651 lines
79 KiB
XML
651 lines
79 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F8C6F9CBD8E71732439BF97557C17F71">Revision of the Highly Specialized Ant Genus Discothyrea (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropics with X-Ray Microtomography and 3 D Cybertaxonomy</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE56FFF81FF64F9A1BAEA0519" ID-CoL="6CZPM" authority="Weber, 1949" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1949" box="[146,504,1588,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FF64F9A1BA790519" box="[146,363,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Discothyrea patrizii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE56FFF81FE99F9A1BAEA0519" author="Weber, N. A." box="[367,504,1588,1611]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 9" part="1398" refId="ref67334" refString="Weber, N. A. 1949. New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa. Am. Mus. Novit. 1398: 1 - 9." title="New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa" type="journal article" year="1949">Weber, 1949</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE56FFF81FF64F9C2B9AD053C" blockId="58.[146,770,1588,1738]" box="[146,703,1623,1646]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FF6CF9C2BBE4053C" box="[154,246,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[146,173,1283,1300]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1247]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,147,1248]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Discothyrea species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542140/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Figs. 4N</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FEF5F9C2BA36053C" box="[259,292,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542144/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">6N</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FEC6F9C2BA42053C" box="[304,336,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[146,173,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542148/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">7N</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FEA8F9C2BA6F053C" box="[350,381,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[146,172,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the right mandible in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown,species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542150/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">8N</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FE7DF9C2BABE053C" box="[395,428,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[146,173,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 9. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542152/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">9N</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FE4FF9C2BAF1053C" box="[441,483,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[146,173,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the body in dorsal view with focus on mesosoma.All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542154/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">10N</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FE04F9C2B90B053C" box="[498,537,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the posterior propodeum in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542156" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542156/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">11N</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FDDFF9C2B944053C" box="[553,598,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the petiole and gaster in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542158/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">12N</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FD92F9C2B99D053C" box="[612,655,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1419]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 14. Diagnostic plate showing differences in body pilosity. (A) D. mixta (CASENT0235473),(B) D. oculata (CASENT0235467),(C) D. aisnetu (CASENT0235475), (D) D.athene (CASENT0235476),(E) D.chimera (CASENT0235471),(F) D.damato (CASENT0247362),(G) D.dryad (CASENT0247371),(H) D.gaia (CASENT0247040), (I) D. gryphon (CASENT0247367), (J) D. hawkesi (CASENT0235470), (K) D. kalypso (CASENT0235468), (L) D. maia (CASENT0790541), (M) D. michelae (CASENT0235469), (N) D. patrizii (CASENT0235472), (O) D. penthos (CASENT0247383), (P) D. poweri (SAM-ENT-0011509), (Q) D. schulzei (CASENT0247370), (R) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122), (S) D. venus (CASENT0247017), (T) D. wakanda (CASENT0790326).With the exception of F, L, R,T, all other images are from https://www.antweb.org—photographers Michele Esposito and Will Ericson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542162/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">14N</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FD68F9C2B9AB053C" box="[670,697,1623,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[146,173,1061,1078]" captionText="Fig. 45. Stacked digital color images of D. patrizii Weber, 1949 holotype (MCZ_Type_32184). (A) Body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view." pageId="58" pageNumber="59">45</figureCitation>
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,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE56FFF81FF64F9E2B92005DC" blockId="58.[146,770,1588,1738]" box="[146,562,1655,1678]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FF64F9E2BBBF05DC" box="[146,173,1655,1678]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[818,845,1061,1078]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,147,1026]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 46. Stacked digital color images of D. patrizii Weber, 1949 (CASENT0235472—from https://www.antweb.org, photographerWill Ericson). (A) body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542224/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">46</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E56FFF81FF4CF9E2BBC705DC" box="[186,213,1655,1678]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[146,173,1782,1799]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[202,1386,147,1747]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 47. Still images from shaded surface display volume renderings of D. patrizii Weber, 1949 (CASENT0235472) showing virtually segmented body parts. (A) Body in dorsal view, (B) body in profile, (C) head in full-face view, (D) head in dorsal view, (E) head in anterodorsal view, (F) head in anterior view, (G) head in profile, (H) head in ventral view, (I) posterior propodeum in posterior view, (J) petiole in profile, (K) petiole and gaster in profile, (L) petiole in dorsal view, (M) petiole in anterior view, (N) petiole oblique anterior view, (O) gaster in dorsal view, (P) petiole in ventral view, (Q) abdominal sternite 3 in ventral view, (R) mesotibia and mesotarsus in anterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542226/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">47</figureCitation>
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; Supp Video S14 [online only])
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE56FFF81FF64F90FB94D0598" blockId="58.[146,770,1588,1738]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE56FFF81FF64F90FB91105FF" authority="Weber, 1949: 2" authorityName="Weber" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1949" box="[146,515,1690,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizzii">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FF64F90FBA4B05FE" box="[146,345,1690,1709]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Discothyrea patrizzii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE56FFF81FE90F90FB91105FF" author="Weber, N. A." box="[358,515,1690,1709]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 9" part="1398" refId="ref67334" refString="Weber, N. A. 1949. New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa. Am. Mus. Novit. 1398: 1 - 9." title="New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa" type="journal article" year="1949">Weber, 1949: 2</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. [Justified emendation of spelling to
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<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE56FFF81FF00F922BABE0598" ID-CoL="6CZPM" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1949" box="[246,428,1719,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FF00F922BABE0598" box="[246,428,1719,1738]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Discothyrea patrizii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE56FFF81FE39F922B9400598" author="Brown, W. L." box="[463,594,1719,1738]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool." pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="173 - 362" part="118" refId="ref64825" refString="Brown, W. L. 1958 a. Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. II. Tribe Ectatommini (Hymenoptera). Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 118: 173 - 362." title="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. II. Tribe Ectatommini (Hymenoptera)" type="journal article" year="1958">Brown, 1958a</bibRefCitation>
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].
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E56FFF87FF64F962BAF60641" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE56FFF81FF64F962BA060458" blockId="58.[146,771,1783,1949]" box="[146,276,1783,1802]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<heading id="D087AA30E56FFF81FF64F962BA060458" bold="true" box="[146,276,1783,1802]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" reason="6">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FF64F962BA060458" bold="true" box="[146,276,1783,1802]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Type Material</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE56FFF81FF64F881B9F804CF" blockId="58.[146,771,1783,1949]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF81FF64F881B9EC0430" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560191" collectingDate="1948-02-05" collectionCode="MCZC" country="Kenya" elevation="1720" location="East African plains" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FF64F881BA190475" bold="true" box="[146,267,1812,1831]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE56FFF81FF64F881BA190475" box="[146,267,1812,1831]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, pinned queen,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE56FFF81FE46F880BAEF047A" box="[432,509,1813,1832]" name="Kenya" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">KENYA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, high
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E56FFF81FDB4F880B9EC0475" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE56FFF86FF64F9A1BA0F04DC:8EAF4B87E56FFF81FDB4F880B9EC0475" box="[578,766,1812,1832]" country="Kenya" name="East African plains" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">East African plains</location>
|
||
, densely wooded donga or ravine, floor cover of leaves and humus,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E56FFF81FF64F8DABA310430" box="[146,291,1871,1890]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" metricValueMax="1.77" metricValueMin="1.67" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1720.0" valueMax="1770.0" valueMin="1670.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE56FFF81FF64F8DABA310430" box="[146,291,1871,1890]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" metricValueMax="1.77" metricValueMin="1.67" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1720.0" valueMax="1770.0" valueMin="1670.0">
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE56FFF81FF64F8DABA190430" box="[146,267,1871,1890]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1670" valueMax="1770">1670 to 1770</date>
|
||
m
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE56FFF81FEDDF8DABA920430" box="[299,384,1871,1890]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1948-02-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E56FFF81FEDDF8DABA920430" box="[299,384,1871,1890]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1948-02-05">5.II.1948</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
[
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE56FFF81FE7FF8DABACE0430" box="[393,476,1871,1890]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
presumably lost, not at
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E56FFF81FD44F8DAB9E80430" box="[690,762,1871,1890]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">MCZC</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF81FF64F8F9B9F404CF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560197" collectionCode="MCZC" country="Kenya" elevation="1750" latitude="-1.317" location="Nairobi" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="36.763" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FF64F8F9BA13042D" bold="true" box="[146,257,1900,1919]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE56FFF81FF64F8F9BA13042D" box="[146,257,1900,1919]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, pinned worker,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE56FFF81FE6CF8F8BAF504D2" box="[410,487,1901,1920]" name="Kenya" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">KENYA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E56FFF81FE06F8F9B928042D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE56FFF86FF64F9A1BA0F04DC:8EAF4B87E56FFF81FE06F8F9B928042D" box="[496,570,1900,1919]" country="Kenya" latitude="-1.317" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="36.763" name="Nairobi" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Nairobi</location>
|
||
, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FDBEF8F8B99F04D2" box="[584,653,1901,1920]" degrees="1.317" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="55" value="-1.317">−1.317</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FD60F8F9B9C8042D" box="[662,730,1900,1919]" degrees="36.763" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="55" value="36.763">36.763</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E56FFF81FF64F81FBBC804CF" box="[146,218,1930,1949]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1750.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE56FFF81FF64F81FBBC804CF" box="[146,218,1930,1949]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1750.0">1750 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, 1945 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FED6F81FBA4804CE" box="[288,346,1930,1948]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Patrizi</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E56FFF81FE98F81FBAA704CF" box="[366,437,1930,1949]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">MCZC</collectionCode>
|
||
: MCZ_Type_32184) [examined]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE56FFF81FCC4FB02BF8C06C7" blockId="58.[818,1442,1175,1429]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FCC4FB02B8D207F8" box="[818,960,1175,1194]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Virtual dataset.</emphasis>
|
||
Volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), 3D rotation video, still images of surface volume rendering, and 3D surface (in PLY format) of a nontype specimen (CASENT0235472) in addition to stacked digital color images illustrating head in full-face view, profile and dorsal views of the body.The data are deposited at Dryad (Hita Garcia et al. 2019, http://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.3qm4183) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the species. In addition to the data at Dryad, we also provide a freely accessible 3D surface model at Sketchfab (Model 14).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE56FFF81FCC4FA47B8C506B7" blockId="58.[818,1443,1490,1949]" box="[818,983,1490,1509]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E56FFF81FCC4FA47B8C506B7" bold="true" box="[818,983,1490,1509]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FCC4FA47B8C506B7" bold="true" box="[818,983,1490,1509]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Nontype Material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE56FFF87FCC4FA7ABA0201CD" blockId="58.[818,1443,1490,1949]" lastBlockId="60.[146,772,578,671]" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF81FCC4FA7ABF3F054D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560249" collectingDate="1974-11-04" collectorName="V. Mahnert" country="Kenya" elevation="1750" latitude="-1.317" location="Nairobi" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="36.763" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE56FFF81FCC4FA7AB8930550" box="[818,897,1519,1538]" name="Kenya" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">KENYA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E56FFF81FC65FA7AB8CF0550" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE56FFF86FF64F9A1BA0F04DC:8EAF4B87E56FFF81FC65FA7AB8CF0550" box="[915,989,1519,1538]" country="Kenya" latitude="-1.317" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="36.763" name="Nairobi" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Nairobi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FC06FA7ABF210550" box="[1008,1075,1519,1538]" degrees="1.317" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="55" value="-1.317">−1.317</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FBB1FA7ABF980550" box="[1095,1162,1519,1538]" degrees="36.763" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="55" value="36.763">36.763</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E56FFF81FB30FA7ABE0B0550" box="[1222,1305,1519,1538]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1750.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE56FFF81FB30FA7ABE0B0550" box="[1222,1305,1519,1538]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1750.0">1750 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, soil sample,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE56FFF81FCC4F998B8830572" box="[818,913,1549,1568]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1974-11-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E56FFF81FCC4F998B8830572" box="[818,913,1549,1568]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1974-11-04">4.XI.1974</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FC58F998BF36054D" box="[942,1060,1548,1567]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FC58F998BF36054D" box="[942,1060,1548,1567]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">V. Mahnert</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF81FBB1F998B88A0525" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560230" collectingDate="2005-09-05" collectingDateMax="2005-09-08" collectingDateMin="2005-09-05" collectorName="Winkler & P. Hawkes & J. Makwati & R. Mtana" country="Tanzania" elevation="1739" latitude="-3.7452" location="Kindoroko Forest Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.64267" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE56FFF81FBB1F998BFAD0572" box="[1095,1215,1549,1568]" name="Tanzania" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE56FFF81FB21F999BE8C054D" box="[1239,1438,1548,1567]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Kilimanjaro Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E56FFF81FCC4F9BFBF3B056F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE56FFF86FF64F9A1BA0F04DC:8EAF4B87E56FFF81FCC4F9BFBF3B056F" box="[818,1065,1578,1597]" country="Tanzania" latitude="-3.7452" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.64267" name="Kindoroko Forest Reserve" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">Kindoroko Forest Reserve</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FBC3F9BFBF9D056F" box="[1077,1167,1578,1597]" degrees="3.74520" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="-3.7452">−3.74520</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FB6DF9BFBFE4056F" box="[1179,1270,1578,1597]" degrees="37.64267" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="37.64267">37.64267</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E56FFF81FAF7F9BFBE5E056F" box="[1281,1356,1578,1597]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.739" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1739.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE56FFF81FAF7F9BFBE5E056F" box="[1281,1356,1578,1597]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.739" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1739.0">1739 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, primary forest, leaf litter,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FC2FF9D2BF310508" box="[985,1059,1607,1626]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Winkler</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE56FFF81FBC7F9D2BFBF0508" box="[1073,1197,1607,1626]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2005-09-05" valueMax="2005-09-08" valueMin="2005-09-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E56FFF81FBC7F9D2BFBF0508" box="[1073,1197,1607,1626]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2005-09-05" valueMax="2005-09-08" valueMin="2005-09-05">5.–8.IX.2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FB48F9DDB8820525" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FB48F9DDBE360508" box="[1214,1316,1607,1626]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">P. Hawkes</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FAC4F9DDBE8C0508" box="[1330,1438,1607,1626]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">J. Makwati</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FCC4F9F0B8820525" box="[818,912,1637,1655]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">R. Mtana</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF81FC5CF9F1BF5B052A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560218" box="[938,1097,1636,1656]" collectorName="Mt" country="Tanzania" location="Kilimanjaro" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE56FFF81FC5CF9F1BF080525" box="[938,1050,1636,1655]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FBDCF9F0BF5B052A" box="[1066,1097,1637,1656]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Mt</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF81FBAFF9F1BE3705C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560214" collectingDate="2011-10-20" collectingDateMax="2011-11-10" collectingDateMin="2011-10-20" collectorName="M. Peters" country="Tanzania" elevation="1920" latitude="-3.16699" location="Kilimanjaro" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.23584" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE56FFF81FBAFF9F1BFDB0525" box="[1113,1225,1636,1655]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FB2FF9F1BE210525" box="[1241,1331,1636,1655]" degrees="3.16699" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="-3.16699">−3.16699</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FAB2F9F1BE8D0525" box="[1348,1439,1636,1655]" degrees="37.23584" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="37.23584">37.23584</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E56FFF81FCC4F917B86B05C7" box="[818,889,1666,1685]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1920.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE56FFF81FCC4F917B86B05C7" box="[818,889,1666,1685]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1920.0">1920 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, montane forest,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE56FFF81FBE2F917BFAC05C7" box="[1044,1214,1666,1685]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2011-10-20" valueMax="2011-11-10" valueMin="2011-10-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E56FFF81FBE2F917BFAC05C7" box="[1044,1214,1666,1685]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2011-10-20" valueMax="2011-11-10" valueMin="2011-10-20">20.X.–10.XI.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FB3FF917BE0F05C6" box="[1225,1309,1666,1684]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FB3FF917BE0F05C6" box="[1225,1309,1666,1684]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">M. Peters</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF81FAD8F917BF3C059D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560231" collectingDate="2011-11-01" collectorName="A. Mayr" country="Tanzania" elevation="1640" latitude="-3.186" location="Mt. Kilimajaro" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="37.2546" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE56FFF81FAD8F917BE8C05C7" box="[1326,1438,1666,1685]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E56FFF81FCC4F90AB8AD05E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE56FFF86FF64F9A1BA0F04DC:8EAF4B87E56FFF81FCC4F90AB8AD05E0" box="[818,959,1695,1714]" country="Tanzania" latitude="-3.186" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="37.2546" name="Mt. Kilimajaro" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">Mt. Kilimajaro</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FC3CF90ABF1E05E0" box="[970,1036,1695,1714]" degrees="3.186" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="55" value="-3.186">−3.186</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FBE1F90ABF7405E0" box="[1047,1126,1695,1714]" degrees="37.2546" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="5" value="37.2546">37.2546</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E56FFF81FB87F90ABFA905E0" box="[1137,1211,1695,1714]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1640.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE56FFF81FB87F90ABFA905E0" box="[1137,1211,1695,1714]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1640.0">1640 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, farmland near montane forest,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE56FFF81FC86F928B8DD0582" box="[880,975,1725,1744]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2011-11-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E56FFF81FC86F928B8DD0582" box="[880,975,1725,1744]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2011-11-01">1.XI.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FC2DF928BF34059D" box="[987,1062,1725,1744]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FC2DF928BF34059D" box="[987,1062,1725,1744]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A. Mayr</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF81FBCEF929BFDD0582" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560163" box="[1080,1231,1724,1744]" collectorName="Mt" country="Tanzania" location="Kilimanjaro" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE56FFF81FBCEF929BFBA059D" box="[1080,1192,1724,1743]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FB46F928BFDD0582" box="[1200,1231,1725,1744]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Mt</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF81FB21F929BE4C05BF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560203" collectingDate="2011-12-12" collectorName="M. Peters" country="Tanzania" elevation="1620" latitude="-3.2604" location="Kilimanjaro" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="37.418" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE56FFF81FB21F929BE55059D" box="[1239,1351,1724,1743]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FAB9F929BE8C059D" box="[1359,1438,1724,1743]" degrees="3.2604" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="5" value="-3.2604">−3.2604</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FCC4F94FB89305BF" box="[818,897,1754,1773]" degrees="37.4180" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="5" value="37.418">37.4180</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E56FFF81FC7AF94FB8C505BF" box="[908,983,1754,1773]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1620.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE56FFF81FC7AF94FB8C505BF" box="[908,983,1754,1773]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1620.0">1620 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, montane forest,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE56FFF81FB8BF94FBFFD05BF" box="[1149,1263,1754,1773]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2011-12-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E56FFF81FB8BF94FBFFD05BF" box="[1149,1263,1754,1773]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2011-12-12">12.XII.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FB09F94FBE4405BE" box="[1279,1366,1754,1772]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FB09F94FBE4405BE" box="[1279,1366,1754,1772]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">M. Peters</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E56FFF87FA9DF94FBA1901CD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560174" collectingDate="1995-11-27" collectingDateMax="2007-10-26" collectingDateMin="1995-11-27" collectorName="P. Hawkes & M. Bhoke & U. Richard & Ibaya & Winkler & H. G. Robertson & Model & An" country="Tanzania" county="Ndudulu Forest Reserve" elevation="1567" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" latitude="-3.91667" location="Mkomazi Game Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.76667" municipality="Mkomazi Game Reserve" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iringa">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE56FFF81FA9DF94FB8670458" country="Tanzania" name="Iringa" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Iringa Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62AE65D0E56FFF81FC88F962BF4C0458" box="[894,1118,1783,1802]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Ndudulu Forest Reserve</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FB91F962BFD30458" box="[1127,1217,1783,1802]" degrees="7.78912" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="-7.78912">−7.78912</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FB3DF962BE340458" box="[1227,1318,1783,1802]" degrees="36.48539" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="36.48539">36.48539</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E56FFF81FAD9F962BE650458" box="[1327,1399,1783,1802]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5669999999999997" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1567.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE56FFF81FAD9F962BE650458" box="[1327,1399,1783,1802]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5669999999999997" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1567.0">1567 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, primary forest, hand collected,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE56FFF81FBCCF881BFD40475" box="[1082,1222,1812,1831]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2007-10-23" valueMax="2007-10-26" valueMin="2007-10-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E56FFF81FBCCF881BFD40475" box="[1082,1222,1812,1831]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2007-10-23" valueMax="2007-10-26" valueMin="2007-10-23">23.–26.X.2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FB22F880B8840417" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FB22F880BE240475" box="[1236,1334,1812,1831]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">P. Hawkes</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FAB7F880BE8D0475" box="[1345,1439,1812,1831]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">M. Bhoke</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FCC4F8A7B8840417" box="[818,918,1842,1861]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">U. Richard</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB8726E56FFF81FC5EF8A7BF980417" box="[936,1162,1842,1861]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Mkomazi Game Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, forest above
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FAF1F8A7BE2E0417" box="[1287,1340,1842,1861]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Ibaya</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FAB2F8A7BE8C0417" box="[1348,1438,1842,1861]" degrees="3.96667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="-3.96667">−3.96667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FCC4F8DAB89F0430" box="[818,909,1871,1890]" degrees="37.78333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="37.78333">37.78333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, montane forest,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FBB4F8DABF9E0430" box="[1090,1164,1871,1890]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Winkler</collectorName>
|
||
bag extraction from sifted leaf litter from fern-covered rock,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE56FFF81FB76F8F9BFF9042D" box="[1152,1259,1900,1919]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1995-11-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E56FFF81FB76F8F9BFF9042D" box="[1152,1259,1900,1919]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1995-11-27">27.XI.1995</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56FFF81FB0AF8F8BE87042D" box="[1276,1429,1900,1920]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE56FFF81FB0AF8F8BE87042D" box="[1276,1429,1900,1920]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">H.G. Robertson</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E56FFF81FCC4F81FBF3604CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE56FFF86FF64F9A1BA0F04DC:8EAF4B87E56FFF81FCC4F81FBF3604CF" box="[818,1060,1930,1949]" country="Tanzania" county="Ndudulu Forest Reserve" latitude="-3.91667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.76667" municipality="Mkomazi Game Reserve" name="Mkomazi Game Reserve" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Iringa">Mkomazi Game Reserve</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E56FFF81FBC2F81FBFDA04CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE56FFF86FF64F9A1BA0F04DC:8EAF4B87E56FFF81FBC2F81FBFDA04CF" box="[1076,1224,1930,1949]" country="Tanzania" county="Ndudulu Forest Reserve" latitude="-3.91667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.76667" municipality="Mkomazi Game Reserve" name="Kinondo forest" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Iringa">Kinondo forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FB2EF81FBE2104CF" box="[1240,1331,1930,1949]" degrees="3.91667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="-3.91667">−3.91667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE56FFF81FAB2F81FBE8D04CF" box="[1348,1439,1930,1949]" degrees="37.76667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="37.76667">37.76667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FF64FDD7BBF70101" bold="true" box="[146,229,578,595]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE569FF87FF64FDD7BBD40101" box="[146,198,578,595]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Model</collectorName>
|
||
14.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
3D surface model of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE569FF87FE52FDD7B9730101" authority="Weber, 1949" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1949" box="[420,609,578,595]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FE52FDD7BAE60101" box="[420,500,578,595]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">D. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE569FF87FE0CFDD7B9730101" author="Weber, N. A." box="[506,609,578,595]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 9" part="1398" refId="ref67334" refString="Weber, N. A. 1949. New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa. Am. Mus. Novit. 1398: 1 - 9." title="New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa" type="journal article" year="1949">Weber, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CASENT0235472).
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE569FF87FF64FDCEBBBB013E" box="[146,169,603,620]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">An</collectorName>
|
||
interactive version of this model is available in the HTML version of this article online and at https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/9fe9753fa49a435db58 38fb0d6486dbf
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F4DD4E56EFF80FF64F963BAE4043F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542226" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542226/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" startId="59.[146,173,1782,1799]" targetBox="[202,1386,147,1747]" targetPageId="59">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE56EFF80FF64F963BAE4043F" blockId="59.[146,1444,1782,1901]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56EFF80FF64F963BBDE0455" bold="true" box="[146,204,1782,1799]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 47.</emphasis>
|
||
Still images from shaded surface display volume renderings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE56EFF80FD29F963B8870455" authority="Weber, 1949" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1949" box="[735,917,1782,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE56EFF80FD29F963B83F0455" box="[735,813,1782,1799]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">D. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE56EFF80FCC6F963B8870455" author="Weber, N. A." box="[816,917,1782,1799]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 9" part="1398" refId="ref67334" refString="Weber, N. A. 1949. New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa. Am. Mus. Novit. 1398: 1 - 9." title="New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa" type="journal article" year="1949">Weber, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CASENT0235472) showing virtually segmented body parts. (A) Body in dorsal view, (B) body in profile, (C) head in full-face view, (D) head in dorsal view, (E) head in anterodorsal view, (F) head in anterior view, (G) head in profile, (H) head in ventral view, (I) posterior propodeum in posterior view, (J) petiole in profile, (K) petiole and gaster in profile, (L) petiole in dorsal view, (M) petiole in anterior view, (N) petiole oblique anterior view, (O) gaster in dorsal view, (P) petiole in ventral view, (Q) abdominal sternite 3 in ventral view, (R) mesotibia and mesotarsus in anterior view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FF64FD46BAF60641" blockId="60.[146,771,723,1299]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
montane forest, Winkler bag extraction ex leaf litter,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE569FF87FD85FD46B9D501B4" box="[627,711,723,742]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1996-05-09">9.V.1996</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FD25FD46BBE00051" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">H.G. Robertson</emphasis>
|
||
); Mkomazi Game Reserve, Maji Kununua,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FD52FD65B9EC0051" box="[676,766,752,771]" degrees="3.88333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="-3.88333">−3.88333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FF64FC98BBFF0072" box="[146,237,781,800]" degrees="37.81667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="37.81667">37.81667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E569FF87FF0EFC98BA510073" box="[248,323,781,801]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane forest, Winkler bag leaf litter extraction,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE569FF87FF30FCBFBA3E006F" box="[198,300,810,829]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1995-12-07">7.XII.1995</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FECBFCBEBAC4006F" box="[317,470,810,830]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">H.G. Robertson</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE569FF87FE1BFCBEB988006C" box="[493,666,811,830]" country="Tanzania" name="Morogoro" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Morogoro Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Mamiwa- Kisara Forest Reserve,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FE8BFCDDBAC50009" box="[381,471,840,859]" degrees="6.37530" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="-6.3753">−6.37530</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FE1FFCDDB9560009" box="[489,580,840,859]" degrees="36.93711" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="36.93711">36.93711</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E569FF87FDA3FCDDB9B40009" box="[597,678,840,859]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.989" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1989.0">1989 m</quantity>
|
||
, primary forest, leaf litter, Winkler,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE569FF87FE89FCF0B90D002A" box="[383,543,869,888]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2005-08-16" valueMax="2005-08-21" valueMin="2005-08-16">16.–21.VIII.2005</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FDDAFCF3BBE200C7" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">P. Hawkes, J. Makwati, R. Mtana</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE569FF87FEFDFC16BAAE00C4" box="[267,444,899,918]" country="Tanzania" name="Morogoro" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Morogoro Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Mamiwa-Kisara Forest Reserve,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FF64FC35BBFE00E1" box="[146,236,928,947]" degrees="6.37530" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="-6.3753">−6.37530</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FF0EFC35BA4100E1" box="[248,339,928,947]" degrees="36.93711" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="36.93711">36.93711</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E569FF87FEA9FC35BAB800E1" box="[351,426,928,947]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.989" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1989.0">1989 m</quantity>
|
||
, primary forest, pitfall trap,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE569FF87FD4AFC35BBFE0082" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2005-08-16" valueMax="2005-08-21" valueMin="2005-08-16">16.–21. VIII.2005</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FF0AFC2BB92C0082" box="[252,574,957,976]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">P. Hawkes, J. Makwati, R. Mtana</emphasis>
|
||
); South Pare Forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FF64FC4FBBEA00BF" box="[146,248,986,1005]" degrees="4.130556" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="-4.130556">−4.130556</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FEF3FC4EBA7200BC" box="[261,352,987,1006]" degrees="37.88389" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="37.88389">37.88389</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, montane forest, Winkler bag leaf litter extraction,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE569FF87FF1AFC6DBA450759" box="[236,343,1016,1035]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1995-11-29">29.XI.1995</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FE9DFC6DB9140759" box="[363,518,1016,1035]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">H.G. Robertson</emphasis>
|
||
); South Pare Mountains,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FF64FB80BBFE077A" box="[146,236,1045,1064]" degrees="4.13333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="-4.13333">−4.13333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FF01FB80BA40077A" box="[247,338,1045,1064]" degrees="37.88333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="37.88333">37.88333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E569FF87FEAAFB80BAB4077B" box="[348,422,1045,1065]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.598" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1598.0">1598 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane forest, Winkler bag extraction ex leaf litter,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE569FF87FEB6FBA6BAB50714" box="[320,423,1075,1094]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1996-04-18">18.IV.1996</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE569FF87FE40FBA6B9210717" authority="Noort" authorityName="Noort" box="[438,563,1075,1094]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="van">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FE40FBA6B9210717" box="[438,563,1075,1094]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">S. van Noort</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE569FF87FDBEFBA6B9DE0714" box="[584,716,1075,1094]" country="Tanzania" name="Tanga" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Tanga Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Nilo Forest Reserve,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FED3FBC5BA6D0731" box="[293,383,1104,1123]" degrees="4.91456" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="-4.91456">−4.91456</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE569FF87FE7CFBC5BAF70731" box="[394,485,1104,1123]" degrees="38.67712" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="38.67712">38.67712</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E569FF87FE19FBC5B92A0731" box="[495,568,1104,1123]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0059999999999998" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1006.0">1006 m</quantity>
|
||
, primary forest, hand collected,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE569FF87FF07FBF8BA7E07D2" box="[241,364,1133,1152]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2005-09-01" valueMax="2005-09-04" valueMin="2005-09-01">1.–4.IX.2005</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FE8AFBFBB9AD07D2" box="[380,703,1133,1152]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">P. Hawkes, J. Makwati, R. Mtana</emphasis>
|
||
); West Usambara Mountains, Shume Gologolo, −4.70, 38.23, disturbed montane forest, Winkler bag extraction ex leaf litter,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE569FF87FD54FB3DB81007E9" box="[674,770,1192,1211]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1996-05-13">13.V.1996</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FF6FFB50BA27078A" box="[153,309,1221,1240]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">H.G. Robertson</emphasis>
|
||
); West Usambara Mountains, Site 2, −4.733, 38.25,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E569FF87FF24FB76BA0807A4" box="[210,282,1251,1270]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.001" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="2001.0">2001 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane forest, Winkler bag extraction ex leaf litter,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE569FF87FF64FA95BBF70641" box="[146,229,1280,1299]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1996-05-01">1.V.1996</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FF05FA95BAC50640" box="[243,471,1280,1299]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
M. Stander,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE569FF87FE96FA95BAC50640" authority="Noort" authorityName="Noort" box="[352,471,1280,1299]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="van">S. van Noort</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E569FF87FF64FAD0BA1A05EA" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FF64FAD0BBFE060A" blockId="60.[146,770,1349,1720]" box="[146,236,1349,1368]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E569FF87FF64FAD0BBFE060A" bold="true" box="[146,236,1349,1368]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FF64FAD0BBFE060A" bold="true" box="[146,236,1349,1368]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FF64FAF6BA1A05EA" blockId="60.[146,770,1349,1720]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
The following character combination distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE569FF87FD6CFAF6B8100627" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1949" box="[666,770,1379,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FD6CFAF6B8100627" box="[666,770,1379,1397]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">D. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the remainder of the complex: standing pilosity absent from mesosoma and abdominal terga; propodeum without strong angles or denticles; eyes present, relatively large, and round (OI 5–8); in dorsal view mesosoma relatively slender (DMI 52–58; DMI2 78–87) and moderately narrowed posteriorly; in profile mesosomal outline comparatively flat; mesotibia without apicoventral spur; petiolar node strongly attenuated dorsally (DPeI 314–489; LPeI 314–467); sculpture generally reduced, declivitous face of propodeum without foveolae; color highly variable: unicolorous matte orange to very deep brown with yellowish appendages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E569FF86FF64F976BAC0003A" lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FF64F976B93205A7" blockId="60.[146,770,1762,1958]" box="[146,544,1762,1782]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FF64F976BACF05A7" bold="true" box="[146,477,1762,1782]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Worker Measurements and Indices (</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FE2BF976BAFB05A7" box="[477,489,1763,1781]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">n</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FE19F976B93205A7" bold="true" box="[495,544,1762,1782]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">= 15)</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FF64F895BAE304F4" blockId="60.[146,770,1762,1958]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
EL 0.03–0.04; HL 0.38–0.54; HW 0.30–0.47; SL 0.19–0.30;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE569FF87FD12F895B8100441" box="[740,770,1792,1811]" name="Philippines" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.19–0.28; DML 0.26–0.39; PW 0.23–0.33; PrH 0.23–0.34; WL 0.40–0.57; HFL 0.22–0.35; PeL 0.04–0.07; PeW 0.16–0.22; PeH 0.16–0.22; LT3 0.28–0.40; LT4 0.24–0.38; OI 5–8; CI 78–87; SI 50–58; LMI 44–50; DMI 52–58; DMI2 78–87; ASI 85–98; HFI 54–63; DPeI 314–489; LPeI 314–467.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FCC4FF03B8F503FA" blockId="60.[818,1442,149,1958]" box="[818,999,149,169]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E569FF87FCC4FF03B8F503FA" bold="true" box="[818,999,149,169]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FCC4FF03B8F503FA" bold="true" box="[818,999,149,169]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Worker Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FCC4FF26BF5D0093" blockId="60.[818,1442,149,1958]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FCC4FF26B8760394" box="[818,868,179,198]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Head</emphasis>
|
||
conspicuously longer than broad (CI 78–87), posterior head margin straight to convex, posterodorsal corners of head broadly rounded; sides of head in frontal view gently subparallel to convex posterad eyes, very slightly concave between eyes and anterolateral corner of gena; eyes present, relatively large (OI 5–8), round, comprising several ommatidia, placed about a third of the way between anterolateral corner of gena and posterior head margin; eyes visible in frontal view; frontal lamella fairly short and triangular in profile, apex rounded to acute; lamella more or less evenly translucent across its disc, sometimes with a thinner basal spot, but lacking a distinct fenestra; medial clypeus convex, lateral clypeus curving broadly between antennal sockets and anterolateral corners of head, bearing short, curved setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FBD8FD86BF6E0174" box="[1070,1148,531,550]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
with shorter to moderately long scape (SI 50–58), scape slightly expanded apically, very gently bent; pedicel campaniform, slightly longer than broad; true antennomere count eight; apparent antennomere count seven to ten, flagellomeres basad apical club highly compressed, taken together only about as long as apical club.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FBD5FD30BF8F01EA" box="[1059,1181,677,696]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ventral head</emphasis>
|
||
with narrowly carinulate, V-shaped preoccipital ridge without anteromedian carina; medial area of hypostoma triangular, arms slightly narrowed, similar in width across their length; palpal formula not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FABCFD68BEB00042" box="[1354,1442,765,784]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Mandible</emphasis>
|
||
edentate except for small, curved prebasal denticle; occasionally a slight preapical swelling present; basal angle rounded; ectal face with weak carina running from about midway between basal angle and prebasal denticle or mandibular apex, becoming confluent with masticatory margin around halfway along its length, leaving a short, comma-shaped depressed area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FCA4FC5EBF4907B4" blockId="60.[818,1442,149,1958]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FCA4FC5EB8A6008F" box="[850,948,971,989]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
sloping posteroventrally, pronotum clearly higher than propodeum; in dorsal view mesosoma relatively slender (DMI 52–58; DMI2 78–87) and moderately narrowed posteriorly, pronotum somewhat wider than propodeum; pronotal humeri rounded; posterior propodeal margin straight; posterodorsal corners of propodeum rounded angulate but not denticulate; declivitous face of propodeum slightly to moderately concave in profile and oblique posterior view; propodeal spiracle small but sometimes distinct (more so in darker morphs), directed posterolaterally; propodeal lobes well-developed, flangelike.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FCA4FB64BE4E066C" blockId="60.[818,1442,149,1958]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FCA4FB64B86F0651" box="[850,893,1265,1283]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
short to intermediate in length (HFI 54–63) and somewhat narrow; mesotibia without apicoventral spur; mesobasitarsus fairly short, subequal in length to tarsomeres II–IV taken together.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FCA4FADDBE880514" blockId="60.[818,1442,149,1958]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FCA4FADDB8DC0609" box="[850,974,1352,1371]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Petiolar node</emphasis>
|
||
attenuated dorsally, somewhat variable in shape, about 2.9 to 3.8 times higher than long (LPeI 286–383); in profile anterior face of node convex, apex peaked, somewhat rounded to subacute, posterior face posteroventrally sloping to subvertical; in dorsal view, node rectangular, about 3.0 to 3.8 times broader than long (DPeI 300–383), sides subparallel to slightly divergent posteriorly; in anterior view, petiolar outline pentagonal, angles well-rounded; in oblique anterodorsal view, anterior face flat; subpetiolar process variable in shape, dentate to broadly lobate, apex acute to rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE569FF87FCA4F9C5BFB104F4" blockId="60.[818,1442,149,1958]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE569FF87FCA4F9C5BF0C0531" box="[850,1054,1616,1635]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Abdominal segment 3</emphasis>
|
||
campaniform, widest just anterad end of segment; tergite slightly anteriorly prolonged over petiole; sternite evenly curved to posteriorly bulging in profile (deepest point at around or slightly posterad longitudinal midline);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE569FF87FAD1F93DBE5605E9" box="[1319,1348,1704,1723]" name="American Samoa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3 without median ridge, without carinate prora, but anterior face still depressed, anterior margin of ventral face flat to weakly concave in ventral view; AT3 and AT4 approximately equal in length, or AT4 only slightly (about 1.2 times) longer than AT3 (ASI 100–115); AT4 gently recurved, hemidemispherical;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE569FF87FB62F8AEBFBD041C" box="[1172,1199,1851,1870]" name="American Samoa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
4 with poorly developed anterior lip, overlapping slightly more than half the width of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE569FF87FA81F8CDBE870439" box="[1399,1429,1880,1899]" name="American Samoa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3, anterior margin straight in ventral view; successive abdominal segments short, telescopic, often concealed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FF44FF00BADB02C1" blockId="61.[146,770,149,872]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FF44FF00BA1B03FA" box="[178,265,149,168]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Sculpture</emphasis>
|
||
on head, mesosoma, and petiole very finely, shallowly punctulate, often appearing colliculate or even scabriculous in darker morphs; punctulae on lateral mesosoma becoming reticulate to substrigulate; declivitous face of propodeum predominantly smooth; mandibles similarly sculptured to head, somewhat shining between piligerous punctulae; abdominal segment 3 with coarser, more distinct punctae, similarly distributed on tergite and sternite; AT4 with minute but distinct, very densely arranged piligerous punctae, clearly shinier than AT3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FF44FE0BBA4A007C" blockId="61.[146,770,149,872]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FF44FE0BBA1102E3" box="[178,259,414,433]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Setation</emphasis>
|
||
mostly consisting of appressed white pubescence, of similar density on head and mesosomal dorsum, generally longer and denser on gastral terga, more dilute on lateral mesosoma and lateral portions of abdominal terga; setae on head often inclined towards the longitudinal midline; ectal face of mandible with moderately long, fine, appressed to decumbent setae; masticatory margin with row of straight, stout setae; occasionally a few short decumbent to erect hairs present on dorsal surfaces, particularly of AT3; appearance of setation highly variable between color morphs: in light individuals pubescence inconspicuous, while very distinct on dark individuals; abdominal segments 5 through 7 with long, flexuous standing setae. Appendages with well-developed, evenly distributed appressed pubescence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FF44FCADBAC0003A" blockId="61.[146,770,149,872]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FF44FCADBBF50019" box="[178,231,824,843]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Color</emphasis>
|
||
highly variable: unicolorous matte orange to very deep brown with yellowish appendages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E568FF86FF64FC00B9480769" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FF64FC00BA6A00FA" blockId="61.[146,770,917,1083]" box="[146,376,917,937]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E568FF86FF64FC00BA6A00FA" bold="true" box="[146,376,917,937]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FF64FC00BA6A00FA" bold="true" box="[146,376,917,937]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Distribution and Biology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FF64FC26B9480769" blockId="61.[146,770,917,1083]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE568FF86FF64FC26BA5C0097" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1949" box="[146,334,947,966]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FF64FC26BA5C0097" box="[146,334,947,966]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Discothyrea patrizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from montane forests in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE568FF86FD6BFC26B9CB0094" box="[669,729,947,966]" name="Kenya" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE568FF86FF64FC45BBFA00B1" box="[146,232,976,995]" name="Tanzania" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B01D9E568FF86FF01FC45BA5200B1" box="[247,320,976,995]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[146,173,1283,1300]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1247]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,147,1248]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Discothyrea species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542140/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 4N</figureCitation>
|
||
) where it usually occurs at high elevations between around
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E568FF86FEEAFC78BA770753" box="[284,357,1005,1025]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E568FF86FE60FC7BBAF30753" box="[406,481,1006,1025]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
|
||
, though a few specimens have been collected both lower and higher than this range. Based on collection techniques it likely inhabits leaf litter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F4DD4E568FF86FCC4FBB0BE72073B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542228" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542228" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542228/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" startId="61.[818,845,1061,1078]" targetBox="[819,1440,147,1026]" targetPageId="61">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FCC4FBB0BE72073B" blockId="61.[818,1444,1061,1129]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FCC4FBB0B8640764" bold="true" box="[818,886,1061,1078]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 48.</emphasis>
|
||
Stacked digital color images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE568FF86FB5FFBB0BE180764" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[1193,1290,1061,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penthos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FB5FFBB0BE180764" box="[1193,1290,1061,1078]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">D. penthos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E568FF86FAE1FBB0BE5F0764" box="[1303,1357,1061,1078]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
paratype (CASENT0247383—from https://www.antweb.org, photographerWill Ericson). (A) body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E568FF86FF64FBFDBA0F04DC" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FF64FBFDBBE40729" blockId="61.[146,770,1128,1646]" box="[146,246,1128,1147]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E568FF86FF64FBFDBBE40729" bold="true" box="[146,246,1128,1147]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FF64FBFDBBE40729" bold="true" box="[146,246,1128,1147]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FF64FB10BA09053C" blockId="61.[146,770,1128,1646]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Despite an intensive search in the MCZC collection in collaboration with the curatorial staff, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE568FF86FE15FB36B92407E4" box="[483,566,1187,1206]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was not to be found and is presumably lost. Fortunately, however, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE568FF86FD77FB54B9C60786" box="[641,724,1217,1236]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
was available for examination (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B01D9E568FF86FE6EFB48BAC907A2" box="[408,475,1245,1264]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[146,173,1061,1078]" captionText="Fig. 45. Stacked digital color images of D. patrizii Weber, 1949 holotype (MCZ_Type_32184). (A) Body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
). In this case, we refrain from designating a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE568FF86FEE0FB6EBA73065C" box="[278,353,1275,1294]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
since the identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE568FF86FDDDFB6EB99C065F" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1949" box="[555,654,1275,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FDDDFB6EB99C065F" box="[555,654,1275,1293]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">D. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clear and stable. The original description does not provide any significant details that could distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE568FF86FE47FAA3B907061A" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1949" box="[433,533,1334,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FE47FAA3B907061A" box="[433,533,1334,1352]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">D. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE568FF86FD78FAA0B9E9061A" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1913" box="[654,763,1333,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FD78FAA0B9E9061A" box="[654,763,1333,1352]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- complex species, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE160ADE568FF86FE96FAC6BAF60634" author="Weber, N. A." box="[352,484,1363,1382]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novit." pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 9" part="1398" refId="ref67334" refString="Weber, N. A. 1949. New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa. Am. Mus. Novit. 1398: 1 - 9." title="New ponerine ants from equatorial Africa" type="journal article" year="1949">Weber (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed antennomere count (an unstable character; see Materials and Methods) and the shape of the frontal lamella as diagnostic features delineating the species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE568FF86FF31FA3EBA4006EC" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1913" box="[199,338,1451,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FF31FA3EBA4006EC" box="[199,338,1451,1470]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">D. traegaordhi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE568FF86FE75FA3EBAF606EC" authorityName="Arnold" authorityYear="1916" box="[387,484,1451,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewitti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FE75FA3EBAF606EC" box="[387,484,1451,1470]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">D. hewitti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE568FF86FDECFA3EB97F06EC" box="[538,621,1451,1470]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen however, while in less than ideal condition, is well enough preserved to associate it with recently collected material, from which a thorough description and diagnosis are possible. Despite the apparent rarity prior to this study, after association of most of the unidentified material to the type,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE568FF86FE62F9ABBAE50502" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1949" box="[404,503,1598,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patrizii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FE62F9ABBAE50502" box="[404,503,1598,1616]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">D. patrizii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
turns out to be widespread in East Africa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FF64F905BBFA05F1" blockId="61.[146,770,1680,1934]" box="[146,232,1680,1699]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E568FF86FF64F905BBFA05F1" bold="true" box="[146,232,1680,1699]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE568FF86FF64F905BBFA05F1" bold="true" box="[146,232,1680,1699]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE568FF86FF64F938BA0F04DC" blockId="61.[146,770,1680,1934]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Varies most noticeably in color, which ranges from uniformly matte orange (as in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE568FF86FE7DF95EBAF3058C" box="[395,481,1739,1758]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, see
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B01D9E568FF86FDE0F95EB94C058C" box="[534,606,1739,1758]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[146,173,1061,1078]" captionText="Fig. 45. Stacked digital color images of D. patrizii Weber, 1949 holotype (MCZ_Type_32184). (A) Body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
) to dark earthy brown with yellowish appendages, as in many Tanzanian individuals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B01D9E568FF86FF31F890BA1E044A" box="[199,268,1797,1816]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[818,845,1061,1078]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,147,1026]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 46. Stacked digital color images of D. patrizii Weber, 1949 (CASENT0235472—from https://www.antweb.org, photographerWill Ericson). (A) body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542224/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pubescence is not highly variable in development, but is much less conspicuous on lighter morphs, while contrasting in darker forms. The subpetiolar process is quite variable, too, ranging from dentate with apex acute to broadly lobate, with apex rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |