543 lines
55 KiB
XML
543 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.95.38259" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b0ddb79b-fd6d-499f-8626-80a64b39fb06" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412603" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-2-453" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D49EC3D9F8BA54B4AFED827B67E83634" ID-ZooBank="EE9B3C6BD4AE4508BF0E5CCEEB7F12EA" ModsDocID="1860-0743-2-453" checkinTime="1568292421383" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salvador, Rodrigo B. & Cavallari, Daniel C." docDate="2019" docId="2CBB29F8B0E85E078960A46EADBEA25D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 95(2): 453-463" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 95 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.95.38259" docTitle="Hyperaulax Pilsbry 1897" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="D49EC3D9F8BA54B4AFED827B67E83634" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="456" masterDocId="D49EC3D9F8BA54B4AFED827B67E83634" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Hyperaulax Pilsbry, 1897 (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Odontostomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="463" masterPageNumber="453" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" updateTime="1643459391262" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the genus Hyperaulax Pilsbry, 1897 (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Odontostomidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Salvador, Rodrigo B.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cavallari, Daniel C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>95</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>453</mods:start>
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<mods:end>463</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.95.38259</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.95.38259</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-0743-2-453</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EE9B3C6BD4AE4508BF0E5CCEEB7F12EA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">D49EC3D9F8BA54B4AFED827B67E83634</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412603" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2CBB29F8B0E85E078960A46EADBEA25D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2CBB29F8B0E85E078960A46EADBEA25D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="456" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="455" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName LSID="2CBB29F8B0E85E078960A46EADBEA25D" authority="Pilsbry, 1897" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1897" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Hyperaulax Pilsbry, 1897</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="455" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bulimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bulimulus (Hyperaulax)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hyperaulax">Bulimulus (Hyperaulax)</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="455" refId="B27">Pilsbry 1897a</bibRefCitation>
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: 10;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="455" refId="B28">Pilsbry 1897b</bibRefCitation>
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: 82.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<taxonomicName authority="Jousseaume, 1900" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnanius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnanius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Bonnanius</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Jousseaume, F" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Philomathique de Paris" pageId="7" pageNumber="460" pagination="5 - 44" refId="B17" refString="Jousseaume, F, 1900. Mollusques terrestres. Clausilia, Rhodea et Bulimus Sud-Americanae. Bulletin de la Societe Philomathique de Paris 2: 5 - 44" title="Mollusques terrestres. Clausilia, Rhodea et Bulimus Sud-Americanae." volume="2" year="1900">Jousseaume 1900</bibRefCitation>
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: 39;
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<bibRefCitation author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica, Supplement" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="263 - 436" refId="B37" refString="Schileyko, AA, 1999. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2: 263 - 436" title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae." volume="2" year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: 337.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Hyperaulax</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Pilsbry, HA" journalOrPublisher="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B29" refString="Pilsbry, HA, 1901. Manual of conchology, second series. Pulmonata. Vol. 14. Oriental bulimoid Helicidae; Odontostomidae; Cerionidae. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia" title="Manual of conchology, second series. Pulmonata. Vol. 14. Oriental bulimoid Helicidae; Odontostomidae; Cerionidae." year="1901">Pilsbry 1901</bibRefCitation>
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: 102;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="455" refId="B41">Wenz 1923</bibRefCitation>
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: 729;
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<bibRefCitation author="Thiele, J" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B40" refString="Thiele, J, 1931. Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde. Erster Band, Teil 2. Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena" title="Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde. Erster Band, Teil 2." year="1931">Thiele 1931</bibRefCitation>
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: 660;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE3-p1" author="Henderson, J" journalOrPublisher="Geological Society of North America Special Papers" pageId="7" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 290" refId="B14" refString="Henderson, J, 1935. Fossil non-marine Mollusca of North America. Geological Society of North America Special Papers 3: 1 - 290" title="Fossil non-marine Mollusca of North America." url="https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE3-p1" volume="3" year="1935">Henderson 1935</bibRefCitation>
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: 145;
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<bibRefCitation author="Morretes, FL" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Paranaense" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 216" refId="B22" refString="Morretes, FL, 1949. Ensaio de catalogo dos moluscos do Brasil. Arquivos do Museu Paranaense 7: 1 - 216" title="Ensaio de catalogo dos moluscos do Brasil." volume="7" year="1949">Morretes 1949</bibRefCitation>
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: 153;
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<bibRefCitation author="Oliveira, MP" journalOrPublisher="MEC, UFJF, Juiz de Fora" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B24" refString="Oliveira, MP, Rezende, GJR, Castro, GA, 1981. Catalogo dos moluscos da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Sinonimia de familia, genero e especie. MEC, UFJF, Juiz de Fora" title="Catalogo dos moluscos da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Sinonimia de familia, genero e especie." year="1981">Oliveira et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 350;
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<bibRefCitation author="Parkinson, B" journalOrPublisher="Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B25" refString="Parkinson, B, Hemmen, J, Groh, K, 1987. Tropical land shells of the world. Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden" title="Tropical land shells of the world." year="1987">Parkinson et al. 1987</bibRefCitation>
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: 29;
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<bibRefCitation author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica, Supplement" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="263 - 436" refId="B37" refString="Schileyko, AA, 1999. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2: 263 - 436" title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae." volume="2" year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: 320;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="455" refId="B33">Salgado and Coelho 2003</bibRefCitation>
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: 165;
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<bibRefCitation author="Simone, LRL" journalOrPublisher="EGB / FAPESP, Sao Paulo" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B38" refString="Simone, LRL, 2006. Land and freshwater mollusks of Brazil. EGB/FAPESP, Sao Paulo" title="Land and freshwater mollusks of Brazil." year="2006">Simone 2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 178;
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<bibRefCitation author="Salvador, RB" journalOrPublisher="Tuhinga" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="82 - 98" refId="B34" refString="Salvador, RB, 2019. Brazilian, Uruguayan and Argentinian land snails in the collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. Tuhinga 30: 82 - 98" title="Brazilian, Uruguayan and Argentinian land snails in the collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa." volume="30" year="2019">Salvador 2019</bibRefCitation>
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: 87.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax (Bonnanius)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bonnanius">Hyperaulax (Bonnanius)</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Pilsbry, HA" journalOrPublisher="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B29" refString="Pilsbry, HA, 1901. Manual of conchology, second series. Pulmonata. Vol. 14. Oriental bulimoid Helicidae; Odontostomidae; Cerionidae. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia" title="Manual of conchology, second series. Pulmonata. Vol. 14. Oriental bulimoid Helicidae; Odontostomidae; Cerionidae." year="1901">Pilsbry 1901</bibRefCitation>
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: 103;
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<bibRefCitation author="Thiele, J" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B40" refString="Thiele, J, 1931. Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde. Erster Band, Teil 2. Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena" title="Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde. Erster Band, Teil 2." year="1931">Thiele 1931</bibRefCitation>
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: 661;
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<bibRefCitation author="Morretes, FL" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Paranaense" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 216" refId="B22" refString="Morretes, FL, 1949. Ensaio de catalogo dos moluscos do Brasil. Arquivos do Museu Paranaense 7: 1 - 216" title="Ensaio de catalogo dos moluscos do Brasil." volume="7" year="1949">Morretes 1949</bibRefCitation>
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: 153;
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||
<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="455" refId="B42">Zilch 1960</bibRefCitation>
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: 505;
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<bibRefCitation author="Breure, ASH" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="7" pageNumber="460" pagination="109 - 127" refId="B3" refString="Breure, ASH, 1974. Catalogue of Bulimulidae (Gastropoda, Euthyneura), II. Odontostominae. Basteria 38: 109 - 127" title="Catalogue of Bulimulidae (Gastropoda, Euthyneura), II. Odontostominae." volume="38" year="1974">Breure 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 52;
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<bibRefCitation author="Oliveira, MP" journalOrPublisher="MEC, UFJF, Juiz de Fora" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B24" refString="Oliveira, MP, Rezende, GJR, Castro, GA, 1981. Catalogo dos moluscos da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Sinonimia de familia, genero e especie. MEC, UFJF, Juiz de Fora" title="Catalogo dos moluscos da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Sinonimia de familia, genero e especie." year="1981">Oliveira et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 350.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax (Hyperaulax)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hyperaulax">Hyperaulax (Hyperaulax)</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Thiele, J" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B40" refString="Thiele, J, 1931. Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde. Erster Band, Teil 2. Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena" title="Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde. Erster Band, Teil 2." year="1931">Thiele 1931</bibRefCitation>
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: 661;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Morretes, FL" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Paranaense" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 216" refId="B22" refString="Morretes, FL, 1949. Ensaio de catalogo dos moluscos do Brasil. Arquivos do Museu Paranaense 7: 1 - 216" title="Ensaio de catalogo dos moluscos do Brasil." volume="7" year="1949">Morretes 1949</bibRefCitation>
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: 153;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="455" refId="B42">Zilch 1960</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 505;
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<bibRefCitation author="Breure, ASH" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="7" pageNumber="460" pagination="109 - 127" refId="B3" refString="Breure, ASH, 1974. Catalogue of Bulimulidae (Gastropoda, Euthyneura), II. Odontostominae. Basteria 38: 109 - 127" title="Catalogue of Bulimulidae (Gastropoda, Euthyneura), II. Odontostominae." volume="38" year="1974">Breure 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 109.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Tomigerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tomigerus (Bonnanius)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bonnanius">Tomigerus (Bonnanius)</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.113-3462.429" author="Parodiz, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="429 - 456" refId="B26" refString="Parodiz, JJ, 1962. New and little-known species of South and Central American land snails (Bulimulidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 113: 429 - 456" title="New and little-known species of South and Central American land snails (Bulimulidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.113-3462.429" volume="113" year="1962">Parodiz 1962</bibRefCitation>
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: 453.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<taxonomicName family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnarius" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnarius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" rank="genus">Bonnarius</taxonomicName>
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[sic]:
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<bibRefCitation author="Simone, LRL" journalOrPublisher="EGB / FAPESP, Sao Paulo" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B38" refString="Simone, LRL, 2006. Land and freshwater mollusks of Brazil. EGB/FAPESP, Sao Paulo" title="Land and freshwater mollusks of Brazil." year="2006">Simone 2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 178.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="455" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<taxonomicName authority="Scopoli, 1777" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1777" class="Gastropoda" family="Bulimulidae" genus="Bulimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bulimus (Bulimulus) ridleyi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ridleyi" subGenus="Bulimulus">Bulimus (Bulimulus) ridleyi</taxonomicName>
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Smith, 1890, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="455" type="included species">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Included species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax ridleyi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Hyperaulax ridleyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Smith, 1890) and
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<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ramagei" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" rank="species" species="ramagei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">H. ramagei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Smith, 1890).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="455" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Shell bulimoid. Protoconch sculptured by sinuous axial riblets, which can anastomose and fade on abapical region. Umbilicus surrounded by a periumbilical spiral angulation.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="455" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Shell small to medium-sized, bulimoid, with ca 4-5 convex whorls; ground color cream, ochre or brown, with 1-4 lighter-colored spiral bands on lateral portion of whorls; periumbilical region completely or marginally discolored, whitish; apex (especially protoconch) usually of lighter color. Suture well-marked. Protoconch sculptured by numerous fine sinuous axial riblets, transition unclear. Teleoconch overall smooth except for axial growth lines. Aperture ovoid; peristome white, reflected, thickened, and continuous, with 0-4 apertural teeth. Umbilicus perforate, well marked.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="456" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
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After
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<bibRefCitation author="Auffenberg, K" journalOrPublisher="The Nautilus" pageId="7" pageNumber="460" pagination="54 - 62" refId="B2" refString="Auffenberg, K, Slapcinsky, J, Portell, RW, 2015. A revision of the fossil taxa assigned to Hyperaulax (Gastropoda: Odontostomidae), with the description of a new genus (Gastropoda: Bulimulidae). The Nautilus 129: 54 - 62" title="A revision of the fossil taxa assigned to Hyperaulax (Gastropoda: Odontostomidae), with the description of a new genus (Gastropoda: Bulimulidae)." volume="129" year="2015">Auffenberg et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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removed all fossil taxa from
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the genus was left only with two living species,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax ridleyi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Hyperaulax ridleyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperaulax ridleyi. A-E. Lectotype, NHMUK 1888.6.27.106. F-I. Paralectotypes 1 to 4 (in order), NHMUK 1888.6.27.107 - 110. J. Extreme form, large and with thick callus, NHMUK 1888.6.27.88 - 94. K. Weathered specimen, ZMS unnumbered (ex Heimburg colln.). L. Protoconch detail (same specimen from K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339175" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ramagei" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">H. ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Hyperaulax ramagei. A-E. Lectotype, NHMUK 1988.6.24.163. F-J. Paralectotypes 1 to 5 (in order), including large forms in apparent sub-fossil state, NHMUK 1988.6.24.164 - 170. K. Specimen without the white spiral bands, NHMUK 1902.10.16.4." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339176" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure3">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Hyperaulax ramagei. A-C. Syntype of Bonnanius bouvieri, MNHN-IM- 2000 - 28020 (MNHN). D. Reproduction of " Turbine 44 " of Buonanni (1861), the holotype of Bonnanius bonnanius. E. Protoconch detail, NHMUK 1902.10.16.4." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339177" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure4">4</figureCitation>
|
||
), with the latter classified in the subgenus or full genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jousseaume, 1900" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnanius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnanius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Bonnanius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both species are known only from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago off north-eastern Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339175" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax ridleyi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Hyperaulax ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Lectotype, NHMUK 1888.6.27.106.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Paralectotypes #1 to #4 (in order), NHMUK 1888.6.27.107-110.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">J.</emphasis>
|
||
Extreme form, large and with thick callus, NHMUK 1888.6.27.88-94.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">K.</emphasis>
|
||
Weathered specimen, ZMS unnumbered (ex Heimburg colln.).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">L.</emphasis>
|
||
Protoconch detail (same specimen from K).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339176" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax ramagei" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Hyperaulax ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Lectotype, NHMUK 1988.6.24.163.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–J">F-J</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Paralectotypes #1 to #5 (in order), including large forms in apparent sub-fossil state, NHMUK 1988.6.24.164-170.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">K.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimen without the white spiral bands, NHMUK 1902.10.16.4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339177" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax ramagei" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Hyperaulax ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Syntype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jousseaume, 1900" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnanius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnanius bouvieri" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bouvieri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Bonnanius bouvieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, MNHN-IM-2000-28020 (MNHN).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Reproduction of "Turbine #44" of Buonanni (1861), the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jousseaume, 1900" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnanius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnanius bonnanius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bonnanius">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Bonnanius bonnanius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Protoconch detail, NHMUK 1902.10.16.4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="455">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jousseaume, 1900" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnanius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnanius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Bonnanius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered here synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as there are no diagnostic characters allowing its clear separation other than its larger shell size. The presence of teeth in the aperture of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ramagei" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">H. ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(previously classified in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jousseaume, 1900" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnanius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnanius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Bonnanius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) could be used as a diagnostic genus-level character; however, it is well known that odontostomid genera show great inter- and intraspecific variation in the presence and strength of apertural teeth. Moreover, some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ridleyi" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do show a palatal tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperaulax ridleyi. A-E. Lectotype, NHMUK 1888.6.27.106. F-I. Paralectotypes 1 to 4 (in order), NHMUK 1888.6.27.107 - 110. J. Extreme form, large and with thick callus, NHMUK 1888.6.27.88 - 94. K. Weathered specimen, ZMS unnumbered (ex Heimburg colln.). L. Protoconch detail (same specimen from K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339175" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.38259.figure2">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
) similar in position and length to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ramagei" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">H. ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, for a genus with only two species, keeping them separated into two distinct subgenera is excessively zealous taxonomy. As for the other conchological characters,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jousseaume, 1900" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnanius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnanius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Bonnanius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
share all of them with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="455" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="455">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as discussed below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="456">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="456" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
|
||
protoconch sculpture has always been deemed a good character to define genera in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicinidae" genus="Orthalicoidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthalicoidea" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="superfamily" superfamily="Orthalicoidea">Orthalicoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
and has more recently received large support from molecular studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020" author="Breure, ASH" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="7" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B6" refString="Breure, ASH, Romero, PE, 2012. Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 141: 1 - 20" title="Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020" volume="141" year="2012">Breure and Romero 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The protoconchs of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jousseaume, 1900" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnanius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnanius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Bonnanius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very similar and indicate a close affinity between the two forms: same number of whorls (ca
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="1¾">13/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
); same sculpture pattern (sinuous axial riblets, more clearly separate on adapical area of whorl, but anastomosing on abapical area and sometimes fading into scattered dots). There are also some differences on the protoconch, but nothing that would suggest two distinct genera (many genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicinidae" genus="Orthalicoidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthalicoidea" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="superfamily" superfamily="Orthalicoidea">Orthalicoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
bear some minor differences in their protoconchs, which helps with species diagnosis; e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Salvador, RB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="511 - 518" refId="B35" refString="Salvador, RB, Cavallari, DC, 2013. Taxonomic revision of Leiostracusonager and Leiostracussubtuszonatus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicidae). Journal of Conchology 41: 511 - 518" title="Taxonomic revision of Leiostracusonager and Leiostracussubtuszonatus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicidae)." volume="41" year="2013">Salvador and Cavallari 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.18476/sbna.v9.a1" author="Salvador, RB" journalOrPublisher="Stuttgarter Beitraege zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 7" refId="B36" refString="Salvador, RB, Simone, LRL, 2016. A new species of Kora from Bahia, Brazil (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicoidea), with an emended diagnosis of the genus. Stuttgarter Beitraege zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 9: 1 - 7" title="A new species of Kora from Bahia, Brazil (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orthalicoidea), with an emended diagnosis of the genus." url="https://doi.org/10.18476/sbna.v9.a1" volume="9" year="2016">Salvador and Simone 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The main difference is that the protoconch of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ramagei" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more flattened and rounded, which makes the riblets a little more spaced; this can be attributed to its shell being larger and wider overall. Furthermore, the protoconch of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ridleyi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a raised ridge on its middle region. Finally, the protoconch sculpture of museum specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ramagei" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is often faded or eroded, which has led to claims of a smooth protoconch in the literature (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.113-3462.429" author="Parodiz, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="429 - 456" refId="B26" refString="Parodiz, JJ, 1962. New and little-known species of South and Central American land snails (Bulimulidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 113: 429 - 456" title="New and little-known species of South and Central American land snails (Bulimulidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.113-3462.429" volume="113" year="1962">Parodiz 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Abbott, RT" journalOrPublisher="American Malacologists, Melbourne" pageId="7" pageNumber="460" refId="B1" refString="Abbott, RT, 1989. Compendium of land shells. American Malacologists, Melbourne" title="Compendium of land shells." year="1989">Abbott 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="456">
|
||
Other conchological characters are very similar in both
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ridleyi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ramagei" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: the roughly pentagonal shape of the aperture and its positioning in relation to the body whorl, the long palatal tooth (absent in most
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ridleyi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens), the shape of the umbilicus and the periumbilical spiral angulation, the unsculptured teleoconch (except for growth striations), and the periostracum color (brown with at least one white spiral band).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="456">
|
||
The classification of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Odontostomidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="family">Odontostomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been well supported in the literature, with just a few different classification schemes. For instance,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica, Supplement" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="263 - 436" refId="B37" refString="Schileyko, AA, 1999. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2: 263 - 436" title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae." volume="2" year="1999">Schileyko (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
argued in favor of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Bulimulidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="family">Bulimulidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
because
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ridleyi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no teeth; however, not all odontostomids actually have teeth and some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ridleyi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do show a faint palatal tooth, as discussed above and already remarked by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pilsbry, HA" journalOrPublisher="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" refId="B29" refString="Pilsbry, HA, 1901. Manual of conchology, second series. Pulmonata. Vol. 14. Oriental bulimoid Helicidae; Odontostomidae; Cerionidae. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia" title="Manual of conchology, second series. Pulmonata. Vol. 14. Oriental bulimoid Helicidae; Odontostomidae; Cerionidae." year="1901">Pilsbry (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Moreover,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ridleyi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the typical channel-like structure on the junction of the parietal and palatal regions of the peristome.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica, Supplement" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="263 - 436" refId="B37" refString="Schileyko, AA, 1999. Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2: 263 - 436" title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae." volume="2" year="1999">Schileyko (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, maintained
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jousseaume, 1900" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Bonnanius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bonnanius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Bonnanius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and hence
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ramagei" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Odontostomidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="family">Odontostomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="456">
|
||
In any event, there are other conchological characters favoring an allocation within
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Odontostomidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="family">Odontostomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as the elevated embryonic whorls (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Auffenberg, K" journalOrPublisher="The Nautilus" pageId="7" pageNumber="460" pagination="54 - 62" refId="B2" refString="Auffenberg, K, Slapcinsky, J, Portell, RW, 2015. A revision of the fossil taxa assigned to Hyperaulax (Gastropoda: Odontostomidae), with the description of a new genus (Gastropoda: Bulimulidae). The Nautilus 129: 54 - 62" title="A revision of the fossil taxa assigned to Hyperaulax (Gastropoda: Odontostomidae), with the description of a new genus (Gastropoda: Bulimulidae)." volume="129" year="2015">Auffenberg et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the protoconch sculpture (wavy riblets, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Plagiodontes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plagiodontes" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Plagiodontes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Doering, 1876;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Piza, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="8" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 9" refId="B30" refString="Piza, J, Cazzaniga, NJ, 2016. Plagiodontesparodizi, a new species from Argentina (Gastropoda: Odontostomidae). Journal of Conchology 42: 1 - 9" title="Plagiodontesparodizi, a new species from Argentina (Gastropoda: Odontostomidae)." volume="42" year="2016">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pizá">Piza</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Cazzaniga 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The overall shell shape of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Tomigerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tomigerus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Tomigerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Spix, 1827 and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Biotocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biotocus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Biotocus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Salgado & Leme, 1990, but with a different position of the aperture in relation to the body whorl and a different structure of the umbilical region; also, the protoconch of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Tomigerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tomigerus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Tomigerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smooth. The periostracum color is also similar to what is seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Tomigerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tomigerus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Tomigerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. clausus" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="clausus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">T. clausus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Spix, 1827,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. matthewsi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="matthewsi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">T. matthewsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Salgado & Leme, 1991, and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. rochai" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="rochai">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">T. rochai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ihering, 1905), but a striped pattern can also be found in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Moricandia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Moricandia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Moricandia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1898 and even
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Anostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anostoma" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Anostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Waldheim, 1807. The dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(mainly of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ramagei" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ramagei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ramagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Burringtonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Burringtonia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Burringtonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Parodiz, 1944 and also
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bulimulidae" genus="Anctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anctus angiostomus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angiostomus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Anctus angiostomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Wagner, 1827). Finally, the channel-like structure on the junction of the parietal and palatal regions of the peristome is virtually identical to what is observed in some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Cyclodontina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclodontina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Cyclodontina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Beck, 1837,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="" class="Gastropoda" family="Bulimulidae" genus="Spixia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Metazoa" lsidName="Spixia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Spixia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pilsbry & Vanata, 1898, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Anostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anostoma" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Anostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Waldheim, 1807.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="456">
|
||
Our analysis of interspecific affinities using the barcoding region of the COI marker has grouped
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ridleyi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only) with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Tomigerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tomigerus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Tomigerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as expected by our morphological analysis, with a posterior probability of 0.997. However, these two species were grouped with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Simpulopsidae" genus="Simpulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simpulopsis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Simpulopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Beck, 1837 (family
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Simpulopsidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="family">Simpulopsidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in our Bayesian tree, instead of being grouped with other odontostomids. This is likely due to the fact that COI alone is not sufficient to solve family-level relationships among stylommatophoran snails (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020" author="Breure, ASH" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="7" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B6" refString="Breure, ASH, Romero, PE, 2012. Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 141: 1 - 20" title="Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020" volume="141" year="2012">Breure and Romero 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), despite being sufficient to capture the relationship of close species-level taxa. Based on morphological data, we retain
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Tomigerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tomigerus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Tomigerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Odontostomidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="family">Odontostomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="456">
|
||
It is curious that another orthalicoid lineage, from the other side of South America, evolved an uncannily similar shell shape to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bulimulidae" genus="Naesiotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Naesiotus wolfi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wolfi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Naesiotus wolfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Reibisch, 1892), from the Galapagos (lectotype ZSM 47.950, paralectotype NHMUK 1894.6.8.7). Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. wolfi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="wolfi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">N. wolfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is within the size range of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Odontostomidae" genus="Hyperaulax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperaulax" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Hyperaulax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and has a similar color pattern to
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. ridleyi" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including the median white spiral band. The protoconch, naturally, is different (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bulimulidae" genus="Naesiotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Naesiotus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="456" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="456">Naesiotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Albers, 1850 has very fine and well-defined axial striae), alongside other more general shell features: higher spire, different proportion of body whorl to spire, and a larger number of whorls (ca
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="6½">61/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
). In any event, this is a remarkable case of convergent evolution on islands and deserves further investigation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |