280 lines
34 KiB
XML
280 lines
34 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="635FED4F128221A388AA9C92B00C665E">An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C7416214E94685BDDF32BDFF39FD1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8273825" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212450201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8273825" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C7416214E94685BDDF32BDFF39FD1E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C7416214E94685BDDF32BDFF39FD1E" lastPageId="178" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14E94686BDDF32BDFE27FB40" box="[151,490,1217,1243]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BDDF32BDFE27FB40" blockId="177.[151,490,1217,1243]" box="[151,490,1217,1243]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BDDF32BDFE27FB40" bold="true" box="[151,490,1217,1243]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BDA632BDFE27FB40" ID-CoL="9G3FL" authority="Chevrolat" authorityName="Chevrolat" box="[238,490,1217,1243]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BDA632BDFEA8FB40" bold="true" box="[238,357,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Micraspis</emphasis>
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Chevrolat
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14E94686BDDF337AFD88FA85" box="[151,581,1286,1310]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BDDF337AFD88FA85" blockId="177.[151,1436,1286,1525]" box="[151,581,1286,1310]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BDDF337AFEA4FA85" ID-CoL="9G3FL" authority="Chevrolat" authorityName="Chevrolat" box="[151,361,1286,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BDDF337AFF31FA86" box="[151,252,1286,1309]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Micraspis</emphasis>
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Chevrolat
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</taxonomicName>
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, in Dejean 1836: 435.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14E94686BF01337AFEF9FAA7" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BF01337AFEF9FAA7" blockId="177.[151,1436,1286,1525]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
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<typeStatus id="54D54ED614E94686BF01337AFDB6FA85" box="[585,635,1286,1310]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BF9F337AFBFCFA85" authority="Fabricius, 1792" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1792" box="[727,1073,1286,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coccinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BF9F337AFC41FA86" box="[727,908,1286,1310]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Coccinella striata</emphasis>
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Fabricius, 1792
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</taxonomicName>
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, by subsequent designation of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686B82D337AFA51FA86" author="Hope, F. W." box="[1381,1436,1286,1309]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref113801" refString="Hope, F. W. (1840) The Coleopterist's Manual, Part the Third, Containing Various Families, Genera, and species of Beetles Recorded by Linnaeus and Fabricius. Also Descriptions of Newly Discovered and Unpublished Insects, London, 191 pp." type="book" year="1840">Hope</bibRefCitation>
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1840: 157.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14E94686BDDF333FFCE3FA6E" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BDDF333FFA87FAC0" blockId="177.[151,1436,1286,1525]" box="[151,1354,1347,1372]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BDDF333FFE6BFAC0" authority="Mulsant, 1850: 343" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityPageNumber="343" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,422,1347,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Alesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BDDF333FFF1BFAC0" box="[151,214,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Alesia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BD95333FFE6BFAC0" author="Mulsant, E." box="[221,422,1347,1371]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 1104" refId="ref117842" refString="Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiees par la Societe nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxieme Serie, 2, 1 - 1104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8953" type="journal article" year="1850">Mulsant, 1850: 343</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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<typeStatus id="54D54ED614E94686BCE73338FE2CFAC7" box="[431,481,1348,1372]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BF76333FFC56FAC0" authority="Fabricius, 1792" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1792" box="[574,923,1347,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coccinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BF76333FFD39FAC0" box="[574,756,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Coccinella striata</emphasis>
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Fabricius, 1792
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</taxonomicName>
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. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686B91E333FFA8BFAC0" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[1110,1350,1347,1371]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref116133" refString="Korschefsky, R. (1932) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 120. Coccinellidae II. W. Junk, Berlin, 435 pp." type="book" year="1932">Korschefsky 1932: 304</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BDDF331EFAD1FAE1" blockId="177.[151,1436,1286,1525]" box="[151,1308,1378,1402]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BDDF331EFE78FAE1" ID-CoL="86BH" authority="Mulsant, 1850: 358" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityPageNumber="358" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,437,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Verania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BDDF331EFF2BFAE2" box="[151,230,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Verania</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BDA4331EFE78FAE1" author="Mulsant, E." box="[236,437,1378,1402]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 1104" refId="ref117842" refString="Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiees par la Societe nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxieme Serie, 2, 1 - 1104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8953" type="journal article" year="1850">Mulsant, 1850: 358</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="54D54ED614E94686BCF6331EFE3DFAE1" box="[446,496,1378,1402]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Type</typeStatus>
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||
species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BF05331EFC7BFAE1" authority="Thunberg, 1781" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1781" box="[589,950,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coccinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="comma">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BF05331EFCC6FAE1" box="[589,779,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Coccinella comma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BE59331EFC7BFAE1" author="Thunberg, C. P." box="[785,950,1378,1402]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref123325" refString="Thunberg, C. P. (1781) Dissertatio Entomologica Novas Insectorum Species, sistens cujus partem primam, Cons. Exper. Facul. Med. Upsal., publice ventilandam exhibent praeses Carol. P. Thunberg, et respondens Samuel Nicol. Casstrom. Joh. Edman, Upsaliae, 28 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12285" type="book" year="1781">Thunberg, 1781</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Synonymized by F̧rsch 1964: 71.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BDDF33FDFE24FA2C" blockId="177.[151,1436,1286,1525]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BDDF33FDFE63FA02" authority="Mulsant, 1850: 129" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityPageNumber="129" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,430,1408,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Cisseis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BDDF33FDFF12FA03" box="[151,223,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Cisseis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BDAD33FCFE63FA02" author="Mulsant, E." box="[229,430,1408,1433]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 1104" refId="ref117842" refString="Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiees par la Societe nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxieme Serie, 2, 1 - 1104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8953" type="journal article" year="1850">Mulsant, 1850: 129</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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<typeStatus id="54D54ED614E94686BCFF33FDFE24FA02" box="[439,489,1409,1433]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Type</typeStatus>
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||
species:
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BF0E33FCFBDDFA03" authority="Guerin-Meneville, 1835" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1835" box="[582,1040,1408,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coccinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcifera">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BF0E33FCFCDFFA02" box="[582,786,1408,1433]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Coccinella furcifera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BE5033FCFBDDFA03" author="Guerin-Meneville, F. E." box="[792,1040,1408,1432]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1829 - 1837" refId="ref113312" refString="Guerin-Meneville, F. E. (1835) Iconographie du Regne Animale de Cuvier. Vol. 2. Insectes. J. B. Balliere, Libraire de l'Academie Royale de Medicine, Paris, 104 pls. [pls. 1829 - 1837, text 1844]" type="journal article" year="1835">Guérin-Méneville, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. Synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686B98333FCFA51FA03" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[1227,1436,1408,1432]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="37 - 75" refId="ref114003" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1979) Genera der Palaarktischen Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer, 75 (1 - 2), 37 - 75." type="journal article" year="1979">Iablokoff-Khnzorian</bibRefCitation>
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||
1979: 72 (junior homonym).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BDDF33C2FC41FA4D" blockId="177.[151,1436,1286,1525]" box="[151,908,1470,1494]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BDDF33C2FE62FA4D" authority="Weise, 1895 b: 153" authorityName="Weise" authorityPageNumber="153" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,431,1470,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Cissella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BDDF33C2FF24FA4D" box="[151,233,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Cissella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BDA733C2FE62FA4D" author="Weise, J." box="[239,431,1470,1494]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="151 - 157" refId="ref124233" refString="Weise, J. (1895 b) Insectes du Bengale. Coccinellidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique du Belgique, 1895, 151 - 157." type="journal article" year="1895">Weise, 1895b: 153</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Replacement name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BFEC33C2FC45FA4D" authority="Mulsant, 1850" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1850" box="[676,904,1470,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Cisseis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BFEC33C2FD21FA4E" box="[676,748,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Cisseis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BFBA33C2FC45FA4D" author="Mulsant, E." box="[754,904,1470,1494]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1 - 1104" refId="ref117842" refString="Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiees par la Societe nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxieme Serie, 2, 1 - 1104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8953" type="journal article" year="1850">Mulsant, 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BDDF33A0FCE3FA6E" blockId="177.[151,1436,1286,1525]" box="[151,814,1500,1525]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BDDF33A0FE30FA6E" authority="Hoang" authorityName="Hoang" box="[151,509,1500,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Mononeda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Paramicraspis">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BDDF33A0FECEFA6F" box="[151,259,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Mononeda</emphasis>
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||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BC5A33A1FE6AFA6F" box="[274,423,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Paramicraspis</emphasis>
|
||
) Hoang
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BF4F33A1FD6BFA6E" author="Kovar, I." box="[519,678,1501,1525]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="1807" refId="ref116365" refString="Kovar, I. (2007) Family Coccinellidae Latreille, 1807. In: L ˆ bl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 4. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 568 - 631." type="book chapter" year="2007">Kovář 2007: 72</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(synonymy).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14E94686BDDF305EFA8EF81A" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BDDF305EFA8EF81A" blockId="177.[151,1437,1570,2029]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BDDF305EFEDFF9A7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1570,1596]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Small to medium sized beetles. Form circular, broad oval, or distinctly elongate oval; dorsum convex, glabrous. Ground colour typically orange, yellow or reddish, with or without spots and other patterns on head, pronotum and elytra. Antenna shorter than head width, slightly longer than frons, with a distinct three-segmented club. Eye canthus narrow, long and prominent, rarely broad and short. Anterior margin of clypeus nearly straight between lateral projections. Scutellar shield very small, less than one-tenth of pronotum, triangular. Prothoracic hypomeron very shallowly depressed, anterolateral corners not foveate. Prosternal intercoxal process with parallel or divergent carinae. Anterior margin of mesoventrite medially distinctly, though shallowly, emarginate. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete, running parallel to posterior margin of ventrite 1, apically not recurved, associated line absent. Tibial spur formula 0-0-0. Tarsal claws appendiculate. Female genitalia with coxites of blade and handle
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D54ED614E94686BDDF311BFF07F81A" box="[151,202,1895,1921]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, spermatheca with ramus and nodulus often not well differentiated, infundibulum present and distinct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14E94686BD8F31F6FC8FF852" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94686BD8F31F6FC8FF852" blockId="177.[151,1437,1570,2029]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BD8F31F6FEACF83F" bold="true" box="[199,353,1930,1956]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BC2231F7FE17F83F" box="[362,474,1931,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BC2231F7FE17F83F" box="[362,474,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Micraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed in the Old World with about 30 known species, distributed in Asia, Africa and the Australian region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BF0631CCFCFAF852" author="Slipinski, A. & Li, J. & Pang, H." box="[590,823,1967,1995]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" refId="ref122780" refString="Slipinski, A., Li, J. & Pang, H. (2020) Ladybird Beetles of the Australo-Pacific Region Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini. CSIRO Publishing, Clayton, Victoria, 240 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9781486303885" type="book" year="2020">
|
||
Ślipiński
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BFF331D3FD21F852" box="[699,748,1967,1993]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14E94685BD8F31AEFB45FDA6" lastPageId="178" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414E94685BD8F31AEFF24FE86" blockId="177.[151,1437,1570,2029]" lastBlockId="178.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="178" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686BD8F31AEFEF0F877" bold="true" box="[199,317,2002,2028]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Affinities.</emphasis>
|
||
In the latest phylogenetic analysis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686BFAA31AFFB69F876" authority=", Tomaszewska et al. (2021)" authorityName="Tomaszewska" authorityYear="2021" box="[738,1188,2003,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Coccinellini">
|
||
Coccinellini,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514E94686BE3031AFFB69F876" author="Tomaszewska, W. & Escalona, H. E. & Hartley, D. & Li, J. & Wang, X. & Li, H. S. & Pang, H. & Slipinski, A. & Zwick, A." box="[888,1188,2003,2029]" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" pagination="611 - 631" refId="ref123461" refString="Tomaszewska, W., Escalona, H. E., Hartley, D., Li, J., Wang, X., Li, H. S., Pang, H., Slipinski, A. & Zwick, A. (2021) Phylogeny of true ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae: Coccinellini) reveals pervasive convergent evolution and a rapid Cenozoic radiation. Systematic Entomology, 46, 611 - 631. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12479" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Tomaszewska
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686B95331AFFB81F876" box="[1051,1100,2003,2029]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recognized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714E94686B86431AFFA51F877" box="[1324,1436,2003,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="177" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614E94686B86431AFFA51F877" box="[1324,1436,2003,2028]" italics="true" pageId="177" pageNumber="178">Micraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Australian-Asian species) as distinct from a paraphyletic series comprising
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BEB136EBFBA4FF2B" box="[1017,1129,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BEB136EBFBA4FF2B" box="[1017,1129,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Micraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of Africa and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414EA4685B84736EBFA55FF2A" box="[1295,1432,151,177]" name="Madagascar" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BDDF36C7FE77FF4E" authority="Crotch 1874" authorityName="Crotch" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,442,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Xanthadalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BDDF36C7FEECFF4E" box="[151,289,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Xanthadalia</emphasis>
|
||
Crotch 1874
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BCBE36C7FDB7FF4E" box="[502,634,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Declivittata</emphasis>
|
||
F̧rsch 1964. All these genera along with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685B92336C7FAA7FF4E" authority="Weise 1898" authorityName="Weise" authorityYear="1898" box="[1131,1386,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Protothea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685B92336C7FB17FF4E" box="[1131,1242,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Protothea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514EA4685B9AC36C7FAA7FF4E" author="Weise, J." box="[1252,1386,187,213]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" pagination="225 - 238" refId="ref124297" refString="Weise, J. (1898) Ueber bekannte und neue Coccinelliden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Band I, 64, 225 - 238." type="journal article" year="1898">Weise 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BDDF36A3FDFDFF62" authority="Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1982" authorityName="Iablokoff-Khnzorian" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,560,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Anegleis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BDDF36A3FF3AFF62" box="[151,247,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Anegleis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514EA4685BC4C36A3FDFDFF62" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[260,560,223,249]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" refId="ref114042" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1982) Les Coccinelles Coleopteres-Coccinellidae. Tribu Coccinellini des regions Palearctique et Orientale. Boubee, Paris, 568 pp. [in French]" type="book" year="1982">Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were included in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BE7636A3FC7AFF62" box="[830,951,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coccinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BE7636A3FC7AFF62" box="[830,951,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Coccinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of genera by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514EA4685B9FD36A3FF28FE86" author="Tomaszewska, W. & Escalona, H. E. & Hartley, D. & Li, J. & Wang, X. & Li, H. S. & Pang, H. & Slipinski, A. & Zwick, A." pageId="178" pageNumber="179" pagination="611 - 631" refId="ref123461" refString="Tomaszewska, W., Escalona, H. E., Hartley, D., Li, J., Wang, X., Li, H. S., Pang, H., Slipinski, A. & Zwick, A. (2021) Phylogeny of true ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae: Coccinellini) reveals pervasive convergent evolution and a rapid Cenozoic radiation. Systematic Entomology, 46, 611 - 631. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12479" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Tomaszewska
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685B81736A3FA50FF62" box="[1375,1437,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414EA4685BD8F375BFB45FDA6" blockId="178.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BD8F375BFEDCFEDA" bold="true" box="[199,273,295,321]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
There are some anomalies in the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BE05375BFC70FEDB" box="[845,957,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BE05375BFC70FEDB" box="[845,957,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Micraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by various workers.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514EA4685B9F0375BFA9DFEDA" author="Sasaji, H." box="[1208,1360,295,321]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" refId="ref121158" refString="Sasaji, H. (1971) Fauna Japonica. Coccinellidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). Academic Press of Japan, Tokyo, 340 pp." type="book" year="1971">Sasaji (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in his diagnostic account of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BCD43737FDC1FEFF" box="[412,524,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BCD43737FDC1FEFF" box="[412,524,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Micraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mentioned that middle and hind tibiae have a pair of apical spurs, however,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514EA4685BDDF370CFE83FE12" author="Slipinski, A." box="[151,334,367,395]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" refId="ref122747" refString="Slipinski, A. (2007) Australian ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Their biology and classification. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, xviii + 286 pp." type="book" year="2007">Ślipiński (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that tibial spurs are absent. But
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514EA4685BE42370CFBCFFE12" author="Slipinski, A. & Li, J. & Pang, H." box="[778,1026,367,395]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" refId="ref122780" refString="Slipinski, A., Li, J. & Pang, H. (2020) Ladybird Beetles of the Australo-Pacific Region Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini. CSIRO Publishing, Clayton, Victoria, 240 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9781486303885" type="book" year="2020">
|
||
Ślipiński
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BE3E3713FC65FE12" box="[886,936,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in their revision of Australo-Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BDDF37EFFEEDFE36" box="[151,288,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Coccinellini">Coccinellini</taxonomicName>
|
||
mentioned that tibial spur formula in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BF8637EFFCF3FE37" box="[718,830,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BF8637EFFCF3FE37" box="[718,830,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Micraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was 0-2-2. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514EA4685B97037EFFAAAFE36" author="Tomaszewska, W. & Escalona, H. E. & Hartley, D. & Li, J. & Wang, X. & Li, H. S. & Pang, H. & Slipinski, A. & Zwick, A." box="[1080,1383,403,429]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" pagination="611 - 631" refId="ref123461" refString="Tomaszewska, W., Escalona, H. E., Hartley, D., Li, J., Wang, X., Li, H. S., Pang, H., Slipinski, A. & Zwick, A. (2021) Phylogeny of true ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae: Coccinellini) reveals pervasive convergent evolution and a rapid Cenozoic radiation. Systematic Entomology, 46, 611 - 631. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12479" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Tomaszewska
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685B99437EFFAD8FE36" box="[1244,1301,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also mentioned about the lack of tibial spurs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BF3C37CBFCD4FE4A" box="[628,793,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BF3C37CBFD29FE4B" box="[628,740,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Micraspis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514EA4685BE6837C4FBDEFE4A" author="Slipinski, A. & Li, J. & Pang, H." box="[800,1043,439,467]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" refId="ref122780" refString="Slipinski, A., Li, J. & Pang, H. (2020) Ladybird Beetles of the Australo-Pacific Region Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini. CSIRO Publishing, Clayton, Victoria, 240 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9781486303885" type="book" year="2020">
|
||
Ślipiński
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BEC237CBFC0FFE4A" box="[906,962,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also stated that the anterior margin of mesoventrite in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714EA4685BC2F37A7FE1AFE6F" box="[359,471,475,500]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Micraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BC2F37A7FE1AFE6F" box="[359,471,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Micraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was straight and a ‘usually distinct’ oblique postcoxal line was present. However, in all the Indian species studied, anterior margin of the mesoventrite is distinctly albeit shallowly emarginate, tibial spur formula is 0-0-0 and the abdominal postcoxal line does not have an associate oblique line.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14EA4685BD8F343BFF39FD1E" pageId="178" pageNumber="179" type="taxon_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414EA4685BD8F343BFF39FD1E" blockId="178.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614EA4685BD8F343BFE5EFDFB" bold="true" box="[199,403,582,609]" pageId="178" pageNumber="179">Included species.</emphasis>
|
||
Seven species are known from the Indian subcontinent, most of them associated with rice paddies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |