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<document id="53B1372E5AA7598217A6038D4E09EC5E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.294189" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b2775d25-e230-4f10-9430-f0d6dfd5a28e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="294189" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460245078205" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="OLoughlin, Mark &amp; Whitfield, Emily" docDate="2010" docId="03F287FA1974BD70FF12FCDCFCE2FEE9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02528p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2528" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Psolus byrdae OLoughlin &amp; Whitfield, 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="62" masterDocId="FFCBFF821975BD72FF85FF8EFFBFFFCB" masterDocTitle="New species of Psolus Oken from Antarctica (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1698241549117" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="01043D8B44294DC9BF3EB35795364942">New species of Psolus Oken from Antarctica (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="24506896B8ACD715A6F62B116BF0B8CC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="859CB16F909D74BDC2A1304A1E7FDA47">OLoughlin, Mark</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="839B6E254DDC34CCB348F217DB08BF3A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0B41BE1E9DCB379D7A90A159959F1145">Whitfield, Emily</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CD5C2040B8C9EC6D6A105E495D2777FB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="64797B83AC387C3BBB6DD50320A5465B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="27A876CFF52EFD71551CABF77D39C971">
<mods:date id="8C8E78E640D86674A2FFB0B578189773">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="6EBED3E43F5F09726005B981062D8765" type="volume">
<mods:number id="DD0C9720F1C0F3E8A927A25E71D7A122">2528</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="5066B4634876D11C9931BC863B3E466B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9E3CACDD9F23783EEF410780F0260158" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.294189</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A419144C6F71010B502075D4CC86A57A" type="GBIF-Dataset">b2775d25-e230-4f10-9430-f0d6dfd5a28e</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="05E7074E71C982F84F7C3BFC63063906" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="74EA5DF49A97F612797D270F2F338F04" type="Zenodo-Dep">294189</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03F287FA1974BD70FF12FCDCFCE2FEE9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6196617" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119390315" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6196617" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F287FA1974BD70FF12FCDCFCE2FEE9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F287FA1974BD70FF12FCDCFCE2FEE9" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<subSubSection id="C34165671974BD73FF12FCDCFE8EFC44" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF12FCDCFE1BFCA7" blockId="1.[151,420,850,911]" box="[151,420,850,876]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="D0AC81801974BD73FF12FCDCFE1BFCA7" bold="true" box="[151,420,850,876]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FF12FCDCFE1BFCA7" bold="true" box="[151,420,850,876]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D6F1974BD73FF12FCDCFEFFFCA7" ID-CoL="4PL8F" box="[151,320,850,876]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Psolidae" genus="Psolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="byrdae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FF12FCDCFEFFFCA7" bold="true" box="[151,320,850,876]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Psolus byrdae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C57851974BD73FEC3FCDCFE1BFCA7" box="[326,420,850,876]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF12FCFBFE8EFC44" blockId="1.[151,420,850,911]" box="[151,305,885,911]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<figureCitation id="13602A691974BD73FF12FCFBFEBFFC44" box="[151,256,885,911]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,355,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,346,1812]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Psolus byrdae sp. nov. holotype (NMV F 168626): a, dorsal view; b, lateral view; c, ventral view (oral end); d, dorsal scale (from USNM 1132854); e, thick knobbed plate and cross-like ossicles with arms sometimes joined to create perforations, from margin of sole (from holotype); f, tentacle ossicles (from holotype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/294190/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Figures 1</figureCitation>
af.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34165671974BD73FF12FC31FA23FB81" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF12FC31FB35FC34" blockId="1.[151,1437,959,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FF12FC31FE33FC12" bold="true" box="[151,396,959,985]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54E0884E1974BD73FE11FC4EFDBAFC11" box="[404,517,960,986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FD97FC4EFD2FFC11" box="[530,656,960,986]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
, Amundsen Sea, Marie Byrd Seamount,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F502B1974BD73FBF6FC4EFB00FC11" box="[1139,1215,960,986]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="5555" value="-69.2">69.2ºS</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F502B1974BD73FB4DFC4EFA91FC11" box="[1224,1326,960,986]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="5555" value="-117.5">117.5ºW</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA39B091974BD73FABEFC4EFA28FC11" box="[1339,1431,960,986]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.214" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="2214.0">2214 m</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4AAE291974BD73FF12FC6BFF6FFC34" box="[151,208,997,1023]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pyrt-ckh3" name="Bulgarian Academy of Science" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">BAS</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED4AAE291974BD73FF52FC6BFED9FC34" box="[215,358,997,1023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">BIOPEARL</collectionCode>
stn
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FE12FC6BFE0BFC34" box="[407,436,997,1023]" name="Belgium" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">BI</collectingCountry>
07AGT2000, K. Linse et al.,
<date id="FFE5102C1974BD73FCADFC6BFC7DFC34" box="[808,962,997,1023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" value="2008-03-15">15 Mar 2008</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4AAE291974BD73FC4BFC6BFBADFC34" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[974,1042,997,1023]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">NMV</collectionCode>
F168626.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF43FB84FC44FBEF" blockId="1.[151,1437,959,2031]" box="[198,1019,1034,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<typeStatus id="54E0884E1974BD73FF43FB84FE83FBEF" box="[198,316,1034,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
. Ross Sea, Scott I. Bank,
<quantity id="4CA39B091974BD73FDEDFB84FD4FFBEF" box="[616,752,1034,1060]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.555" metricValueMax="5.95" metricValueMin="5.16" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="555.5" valueMax="595.0" valueMin="516.0">516595 m</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4AAE291974BD73FD79FB84FCEEFBEF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[764,849,1034,1060]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">USNM</collectionCode>
1132854 (11).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF43FBA1FA23FB81" blockId="1.[151,1437,959,2031]" box="[198,1436,1071,1098]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FF43FBA1FE36FB82" bold="true" box="[198,393,1071,1097]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Other material.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FE15FBBEFE66FB81" box="[400,473,1072,1098]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Scotia</collectingCountry>
Sea,
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FD9FFBBEFD79FB81" box="[538,710,1072,1098]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">South Georgia</collectingCountry>
, 56º1823'S 37º0437'W,
<quantity id="4CA39B091974BD73FC7FFBBEFB20FB81" box="[1018,1183,1072,1098]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4295" metricValueMax="3.446" metricValueMin="3.413" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="3429.5" valueMax="3446.0" valueMin="3413.0">34133446 m</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4AAE291974BD73FB2FFBBEFB40FB81" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1194,1279,1072,1098]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">USNM</collectionCode>
1132855 (2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34165671974BD73FF43FBDBFC54F8C4" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF43FBDBFA3DFA51" blockId="1.[151,1437,959,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FF43FBDBFEF9FBA4" bold="true" box="[198,326,1109,1135]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D6F1974BD73FEC8FBDBFE24FBA5" box="[333,411,1109,1134]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Psolidae" genus="Psolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FEC8FBDBFE24FBA5" box="[333,411,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Psolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species up to
<quantity id="4CA39B091974BD73FDBBFBDBFD2FFBA4" box="[574,656,1109,1135]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CA39B091974BD73FD5CFBDBFCA3FBA4" box="[729,796,1109,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
high,
<quantity id="4CA39B091974BD73FCE0FBDBFC08FBA4" box="[869,951,1109,1135]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
wide (
<typeStatus id="54E0884E1974BD73FB80FBDBFBCDFBA4" box="[1029,1138,1109,1135]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
); elongate oval form, low vertical profile, lacking oral and anal cones; scales imbricating, macroscopically smooth, microscopically finely beaded, irregular shapes, large and small, rounded and angular, mosaic arrangement, up to
<quantity id="4CA39B091974BD73FA95FB2EFAEBFB71" box="[1296,1364,1184,1210]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
wide, small near ventral margin; lacking 5 discrete oral valves, oral scales numerous, digitiform or narrow pointed or triangular pointed; tentacles 10, 8 large, 2 small ventrally; calcareous ring with digitiform radial and interradial anterior projections, radial projections larger, concave radial and interradial posterior indentations; thin non-calcareous sole, single to zig-zag series of larger inner peripheral tube feet, widely separated from outer peripheral series of smaller tube feet, lacking mid-ventral tube feet, wide calcareous margin comprising large dorsal and small ventral plates between larger and smaller tube feet series; gonad tubules unbranched.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF43FA2BFBE8F90F" blockId="1.[151,1437,959,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
Dorsal and lateral multilayered ossicles only. Central sole with rare irregular smooth cross-like ossicles and plates, cross branches sometimes joined distally to create small plates with up to 6 perforations, cross-like ossicles commonly 120
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FE30FA7EFE7BF9C2" box="[437,452,1520,1545]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">µ</emphasis>
m long, perforated plates up to 208
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FCF4FA7EFC3FF9C2" box="[881,896,1520,1545]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">µ</emphasis>
m long. Margin of sole with numerous crosslike ossicles and perforated plates, up to 144
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FD34F99BFD7FF9E5" box="[689,704,1557,1582]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">µ</emphasis>
m long; elongate, narrow, perforated tube foot support plates, bluntly denticulate on concave margin, up to 400
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FC8DF9B5FCA8F99F" box="[776,791,1595,1620]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">µ</emphasis>
m long; thick, irregular, rods and perforated plates, sometimes thick knobs on margin and surface, up to 320
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FCC1F9EEFCECF9B2" box="[836,851,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">µ</emphasis>
m long. Largest tentacle ossicles irregularly oval and rounded triangular perforated plates, up to 424
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FC95F90BFCA0F955" box="[784,799,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">µ</emphasis>
m long, surface smooth, bluntly denticulate margin, commonly 2 large and 2 smaller perforations in cross formation in centre of plate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF43F941FC54F8C4" blockId="1.[151,1437,959,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FF43F941FE7EF922" bold="true" box="[198,449,1743,1769]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Colour (preserved).</emphasis>
Off-white with pale and dark brown flecking; sole is yellow, transparent, with narrow dark brown border inside the peripheral series of larger tube feet.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34165671974BD73FF43F894FBD4F8FF" box="[198,1131,1818,1844]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF43F894FBD4F8FF" blockId="1.[151,1437,959,2031]" box="[198,1131,1818,1844]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FF43F894FED8F8FF" bold="true" box="[198,359,1818,1844]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FEE8F894FE65F8FF" box="[365,474,1818,1844]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
Ocean, Amundsen, Ross and
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FCBEF894FC3BF8FF" box="[827,900,1818,1844]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Scotia</collectingCountry>
Seas,
<quantity id="4CA39B091974BD73FC55F894FBD9F8FF" box="[976,1126,1818,1844]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9809999999999999" metricValueMax="3.446" metricValueMin="0.516" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="1981.0" valueMax="3446.0" valueMin="516.0">5163446 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34165671974BD73FF43F8B1FC30F86F" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD73FF43F8B1FC30F86F" blockId="1.[151,1437,959,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FF43F8B1FEECF892" bold="true" box="[198,339,1855,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after the Marie Byrd Seamount from which the
<typeStatus id="54E0884E1974BD73FB90F8CEFBC4F891" box="[1045,1147,1856,1882]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
for this deep
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FAAAF8CEFA23F891" box="[1327,1436,1856,1882]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
psolid species was taken. Marie Byrd Land, near the Amundsen Sea, was claimed for the
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FB50F8EBFAC9F8B4" box="[1237,1398,1893,1919]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">United States</collectingCountry>
by Richard E. Byrd in 1929 and named in honour of his wife Marie.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34165671974BD70FF43F821FCE2FEE9" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE436EC1974BD70FF43F821FCE2FEE9" blockId="1.[151,1437,959,2031]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,290]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FF43F821FE80F802" bold="true" box="[198,319,1967,1993]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D6F1974BD73FEC2F83EFE53F802" box="[327,492,1968,1993]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Psolidae" genus="Psolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="byrdae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FEC2F83EFE53F802" box="[327,492,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Psolus byrdae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1974BD73FE76F821FDEEF802" bold="true" box="[499,593,1967,1993]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C57851974BD73FE76F821FDEEF802" box="[499,593,1967,1993]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has been found at great depths in the
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FB8FF83EFBC8F801" box="[1034,1143,1968,1994]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
Ocean, and has not been found on the continental shelf of
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FDB7F85BFD09F824" box="[562,694,2005,2031]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
. It is distinguished morphologically from all other
<collectingCountry id="F34C767C1974BD73FAAEF85BFA22F824" box="[1323,1437,2005,2031]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D6F1977BD70FF12FF16FF58FF7A" box="[151,231,152,177]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Psolidae" genus="Psolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92FEAFE1977BD70FF12FF16FF58FF7A" box="[151,231,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Psolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by a combination of: consistently low vertical profile; absence of discrete oral valves; wide calcareous ventral margin around the sole; irregular thick knobbed rods, plates, and numerous smaller crosslike ossicles and plates around the margin of the sole; rare smooth cross-like ossicles and plates in the central sole; lacking ossicles other than scales dorsally and laterally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>