" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7A, B</figureCitation>
). Crosses are unusual, of 0.06 mm
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.06 mm diameter (not shown). Anthocodial sclerites are mostly small yellow rods of up to 0.05 mm length and 0.01 mm width, these anthocodial sclerites have smooth edges and blunt tips (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638560 B close up of terminal twig C orange chromotype colony D anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6D</figureCitation>
). Long rods are also present, but in considerably low proportion.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509111" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., Scanning Electron Microscopy images of coenenchymal sclerites from the holotype NMNH-1638560
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
acute spindles
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
dull spindles
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
capstans.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="morphological variations">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Morphological variations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has arborescent and planar forms of colony growth. The planar colony is the more common morphotype.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has four solid colony colorations: yellow (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638560 B close up of terminal twig C orange chromotype colony D anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Three new species of sea fans, colonies in situ, underwater images A Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., San Juanito Island, Piedra El Morro, Islas Marias Archipelago, 10 m depth, 23 November 2010, a deep purple colony, at the base a small red wine colony of Leptogorgia ena B Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., polyps close up C Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., Cueva Refugio, San Pedro Martir Island, Sonora, 2 - 3 m depth, 16 July 2010 into the cave several small colonies D Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., colony close up E Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., Los Choros, BC, 25 m depth, 10 July 2009, two yellow colonies, a large colony of Eugorgia multifida in the background F Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., El Bajo Sur, Cerralvo Island, BCS, 30 m depth, 23 June 2006, white colony G Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., polyps close up. Photographs by Carlos Sanchez." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8E</figureCitation>
), orange (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638560 B close up of terminal twig C orange chromotype colony D anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6C</figureCitation>
), purple, and white (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Three new species of sea fans, colonies in situ, underwater images A Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., San Juanito Island, Piedra El Morro, Islas Marias Archipelago, 10 m depth, 23 November 2010, a deep purple colony, at the base a small red wine colony of Leptogorgia ena B Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., polyps close up C Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., Cueva Refugio, San Pedro Martir Island, Sonora, 2 - 3 m depth, 16 July 2010 into the cave several small colonies D Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., colony close up E Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., Los Choros, BC, 25 m depth, 10 July 2009, two yellow colonies, a large colony of Eugorgia multifida in the background F Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., El Bajo Sur, Cerralvo Island, BCS, 30 m depth, 23 June 2006, white colony G Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., polyps close up. Photographs by Carlos Sanchez." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8F, G</figureCitation>
) plus a rare bicolor colony (yellow with purple rings around the calices). The sclerites of the coenenchyme always have the same coloration as the colony.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 8.</emphasis>
Three new species of sea fans, colonies
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in situ</emphasis>
, underwater images
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia iridis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="iridis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia iridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., San Juanito Island, Piedra El Morro, Islas
<normalizedToken originalValue="Marías">Marias</normalizedToken>
Archipelago, 10 m depth, 23 November 2010, a deep purple colony, at the base a small red wine colony of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Breedy, Abeytia &amp; Guzman" authorityYear="2012" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia ena" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ena">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia ena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia iridis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="iridis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia iridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., polyps close up
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., Cueva Refugio, San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
Island, Sonora, 2-3 m depth, 16 July 2010 into the cave several small colonies
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., colony close up
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., Los Choros, BC, 25 m depth, 10 July 2009, two yellow colonies, a large colony of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Eugorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eugorgia multifida" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="multifida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eugorgia multifida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the background
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., El Bajo Sur, Cerralvo Island, BCS, 30 m depth, 23 June 2006, white colony
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., polyps close up. Photographs by Carlos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The purple chromotype of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is morphologically similar to the thin and planar morphotype of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1864" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia rigida" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; however, both species differ completely in the form of their sclerites. The coenenchyme sclerites of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. rigida" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consist mainly of robust capstans with short waists, double heads and spheres (absent in
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.), while the sclerites of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. are mainly thin capstans and long and spindle sclerites; spindles are absent in
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. rigida" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These two species are distributed in different habitats:
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. rigida" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in shallow areas (&lt;10 m depth) attached to rocky reefs, typically inhabiting areas with strong currents or wave action and even in the cracks of rocks, while
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is found in rocky reefs, sandy or pebble beds at depths usually &lt;20 m depth. The morphology of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is similar in the type of branching and colony color to
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Verrill" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia chilensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Verrill, 1868) and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Verrill" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia flexilis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flexilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia flexilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Verrill, 1868). However, these three species are distinct because
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has colonies with planar growth and four solid chromotypes (yellow, orange, purple and white) and has many long spindles.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Verrill" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia chilensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. flexilis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flexilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. flexilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
show arborescent growth typically with branches very close to each other. Each species has a single colony chromotype (
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. chilensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is orange and
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. flexilis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flexilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. flexilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is red) and spindle sclerites are present in low proportions, with blunt tips rather than the long spindles with pointed tips observed in
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. The long and acute spindles in
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., are only comparable in size to the spindles of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia alba" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Soler-Hurtado, Megina, Machordom &amp; Lopez-Gonzalez" authorityYear="2017" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia manabiensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manabiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia manabiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Soler-Hurtado, Megina, Machordom &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="López-González">Lopez-Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
, 2017 (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04509.01C" author="Soler-Hurtado, MM" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Marina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="147 - 157" refId="B22" refString="Soler-Hurtado, MM, Megina, C, Machordom, A, Lopez-Gonzalez, PJ, 2017b. Foxed intra- and interspecific differentiation in Leptogorgia (Octocorallia: Gorgoniidae). A description of a new species based on multiple sources of evidence. Scientia Marina 81 (2): 147 - 157, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04509.01C" title="Foxed intra- and interspecific differentiation in Leptogorgia (Octocorallia: Gorgoniidae). A description of a new species based on multiple sources of evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04509.01C" volume="81" year="2017 b">Soler-Hurtado et al. 2017b</bibRefCitation>
). However, these long spindles are the dominant type in
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. alba" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. manabiensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manabiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. manabiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, they are broad with acute ends and crowded tubercles. The dominant type of sclerites of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. are capstans, the spindles are thin with blunt tips and with sparse tubercles. The anthocodial rods of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. alba" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. manabiensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="manabiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. manabiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are flat, long and have scalloped margins; while the anthocodial rods of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. are mostly short with lobed margins and blunt tips.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is endemic to the Gulf of California (Cortez Province according to the biogeographic regions of
<bibRefCitation author="Brusca, RC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="67 - 105" refId="B11" refString="Brusca, RC, Wallerstein, BR, 1979. Zoogeographic pattern of idoteid isopods in the northeast Pacific, with a review of shallow water zoogeography of the area. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 3: 67 - 105" title="Zoogeographic pattern of idoteid isopods in the northeast Pacific, with a review of shallow water zoogeography of the area." volume="3" year="1979">Brusca and Wallerstein 1979</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2000.tb00166.x" author="Hasting, PA" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="319 - 335" refId="B15" refString="Hasting, PA, 2000. Biogeography of the Tropical Eastern Pacific: distribution and phylogeny of chaenopsid fishes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 128 (3): 319 - 335, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2000.tb00166.x" title="Biogeography of the Tropical Eastern Pacific: distribution and phylogeny of chaenopsid fishes." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2000.tb00166.x" volume="128" year="2000">Hasting 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.'s highest densities are concentrated at the northern Gulf of California (northern Cortez sub-province) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Map of the Gulf of California and Mexican Pacific showing collection localities of the three new species of Leptogorgia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
), associated with the lowest winter sea surface temperature (SST, 15 °C), the widest annual range of SST (15-30 °C), and high marine productivity (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2016.1143105" author="Ulate, K" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="389 - 401" refId="B23" refString="Ulate, K, Sánchez, C, Sánchez-Rodríguez, A, Alonso, D, Aburto-Oropeza, O, Huato-Soberanis, L, 2016. Latitudinal regionalization of epibenthic macroinvertebrate communities on rocky reefs in the Gulf of California. Marine Biology Research 12 (4): 389 - 401, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2016.1143105" title="Latitudinal regionalization of epibenthic macroinvertebrate communities on rocky reefs in the Gulf of California." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2016.1143105" volume="12" year="2016">Ulate et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. inhabits substrates of rocky reefs, or pebbly and shell seafloor habitats surrounded by sand, in shallow waters (5-40 m depth), but most frequently between 20-40 m.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. may also be distributed in deeper waters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. occurs in low densities scattered on the reefs (&lt;1 colony 100 m2) and never clustered in several colonies. Marine ecological censuses carried out during 2009, 2010 and 2018 showed
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is distributed at the Mid-Rift Archipelago of the Gulf of California (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ángel">Angel</normalizedToken>
de la Guarda, Partida, Salsipuedes, Las
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ánimas">Animas</normalizedToken>
, San Lorenzo, San Esteban, San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
, Tortuga and San Marcos) and at the coast of Baja California peninsula (Los Choros).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has been collected with scuba at 40 m in the central and southern Gulf of California (Isla Danzante and Isla Cerralvo).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. shares its habitat with
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muricea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea plantaginea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="plantaginea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muricea plantaginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Valenciennes, 1846),
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1869" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea austera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="austera">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muricea austera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verrill, 1869,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea fruticosa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fruticosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muricea fruticosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verrill, 1869,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Eugorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eugorgia aurantiaca" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurantiaca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eugorgia aurantiaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Horn, 1861),
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Psammogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammogorgia teres" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="teres">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Psammogorgia teres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verrill, 1868, and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" class="Anthozoa" family="Paramuriceidae" genus="Heterogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterogorgia papillosa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heterogorgia papillosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verrill, 1870.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia enrici" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="enrici">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia enrici</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is named in honor of Dr. Enric Sala, a National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence actively engaged in the exploration, research, and science communication to advance ocean conservation. Enric Sala is a passionate enthusiast of marine life and the conservation of Mexican seas who actively collaborates to generate marine biodiversity knowledge. He founded and leads the National
<normalizedToken originalValue="Geographics">Geographic's</normalizedToken>
Pristine Seas project that has conducted 30 expeditions in the world, creating 22 no-take large marine reserve (~5 million km2 of no-fishing zones).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>