241 lines
26 KiB
XML
241 lines
26 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="7305C91998AA437E3047A7824FFEF9D5">Volutidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Lakhra Formation (Earliest Eocene, Sindh, Pakistan): systematics, biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A087E00E5DFFA6FF7FFEABFE1AFA35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6137846" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119509261" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6137846" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A087E00E5DFFA6FF7FFEABFE1AFA35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A087E00E5DFFA6FF7FFEABFE1AFA35" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
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<subSubSection id="C313657D0E5DFFA6FF7FFEABFECFFE2B" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB636F60E5DFFA6FF7FFEABFD26FEF4" blockId="20.[151,764,325,384]" box="[151,764,325,351]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
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<heading id="D0FE819A0E5DFFA6FF7FFEABFD26FEF4" bold="true" box="[151,764,325,351]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FF7FFEABFD26FEF4" authority="Vredenburg, 1923" authorityName="Vredenburg" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,764,325,351]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae" subGenus="Volutocorbis">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF7FFEABFD26FEF4" bold="true" box="[151,764,325,351]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF7FFEABFDCFFEF4" bold="true" box="[151,533,325,351]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Athleta (Volutocorbis) eugeniae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FDF4FEABFD26FEF4" author="Vredenburg" box="[540,764,325,351]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Vredenburg, E. W. (1923) Indian Tertiary Gastropoda, IV. Olividae, Harpidae, Marginellidae, Volutidae and Mitridae, with comparative diagnosis of new species. Records of the Geological Survey of India, 54, 243 - 276." type="journal article" year="1923">Vredenburg, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB636F60E5DFFA6FF7FFE89FECFFE2B" blockId="20.[151,764,325,384]" box="[151,277,359,384]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13322A730E5DFFA6FF77FE89FF3AFE2B" box="[159,224,359,384]" captionStart="FIGURE 8. A – D" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[228,1355,195,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[228,1355,195,1853]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. A – D. Athleta (Volutopupa) citharopsis sp. nov., A – B (holotype, CPAG. RAN. I. 25, ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views, stn 4), C (paratype 1, CPAG. RAN. I. 26, dorsal view, stn 4), D (paratype 2, CPAG. RAN. I. 27, enlarged view of the spire, stn 4); E – J. Athleta (Volutocorbis) eugeniae Vredenburg, 1923, E – F (CPAG. RAN. I. 29, dorsal view (E) and enlarged view of the spire (F), stn 4), G – H (CPAG. RAN. I. 28, dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views, stn 4), I – J (CPAG. RAN. I. 30, dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views, stn 4). Scale bars: A – E, G – J = 10 mm; F = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/228545/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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E–J)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C313657D0E5DFFA6FF7FFE5EFCF3FDEB" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB636F60E5DFFA6FF7FFE5EFCAEFE6D" blockId="20.[151,1325,432,576]" box="[151,884,432,454]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FF7FFE5EFD16FE6D" authority="Vredenburg, 1923: 259" authorityName="Vredenburg" authorityPageNumber="259" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,716,432,454]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae" subGenus="Volutocorbis">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF7FFE5EFE02FE6D" box="[151,472,432,454]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Athleta (Volutocorbis) eugeniae</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA810E70E5DFFA6FE37FE5EFD16FE6D" author="Vredenburg" box="[479,716,432,454]" page="259" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" year="1923">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FE37FE5EFD43FE6D" author="Vredenburg" box="[479,665,432,454]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Vredenburg, E. W. (1923) Indian Tertiary Gastropoda, IV. Olividae, Harpidae, Marginellidae, Volutidae and Mitridae, with comparative diagnosis of new species. Records of the Geological Survey of India, 54, 243 - 276." type="journal article" year="1923">Vredenburg, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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: 259
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 15, figs 5, 7.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB636F60E5DFFA6FF7FFE20FCF8FDA8" blockId="20.[151,1325,432,576]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FF7FFE20FE8BFE4F" box="[151,337,462,484]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Volutospina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sykesi">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF7FFE20FE8BFE4F" box="[151,337,462,484]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Volutospina sykesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(non
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FE64FE20FCF8FE4F" authority="d'Archiac & Haime, 1853" authorityName="d'Archiac & Haime" authorityYear="1853" box="[396,802,462,484]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Voluta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sykesi">
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FE64FE20FDD5FE4F" box="[396,527,462,484]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Voluta sykesi</emphasis>
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d’Archiac & Haime, 1853
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</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA810E70E5DFFA6FCDBFE20FBACFE4F" author="Cossmann" box="[819,1142,462,484]" page="23" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" year="1909">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FCDBFE20FB88FE4F" author="Cossmann" box="[819,1106,462,484]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Cossmann, M. & Pissarro, G. (1909) The Mollusca of the Ranikot Series. Part 1, Cephalopoda and Gastropoda. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica, New Series, 3 (1), 1 - 83." type="journal article" year="1909">Cossmann & Pissarro, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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: 23
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 2, figs 32–33.
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||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF7FFE03FE3AFDA8" box="[151,480,493,515]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FF7FFE03FE06FDA8" box="[151,476,493,515]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae" subGenus="Volutocorbis">Athleta (Volutocorbis) eugeniae</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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</emphasis>
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||
Cotter
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||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FDC3FE00FDE5FDA8" box="[555,575,494,515]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">in</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA810E70E5DFFA6FDADFE03FCC4FDA8" author="Vredenburg" box="[581,798,493,515]" page="36" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" year="1928">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FDADFE03FD22FDA8" author="Vredenburg" box="[581,760,493,515]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Vredenburg, E. W. (1928) A supplement to the Mollusca of the Ranikot Series. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica, New Series, 10 (4), 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="1928">Vredenburg 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 36
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BB636F60E5DFFA6FF7FFDE2FCF3FDEB" blockId="20.[151,1325,432,576]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1911D80E5DFFA6FF7FFDE2FCF3FDEB" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
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<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FF7FFDE2FEA2FD89" box="[151,376,524,546]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Volutocorbis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF7FFDE2FEA2FD89" box="[151,376,524,546]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Volutocorbis eugeniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA810E70E5DFFA6FE6DFDE2FDF5FD89" author="Glibert" box="[389,559,524,546]" page="49" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" year="1960">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FE6DFDE2FDD3FD89" author="Glibert" box="[389,521,524,546]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Glibert, M. (1960) Les Volutacea fossiles du Cenozoique etranger des collections de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Memoires de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 2 eme Serie, 61, 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1960">Glibert 1960</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 49
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; Ibbal 1972: 63, pl. 18, figs 5–6, pl. 20, figs 10–11 [new combination].
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FF7FFDC4FEA2FDEB" box="[151,376,554,576]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Volutocorbis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="engeniae">
|
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<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF7FFDC4FEA2FDEB" box="[151,376,554,576]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Volutocorbis engeniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA810E70E5DFFA6FE6DFDC4FDC2FDEB" author="Iqbal" box="[389,536,554,576]" page="60" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" year="1969">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FE6DFDC4FE2FFDEB" author="Iqbal" box="[389,501,554,576]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Iqbal, M. W. A. (1969) Bibliography of Tertiary pelecypod and gastropod species of W. Pakistan. Records of the Geological Survey of Pakistan, 18, 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="1969">Iqbal 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 60
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(misspelling of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FD56FDC5FCC3FDEB" box="[702,793,555,576]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Volutocorbis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FD56FDC5FCC3FDEB" box="[702,793,555,576]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">eugeniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C313657D0E5DFFA6FF7FFD83FF2EFB9D" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636F60E5DFFA6FF7FFD83FF2EFB9D" blockId="20.[151,1437,621,1438]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF7FFD83FEF3FD2D" bold="true" box="[151,297,621,646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Shell biconic, slightly fusiform, H 30–38, D
|
||
<quantity id="4CF19B130E5DFFA6FCD6FD83FC64FD2E" box="[830,958,621,646]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Protoconch conical, multispiral, of three whorls. Teleoconch of 5 to 5.5 whorls. Spire moderately high, occupying 18% of total shell height. Spire whorls weakly convex, last whorl oval. Spiral sculpture on spire consisting of first row of subsutural nodules, becoming more developed and slightly spiny on penultimate whorl (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13322A730E5DFFA6FCD1FD37FCA5FD59" box="[825,895,729,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 8. A – D" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[228,1355,195,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[228,1355,195,1853]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. A – D. Athleta (Volutopupa) citharopsis sp. nov., A – B (holotype, CPAG. RAN. I. 25, ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views, stn 4), C (paratype 1, CPAG. RAN. I. 26, dorsal view, stn 4), D (paratype 2, CPAG. RAN. I. 27, enlarged view of the spire, stn 4); E – J. Athleta (Volutocorbis) eugeniae Vredenburg, 1923, E – F (CPAG. RAN. I. 29, dorsal view (E) and enlarged view of the spire (F), stn 4), G – H (CPAG. RAN. I. 28, dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views, stn 4), I – J (CPAG. RAN. I. 30, dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views, stn 4). Scale bars: A – E, G – J = 10 mm; F = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/228545/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
F); abapically, three rows of nodules including shoulder row, which is weaker than other two. Shoulder row bears spiny nodules on some specimens. On last whorl, spiral sculpture displaying: 1) subsutural row of nodules; 2) shoulder row of nodules spiny on a few specimens, and 3) abapically, 13 rows of nodulose crenulations, becoming less prominent on base. From second to last whorls, costae interrupted by rows of nodules. On last whorl, costae moderately high, cut into prominent, regular, nodulose crenulations by broad spiral grooves. Third whorl: 16 costae; fourth whorl: 13–15 costae; fifth and last whorl: 15–17 costae. Aperture ovate, rather narrow, occupying 55% of total height, 39% of diameter. Inner lip feebly sinuous, columella with one oblique fold succeeded posteriorly by 3 or 4 weak folds; inner lip callus very narrow, not spreading. Outer lip thin, not thickened externally. Siphonal canal slightly elongate; siphonal notch shallow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C313657D0E5DFFA6FF2FFBAFFAE7FBF1" box="[199,1341,1089,1114]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636F60E5DFFA6FF2FFBAFFAE7FBF1" blockId="20.[151,1437,621,1438]" box="[199,1341,1089,1114]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF2FFBAFFEECFBF1" bold="true" box="[199,310,1089,1114]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Material.</emphasis>
|
||
33 spm (stn 4: 3 spm
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED18AE330E5DFFA6FDC6FBACFDA7FBF1" box="[558,637,1090,1114]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">CPAG</collectionCode>
|
||
.RAN.
|
||
<date id="FFB710360E5DFFA6FD2AFBACFCCFFBF1" box="[706,789,1090,1114]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" value="1928-01-30">I.28–30</date>
|
||
, cast
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED18AE330E5DFFA6FCBBFBAFFC76FBF1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[851,940,1089,1114]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
.F.A50366–68 and 30 spm
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED18AE330E5DFFA6FB3FFBACFAE8FBF1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1239,1330,1090,1114]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C313657D0E5DFFA6FF2FFB8BFE1AFA35" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636F60E5DFFA6FF2FFB8BFDA8FAFD" blockId="20.[151,1437,621,1438]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF2FFB8BFE95FBD5" bold="true" box="[199,335,1125,1150]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FDEFFB88FCB9FBD5" author="Cossmann" box="[519,867,1125,1150]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Cossmann, M. & Pissarro, G. (1909) The Mollusca of the Ranikot Series. Part 1, Cephalopoda and Gastropoda. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica, New Series, 3 (1), 1 - 83." type="journal article" year="1909">Cossmann & Pissarro (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FC41FB8BFB52FBD5" author="Vredenburg" box="[937,1160,1125,1150]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Vredenburg, E. W. (1923) Indian Tertiary Gastropoda, IV. Olividae, Harpidae, Marginellidae, Volutidae and Mitridae, with comparative diagnosis of new species. Records of the Geological Survey of India, 54, 243 - 276." type="journal article" year="1923">Vredenburg (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FB74FB8BFF26FB0A" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae" subGenus="Volutocorbis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FB74FB8BFF26FB0A" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Athleta (Volutocorbis) eugeniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FE07FB64FC06FB09" authority="Sowerby, 1840" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1840" box="[495,988,1161,1186]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elevatus" subGenus="Volutocorbis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FE07FB64FCCCFB09" box="[495,790,1161,1186]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">A. (Volutocorbis) elevatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Sowerby, 1840)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Ypresian of northern Europe, particularly in the spiny shape of the subsutural and shoulder nodules. The European species differs in its other adapical spiral elements including flatter cords separated by narrow spiral grooves, producing an imbricate effect, but lacking nodules.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FE6CFB18FD28FAA5" authority="Cossmann, 1923" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1923" box="[388,754,1269,1294]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rouaulti" subGenus="Volutocorbis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FE6CFB18FDF7FAA5" box="[388,557,1269,1294]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">A. (V.) rouaulti</emphasis>
|
||
Cossmann, 1923
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the late Ypresian of southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E76660E5DFFA6FB53FB18FAD2FAA6" box="[1211,1288,1270,1293]" name="France" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
superficially resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FEFDFAF4FE14FA99" box="[277,462,1305,1330]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elevatus" subGenus="Volutocorbis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FEFDFAF4FE14FA99" box="[277,462,1305,1330]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">A. (V.) elevatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C094D750E5DFFA6FDFBFAF4FD0FFA9A" box="[531,725,1306,1329]" class="Gastropoda" family="Volutidae" genus="Athleta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae" subGenus="Volutocorbis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FDFBFAF4FD0FFA9A" box="[531,725,1306,1329]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">A. (V.) eugeniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can easily be distinguished by its subsutural nodules disappearing progressively during growth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB636F60E5DFFA6FF2FFA8FFE1AFA35" blockId="20.[151,1437,621,1438]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DEAE40E5DFFA6FF2FFA8FFE62FAD1" bold="true" box="[199,440,1377,1402]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121">Stratigraphic range.</emphasis>
|
||
Lakhra Formation: Jakhmari, Jhirak (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FC88FA8CFB4CFAD1" author="Cossmann" box="[864,1174,1377,1402]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Cossmann, M. & Pissarro, G. (1909) The Mollusca of the Ranikot Series. Part 1, Cephalopoda and Gastropoda. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica, New Series, 3 (1), 1 - 83." type="journal article" year="1909">Cossmann & Pissarro 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B070E5DFFA6FB49FA8FFABEFAD1" author="Vredenburg" box="[1185,1380,1377,1402]" pageId="20" pageNumber="121" refString="Vredenburg, E. W. (1923) Indian Tertiary Gastropoda, IV. Olividae, Harpidae, Marginellidae, Volutidae and Mitridae, with comparative diagnosis of new species. Records of the Geological Survey of India, 54, 243 - 276." type="journal article" year="1923">Vredenburg 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Lakhra Dome (this paper).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |