283 lines
29 KiB
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283 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.74.9835" ID-PMC="PMC5234548" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-74-35" ID-Pensoft-UUID="263BD366A41AFFD6FF80B7201E00FFBD" ID-PubMed="28127236" ID-Zenodo-Dep="165484" ModsDocID="1314-2003-74-35" checkinTime="1478665680339" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pellegrini, Marco Octavio de Oliveira, Faden, Robert B. & Almeida, Rafael Felipe de" docDate="2016" docId="B55225BB663D5AC98D0689BC8E88C7F6" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 74: 35-78" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 74" docPubDate="2016-11-08" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.74.9835" docTitle="Murdannia schomburgkiana (Kunth) G. Brückn., Nat. Pflanzenfam. (ed. 2) 15 a: 173. 1930." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="263BD366A41AFFD6FF80B7201E00FFBD" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="263BD366A41AFFD6FF80B7201E00FFBD" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Neotropical Murdannia Royle (Commelinaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1668141867892" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of Neotropical Murdannia Royle (Commelinaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pellegrini, Marco Octavio de Oliveira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8783-1362</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Botanica, Rua do Matao 277, CEP 05508 - 900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil & Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leao 915, CEP 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, Department of Botany, MRC 166, P. O. Box 37012, Washington D. C. 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">marcooctavio.pellegrini@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Faden, Robert B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, Department of Botany, MRC 166, P. O. Box 37012, Washington D. C. 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Almeida, Rafael Felipe de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Avenida Transnordestina s / n, Novo Horizonte, CEP 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2016-11-08</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>74</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>35</mods:start>
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<mods:end>78</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.74.9835</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.74.9835</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-74-35</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">263BD366A41AFFD6FF80B7201E00FFBD</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">165484</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182226491" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B55225BB663D5AC98D0689BC8E88C7F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B55225BB663D5AC98D0689BC8E88C7F6" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="56">
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6.
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<taxonomicName LSID="B55225BB-663D-5AC9-8D06-89BC8E88C7F6" authority="(Kunth) G. Brueckn., Nat. Pflanzenfam. (ed. 2) 15 a: 173. 1930." authorityName="(Kunth) G. Brückn., Nat. Pflanzenfam. (ed. 2) 15 a: 173. 1930." class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
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Murdannia schomburgkiana (Kunth) G.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Brückn">Brueckn</normalizedToken>
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., Nat. Pflanzenfam. (ed. 2)15a: 173. 1930.
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Murdannia schomburgkiana (Kunth) G. Brueckn. Isolectotype of Aneilema schomburgkianum (P barcode P 02088026). Photograph courtesy of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.74.9835.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/109955" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Figs 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution map of Neotropical Murdannia Royle. Full circles Murdannia burchellii Full stars Murdannia engelsii Triangles Murdannia gardneri Stars Murdannia paraguayensis Full squares Murdannia schomburgkiana Squares Murdannia semifoliata." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.74.9835.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/109958" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">, 10</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Phaeneilema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeneilema schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="57" start="start">Phaeneilema</pageBreakToken>
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schomburgkiana
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</taxonomicName>
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(Kunth) G.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Brückn">Brueckn</normalizedToken>
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., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10 (91): 56. 1927.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1843" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Aneilema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aneilema schomburgkianum" order="Commelinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkianum">Aneilema schomburgkianum</taxonomicName>
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Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 661. 1843. Lectotype (designated here): GUYANA. s.loc., fl., fr., Oct 1841, R.H. Schomburgk 842 (B barcode B100367820!; isolectotypes: 2 ex BM not found, G barcodes G00176335!, G00176336!, G00176337!, P barcodes P02088026!, P02088027!, TCD barcode TCD0008088!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="22" pageNumber="57" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="57">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="22" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="57">Herbs</emphasis>
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ca. 30.0-65.0 cm tall, perennial, rhizomatous with a definite base, terrestrial to paludal to rooted emergent in open flooded savannas.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="57">Roots</emphasis>
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tuberous, thick and fusiform, medium to dark brown, densely to sparsely pilose with medium to dark brown hairs, emerging from the short rhizome and from the basal nodes.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="57">Rhizomes</emphasis>
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short, brown, buried in the sand or soil.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="57">Stems</emphasis>
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erect, succulent, unbranched; internodes 1.0-11.5 cm long, green to vinaceous, glabrous, sometimes with a line of hyaline eglandular hairs opposite the leaf above.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="57">Leaves</emphasis>
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spirally-alternate, evenly distributed along the stems, sessile, the distal ones gradually smaller than the basal ones; sheaths 0.8-2.2 cm long, green to vinaceous, glabrous, with a line of hyaline, eglandular hairs opposite the leaf above; lamina 2.2-14
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.4-1.0 cm, membranous to succulent, canaliculate, slightly falcate, green on both sides, glaucous, drying olive-green to light green on both sides, linear-elliptic to linear-lanceolate, glabrous, base truncate to rounded, margins light green, glabrous, apex acuminate; midvein slightly conspicuous to inconspicuous, slightly impressed adaxially, slightly obtuse abaxially, secondary veins 2-3-(4) pairs, adaxially inconspicuous to slightly conspicuous, light green, abaxially slightly conspicuous.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="57">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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1-4, terminal or axillary in the uppermost nodes, fascicle-like, composed of 1-2-(3) verticillate cincinni; peduncles absent; basal bract inconspicuous; cincinni bracts 1.6-1.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.3-0.4 cm, tubular, amplexicaul; cincinni 1-flowered, erect, straight, peduncle 1.0-1.9 cm long, light green to pink or vinaceous, glabrous; bracteoles inconspicuous, generally caducous.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="57">Flowers</emphasis>
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bisexual or male, actinomorphic, ca. 1.3-2.3 cm diam.; floral buds ellipsoid, 5.0-5.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-1.8 mm, light green to pink; pedicels 0.6-1.1 cm long, light green to pink to vinaceous, glabrous, erect and elongate in fruit; sepals 6.5-10.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3.2-4.1
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<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="58" start="start">mm</pageBreakToken>
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, triangular to ovate-triangular, cucullate, pink to pinkish brown, glabrous, apex acute, margins hyaline pink to hyaline vinaceous; petals equal, 0.8-1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.8-1.0 cm, obovate to broadly obovate, slightly cucullate, lilac to purple, medially bearded with lilac to purple, moniliform hairs on the adaxial surface, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse; stamens 3, equal, filaments gently curved at the apex, 4.4-5.2 mm long, lilac to purple, densely bearded with moniliform, lilac to purple hairs, hairs slightly shorter than the filaments, anthers elliptic to oblong, 1.7-2.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.6-1.0 mm, connective brown, anthers sacs brownish lilac, pollen brownish lilac; staminodes 3, equal, filaments straight, 4.1-5.0 mm long, pale lilac to lilac, densely bearded with moniliform, lilac to purple hairs, hairs slightly shorter than the filaments, antherodes hastate, 0.9-1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.3-1.7 mm, connective golden yellow, lobes conspicuous, cream-colored to pale yellow; ovary ellipsoid to oblongoid, 1.9-3.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.7-1.3 mm, 3-locular, light green to green, smooth, glabrous, style gently curved at the apex, ca. 4.1-5.4 mm, lilac to purple, stigma capitate, lilac to purple.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Capsules</emphasis>
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5.9-8.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.8-4.6 mm, 3-locular, 3-valved, oblongoid to broadly oblongoid, apiculate due to persistent style, light brown when mature, smooth, glabrous.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Seeds</emphasis>
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(immature) 6 per locule, 2.7-3.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.6-3.1 mm, cuboid to polygonal, slightly cleft towards the embryotega, testa dark brown to greyish brown, densely farinose, scrobiculate, with ridges radiating from the embryotega; embryotega semilateral, relatively inconspicuous, without a prominent apicule, generally covered by a cream farina; hilum linear,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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the length of the seed or smaller, on a weak ridge.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="58" type="specimens seen">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Specimens seen.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="58">BRAZIL. Amazonas</emphasis>
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: Provincia do Rio Negro, Rio Madeira, fl., s.dat., s.leg. s.n. (P barcode P03653202); s.loc., fl., Oct 1894, A.R. Ferreira 755 (K).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="58">GUYANA. Rupununi District</emphasis>
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: foot of Mount Shiriri, fl., 19 Jun 1995, M.J. Jansen-Jacobs et al. 4175 (P, U, US); loc. cit., Manari, Takatu river, fl., 5 Aug 1995, M.J. Jansen-Jacobs et al. 4764 (U, US); loc. cit., upper Rupununi river, fl.,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Appun 2361</emphasis>
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(K).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="58">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="23" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="58">Murdannia schomburgkiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known from only four collections from Guyana (including the type) and perhaps only one collection from Brazil (in the state of Amazonas) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution map of Neotropical Murdannia Royle. Full circles Murdannia burchellii Full stars Murdannia engelsii Triangles Murdannia gardneri Stars Murdannia paraguayensis Full squares Murdannia schomburgkiana Squares Murdannia semifoliata." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.74.9835.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/109958" pageId="23" pageNumber="58">10</figureCitation>
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). It grows in open flooded grass fields and savannas in the Amazon domain. The distance between the Rio Madeira specimen and the other specimens collected in Guyana, make clear how poorly collected this species is. It is widely possible that field trips focusing on the group or in the white sand formations in the state of Amazonas will fill this distribution gap.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="23" pageNumber="58">
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It is interesting to highlight that both specimens from Brazil might represent different sheets of the same collection. Firstly, it is known that Dr. Alexandre Ferreira collected exclusively in Brazilian territory. Thus, despite the locality not being clearly stated in the label of the specimen at Kew, this is the only possible option. Secondly, the specimen at Paris was collected in Brazil, Provincia Rio Negro, at the margins of Rio Madeira (currently state of Amazonas). This was one of the most important areas collected by Ferreira, during his philosophical travels, and probably the longest part of this fieldtrip. Also, it is widely known that many specimens collected by Friar Vellozo, Dr. Vellozo de Miranda and Dr. Alexandre Ferreira, were taken from Lisbon to Paris, during the Napoleonic Wars. Finally, the labels of both specimens possess comple
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<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="59" start="start">mentary</pageBreakToken>
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information, where the locality in the label of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paris’">Paris'</normalizedToken>
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specimen is one of locations where Ferreira collected, and the date is congruent with this specific fieldtrip. Moreover, the specimens on both sheets are very similar in appearance.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="59" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="59">It was found in bloom from June to October, and in fruit in October.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="59" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="59">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia schomburgkiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is only known from five (or at most six) collections, including the type species. Furthermore, the last known collections for this species are 11 years old, and the AOO of
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia schomburgkiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is of only ca. 12.000 km2. Following the IUCN recommendations (
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<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge U. K." pageId="34" pageNumber="69" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" refId="B31" refString="IUCN, 2001. The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge U.K., http://www.iucnredlist.org/ [accessed: 2 June 2016]" title="The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia schomburgkiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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should be considered Endangered [EN, B1a+C2a(ii)+D1].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclatural notes">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Nomenclatural notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="59">
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When describing
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Aneilema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aneilema schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Aneilema schomburgkiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Kunth, KS" journalOrPublisher="Cottae, Stuttgart & Tuebingen" pageId="34" pageNumber="69" refId="B32" refString="Kunth, KS, 1843. Enumeratio Plantarum Omnium Hucusque Cognitarum: secundum familias naturales disposita, adjectis characteribus, differentiis et synonymis, vol. 4. J.G. Cottae, Stuttgart & Tuebingen" title="Enumeratio Plantarum Omnium Hucusque Cognitarum: secundum familias naturales disposita, adjectis characteribus, differentiis et synonymis, vol. 4. J. G." year="1843">Kunth (1843)</bibRefCitation>
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mentions "Rob. Schomburgk misit sub. no. 842". According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Stafleu, FA" journalOrPublisher="Gantner Verlag, Rugell" pageId="34" pageNumber="69" refId="B46" refString="Stafleu, FA, Cowan, RS, 1985. Taxonomic literature. A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types, ed. 2, Vol. 5. Regnum Vegetabile 112. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Rugell" title="Taxonomic literature. A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types, ed. 2, Vol. 5. Regnum Vegetabile 112. A. R. G." year="1985">Stafleu and Cowan (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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, Robert
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Schomburgk’s">Schomburgk's</normalizedToken>
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collections are generally housed at BM or K. Despite having found two specimens at BM, the specimen at B (B100367820) possesses the annotation "Ex. herb. Kunth misit. 1841.", made in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kunth’s">Kunth's</normalizedToken>
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handwriting and matching the protologue, and it is widely known that
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kunth’s">Kunth's</normalizedToken>
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herbarium was part of B (
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<bibRefCitation author="Stafleu, FA" journalOrPublisher="Gantner Verlag, Rugell" pageId="34" pageNumber="69" refId="B45" refString="Stafleu, FA, Cowan, RS, 1979. Taxonomic literature. A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types, ed. 2, Vol. 2. Regnum Vegetabile 98. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Rugell" title="Taxonomic literature. A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types, ed. 2, Vol. 2. Regnum Vegetabile 98. A. R. G." year="1979">Stafleu and Cowan 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Thus, it was the obvious choice for a lectotype. The two sheets at BM were observed and described in detail by one of us (RBF) in 1993. However, they were not photographed when other types at BM were photographed, and the specimens cannot currently be located. If found they should be treated as isolectotypes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia schomburgkiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia semifoliata" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="semifoliata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia semifoliata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(C.B.Clarke) G.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brückn">Brueckn</normalizedToken>
|
||
., due to their tuberous roots, reduced inflorescences enclosed by the leaf-sheaths, cincinni bracts tubular, petals medially bearded with moniliform hairs on the adaxial surface, filaments densely bearded with moniliform hairs, the number of seeds per locule of the capsule, and seed morphology. Their petals medially bearded with moniliform hairs on the adaxial surface, are quite unique within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As aforementioned, this character is otherwise only known in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" rank="family">Commelinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia simplex" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in which the hairs are tiny and only present at the petal, being fundamentally different), and in the distantly related genera
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lemaire" authorityYear="1859" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Cochliostema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochliostema" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Cochliostema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lem. and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ule" authorityYear="1913" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Geogenanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Geogenanthus" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Geogenanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ule (Tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ule" authorityYear="1913" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Tradescantieae">Tradescantieae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, subtribe
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Faden & D.R.Hunt" authorityYear="1991" lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Dichorisandrinae">Dichorisandrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hardy, CR" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="33" pageNumber="68" pagination="316 - 333" publicationUrl="10.1600/036364404774195511" refId="B28" refString="Hardy, CR, Faden, RB, 2004. Plowmanianthus, a new genus of Commelinaceae with five new species from Tropical America. Systematic Botany 29 (2): 316 - 333, DOI: 10.1600/036364404774195511" title="Plowmanianthus, a new genus of Commelinaceae with five new species from Tropical America." url="10.1600/036364404774195511" volume="29" year="2004">Hardy and Faden 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pellegrini, MOO" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="34" pageNumber="69" refId="B38" refString="Pellegrini, MOO, in press. Siderasis albofasciata sp. nov. (Commelinaceae), a new species endemic to the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, and the typification of S. fuscata. In: Nordic Journal of Botany." title="Siderasis albofasciata sp. nov. (Commelinaceae), a new species endemic to the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, and the typification of S. fuscata." volumeTitle="Nordic Journal of Botany." year="in press">Pellegrini in press</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Nevertheless, the distribution of both species does not overlap and they grow in different environments (white sand formations
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
flooded grass fields).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia schomburgkiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated by its 2.2-13.6 cm long blades of the leaves bearing inflorescences (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
0.2-1.8 cm long), leaf-blades margins glabrous (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
ciliate), cincinni bracts 1.6-1.8 cm long (vs. 0.4-1.3 cm long), and brown anthers (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
purple) (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphologic characters differentiating the species of Murdannia known for the Neotropical region." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5D309C8CD7EBB6457B8B049D76F7FBBF" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" tableUuid="5D309C8CD7EBB6457B8B049D76F7FBBF">1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Despite the few collections known for this species, it is the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="authors’">authors'</normalizedToken>
|
||
opinion that the morphological, geographical and environmental factors are enough to differentiate both species.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia schomburgkiana" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schomburgkiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia schomburgkiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia semifoliata" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="semifoliata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia semifoliata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very similar to each other, and quite distinct from the remaining Neotropical species of the genus. They are morphologically similar to some Asian and African species with fascicle-like, mainly axillary inflorescences, and 1-flowered cincinni, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brenan" authorityYear="1962" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia axillaris" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="axillaris">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia axillaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Murdannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Murdannia triquetra" order="Commelinales" pageId="24" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triquetra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="59">Murdannia triquetra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |