321 lines
35 KiB
XML
321 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="934408CD457D5A5F687DFE45EE0B4428" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.158576" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6a6a4828-9078-485c-99a6-0efe1998714e" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="158576" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461025750631" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N., Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz & Marris, John W. M." docDate="2004" docId="03E75717DA26FFB67C0FFB916009FA2B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00622.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 622" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Haloscatella balioptera Mathis, Zatwarnicki & Marris, 2004, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="559490D6-A295-49D8-BBE6-520798183E61" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFDE2F6FDA23FFBF7D07FFA76313FFCD" masterDocTitle="Review of unreported shorefly genera of the tribe Scatellini from the New Zealand subregion (Diptera: Ephydridae) with description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698572051903" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6E3690C3157323C1730743939EEDB12C">
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<mods:title id="50C9CD43E053D7E3FD063DB621F66EBB">Review of unreported shorefly genera of the tribe Scatellini from the New Zealand subregion (Diptera: Ephydridae) with description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="39231461403F8FFAF65BD80158556D40">Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0CBD23DD680AFAC1F9D9024A2078C1F9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C6532453695BF5AB75028FE82AA0A0C6">Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="4DBB931DC47571C8A108D31BA2C242C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D528F581CB1A978C6BE07559BABF97F9">Marris, John W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D495C6324385EB6469EA1AEDCEA6A7FA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="214BDDD60E69D4C0A84C2C12D0E606AC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8CEB2EFBE6B54E7E38E9BC5616D3191E">
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<mods:date id="68F8CFCCDEC43665B4EEA9C143640BFC">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7BE1931C2567AB2B895D721DECED052A">622</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9F390662C02586A224320F570CAF6086">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D00672C645F10DF53600EDE42F66DC5A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.158576</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E75717DA26FFB67C0FFB916009FA2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6272939" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119606190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6272939" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:559490D6-A295-49D8-BBE6-520798183E61" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E75717DA26FFB67C0FFB916009FA2B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C354B58ADA26FFBA7C0FFB916051FB9D" box="[264,834,1078,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA26FFBA7C0FFB916051FB9D" blockId="5.[264,834,1078,1104]" box="[264,834,1078,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0B9516DDA26FFBA7C0FFB916051FB9D" bold="true" box="[264,834,1078,1104]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA26FFBA7C0FFB916051FB9D" bold="true" box="[264,834,1078,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA26FFBA7C0FFB91613BFB9D" bold="true" box="[264,552,1078,1104]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA26FFBA7C0FFB916131FB9D" ID-CoL="8C988" box="[264,546,1078,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Haloscatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balioptera" status="sp. nov.">Haloscatella balioptera</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2098768DA26FFBA7F37FB91619EFB9D" box="[560,653,1078,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(Figs. 1–9, 13)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C354B58ADA26FFBA7C0FFB2660FDFAF6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA26FFBA7C0FFB2660FDFAF6" blockId="5.[264,1325,1153,1819]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA26FFBA7C0FFB26629BFB56" bold="true" box="[264,392,1153,1179]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This species is distinguished from congeners by the following characters: Small shore flies, body length
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<quantity id="4CB64BE4DA26FFBA7F81FB0E6027FB0E" box="[646,820,1193,1219]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.5">1.50–1.90 mm</quantity>
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(averaging
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<quantity id="4CB64BE4DA26FFBA7ECEFB0E6729FB0E" box="[969,1082,1193,1219]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="1.75">1.75 mm</quantity>
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); body mostly dark brown; arista macropubescent; prescutellar acrostichal seta well developed; wing generally infuscate with pattern of white spots or markings in some posterior cells; posterior notopleural seta at elevated insertion compared to anterior seta.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C354B58ADA26FFB77C3FFAEE6136FA71" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA26FFBA7C3FFAEE6195F8D6" blockId="5.[264,1325,1153,1819]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA26FFBA7C3FFAEE62DCFAAE" bold="true" box="[312,463,1353,1379]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA26FFBA7CDBFAEE6136FAAF" box="[476,549,1353,1378]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head:</emphasis>
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Head ratio 0.72–0.74; frontal triangle and frontoorbits faintly subshiny, brown with some grayish coloration, contrasted with more densely microtomentose, somewhat blackish parafrons; frontal triangle bearing a few setulae along anterolateral margins; ocellar triangle concolorous with mesofrons; 2 large, lateroclinate, frontoorbital setae and 1–2 setulae anterior and/or between these; 1 welldeveloped ocellar seta, setal length greater than distance between anterior ocellus and ptilinal suture. Antenna black, microtomentose; arista macropubescent, length longer than combined length of pedicel and 1st flagellomere. Face silvery gray on dorsal 2/3, ventral 1/3 brownish gray, densely microtomentose; face wider than high, not greatly protrudent; face usually bearing 3 lateral facial setae and 6–8 welldeveloped setae along oral margin; 8 facial/genal setulae, none well developed. Eye oval; eye ratio 0.90–0.93. Gena mostly gray; genatoeye ratio 0.11–0.14. Palpus blackish.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA25FFB97C0FF97267A5F8BC" blockId="6.[264,1323,1749,1906]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA25FFB97C0FF97262A7F920" bold="true" box="[264,436,1749,1773]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURES 1–7</emphasis>
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. Structures of the male terminalia of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA25FFB97E74F9716764F920" box="[883,1143,1750,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Haloscatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balioptera">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA25FFB97E74F9716764F920" box="[883,1143,1750,1773]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Haloscatella balioptera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="F359A691DA25FFB9798BF9716634F920" box="[1164,1319,1750,1773]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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. Chatham Island: Tennants Lake).
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA25FFB97F7EF9526195F8C0" bold="true" box="[633,646,1781,1805]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1</emphasis>
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, Epandrium, and cerci, ventral view.
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA25FFB97925F952673CF8C0" bold="true" box="[1058,1071,1781,1805]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2</emphasis>
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, Same, lateral view.
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA25FFB97811F9526630F8C0" bold="true" box="[1302,1315,1781,1805]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3</emphasis>
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, Internal genitalic structures (aedeagus with basiphallus shaded, phallapodeme, gonite and hypandrium), and 5th sternite, ventral view.
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA25FFB97FAEF89061A5F882" bold="true" box="[681,694,1847,1871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4</emphasis>
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, Same, lateral view.
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA25FFB97EA7F89060BEF882" bold="true" box="[928,941,1847,1871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5</emphasis>
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, Aedeagus (shaded) and phallapodeme, ventral view.
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA25FFB97CD8F8FD62FFF8BF" bold="true" box="[479,492,1882,1906]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">6</emphasis>
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, Gonite and hypandrium, ventral view.
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA25FFB97E93F8FD60B2F8BF" bold="true" box="[916,929,1882,1906]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">7</emphasis>
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, 5th sternite, ventral view.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF31B689DA24FFB87C0FF8E0672BF893" box="[264,1080,1863,1887]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169327/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[276,1310,313,1852]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA24FFB87C0FF8E0672BF893" blockId="7.[264,1080,1863,1887]" box="[264,1080,1863,1887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA24FFB87C0FF8E062BEF892" bold="true" box="[264,429,1863,1887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURES 8–9</emphasis>
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. Tennants Lake, the type locality of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA24FFB87E34F8E06727F893" box="[819,1076,1863,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Haloscatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balioptera">Haloscatella balioptera</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2BFFB77C3FFEBB60ABFCD8" blockId="8.[264,1325,284,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2BFFB77C3FFEBB6285FEF8" box="[312,406,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Thorax:</emphasis>
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Mesonotum mostly brown but with gray anterior stripes laterad of acrostichal track and with grayish presutural spot and a short grayish postsutural stripe laterad of dorsocentral track; scutellum blackish brown, darker than scutum; postpronotum grayish; acrostichal setulae in 2 rows and with a distinctive, larger prescutellar pair of setae; posterior notopleural seta at elevated insertion compared to anterior seta; anepisternum mostly dark brown, dorsal and anterodorsal margins grayish, only moderately microtomentose, faintly subshiny; anepimeron dark brown, more densely microtomentose than anepisternum, mostly dull colored; katepisternum mostly gray, somewhat brownish anteroventrally. Wing (
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<figureCitation id="1375FA84DA2BFFB77C5EFDFD62BCFDB9" box="[345,431,602,628]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 15" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[310,1261,768,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[267,1320,755,1771]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 15. Wings of Haloscatella species. 13, H. balioptera (New Zealand. Chatham Island: Tennants Lake). 14, H. harrisoni (New Zealand. Bounty Islands. Depot Island). 15, H. karekare (New Zealand. AK: Karekare)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169328/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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) generally infuscate; with a white spot in cell br, basad of crossvein rm; a narrow, elongate, white marking at base of cell r4+5 and a spot at apical 2/3; a white spot in discal cell near crossvein dmcu, and a white horizontally, Ushaped marking in cell M; costal vein ratio 0.21–0.22; M vein ratio 0.42–0.44. Legs from trochanter to apical tarsomere black; forecoxa and to a lesser extent midcoxa grayish.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2BFFB77C3FFC846136FA71" blockId="8.[264,1325,284,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2BFFB77C3FFC8462A3FCF1" box="[312,432,803,828]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Abdomen:</emphasis>
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Tergites brownish black to black, very sparsely microtomentose, especially apical tergites, mostly shiny; 5th sternite in ventral view (Fig. 7) barlike with an anteromedial, tapered projection, projection at about same position as gonal apices. Male terminalia (Figs. 1–6): Epandrium in ventral view (Fig. 1) wider posteriorly than anteriorly, slightly tapered on anterior 1/3, bearing numerous short setulae over broad, medial area, anterior margin (fused surstyli) bilobed, each lobe gradually narrowed anteriorly and generally setulose, some setulae long and irregular; cerci lunate, almost symmetrical and generally setulose; epandrium and cercus in lateral view (Fig. 2) with anterior margin evenly rounded and moderately broad; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 4) with basiphallus irregularly rectangular, angle at articulation with phallapodeme drawn out, in anterior view (Figs. 3, 5) narrow, twice as long as wide, tapered on apical 1/3, distiphallus membranous, almost twice length of basiphallus, ultrastructure on surface of distiphallus shown in square; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 4) narrow, width more or less even although external margin irregular, shallowly arched, in ventral view (Figs. 3, 5) Tshaped; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 4) with apical projection narrow and pointed, hypandrium somewhat like a skewed C, in ventral view (Figs. 3, 6) hypandrium Yshaped with medial arm widened at articulation with phallapodeme.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C354B58ADA2BFFB67C3FFA6E6110FE63" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2BFFB77C3FFA6E61FFF8BC" blockId="8.[264,1325,284,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2BFFB77C3FFA6E62E7FA2E" bold="true" box="[312,500,1481,1507]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2BFFB77C3FFA6E6260FA2E" box="[312,371,1481,1507]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2BFFB77F44FA6D61B9FA29" box="[579,682,1482,1508]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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male is labeled “
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<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2BFFB77E9FFA6E627DF9C6" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<collectingCountry id="F359A691DA2BFFB77E9FFA6E676CFA2E" box="[920,1151,1481,1507]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77E9FFA6E60CDFA2E" box="[920,990,1481,1507]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93c9-w2q7" name="University of Newcastle" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">NEW</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77EEAFA6E676CFA2E" box="[1005,1151,1481,1507]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ZEALAND</collectionCode>
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</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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<collectingCountry id="F359A691DA2BFFB77993FA6E67D2FA2E" box="[1172,1217,1481,1507]" name="Switzerland" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">CH</collectingCountry>
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[atham]. IS[and].
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</emphasis>
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Tennants Lake
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2BFFB77F20FA56618AF9C6" box="[551,665,1521,1547]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="92" value="-43.823334">43º49.4'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2BFFB77FA3FA56600BF9C6" box="[676,792,1521,1547]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-176.56667">176º34'W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FFF0C0C1DA2BFFB77E24FA5660A4F9C6" box="[803,951,1521,1547]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2002-10-14">14 Oct 2002</date>
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||
, D. and W.N. Mathis/[bar code]
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<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77C0FF9BE624EF9FE" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[264,349,1561,1587]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USNM</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77C6DF9BE62B0F9FE" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13589" box="[362,419,1561,1587]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13589" name="Ministry of Natural Resources" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ENT</collectionCode>
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00184407/
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<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2BFFB77F29F9BE61DAF9FE" box="[558,713,1561,1587]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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ɗ
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA2BFFB77FFFF9BE6245F996" authority="Mathis Zatwarnicki & Marris" authorityName="Mathis Zatwarnicki & Marris" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Haloscatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balioptera">Haloscatella balioptera Mathis Zatwarnicki & Marris</taxonomicName>
|
||
[red].” The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2BFFB77CEFF9E6615CF996" box="[488,591,1601,1627]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is double mounted (minuten in a block of plastic), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77FCCF9CF600CF94F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" box="[715,799,1640,1666]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
. The allotype female and 14 other
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2BFFB779BDF9CF6639F94F" box="[1210,1322,1640,1666]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(9ɗ, 6Ψ;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77C72F93762DBF967" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" box="[373,456,1680,1706]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77CD3F9376138F967" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[468,555,1680,1706]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
) bear the same locality label as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2BFFB77EC8F937672AF967" box="[975,1081,1680,1706]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Other
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2BFFB77988F93767ECF967" box="[1167,1279,1680,1706]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are as follows:
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2BFFB77C88F91F676EF91F" bold="true" box="[399,1149,1720,1746]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">OFFSHORE ISLANDS. Chatham Islands. Chatham Island:</emphasis>
|
||
Lake Te Roto,
|
||
<date id="FFF0C0C1DA2BFFB77C0FF9476289F937" box="[264,410,1760,1786]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1967-02-12">12 Feb 1967</date>
|
||
(1ɗ;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77CDBF9476122F937" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" box="[476,561,1760,1786]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
); Rotoparaoa Lake (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2BFFB77E19F9476082F937" box="[798,913,1760,1786]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="92" value="-43.81167">43º48.7'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2BFFB77E9AF947673AF937" box="[925,1065,1760,1786]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="92" value="-176.58833">176º35.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFF0C0C1DA2BFFB77939F94767C1F937" box="[1086,1234,1760,1786]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2002-10-14">14 Oct 2002</date>
|
||
, D. and W. N. Mathis (3ɗ, 1Ψ;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77F10F8A06162F8EC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[535,625,1799,1825]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
); Tuku River (mouth;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2BFFB77E73F8A060F5F8EC" box="[884,998,1799,1825]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="92" value="-44.065">44º03.9'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2BFFB77EF6F8A0676CF8EC" box="[1009,1151,1799,1825]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="92" value="-176.65334">176º39.2'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFF0C0C1DA2BFFB77994F8A06635F8EC" box="[1171,1318,1799,1825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2002-10-13">13 Oct 2002</date>
|
||
, D. and W. N. Mathis (1ɗ, 1Ψ;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77F7CF88861C6F884" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[635,725,1839,1865]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
); Waitangi Creek (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2BFFB77EB2F888673BF884" box="[949,1064,1839,1865]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="92" value="-43.785">43º47.1'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2BFFB77931F88867D0F884" box="[1078,1219,1839,1865]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="92" value="-176.805">176º48.3'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFF0C0C1DA2BFFB779DEF8886255F8BC" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2002-10-14">14 Oct 2002</date>
|
||
, D. and W. N. Mathis (2ɗ;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2BFFB77F81F8F061F3F8BC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[646,736,1879,1905]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2AFFB67C3FFEBC6110FE63" blockId="9.[264,1325,283,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67C3FFEBC6149FEF8" bold="true" box="[312,602,283,309]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2AFFB67C3FFEBC62B1FEF8" box="[312,418,283,309]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">NORTH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359A691DA2AFFB67CAEFEBC6109FEF8" box="[425,538,283,309]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ISLAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
. ND:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Poor Knights Island, Tawhiti Rahi,
|
||
<date id="FFF0C0C1DA2AFFB67EFBFEBB6797FEFB" box="[1020,1156,284,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1980-12-02">2 Dec 1980</date>
|
||
, C. F. Butcher (1ɗ, 1Ψ;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2AFFB67C74FEE362DBFE93" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" box="[371,456,324,350]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
); Whananaki South (beach;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2AFFB67E16FEE36091FE93" box="[785,898,324,350]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="92" value="-35.518333">35º31.1'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2AFFB67E89FEE36701FE93" box="[910,1042,324,350]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="92" value="174.45334">174º27.2'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFF0C0C1DA2AFFB67921FEE367B8FE93" box="[1062,1195,324,350]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2002-10-06">6 Oct 2002</date>
|
||
, D. and W. N. Mathis (1ɗ;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2AFFB67CC5FECB610FFE4B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[450,540,364,390]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67F37FECC617AFE48" bold="true" box="[560,617,363,389]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">WN.</emphasis>
|
||
Waikanae Beach (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2AFFB67E40FECB60AFFE4B" box="[839,956,364,390]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="92" value="-40.871666">40°52.3'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2AFFB67ECEFECB6753FE4B" box="[969,1088,364,390]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="92" value="175.00833">175°0.5'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFF0C0C1DA2AFFB67951FECB67CBFE4B" box="[1110,1240,364,390]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2004-01-07">7 Jan 2004</date>
|
||
, W. N. Mathis (2ɗ;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F7EC4DA2AFFB67C9BFE3362E5FE63" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[412,502,404,430]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C354B58ADA2AFFB67C3FFE1C6712FE33" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2AFFB67C3FFE1C6712FE33" blockId="9.[264,1325,283,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67C3FFE1C617CFE18" bold="true" box="[312,623,443,469]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
SOUTH
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359A691DA2AFFB67CB5FE1C6130FE18" box="[434,547,443,469]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ISLAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
. DN:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Otago Peninsula, Hoopers Inlet, Allans Beach Road (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2AFFB67C16FE436295FE33" box="[273,390,484,510]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="92" value="-45.866665">45°52.0'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A80C6DA2AFFB67C94FE436109FE33" box="[403,538,484,510]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="92" value="170.68834">170°41.3'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
);
|
||
<date id="FFF0C0C1DA2AFFB67F29FE4361ACFE33" box="[558,703,484,510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2004-01-13">13 Jan 2004</date>
|
||
, W.N. Mathis (2Ψ; USNM)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C354B58ADA2AFFB67C3FFDAC61D7FC43" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2AFFB67C3FFDAC663EFDEB" blockId="9.[264,1325,283,1510]" box="[312,1325,523,550]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67C3FFDAC62CBFDE8" bold="true" box="[312,472,523,549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Australasian/Oceanian:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359A691DA2AFFB67FFFFDAB6085FDEB" box="[760,918,524,550]" name="New Zealand" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(DN, ND, WN, Chatham Islands).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2AFFB67C3FFD9462EDFCDB" blockId="9.[264,1325,283,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67C3FFD946112FD80" bold="true" box="[312,513,563,589]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
This species has only been collected at habitats directly associated with maritime shores or at sites immediately adjacent, such as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2AFFB67962FDFB678BFDBB" box="[1125,1176,604,630]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality on Chatham Island. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2AFFB67F04FD236125FD53" box="[515,566,644,670]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, Tennants Lake (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1375FA84DA2AFFB67E5DFD2360DAFD53" box="[858,969,644,670]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 9" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[276,1310,313,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[276,1312,302,1860]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 9. Tennants Lake, the type locality of Haloscatella balioptera." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169327/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 8–9</figureCitation>
|
||
), is a freshwater lake immediately behind large coastal sand dunes. Specimens of this species were more commonly found in slight depressions in the sand along the shore where there was algae and some emergent vegetation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2AFFB67C3FFC8361D7FC43" blockId="9.[264,1325,283,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Given the considerable distance between the known localities for this species more collecting along coastal sites with this
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F558A3DA2AFFB67FD5FCEB6016FCAB" box="[722,773,844,870]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of habitat is needed to verify the actual distribution in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359A691DA2AFFB67CA4FCD36152FC43" box="[419,577,884,910]" name="New Zealand" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
subregion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C354B58ADA2AFFB67C3FFC3B67D5FC13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2AFFB67C3FFC3B67D5FC13" blockId="9.[264,1325,283,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67C3FFC3B62D7FC7B" bold="true" box="[312,452,924,950]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species epithet,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67FC3FC3B6056FC78" box="[708,837,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA2AFFB67FC3FC3B6052FC78" box="[708,833,924,949]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Haloscatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balioptera">balioptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is of Greek derivation, meaning spotted wing in reference to the pale spots on the generally infuscate wing of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C354B58ADA2AFFB67C3FFC4B6009FA2B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2AFFB67C3FFC4B6010FB6B" blockId="9.[264,1325,283,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67C3FFC4B62A2FBCB" bold="true" box="[312,433,1004,1030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is somewhat similar to some species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67920FC4B67BCFBC8" box="[1063,1199,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA2AFFB67920FC4B67B8FBC8" box="[1063,1195,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Philotelma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philotelma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA2AFFB67812FC4B62FDFBE3" authority="Haliday" authorityName="Haliday" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Philotelma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defectum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67812FC4B6261FBE0" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. defectum</emphasis>
|
||
(Haliday)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but may be distinguished from it and other similar congeners by the mostly bare arista (macropubescent), welldeveloped prescutellar acrostichal seta, faintly spotted wing, elevated position of the posterior notopleural seta (higher than the anterior seta), and structures of the male terminalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1E601DA2AFFB67C3FFB136009FA2B" blockId="9.[264,1325,283,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Some years ago, we examined a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA2AFFB67E4CFB1360F2FB00" box="[843,993,1204,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Haloscatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67E4CFB1360F2FB00" box="[843,993,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Haloscatella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that was taken from a plane that had arrived in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359A691DA2AFFB67F1EFB7B61A4FB3B" box="[537,695,1244,1270]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
most immediately from the Azores (Terceira
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359A691DA2AFFB679DCFB7B6634FB3B" box="[1243,1319,1244,1270]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Lajes). This specimen, although very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA2AFFB67E3BFAA360C9FAD0" box="[828,986,1284,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Haloscatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balioptera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67E3BFAA360C9FAD0" box="[828,986,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H. balioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a faintly maculate pattern on its wing, differs in being much lighter in color, especially the microtomentose, gray to brown abdominal tergites (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA2AFFB67FBFFAF36045FAA0" box="[696,854,1364,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Haloscatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balioptera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67FBFFAF36045FAA0" box="[696,854,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H. balioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the tergites are almost bare and are subshiny to mostly shiny, brownish black to black). This second species, possibly from the Azores, may be closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E9D82DA2AFFB67FA1FA036055FA70" box="[678,838,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Haloscatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balioptera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A3A13DA2AFFB67FA1FA036055FA70" box="[678,838,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H. balioptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and may indicate an Old World species group that is primarily insular in distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |