278 lines
34 KiB
XML
278 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="CC3E6EED382E26112D9FBE261AFED1D9" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5043.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5531958" ID-ZooBank="51F1E65D-E5CF-4D2F-93DE-DC64507F8603" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1632752098661" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Johnston, Nikolas P., Wallman, James F., Szpila, Krzysztof & Pape, Thomas" docDate="2021" docId="03A1CC39AC22FFE45EC5FABD1A2CFB6D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5043.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5043 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5043.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Protomiltogramma laticeps Malloch. I 1930" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FF98B441AC33FFF75E52FFAB182EFF84" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy reveals remarkable diversity in Australian Protomiltogramma (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1699415761683" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="A69D445F133A400127B087C2033BF9B7">Integrative taxonomy reveals remarkable diversity in Australian Protomiltogramma (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D83D431B45BAE8D90BE87338D05FF537">Johnston, Nikolas P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6CB9B0E3ED80BC590023901D08A23B02" type="email">zpila@umk.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4C062FC46B59AA51A19108961FC6BD65">Wallman, James F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4CA53BE4BAC8FB3DE48F04107E642FAA">Szpila, Krzysztof</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="068611F8FC851BD8AC52CB0D936FE6ED">Pape, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="492651102CAF18FE1B7FEA2275B1EF52" type="email">tpape@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="BFEF08C7A484195AFE20CFA50F821ED0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0F4151D18C4141CAC54F9F8F03AB1A71">
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<mods:date id="E3D0AFB91A13746A8B875ABFA495CF62">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C5DD5CC3FA4ACE88D3F4C6F34AF1467D">2021-09-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1F10859DA280DDEC7BE9A54810E2DD43">5043</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03A1CC39AC22FFE45EC5FABD1A2CFB6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5531986" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5531986" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A1CC39AC22FFE45EC5FABD1A2CFB6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A1CC39AC22FFE45EC5FABD1A2CFB6D" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="C3122EA4AC22FFE65EC5FABD1A60FAB5" box="[151,590,1302,1329]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC22FFE65EC5FABD1A60FAB5" blockId="17.[151,590,1302,1365]" box="[151,590,1302,1329]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="D0FFCA43AC22FFE65EC5FABD1A60FAB5" bold="true" box="[151,590,1302,1329]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC22FFE65EC5FABD1A60FAB5" ID-CoL="6VZ77" authority="Malloch" authorityName="Malloch. I" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,590,1302,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticeps">
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<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65EC5FABD1A60FAB5" bold="true" box="[151,590,1302,1329]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65EC5FABD19F1FAB5" bold="true" box="[151,479,1302,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protomiltogramma laticeps</emphasis>
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Malloch
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3122EA4AC22FFE65EC5FA901983FAD1" box="[151,429,1338,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC22FFE65EC5FA901983FAD1" blockId="17.[151,590,1302,1365]" box="[151,429,1338,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133361AAAC22FFE65ECDFA9018C6FAD1" box="[159,232,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@18.[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Protomiltogramma laticeps Malloch, male, Kalbarri National Park, NT, 17.xii.2015, N.P. Johnston, J.F. Wallman and K. Szpila (ANIC). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, lateral view. C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Abdomen, dorsal view. F. Head anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5531980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5531980/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figs
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3C1BE8AC22FFE65E8AFA9018C6FAD1" box="[216,232,1339,1365]" degrees="7, 15" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" precision="555" value="7.15">7</geoCoordinate>
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133361AAAC22FFE65EA6FA91196BFAD1" box="[244,325,1338,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[193,1405,182,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[181,1406,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 15. Protomiltogramma spp., male terminalia. A–D. Protomiltogramma kapnos sp. n. E–H. Protomiltogramma laticeps Malloch. I–L. Protomiltogramma nigrisensa sp. n. M–P. Protomiltogramma nigriseta (Baranov). Abbreviations: c = cercus, s = surstylus and p = acrophallus. Scale bars = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5532012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5532012/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">15E–H</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133361AAAC22FFE65F03FA90198BFAD1" box="[337,421,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="98.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,526,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-192@98.[151,1436,525,1740]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 17. Protomiltogramma laticeps Malloch, morphological variation. A–B. Morphotype with reduced frontal vitta. C–D. “True laticeps” morphotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5532018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5532018/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">17A–D</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3122EA4AC22FFE65EC5FAD41C0FFA32" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC22FFE65EC5FAD41BAAFA13" blockId="17.[151,1057,1407,1462]" box="[151,900,1407,1431]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB185A01AC22FFE65EC5FAD41BAAFA13" box="[151,900,1407,1431]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA95B3EAC22FFE65EC5FAD41A50FA13" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[151,638,1407,1431]" page="446" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1930">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC22FFE65EC5FAD41A50FA13" ID-CoL="6VZ77" authority="Malloch, 1930: 446" authorityName="Malloch. I" authorityPageNumber="446" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,638,1407,1431]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticeps">
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<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65EC5FAD41980FA13" box="[151,430,1407,1431]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protomiltogramma laticeps</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9900DEAC22FFE65FE6FAD41A50FA13" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[436,638,1407,1431]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="429 - 450" refId="ref63855" refString="Malloch, J. R. (1930) Notes on Australian Diptera. XXV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 55, 429 - 450." type="journal article" year="1930">Malloch, 1930: 446</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
. Sydney, NSW,
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<collectingCountry id="F31F3DBFAC22FFE65D72FAD41BAEFA13" box="[800,896,1407,1431]" name="Australia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC22FFE65EC5FA351C0FFA32" blockId="17.[151,1057,1407,1462]" box="[151,1057,1437,1462]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB185A01AC22FFE65EC5FA351C0FFA32" box="[151,1057,1437,1462]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA95B3EAC22FFE65EC5FA351A56FA32" author="Verves, Yu. G." box="[151,632,1438,1462]" page="663" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1987">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC22FFE65EC5FA351A56FA32" ID-CoL="4N63V" authority="Verves, 1987: 663" authorityName="Verves" authorityPageNumber="663" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,632,1438,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mallochi">
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<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65EC5FA351996FA32" box="[151,440,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protomiltogramma mallochi</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9900DEAC22FFE65FECFA351A56FA32" author="Verves, Yu. G." box="[446,632,1438,1462]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="653 - 668" refId="ref64788" refString="Verves, Yu. G. (1987) Sarcophagidae (Diptera), Collected by V. F. Zaitev and G. M. Dlusskij in Australia and Oceania. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 66, 653 - 668." type="journal article" year="1987">Verves, 1987: 663</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Black Mountain, ACT,
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<collectingCountry id="F31F3DBFAC22FFE65D3FFA351BE3FA32" box="[877,973,1438,1462]" name="Australia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Australia</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65D85FA361C0FFA32" bold="true" box="[983,1057,1437,1462]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Syn. n.</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3122EA4AC22FFE65EC5FA4F1B53F90A" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC22FFE65EC5FA4F1B53F90A" blockId="17.[151,1437,1508,2039]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65EC5FA4F193CFA7A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1508,1534]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Distinguished from other Australian
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC22FFE65CE0FA4F1BA6FA7A" box="[690,904,1508,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65CE0FA4F1BA6FA7A" box="[690,904,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protomiltogramma</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
through the combination of: patches of orangebrown laterally on T1+2 and T3, arista completely black, 1st flagellomere yellow-orange and 3x the length of the pedicel and thorax with silver-white microtomentum. Males of this species often have fumose wings, with a characteristic patch beginning at the r-m crossvein, ending at vein M and covering region from veins C to CuA
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||
<subScript id="178C7F6AAC22FFE65BDEF9C91DBAF9F4" attach="left" box="[1420,1428,1634,1648]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
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||
; however, this darkened area can be weak or absent in some males.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C3122EA4AC22FFE65E95F9331AA5F97E" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC22FFE65E95F93318F4F952" blockId="17.[151,1437,1508,2039]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65E95F93319DDF936" bold="true" box="[199,499,1688,1714]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type material examined.</emphasis>
|
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<materialsCitation id="3B607772AC22FFE65FA9F93218FAF952" collectingDate="1923-10-24" collectionCode="AM" collectorName="E. W. Ferguson" country="Australia" location="Sydney" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCount id="9D0EB6A6AC22FFE65FA9F9321A3DF937" box="[507,531,1689,1715]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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:
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<location id="8ED72BF4AC22FFE65C73F9331A58F936" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A1CC39AC22FFE45EC5FABD1A2CFB6D:8ED72BF4AC22FFE65C73F9331A58F936" box="[545,630,1688,1714]" country="Australia" name="Sydney" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sydney</location>
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, NSW,
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<collectingCountry id="F31F3DBFAC22FFE65C9FF9331B19F936" box="[717,823,1688,1714]" name="Australia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Australia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="FFB65BEFAC22FFE65D11F9331B9BF936" box="[835,949,1688,1714]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1923-10-24">
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<collectingDate id="EFF2A207AC22FFE65D11F9331B9BF936" box="[835,949,1688,1714]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1923-10-24">24.x.1923</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="26FD18F9AC22FFE65D91F9321C45F937" box="[963,1131,1689,1715]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">E.W. Ferguson</collectorName>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED19E5EAAC22FFE65A29F9331C85F936" box="[1147,1195,1688,1714]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
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) [
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<typeStatus id="54B3C38DAC22FFE65A90F9331D09F936" box="[1218,1319,1688,1714]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC22FFE65B02F93218E7F952" authorityName="Malloch. I" authorityYear="1930" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65B02F93218E7F952" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. laticeps</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
]
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC22FFE65E95F94B1AA5F97E" blockId="17.[151,1437,1508,2039]" box="[199,651,1760,1786]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65E95F94B19D2F97E" bold="true" box="[199,508,1760,1786]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Other material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
See
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68A4894AC22FFE65C63F94B1AA9F97E" box="[561,647,1760,1786]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="34.[151,239,465,491]" captionText="TABLE 2. List of Protomiltogramma material examined. Holotypes and paratypes are shaded in grey. All specimens are from Australia unless otherwise indicated. Detailed specimen label data is presented. Specimens are in alphabetical order of species, then in alphabetical order of depository, then in ascending order of collection date. Label data are given verbatim, except for Australian state names, which have been given standardised acronyms throughout, and location coordinates, which have been placed inside parentheses. Label data include locality (with type of habitat, flower visited or similar information in brackets), GPS coordinates of location (when available), date of collection and collector(s). Specimen depository is indicated by the following acronyms under the code header: AM = Australian Museum, Sydney; ANIC = Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra; NHMD = Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen; NMHUK = Natural History Museum, London, UK; NMNH = Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA; QM = Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Specimens collected during this revision were also given a unique code, which is not a depository: FLC = University of Wollongong “Fly Library Code”. “*” indicates that the sex was not identified." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3122EA4AC22FFE45E95F8AF1CACFCD9" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC22FFE65E95F8AF1AC4F89A" blockId="17.[151,1437,1508,2039]" box="[199,746,1796,1823]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65E95F8AF195BF89A" bold="true" box="[199,373,1796,1822]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length:
|
||
<quantity id="4CF0D0CAAC22FFE65C46F8AF1A51F89B" box="[532,639,1796,1823]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65CF6F8AE1A99F89A" box="[676,695,1797,1822]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">=</emphasis>
|
||
30).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC22FFE45E95F8831C5BFF51" blockId="17.[151,1437,1508,2039]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,1257]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC22FFE65E95F8831926F8C6" box="[199,264,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133361AAAC22FFE65F0FF88319D5F8C7" box="[349,507,1832,1859]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@18.[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Protomiltogramma laticeps Malloch, male, Kalbarri National Park, NT, 17.xii.2015, N.P. Johnston, J.F. Wallman and K. Szpila (ANIC). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, lateral view. C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Abdomen, dorsal view. F. Head anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5531980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5531980/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 7B, D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frontal vitta yellow-white, ranging from entirely absent to 0.2 of head width at height of anterior ocellus; fronto-orbital plate with white-silver microtomentum (rarely yellow-white or gold); 2 proclinate FO setae, 1 reclinate FO seta; ocellar setae weaker than reclinate FO setae; 9–10 frontal setae; 3rd aristomere black, not tapering and the same length as 1st flagellomere; 1st flagellomere yellow-orange and 3x longer than pedicel; pedicel setose, with a single strong seta and multiple weak setulae; scape without setae; parafacial plate width equal to distance between antennal insertion and eye margin, setose with white setulae; gena and post gena grey with black setae; genal groove and facial ridge identical in colour to parafacial plate; vibrissa located midway between tip of 1st flagellomere and lower facial margin; 2 supra-vibrissal setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF772DA7AC21FFE55EC5F83C1AD5F873" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5531980" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5531980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5531980/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[179,1409,181,1920]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC21FFE55EC5F83C1AD5F873" blockId="18.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC21FFE55EC5F83C193AF834" bold="true" box="[151,276,1943,1968]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC21FFE55F49F8331ABFF834" authority="Malloch" authorityName="Malloch. I" authorityYear="1930" box="[283,657,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC21FFE55F49F8331A1DF834" box="[283,563,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Protomiltogramma laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
Malloch
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male, Kalbarri National Park, NT, 17.xii.2015, N.P. Johnston, J.F. Wallman and K. Szpila (ANIC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC21FFE55FD1F81019B5F857" bold="true" box="[387,411,1979,2003]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC21FFE55CD2F8171AB9F850" bold="true" box="[640,663,1980,2004]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Head, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC21FFE55D30F8101B54F857" bold="true" box="[866,890,1979,2003]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC21FFE55A0FF8171C58F850" bold="true" box="[1117,1142,1980,2004]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Head, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC21FFE55B6DF8171D78F850" bold="true" box="[1343,1366,1980,2004]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdomen, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC21FFE55F02F84B194DF87C" bold="true" box="[336,355,2016,2040]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Head anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC20FFE45E95FF741A23FD9D" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Thorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133361AAAC20FFE45F79FF741982FF7D" box="[299,428,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@18.[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Protomiltogramma laticeps Malloch, male, Kalbarri National Park, NT, 17.xii.2015, N.P. Johnston, J.F. Wallman and K. Szpila (ANIC). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, lateral view. C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Abdomen, dorsal view. F. Head anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5531980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5531980/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsum dark grey with silver microtomentum anteriorly; a major median, two major lateral and two minor lateral stripes (mediad to major lateral stripes and approximately half their width); major lateral stripes ending at anterior margin of scutellum; major median and minor lateral stripes ending just posterior to suture; scutellum with some darkening on lateral margins; notopleuron with two strong setae; proepisternum bare; katepisternal setae 1+2, numerous weaker setae covering entire katepisternum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45A45FEC41C62FE0C" box="[1047,1100,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: black; fore-tarsal claws 0.75 length of tarsomere 5; pulvilli 0.5 length of tarsal claws; mid tibia with 1 AD, 2 PD and 1 V setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45AB7FE381D31FE28" box="[1253,1311,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
: fumose in distinct region beginning at r-m crossvein and ending at vein M and covering region from veins C to CuA
|
||
<subScript id="178C7F6AAC20FFE45B4DFE621D09FE53" attach="left" box="[1311,1319,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</subScript>
|
||
(darkened area weak in some specimens, rarely absent); tegula black; basicosta yellow-brown; dorsal surface of vein R
|
||
<subScript id="178C7F6AAC20FFE45B04FE461D70FE7F" attach="left" box="[1366,1374,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</subScript>
|
||
bare, R
|
||
<subScript id="178C7F6AAC20FFE45EF8FDBA18EAFD9B" attach="left" box="[170,196,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4+5</subScript>
|
||
with a patch of setae basally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC20FFE45E95FD881A62FCBD" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133361AAAC20FFE45F1AFD8819C2FDB9" box="[328,492,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@18.[179,1409,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Protomiltogramma laticeps Malloch, male, Kalbarri National Park, NT, 17.xii.2015, N.P. Johnston, J.F. Wallman and K. Szpila (ANIC). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, lateral view. C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Abdomen, dorsal view. F. Head anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5531980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5531980/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 7A, C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dark brown with gold microtomentum on anterior margins of T3–5 (occupying approximately 0.3 of each tergite); median stripe absent, but microtomentum weaker medially, in a triangular pattern, on T3–T5; reddish-brown patch present on lateral regions of T1+2 and T3; backward and up-curved setae present on T5 and well developed.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45C7CFD241A86FD2D" box="[558,680,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133361AAAC20FFE45CE8FD241B6BFD2D" box="[698,837,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[193,1405,182,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[181,1406,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 15. Protomiltogramma spp., male terminalia. A–D. Protomiltogramma kapnos sp. n. E–H. Protomiltogramma laticeps Malloch. I–L. Protomiltogramma nigrisensa sp. n. M–P. Protomiltogramma nigriseta (Baranov). Abbreviations: c = cercus, s = surstylus and p = acrophallus. Scale bars = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5532012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5532012/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 15E–H</figureCitation>
|
||
): cercus (lateral view) broad at base and tapering to a fine, hooked point, setose on dorsal surface. Cerci (posterior view) parallel and fused on basal 0.5, separate on distal 0.5; surstylus (lateral view) longer than cerci, with distinct lobe on posterior margin. Surstyli (posterior view) curved inwards towards cerci; acrophallus thin and needle-like, approximately 1.5x length of cercus (in rare cases up to 2x), with proximal sclerotisation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC20FFE45E95FCE81CACFCD9" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1257]" box="[199,1154,835,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45E95FCE81935FCD9" box="[199,283,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. As male, except microtomentum dorsally on head and thorax is always gold.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3122EA4AC20FFE45E95FCCD1D02FC4D" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC20FFE45E95FCCD1D02FC4D" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45E95FCCD1909FC04" bold="true" box="[199,295,870,896]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Males were collected while perching on sticks and rocks on loose sandy trails. Females were also collected in similar situations, but showed a preference for perching near the entrances of insect nests constructed in the ground (primarily hymenopteran). Male specimens were also caught while congregating on a hilltop.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3122EA4AC20FFE45E95FC791C47FC69" box="[199,1129,978,1007]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC20FFE45E95FC791C47FC69" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1257]" box="[199,1129,978,1007]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45E95FC79194FFC68" bold="true" box="[199,353,978,1004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Australasia—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F3DBFAC20FFE45C52FC781A49FC69" box="[512,615,979,1005]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(ACT, NSW, NT, QLD, SA, TAS, VIC, WA).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3122EA4AC20FFE45E95FC5C1A2CFB6D" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB77D2FAC20FFE45E95FC5C1A2CFB6D" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45E95FC5C1915FB95" bold="true" box="[199,315,1015,1041]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The darkened area on the male wing vary significantly, from hyaline to strongly fumose. In addition, the colour of the microtomentum on the head (when viewed dorsally) vary from silver-white to gold. The morphotype with gold microtomentum was previously described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9900DEAC20FFE45D89FB941C55FBDD" author="Verves, Yu. G." box="[987,1147,1087,1113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="653 - 668" refId="ref64788" refString="Verves, Yu. G. (1987) Sarcophagidae (Diptera), Collected by V. F. Zaitev and G. M. Dlusskij in Australia and Oceania. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 66, 653 - 668." type="journal article" year="1987">Verves (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC20FFE45AF7FB941D0AFBDD" authorityName="Verves" authorityYear="1987" box="[1189,1316,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mallochi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45AF7FB941D0AFBDD" box="[1189,1316,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. mallochi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but DNA barcoding in conjunction with examination of the male terminalia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9900DEAC20FFE45D2BFBC81C27FBF9" author="Verves, Yu. G." box="[889,1033,1123,1149]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="653 - 668" refId="ref64788" refString="Verves, Yu. G. (1987) Sarcophagidae (Diptera), Collected by V. F. Zaitev and G. M. Dlusskij in Australia and Oceania. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 66, 653 - 668." type="journal article" year="1987">Verves 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 21–22) suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC20FFE45B72FBC81DB2FBF9" authorityName="Verves" authorityYear="1987" box="[1312,1436,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mallochi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45B72FBC81DB2FBF9" box="[1312,1436,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. mallochi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in fact a morphotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC20FFE45F94FB2C1A14FB25" authorityName="Malloch. I" authorityYear="1930" box="[454,570,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45F94FB2C1A14FB25" box="[454,570,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and as such is here revised as a junior synonym of that species. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0806ACAC20FFE45EE5FB001905FB41" authorityName="Malloch. I" authorityYear="1930" box="[183,299,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Protomiltogramma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CA13DAC20FFE45EE5FB001905FB41" box="[183,299,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also show variation in the width of the frontal vitta, ranging from 0.2 of head width to frontal vitta completely obliterated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133361AAAC20FFE45FF0FB6419DBFB6D" box="[418,501,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="98.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,526,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-192@98.[151,1436,525,1740]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 17. Protomiltogramma laticeps Malloch, morphological variation. A–B. Morphotype with reduced frontal vitta. C–D. “True laticeps” morphotype. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5532018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5532018/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |