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<document id="35C826FD51CBD5A4EEC4162B78BC6946" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4991.3.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5042522" ID-ZooBank="842EA450-A680-4D5D-9723-C1D7CCE13E5D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1624987574070" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vasanth, M., Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. &amp; Sinha, Bikramjit" docDate="2021" docId="039D87CCFFA1FF89FF56F931FD166E4F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4991.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4991 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus Braasch 2006" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="508" masterDocId="FFA4FFB4FFA5FF80FFC1FFF6FFD26F53" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the study of Epeorus Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from India" masterLastPageNumber="522" masterPageNumber="499" pageNumber="503" updateTime="1698978689892" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="79F28ACBC536C0AAE56876946A450B61">Contribution to the study of Epeorus Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C41AC40D31FC4639F39216A379B9C8FD">Vasanth, M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A97D58759F1D6A95C0CA5547DD1B0DB5">Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Santhome High Road, Chennai- 600028, India. &amp; University of Madras, Chepauk, Chennai- 600005. &amp; vasan 071994 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4446 - 4889</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="87FF1DB950A362474F659AC9CAEF4852">Selvakumar, C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="413214D68A94CDCD5209340AE823D20F" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4296-5682</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C9892B59FBFB397320D6D6C2126C9A34">Department of Zoology, The Madura College (Autonomous), Madurai- 625011, Tamil Nadu. &amp; selvaaa 06 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4296 - 5682</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8FDEED13ADB9D5A7DADD3E16B808211E" type="email">selvaaa06@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="936B84209F38A8C84FD1C19CE6A08194">Subramanian, K. A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3763F2A0048FBCAB1C4A6295C725254A">Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre, Santhome High Road, Chennai- 600028, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B8D7B772E05D570E77767FEA755F9BE6">Sivaramakrishnan, K. G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C4C829C0FFCA5284873B463242E62D01" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6332-0349</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D56A1A3ABFAE49D54B721FB5D977ABF0">Flat No 3, Door No 7, Gokulam Apartment, Gokulam Colony, West Mambalam, Chennai- 600 033, India. &amp; kgskrishnan @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6332 - 0349</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="655E39F4CCB4B96E4C6E09541B621910">Sinha, Bikramjit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="327054F8B745F3FB4C53B3C181213E68">Zoological Survey of India, Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre, Senki Valley, Itanagar- 791113, Arunachal Pradesh, India. &amp; sinhabj @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9904 - 4964</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="AB5BFD9C7F44A6245859AE29EC0CC75E">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039D87CCFFA1FF89FF56F931FD166E4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042550" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5042550" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87CCFFA1FF89FF56F931FD166E4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D87CCFFA1FF89FF56F931FD166E4F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="508" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
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<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA1FF84FF56F931FD0C69B3" blockId="4.[151,734,1734,1797]" box="[151,734,1734,1761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
<heading id="D0C381B6FFA1FF84FF56F931FD0C69B3" bold="true" box="[151,734,1734,1761]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFA1FF84FF56F931FD0C69B3" ID-CoL="6FNHT" authority="Braasch, 2006 a" authorityName="Braasch" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,734,1734,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornutus" subGenus="Epeorus">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA1FF84FF56F931FD0C69B3" bold="true" box="[151,734,1734,1761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA1FF84FF56F931FF2E69B2" bold="true" box="[151,252,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Epeorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA1FF84FECCF931FEA069B2" bold="true" box="[269,370,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Epeorus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA1FF84FE45F930FDCA69B3" bold="true" box="[388,536,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">unicornutus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B2BFFA1FF84FDDEF930FD0C69B3" author="Braasch, D." box="[543,734,1734,1760]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" pagination="79 - 88" refId="ref10076" refString="Braasch, D. (2006 a) Neue Eintagsfliegen der Gattungen Epeorus und Iron aus dem Himalaja (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 50 (1 - 2), 79 - 88." type="journal article" year="2006">Braasch, 2006a</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFA1FF84FF56F91CFEF56856" box="[151,295,1770,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA1FF84FF56F91CFEF56856" blockId="4.[151,734,1734,1797]" box="[151,295,1770,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
(
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA1FF84FF5EF91CFECD6856" box="[159,287,1770,1797]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 35–42" captionStart-1="FIGURES 43–49" captionStartId-0="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox-0="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1418,492,1934]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-157@8.[164,1422,489,1943]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." captionText-1="FIGURES 43–49. Larva of Epeorus unicornutus 43. Maxilla; 44. Labium. 45. Foreleg; 45A. Dorsal surface of femur; 46. Claw; 47. Gill I; 48. Gill III; 49. Gill VII." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Figs 35–49</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFA1FF84FF56F8DBFF0068A8" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA1FF84FF56F8DBFF0068A8" blockId="4.[151,1436,1837,2043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA1FF84FF56F8DBFE506814" bold="true" box="[151,386,1837,1863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D32FD53FFA1FF84FE46F8DBFE306814" box="[391,482,1837,1863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
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<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFA1FF84FE2DF8DBFDEC6814" box="[492,574,1837,1863]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">INDIA</collectingCountry>
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BEFACA0FFA1FF84FCE7F8DBFBE46814" box="[806,1078,1837,1863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Lower Subansiri district</collectingMunicipality>
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<location id="8EEB6001FFA1FF84FBFEF8DBFB896814" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87CCFFA1FF89FF56F931FD166E4F:8EEB6001FFA1FF84FBFEF8DBFB896814" box="[1087,1115,1837,1863]" country="India" latitude="27.74791" longLatPrecision="4" longitude="94.0346" municipality="Lower Subansiri district" name="Pa" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">Pa</location>
stream
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,
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, colls.
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and
<collectorName id="26C1530CFFA1FF84FD3FF8A7FCAC6838" box="[766,894,1873,1899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">M. Vasanth</collectorName>
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;
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,
<location id="8EEB6001FFA1FF84FC88F883FC0A68DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87CCFFA1FF89FF56F931FD166E4F:8EEB6001FFA1FF84FC88F883FC0A68DC" box="[841,984,1909,1935]" country="India" county="West Kameng district" latitude="27.326754" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="92.231804" municipality="Dirang" name="Dirang river" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">Dirang river</location>
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<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFA1FF84FAFCF883FA4568DC" box="[1341,1431,1909,1935]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.877" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" unit="m" value="1877.0">
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<date id="FF8A101AFFA1FF84FF56F86FFEC168E0" box="[151,275,1945,1971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" value="2018-03-13">
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, coll.
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/
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;
<materialsCitation id="3B5C3C87FFA1FF84FD3FF86FFF1C68A8" collectingDate="2016-04-04" collectionCode="SRC-I" collectorName="Santabala &amp; Party" country="India" county="Lower Dibang valley" elevation="488" latitude="28.18728" location="Iphipani river" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="95.84094" municipality="Roing" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" specimenCode="E 309" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-larva="2" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">
<specimenCount id="9D32FD53FFA1FF84FD3FF86FFC8968E0" box="[766,859,1945,1971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
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<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFA1FF84FCA9F86FFC6868E0" box="[872,954,1945,1971]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">INDIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFA1FF84FC07F86FFB4D68E0" box="[966,1183,1945,1971]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62EA4E56FFA1FF84FB6AF86FFA4E68E0" box="[1195,1436,1945,1971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Lower Dibang valley</collectingCounty>
district,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEFACA0FFA1FF84FF35F84BFEE96884" box="[244,315,1981,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Roing</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EEB6001FFA1FF84FE89F84BFE366884" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D87CCFFA1FF89FF56F931FD166E4F:8EEB6001FFA1FF84FE89F84BFE366884" box="[328,484,1981,2007]" country="India" county="Lower Dibang valley" latitude="28.18728" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="95.84094" municipality="Roing" name="Iphipani river" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">Iphipani river</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE00501DFFA1FF84FE31F84BFDAA6884" box="[496,632,1981,2007]" degrees="28.18728" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" precision="1" value="28.18728">28.18728 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE00501DFFA1FF84FD45F84BFCDA6884" box="[644,776,1981,2008]" degrees="95.84094" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" precision="1" value="95.84094">95.84094 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFA1FF84FCD7F84BFCB26884" box="[790,864,1981,2007]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.88" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" unit="m" value="488.0">
<elevation id="0019D1E9FFA1FF84FCD7F84BFCB26884" box="[790,864,1981,2007]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.88" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" unit="m" value="488.0">488 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF8A101AFFA1FF84FCADF84BFC376884" box="[876,997,1981,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" value="2016-04-04">
<collectingDate id="EFCEE9F2FFA1FF84FCADF84BFC376884" box="[876,997,1981,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" value="2016-04-04">04.iv.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="26C1530CFFA1FF84FBEAF84BFB4A6884" box="[1067,1176,1981,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Santabala</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26C1530CFFA1FF84FB7CF84BFB2A6884" box="[1213,1272,1981,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Party</collectorName>
[ZSI/
<collectionCode id="ED25AE1FFFA1FF84FAFBF84BFA516884" box="[1338,1411,1981,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">SRC-I</collectionCode>
/
<specimenCode id="DB929EA1FFA1FF84FA4AF84BFF1568A8" collectionCode="SRC-I" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">E 309</specimenCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4B6652FFA0FF85FF56F861FB996887" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042530" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5042530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042530/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="504" startId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[184,1401,181,1919]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA0FF85FF56F861FB996887" blockId="5.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FF56F861FE8468FC" bold="true" box="[151,342,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">FIGURES 18–24.</emphasis>
Larva of
<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFA0FF85FE7FF86EFD3C68E3" authorityName="Braasch &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="1979" box="[446,750,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcatus" subGenus="Epeorus">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FE7FF86EFDC068FC" box="[446,530,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">Epeorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FDE2F86EFDA568FC" box="[547,631,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">Epeorus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FD49F86EFD3C68E3" box="[648,750,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">bifurcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FD37F861FCDD68FC" bold="true" box="[758,783,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">18</emphasis>
. Dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FC6BF861FC1168FC" bold="true" box="[938,963,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">19</emphasis>
. Abdomen ventral view;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FB0DF861FB3768FC" bold="true" box="[1228,1253,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">20</emphasis>
. Abdomen dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FF17F84DFF3D6880" bold="true" box="[214,239,1979,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">21</emphasis>
. Posterior margin of abdominal terga V;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FD4FF84DFD756880" bold="true" box="[654,679,1979,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">22</emphasis>
. Antenna;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FCD7F84DFCFD6880" bold="true" box="[790,815,1979,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">23</emphasis>
Labrum;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA0FF85FC52F84DFC7E6880" bold="true" box="[915,940,1979,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="504">24</emphasis>
. Hypopharynx.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4B6652FFA3FF86FF56FA9EFBB96AF7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042532" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5042532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042532/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" startId="6.[151,264,1384,1408]" targetBox="[152,1436,182,1356]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA3FF86FF56FA9EFBB96AF7" blockId="6.[151,1436,1384,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FF56FA9EFE866AD3" bold="true" box="[151,340,1384,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">FIGURES 25–34.</emphasis>
Larva of
<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFA3FF86FE77FA9FFD306AD3" authorityName="Braasch &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="1979" box="[438,738,1384,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcatus" subGenus="Epeorus">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FE77FA9FFDD86AD3" box="[438,522,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Epeorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FDD8FA9FFDBF6AD3" box="[537,621,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Epeorus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FDBDFA9EFD306AD3" box="[636,738,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">bifurcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FD29FA9EFCD36AD3" bold="true" box="[744,769,1384,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">25</emphasis>
. Left mandible;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FC68FA9EFC106AD3" bold="true" box="[937,962,1384,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">26</emphasis>
. Right mandible;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FBB8FA9EFB406AD3" bold="true" box="[1145,1170,1384,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">27</emphasis>
. Maxilla;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FB3AFA9EFAC66AD3" bold="true" box="[1275,1300,1384,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">28</emphasis>
. Labium;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FABCFA9EFA446AD3" bold="true" box="[1405,1430,1384,1408]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">29</emphasis>
. Foreleg;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FF33FA7AFED96AF7" bold="true" box="[242,267,1420,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">30</emphasis>
. Midleg;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FEAFFA7AFE556AF7" bold="true" box="[366,391,1420,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">31</emphasis>
. Hindleg;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FE32FA7AFDC86AF7" bold="true" box="[499,538,1420,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">31a</emphasis>
. Dorsal surface of femur;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FCE4FA7AFCEC6AF7" bold="true" box="[805,830,1420,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">32</emphasis>
. Claw;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FC4FFA7AFC756AF7" bold="true" box="[910,935,1420,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">33</emphasis>
. Gill I;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FC36FA7AFBC26AF7" bold="true" box="[1015,1040,1420,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">34</emphasis>
. Gill III.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFA3FF88FF06FA24FDE26E4E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="507" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA3FF86FF06FA24FF166942" blockId="6.[151,1437,1490,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FF06FA24FE896ABF" bold="true" box="[199,347,1490,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Description:</emphasis>
Mature larva: Body length
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFA3FF86FD5AFA25FCD16ABE" box="[667,771,1491,1517]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="11.8">11.8 mm</quantity>
; length of cerci
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFA3FF86FC01FA25FBC66ABE" box="[960,1044,1491,1517]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
. Body generally pale brown. (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FAAEFA24FF646942" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA3FF86FF06F9EDFC3D685E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1490,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FF06F9EDFEC26966" bold="true" box="[199,272,1563,1589]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Head:</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFA3FF86FEAEF9EDFE1A6966" box="[367,456,1563,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4CCC9B3FFFA3FF86FDDAF9EDFDA76966" box="[539,629,1563,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
; pale brown (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FCCEF9ECFCB16966" box="[783,867,1562,1589]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
); subrectangular; anterior and lateral margins convex, with rows of dense hair-like setae directed anteriorly; posterior margin slightly concave. Compound eyes blackish, antennal scape, pedicels and flagellum pale brown. Labrum wide, dark brown, anterior margin with 11–12 denticles, long hair-like setae laterally (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FD94F970FD7869F2" box="[597,682,1670,1697]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
). Hypopharynx as in
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FC5CF970FC2369F2" box="[925,1009,1670,1697]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
. Mandible brown with scattered setae along the molar area; incisor serrated; outer incisor longer than inner incisor (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FBC9F95CFB466996" box="[1032,1172,1706,1733]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Figs 41– 42</figureCitation>
). Maxilla as in
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FA84F95CFA4A6996" box="[1349,1432,1706,1733]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–49" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,492,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-157@8.[164,1422,489,1943]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 43–49. Larva of Epeorus unicornutus 43. Maxilla; 44. Labium. 45. Foreleg; 45A. Dorsal surface of femur; 46. Claw; 47. Gill I; 48. Gill III; 49. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
. Labium: glossae broad with V-shaped separation, subtriangular; paraglossae slightly expanded laterally; apical segment of palp pointed, dorsal surface with dense row of comb setae (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FC4FF904FC30685E" box="[910,994,1778,1805]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–49" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,492,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-157@8.[164,1422,489,1943]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 43–49. Larva of Epeorus unicornutus 43. Maxilla; 44. Labium. 45. Foreleg; 45A. Dorsal surface of femur; 46. Claw; 47. Gill I; 48. Gill III; 49. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA3FF86FF06F8E1FBAA682A" blockId="6.[151,1437,1490,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FF06F8E1FEFB6862" bold="true" box="[199,297,1815,1841]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Thorax:</emphasis>
Pronotum pale brown; mesonotum light brown (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FC96F8E0FC7E6862" box="[855,940,1814,1841]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
). Femora light brown with distinct patches; dorsal surface of all femora with two brown maculae medially (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FC9CF8CCFC7C6806" box="[861,942,1850,1877]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–49" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,492,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-157@8.[164,1422,489,1943]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 43–49. Larva of Epeorus unicornutus 43. Maxilla; 44. Labium. 45. Foreleg; 45A. Dorsal surface of femur; 46. Claw; 47. Gill I; 48. Gill III; 49. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
) and stout setae (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FBB1F8CCFB0A6806" box="[1136,1240,1850,1877]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–49" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,492,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-157@8.[164,1422,489,1943]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 43–49. Larva of Epeorus unicornutus 43. Maxilla; 44. Labium. 45. Foreleg; 45A. Dorsal surface of femur; 46. Claw; 47. Gill I; 48. Gill III; 49. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 45A</figureCitation>
); femora of distal end with a prominent pointed spine on all legs (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FD6DF8A8FCD3682A" box="[684,769,1886,1913]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–49" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,492,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-157@8.[164,1422,489,1943]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 43–49. Larva of Epeorus unicornutus 43. Maxilla; 44. Labium. 45. Foreleg; 45A. Dorsal surface of femur; 46. Claw; 47. Gill I; 48. Gill III; 49. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
). Claw with 4 denticles (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FBD6F8A8FBB9682A" box="[1047,1131,1886,1913]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–49" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,492,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-157@8.[164,1422,489,1943]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 43–49. Larva of Epeorus unicornutus 43. Maxilla; 44. Labium. 45. Foreleg; 45A. Dorsal surface of femur; 46. Claw; 47. Gill I; 48. Gill III; 49. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA3FF88FF06F874FDE26E4E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1490,2021]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="507" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA3FF86FF06F874FE9768CF" bold="true" box="[199,325,1922,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Abdominal terga pale brown without special marks (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FC5CF874FC2368CE" box="[925,1009,1922,1949]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
); posterior margin of abdominal terga I–X each with a row of spines (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FE33F850FDA86892" box="[498,634,1958,1985]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Figs 37– 38</figureCitation>
); terga II–X with a single acute median and medially prominent pointed spine (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FF22F83CFEE568B6" box="[227,311,1994,2021]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
); tergum X with short spines with minute hair-like setae on posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFA3FF86FB6AF83CFB2D68B6" box="[1195,1279,1994,2021]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="505">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
); terga II–VII with long posterolateral extensions (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFADFF88FDEFFF61FD516FE1" box="[558,643,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
); sterna pale with brown markings of oblique stripes medially and medio-lateral stripes laterally. Lamellae of gill I somewhat extended beneath of abdomen (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFADFF88FBB5FF4DFB1B6F86" box="[1140,1225,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–49" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,492,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-157@8.[164,1422,489,1943]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 43–49. Larva of Epeorus unicornutus 43. Maxilla; 44. Labium. 45. Foreleg; 45A. Dorsal surface of femur; 46. Claw; 47. Gill I; 48. Gill III; 49. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
). Gills II–VII with anal rib straight (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFADFF88FE9AFF29FE326FAA" box="[347,480,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–49" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,492,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-157@8.[164,1422,489,1943]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 43–49. Larva of Epeorus unicornutus 43. Maxilla; 44. Labium. 45. Foreleg; 45A. Dorsal surface of femur; 46. Claw; 47. Gill I; 48. Gill III; 49. Gill VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Figs 48–49</figureCitation>
); gill faces with exception of marginal parts brownish tinged with black. Cerci with row of small hair-like setae dorsally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4B6652FFA2FF87FF56F861FAE56887" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="506" startId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFA2FF87FF56F861FAE56887" blockId="7.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FF56F861FE8668FC" bold="true" box="[151,340,1943,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">FIGURES 35–42.</emphasis>
Larva of
<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFA2FF87FE74F86EFD2168FC" authorityName="Braasch" authorityYear="2006" box="[437,755,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornutus" subGenus="Epeorus">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FE74F86EFDDB68FC" box="[437,521,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">Epeorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FDD6F86EFDB968FC" box="[535,619,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">Epeorus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FDBBF86EFD2168FC" box="[634,755,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">unicornutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FD38F861FCC068FC" bold="true" box="[761,786,1943,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">35</emphasis>
. Dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FC67F861FC6D68FC" bold="true" box="[934,959,1943,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">36</emphasis>
. Ventra view of abdomen;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FB0FF861FB3568FC" bold="true" box="[1230,1255,1943,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">37</emphasis>
. Abdominal terga closer view;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FED8F84DFEE06880" bold="true" box="[281,306,1979,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">38</emphasis>
. Abdominal terga segment X;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FDA9F84DFD536880" bold="true" box="[616,641,1979,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">39</emphasis>
. Labrum;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FD2DF84DFCD76880" bold="true" box="[748,773,1979,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">40</emphasis>
. Hypopharynx;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FC6AF84DFC166880" bold="true" box="[939,964,1979,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">41</emphasis>
. Left mandible;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFA2FF87FBACF84DFB546880" bold="true" box="[1133,1158,1979,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="506">42</emphasis>
. Right mandible.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFADFF88FF06FED0FEB96E82" pageId="8" pageNumber="507" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFADFF88FF06FED0FEB96E82" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FF06FED0FE966E13" bold="true" box="[199,324,294,320]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
The larva of
<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFADFF88FE1AFED1FD256E13" authorityName="Braasch" authorityYear="2006" box="[475,759,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="507" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornutus" subGenus="Epeorus">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FE1AFED1FDEA6E13" box="[475,568,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Epeorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FD89FED1FDB36E13" box="[584,609,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">E.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FDB0FED1FD256E13" box="[625,759,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">unicornutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other species of this genus by the following combination of characters: (i) posterior margin of abdominal terga I–X each with a row of spines (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFADFF88FAAEFEBDFF646EDA" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
); (ii) terga II–IX each with acute median and medially prominent pointed spine (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFADFF88FBF4FE99FB656EDA" box="[1077,1207,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Figs 35–38</figureCitation>
); (iii) tergum X with short spines with minute hair-like setae on posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFADFF88FCFDFE65FC5E6EFE" box="[828,908,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
) and (iv) anterior margin of labrum with 11–12 denticles (
<figureCitation id="130F2A5FFFADFF88FECBFE41FE8C6E82" box="[266,350,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–42" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[152,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 35–42. Larva of Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus 35. Dorsal view; 36. Ventra view of abdomen; 37. Abdominal terga closer view; 38. Abdominal terga segment X; 39. Labrum; 40. Hypopharynx; 41. Left mandible; 42. Right mandible." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042534/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4B6652FFADFF88FF56F858FE2B68B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5042536" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5042536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5042536/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="507" startId="8.[151,264,1966,1990]" targetBox="[166,1418,492,1934]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFADFF88FF56F858FE2B68B9" blockId="8.[151,1436,1966,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FF56F858FE816895" bold="true" box="[151,339,1966,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">FIGURES 43–49.</emphasis>
Larva of
<taxonomicName id="4C344D59FFADFF88FE72F859FD546895" authorityName="Braasch" authorityYear="2006" box="[435,646,1967,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="507" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicornutus">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FE72F859FD546895" box="[435,646,1967,1990]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">Epeorus unicornutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FD4AF858FD766895" bold="true" box="[651,676,1966,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">43</emphasis>
. Maxilla;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FCCAF858FCF66895" bold="true" box="[779,804,1966,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">44</emphasis>
. Labium.
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FC4BF858FC716895" bold="true" box="[906,931,1966,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">45</emphasis>
. Foreleg;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FBC8F858FBE66895" bold="true" box="[1033,1076,1966,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">45A</emphasis>
. Dorsal surface of femur;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FAFAF858FA866895" bold="true" box="[1339,1364,1966,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">46</emphasis>
. Claw;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FF56F824FF6268B9" bold="true" box="[151,176,2002,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">47</emphasis>
. Gill I;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FEC0F824FEC868B9" bold="true" box="[257,282,2002,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">48</emphasis>
. Gill III;
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFADFF88FEBAF824FE4668B9" bold="true" box="[379,404,2002,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="507">49</emphasis>
. Gill VII.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFACFF89FF06FF60FC516FE2" box="[199,899,150,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="508" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFACFF89FF06FF60FC516FE2" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,285]" box="[199,899,150,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFACFF89FF06FF60FEB16FE3" bold="true" box="[199,355,150,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFACFF89FEABFF60FE626FE3" box="[362,432,150,176]" name="Nepal" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFACFF89FE7BFF60FDCC6FE3" box="[442,542,150,176]" name="Thailand" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFACFF89FD95FF60FD5C6FE3" box="[596,654,150,176]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49F0F838FFACFF89FD5DFF60FCAA6FE2" box="[668,888,150,177]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32E6551FFACFF89FF06FF4CFD166E4F" pageId="9" pageNumber="508" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8B36DAFFACFF89FF06FF4CFD166E4F" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="B940EAC8FFACFF89FF06FF4CFEEF6F87" bold="true" box="[199,317,186,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">Remarks:</emphasis>
The larva of this species was described from
<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFACFF89FCFCFF4CFC526F87" box="[829,896,186,212]" name="Nepal" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">Nepal</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B2BFFACFF89FC68FF4CFBB06F86" author="Braasch, D." box="[937,1122,186,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="508" pagination="79 - 88" refId="ref10076" refString="Braasch, D. (2006 a) Neue Eintagsfliegen der Gattungen Epeorus und Iron aus dem Himalaja (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 50 (1 - 2), 79 - 88." type="journal article" year="2006">Braasch (2006a)</bibRefCitation>
and reported from
<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFACFF89FAF8FF4CFA4F6F87" box="[1337,1437,186,212]" name="Thailand" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">Thailand</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA54B2BFFACFF89FF7DFF29FDF56FAB" author="Boonsoong, B. &amp; Braasch, D." box="[188,551,222,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="508" pagination="61 - 93" refId="ref9777" refString="Boonsoong, B. &amp; Braasch, D. (2013) Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) of Thailand. ZooKeys, 272, 61 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 272.3638" type="journal article" year="2013">Boonsoong and Braasch (2013)</bibRefCitation>
; we provide a supplementary larval description based on our material, which represents the first record of the species for
<collectingCountry id="F323764AFFACFF89FD42FEF4FD126E4F" box="[643,704,258,284]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="508">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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