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<document id="D5641B16951C7D724D64C994CA1BE73B" ID-CLB-Dataset="27575" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4554.1.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ff7707f0-058f-4f40-8eb8-2b6c9c75a173" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2623565" ID-ZooBank="A804E949-109A-468D-B58B-CF7C8BCB3059" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1554271225461" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Vandenberg, Natalia J. &amp; Hanson, Paul E." docDate="2019" docId="DF18F971FFC70B2CFF4BFA206D1BBE47" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4554.1.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4554 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Diomini Gordon 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="261" masterDocId="23218109FFC20B2BFFDCFFF96C54BC27" masterDocTitle="Overview of the lady beetle tribe Diomini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and description of a new phytophagous, silk-spinning genus from Costa Rica that induces food bodies on leaves of Piper (Piperaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="285" masterPageNumber="255" pageNumber="260" updateTime="1728643685052" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="741FBF1CB24234A8CD4291CDE49AABBD">Overview of the lady beetle tribe Diomini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and description of a new phytophagous, silk-spinning genus from Costa Rica that induces food bodies on leaves of Piper (Piperaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7CC1E9B9C6B71CA1250E058AD53ABC4A">Vandenberg, Natalia J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B9CD8231CC1AF3DAEDA925CDD6EB7F86">Hanson, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number id="4A3883D7B589212D92D71B325B6194BA">2019-02-08</mods:number>
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<treatment id="DF18F971FFC70B2CFF4BFA206D1BBE47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5921864" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154535000" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5921864" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF18F971FFC70B2CFF4BFA206D1BBE47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF18F971FFC70B2CFF4BFA206D1BBE47" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
<subSubSection id="1FAB1BECFFC70B2EFF4BFA206DAEB9D4" box="[151,506,1497,1523]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="570E4867FFC70B2EFF4BFA206DAEB9D4" blockId="5.[151,506,1497,1557]" box="[151,506,1497,1523]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
<heading id="0C46FF0BFFC70B2EFF4BFA206DAEB9D4" bold="true" box="[151,506,1497,1523]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" reason="1">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFF4BFA206DAEB9D4" bold="true" box="[151,506,1497,1523]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
Tribe
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFF3EFA206DAEB9D4" ID-CoL="CFS94" authority="Gordon, 1999" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[226,506,1497,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">
Diomini
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC70B2EFE92FA206DAEB9D4" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[334,506,1497,1523]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref20207" refString="Gordon, R. D. (1999) South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Part VI: A systematic revision of the South American Diomini, new tribe (Scymninae). Annales Zoologici, 49 (1), 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1999">Gordon, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1FAB1BECFFC70B2EFF4BFA056D4ABA32" box="[151,286,1532,1557]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" type="description">
<paragraph id="570E4867FFC70B2EFF4BFA056D4ABA32" blockId="5.[151,506,1497,1557]" box="[151,286,1532,1557]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
(
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC70B2EFF43FA056CB3BA32" box="[159,231,1532,1557]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
a–d)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1FAB1BECFFC70B2EFF4BF9BD6912BAB0" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="570E4867FFC70B2EFF4BF9BD6912BAB0" blockId="5.[151,1435,1604,1687]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="77A16F49FFC70B2EFF4BF9BD6912BAB0" infered="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFF4BF9BD6DDABA7D" ID-CoL="CFS94" authority="Gordon 1999: 3" authorityName="Gordon" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,398,1604,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">
Diomini
<treatmentCitation id="D6106E76FFC70B2EFF2EF9BD6DDABA7D" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[242,398,1604,1626]" page="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC70B2EFF2EF9BD6D2BBA7D" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[242,383,1604,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref20207" refString="Gordon, R. D. (1999) South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Part VI: A systematic revision of the South American Diomini, new tribe (Scymninae). Annales Zoologici, 49 (1), 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1999">Gordon 1999</bibRefCitation>
:3
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="880AF6C5FFC70B2EFE44F9BC6D9EBA7D" box="[408,458,1605,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFDC5F9BC6CA4BA5F" authority="Mulsant, 1850 Included" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1850" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFDC5F9BC6E3CBA7D" box="[537,616,1605,1626]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Diomus</emphasis>
Mulsant, 1850 Included
</taxonomicName>
taxa (new circumscription, excluding
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFD51F99B6F4ABA5F" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[653,798,1634,1656]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Magnodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFD51F99B6F4ABA5F" box="[653,798,1634,1656]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Magnodiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFC85F99B6FB2BA5F" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[857,998,1634,1656]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Erratodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFC85F99B6FB2BA5F" box="[857,998,1634,1656]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Erratodiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which we transfer to
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFB06F99B6939BA5F" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[1242,1389,1634,1656]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
; see “
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFF0EF9786D7FBAB0" box="[210,299,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Remarks</emphasis>
,” below):
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFE4AF97B6DB1BAB0" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1850" box="[406,485,1666,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFE4AF97B6DB1BAB0" box="[406,485,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Diomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFE2EF9786E24BAB0" box="[498,624,1665,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Decadiomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFE2EF9786E24BAB0" box="[498,624,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Decadiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFDA1F9786F5FBAB0" authorityName="Brethes" authorityYear="1925" box="[637,779,1665,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Heterodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFDA1F9786F5FBAB0" box="[637,779,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Heterodiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFCC4F9786F22BAB0" authorityName="Weise" authorityYear="1923" box="[792,886,1665,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Dichaina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFCC4F9786F22BAB0" box="[792,886,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Dichaina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC70B2EFC5FF9786F86BAB0" authorityName="Slipinski" authorityYear="2007" box="[899,978,1665,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Andrzej" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFC5FF9786F86BAB0" box="[899,978,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Andrzej</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the new genus described herein
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1FAB1BECFFC70B2DFF4BF93D68D4B813" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="570E4867FFC70B2DFF4BF93D6D0CBDAF" blockId="5.[151,1437,1732,2008]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC70B2EFF4BF93D6D45BAFA" bold="true" box="[151,273,1732,1757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Size minute to small (
<quantity id="9049E582FFC70B2EFDE3F93D6E82BAFB" box="[575,726,1732,1757]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="2.3" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="1.1">1.1–3.5 mm</quantity>
), pubescent; antenna (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC70B2EFC30F93D6831BAFA" box="[1004,1125,1732,1757]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Figs. 1a,b</figureCitation>
) composed of 10 or 11 antennomeres; pedicel bead like, articulated with and slightly narrower than scape, antennomere 3 elongate, 1.5–3× as long as antennomere 4; distal 3, 4, or 5 antennomeres forming slightly flattened asymmetrical compact club with oblique to truncate apex bearing concentration of short sensory setae (=sensilla). Mentum (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC70B2EFB4EF8D668B5BB6F" box="[1170,1249,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
) subtrapezoidal, tapered posteriorly, typically with anterior margin concave or bicuspidate. Terminal maxillary palpomere in repose free, not partially inserted beneath mentum, more or less expanded distally with sensory surface directed anteriorly or anteromedially. Tarsi trimerous (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC70B2EFDF9F8656E22BB93" box="[549,630,1948,1973]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
). Tibial spurs lacking. Abdomen with 6 visible ventrites; ventrite 1 and 2 partially fused medially. Abdominal postcoxal line (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC70B2EFCD2F8466F35BBFF" box="[782,865,1983,2008]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Fig. 1d</figureCitation>
) curving posterolaterally, merging with posterior margin of ventrite. Male genitalia with basal lobe (=penis guide sens. Ślipiński) distinctly asymmetrical to roughly symmetrical at least in outline; penis capsule with outer arm distinct to obsolete (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC40B2DFBC1FF4568CCBCF3" box="[1053,1176,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–12" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,212,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 3–12. Genitalia of Diomini and Selvadiina (Hyperaspidini): 3–6, female genitalia, dorsal view (spermatheca shaded gray): 3, Selvadius nunenmacheri Gordon 1970 (Hyperaspidini: Selvadiina), showing distal end of sperm duct and spermatheca, accessory gland not shown (after Gordon 1985); 4, Erratodiomus brindisi Gordon 1999 (Hyperaspidini: Selvadiina), bursa through spermatheca, accessory gland not shown (after Gordon 1999); 5, Decadiomus hughesi Gordon &amp; Hilburn 1990 (Diomini), bursa through spermatheca (note long convoluted sperm duct); 6, M. lachesis (Diomini) (A.g.= accessory gland); 7–12, male genitalia of Diomini, left lateral view of penis: 7, D. hughesi; 8, M. lachesis; 9, Diomus donatus Gordon (capsule); 10, M. lachesis (capsule); 11, Decadiomus bigemmeus (capsule); 12, Decadiomus liebecki (capsule)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2623569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623569/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Figs. 9–12</figureCitation>
). Female genitalia with spermathecal capsule well developed, except vestigial or absent in some Australian species; capsule with simple angular or C-shaped form, vermiform throughout or with swollen basal chamber; cornu of moderate length, not convoluted; ramus and nodulus sessile to weakly projecting; ramus with or without short beak-like projection (apodeme) overhanging attachment of accessory gland. Coxites teardrop or rhombus-shaped, with widely arcuate posterior margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="570E4867FFC40B2DFF1BFE6D6917BE8F" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
Members of
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFE83FE6D6DE8BD8A" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[351,444,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">Diomini</taxonomicName>
are most easily confused with other small pubescent lady beetles. The shape of the abdominal postcoxal line and wide posterior margin of the coxites will distinguish diomines from both
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFAE6FE4169C8BDE8" authorityName="Kugellan" authorityYear="1794" box="[1338,1436,440,463]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Scymnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFAE6FE4169C8BDE8" box="[1338,1436,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Scymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFF16FE256D4ABDD2" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[202,286,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Nephus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFF16FE256D4ABDD2" box="[202,286,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Nephus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including its subgenera sens.
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFD57FE256F70BDD2" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[651,804,476,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="1 - 912" refId="ref20125" refString="Gordon, R. D. (1985) The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of America north of Mexico. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 93, 1 - 912." type="journal article" year="1985">Gordon 1985</bibRefCitation>
which are now often accorded full generic status). In
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFF4BFDF96CADBE30" authorityName="Kugellan" authorityYear="1794" box="[151,249,512,535]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Scymnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFF4BFDF96CADBE30" box="[151,249,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Scymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFEEFFE066DD3BE3F" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[307,391,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Nephus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFEEFFE066DD3BE3F" box="[307,391,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Nephus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the postcoxal line does not reach the hind margin of the ventrite and the outer end is often recurved toward the base of the ventrite; the coxites are narrow and distally tapered rather than broad. Among New World species, the basal lobe of
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFDE9FDBE6EC6BE47" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[565,658,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">Diomini</taxonomicName>
is distinctly asymmetrical, while that of
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFB4BFDB168ADBE78" authorityName="Kugellan" authorityYear="1794" box="[1175,1273,584,607]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Scymnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFB4BFDB168ADBE78" box="[1175,1273,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Scymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is bilaterally symmetrical. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFE0CFD946E66BEA3" authorityName="Kugellan" authorityYear="1794" box="[464,562,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Scymnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFE0CFD946E66BEA3" box="[464,562,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Scymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFCAEFD956F9BBEA2" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[882,975,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">Diomini</taxonomicName>
by the possession of cryptotetramerous tarsi, and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFED8FD766D0CBE8F" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[260,344,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Nephus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFED8FD766D0CBE8F" box="[260,344,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Nephus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct in having the basal two antennomeres fused or tightly joined (non-articulated).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="570E4867FFC40B2DFF1BFD4D68D4B813" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
Pubescent members of the newly recircumscribed tribe
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFC8FFD4D6FA6BEEA" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[851,1010,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
(see “Remarks,” below) differ from
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFF4BFD2E6CA0BED7" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,244,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">Diomini</taxonomicName>
in possessing an antenna with a fusiform club (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC40B2DFCD8FD2E6F26BED7" box="[772,882,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Figs. 2a,b</figureCitation>
) bearing a proliferation of setae in a membranous area on the inner (medially facing) surface of the terminal antennomere and smaller membranous area on the inner distal margin of the penultimate antennomere (antennae directed anteriorly); terminal maxillary palpomere in repose (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC40B2DFF2CFCBD6D16BF7B" box="[240,322,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
, left side of image) with inner edge contiguous with or partially inserted beneath anterolateral lobe of large cordate mentum, with oblique sensory surface facing dorsally and pressed against ventral surface of head, and tarsi cryptotetramerous (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC40B2DFE07FC756E79BF83" box="[475,557,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
). Also in
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFD40FC756F6FBF82" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[668,827,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
the abdominal postcoxal line (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC40B2DFB4BFC7568BDBF82" box="[1175,1257,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
) does not reach the posterior margin of the ventrite and/or the outer end is recurved and directed toward or attains the anterior margin of the ventrite (see corresponding character states for
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFC85FC2D6FE2BFCA" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[857,950,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">Diomini</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC40B2DFC14FC2D685EBFCB" box="[968,1034,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) listed in the paragraph above this one). Members of the subtribe
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFE2FFC0E6E3DB837" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1985" box="[499,617,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Selvadiina">Selvadiina</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFDA5FC0E6F4FB837" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[633,795,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
) can further be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFB76FC0E6953B837" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[1194,1287,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">Diomini</taxonomicName>
based on the extremely elongate and convoluted cornu of the female spermathecal capsule (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC40B2DFBDAFBE56820B813" box="[1030,1140,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–12" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,212,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 3–12. Genitalia of Diomini and Selvadiina (Hyperaspidini): 3–6, female genitalia, dorsal view (spermatheca shaded gray): 3, Selvadius nunenmacheri Gordon 1970 (Hyperaspidini: Selvadiina), showing distal end of sperm duct and spermatheca, accessory gland not shown (after Gordon 1985); 4, Erratodiomus brindisi Gordon 1999 (Hyperaspidini: Selvadiina), bursa through spermatheca, accessory gland not shown (after Gordon 1999); 5, Decadiomus hughesi Gordon &amp; Hilburn 1990 (Diomini), bursa through spermatheca (note long convoluted sperm duct); 6, M. lachesis (Diomini) (A.g.= accessory gland); 7–12, male genitalia of Diomini, left lateral view of penis: 7, D. hughesi; 8, M. lachesis; 9, Diomus donatus Gordon (capsule); 10, M. lachesis (capsule); 11, Decadiomus bigemmeus (capsule); 12, Decadiomus liebecki (capsule)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2623569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623569/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1FAB1BECFFC40B2CFF1BFBC66D1BBE47" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="570E4867FFC40B2DFF1BFBC66EDFB9C3" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFF1BFBC66D6FB87F" bold="true" box="[199,315,1087,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFE9DFBC66DA2B87F" author="Slipinski, S. A." box="[321,502,1087,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" refId="ref22567" refString="Slipinski, S. A. (2007) Australian ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Their biology and classification. ABRS, Canberra, 288 pp." type="book" year="2007">Ślipiński (2007)</bibRefCitation>
diagnoses the
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFD46FBC66EA3B87F" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[666,759,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">Diomini</taxonomicName>
as lacking interfacetal setae, an ocular canthus, and stylus of the coxites (=female genital plates or hemisternites) (
<tableCitation id="1A337DDCFFC40B2DFD35FB9D6F15B85B" box="[745,833,1124,1149]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1004,1027]" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological and anatomical character states of Australian Diomini adults as reported in Ślipiński (2007)." pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Our own random sampling of
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFB74FB9D6951B85A" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[1192,1285,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">Diomini</taxonomicName>
exemplars in the USNM suggests that these structures are normally present, but at times difficult to see or lost through abrasion. Published digital images of Australian species also document the presence of these structures, at least in some species (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFEF0FB366D81B8CF" author="Slipinski, S. A." box="[300,469,1231,1256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" refId="ref22567" refString="Slipinski, S. A. (2007) Australian ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Their biology and classification. ABRS, Canberra, 288 pp." type="book" year="2007">Ślipiński 2007</bibRefCitation>
:figs. 298 &amp; 309;
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFD43FB286FFEB8CF" author="Pang, H. &amp; Slipinski, A." box="[671,938,1231,1257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="645 - 702" refId="ref21656" refString="Pang, H. &amp; Slipinski, A. (2010) Revision of the Australian Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Genus Diomus Mulsant. Part 2. Annales Zoologici, 60 (4), 645 - 702. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 000345410 X 550382" type="journal article" year="2010">Pang &amp; Ślipiński 2010</bibRefCitation>
:25d, showing coxites bearing styli;
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFA99FB286D6BB92A" author="Pang, H. &amp; Slipinski, A." pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="641 - 698" refId="ref21604" refString="Pang, H. &amp; Slipinski, A. (2009) Revision of the Australian Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). genus Diomus Mulsant. Part 1. Annales Zoologici, 59 (4), 641 - 698. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 000345409 x 485008" type="journal article" year="2009">Pang &amp; Ślipiński 2009</bibRefCitation>
:fig. 17b, showing frontal view of specimen with eyes bearing canthi and interfacetal setae). Other character states involving the number of antennomeres in the club and the presence or absence of an infundibulum in the female genitalia are difficult to assess because no consistent method for delineating the club has been presented, and the term “infundibulum” has not been well defined nor treated consistently by various authors. When
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFF3DFA7D6DC2B9BB" author="Slipinski, S. A." box="[225,406,1412,1437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" refId="ref22567" refString="Slipinski, S. A. (2007) Australian ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Their biology and classification. ABRS, Canberra, 288 pp." type="book" year="2007">Ślipiński (2007)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that certain genera “probably do not belong in
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFBC8FA7D6820B9BA" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[1044,1140,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Diomini">Diomini</taxonomicName>
” we assume from his later remarks that he intended to name the two taxa related to
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFCD1FA5E6865B9E7" box="[781,1073,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFCD1FA5E6F2CB9E7" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1899" box="[781,888,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Selvadius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Selvadius</taxonomicName>
—
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFC49FA5E6865B9E7" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[917,1073,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Erratodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Erratodiomus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFBBAFA5E6952B9E7" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[1126,1286,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Magnodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFBBAFA5E6952B9E7" box="[1126,1286,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Magnodiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—but instead mentioned
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFEC8FA356DE4B9C2" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[276,432,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Erratodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFEC8FA356DE4B9C2" box="[276,432,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Erratodiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFE3AFA356ED0B9C2" authorityName="Brethes" authorityYear="1925" box="[486,644,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Heterodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFE3AFA356ED0B9C2" box="[486,644,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Heterodiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="570E4867FFC40B2DFF1BFA166D00BB0F" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFF1BFA166D22BA2F" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[199,374,1519,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="1 - 912" refId="ref20125" refString="Gordon, R. D. (1985) The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of America north of Mexico. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 93, 1 - 912." type="journal article" year="1985">Gordon (1985)</bibRefCitation>
originally misinterpreted the unusual convoluted cornu of the spermathecal capsule in
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFF4BF9ED6D57BA0A" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,259,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Selvadius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFF4BF9ED6D57BA0A" box="[151,259,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Selvadius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC40B2DFECEF9ED6D00BA0B" box="[274,340,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–12" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,212,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 3–12. Genitalia of Diomini and Selvadiina (Hyperaspidini): 3–6, female genitalia, dorsal view (spermatheca shaded gray): 3, Selvadius nunenmacheri Gordon 1970 (Hyperaspidini: Selvadiina), showing distal end of sperm duct and spermatheca, accessory gland not shown (after Gordon 1985); 4, Erratodiomus brindisi Gordon 1999 (Hyperaspidini: Selvadiina), bursa through spermatheca, accessory gland not shown (after Gordon 1999); 5, Decadiomus hughesi Gordon &amp; Hilburn 1990 (Diomini), bursa through spermatheca (note long convoluted sperm duct); 6, M. lachesis (Diomini) (A.g.= accessory gland); 7–12, male genitalia of Diomini, left lateral view of penis: 7, D. hughesi; 8, M. lachesis; 9, Diomus donatus Gordon (capsule); 10, M. lachesis (capsule); 11, Decadiomus bigemmeus (capsule); 12, Decadiomus liebecki (capsule)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2623569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623569/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) as a continuation of the spermduct, and assumed that the spermatheca was lacking. He correctly interpreted the homologous structures in
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFDA8F9CE6F40BA77" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[628,788,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Magnodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFDA8F9CE6F40BA77" box="[628,788,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Magnodiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFC8DF9CE6FB9BA77" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[849,1005,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Erratodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFC8DF9CE6FB9BA77" box="[849,1005,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Erratodiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC40B2DFC23F9CE6812BA77" box="[1023,1094,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–12" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,212,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 3–12. Genitalia of Diomini and Selvadiina (Hyperaspidini): 3–6, female genitalia, dorsal view (spermatheca shaded gray): 3, Selvadius nunenmacheri Gordon 1970 (Hyperaspidini: Selvadiina), showing distal end of sperm duct and spermatheca, accessory gland not shown (after Gordon 1985); 4, Erratodiomus brindisi Gordon 1999 (Hyperaspidini: Selvadiina), bursa through spermatheca, accessory gland not shown (after Gordon 1999); 5, Decadiomus hughesi Gordon &amp; Hilburn 1990 (Diomini), bursa through spermatheca (note long convoluted sperm duct); 6, M. lachesis (Diomini) (A.g.= accessory gland); 7–12, male genitalia of Diomini, left lateral view of penis: 7, D. hughesi; 8, M. lachesis; 9, Diomus donatus Gordon (capsule); 10, M. lachesis (capsule); 11, Decadiomus bigemmeus (capsule); 12, Decadiomus liebecki (capsule)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2623569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623569/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFBBCF9CE68AFBA77" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[1120,1275,1591,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref20207" refString="Gordon, R. D. (1999) South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Part VI: A systematic revision of the South American Diomini, new tribe (Scymninae). Annales Zoologici, 49 (1), 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1999">Gordon 1999</bibRefCitation>
) but failed to consider their placement in
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFE0EF9A56E12BA52" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1985" box="[466,582,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Selvadiini">Selvadiini</taxonomicName>
, possibly due to his original misinterpretation. Gordon placed his new tribe
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFF4BF9866D5DBABF" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,265,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Selvadiini">Selvadiini</taxonomicName>
in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFE0AF9866E01BABF" box="[470,597,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scymninae">Scymninae</taxonomicName>
, but discussed similarities between
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFC2DF9866808BABF" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1899" box="[1009,1116,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Selvadius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFC2DF9866808BABF" box="[1009,1116,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Selvadius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and certain hyperaspidines, even referring to them as Hyperaspidinae in his tribal diagnosis.
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFCB8F95D686FBA9B" author="Vandenberg, N. J." box="[868,1083,1700,1725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="371 - 389" refId="ref22802" refString="Vandenberg, N. J. (2002) Coccinellidae Latreille 1807. In: Arnett, R. H. Jr., Thomas, M. C., Skelley, P. E. &amp; Frank, J. H. (Eds.), American Beetles. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 371 - 389." type="book chapter" year="2002">Vandenberg (2002)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFB02F95D6904BA9A" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1985" box="[1246,1360,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Selvadiini">Selvadiini</taxonomicName>
would be better placed in the Hyperaspidinae along with
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFD0DF93E6F24BAC7" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[721,880,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFC74F93E6809BAC7" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1850" box="[936,1117,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Brachiacanthini">Brachiacanthini</taxonomicName>
. These similarities had been previously noted by
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFEA0F9156E12BB22" author="Whitehead, V. B." box="[380,582,1772,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" refId="ref23164" refString="Whitehead, V. B. (1967) The validity of the higher taxonomic categories of the tribe Scymnini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Dissertation, Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology, University of California, Berkeley, 312 pp. [unpublished thesis]" type="book" year="1967">Whitehead (1967)</bibRefCitation>
who suggested that
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFCF6F9156FC1BB22" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1899" box="[810,917,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Selvadius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFCF6F9156FC1BB22" box="[810,917,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Selvadius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may bear a closer affiliation to
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFB25F91569C8BB22" authorityName="Crotch" authorityYear="1873" box="[1273,1436,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Hyperaspidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFB25F91569C8BB22" box="[1273,1436,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Hyperaspidius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFF37F8E96D19BB00" authorityName="Kugellan" authorityYear="1794" box="[235,333,1808,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Scymnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFF37F8E96D19BB00" box="[235,333,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Scymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="570E4867FFC40B2CFF1BF8CC6D1BBE47" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
In addition,
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFE93F8CD6F52BB6B" author="Vandenberg, N. J. &amp; Perez-Gelabert, D. E." box="[335,774,1844,1869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="39 - 46" refId="ref22866" refString="Vandenberg, N. J. &amp; Perez-Gelabert, D. E. (2007) Redescription of the Hispaniolan ladybird genus Bura Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and justification for its transfer from Coccidulinae to Sticholotidinae. Zootaxa, 1586 (1), 39 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1586.1.4" type="journal article" year="2007">Vandenberg and Perez-Gelabert (2007)</bibRefCitation>
noted that two South American genera,
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFB10F8CC6938BB6B" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1994" box="[1228,1388,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Mimoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFB10F8CC6938BB6B" box="[1228,1388,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Mimoscymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFF4BF8AE6D43BB57" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1994" box="[151,279,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Planorbata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFF4BF8AE6D43BB57" box="[151,279,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Planorbata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, originally placed in
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFDFEF8AE684DBB57" authority="(Coccidulinae) (Gordon 1994)" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1994" baseAuthorityName="Coccidulinae" box="[546,1049,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Coccidulini">
Coccidulini (Coccidulinae) (
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFCB3F8AE6845BB57" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[879,1041,1879,1904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="681 - 775" refId="ref20159" refString="Gordon, R. D. (1994) South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part IV: definition of Exoplectrinae Crotch, Azyinae Mulsant, and Coccidulinae Crotch; a taxonomic revision of Coccidulini. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 38, 681 - 775." type="journal article" year="1994">Gordon 1994</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, also belong in Hyperaspidinae.
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFF4BF8856D05BBB3" author="Slipinski, S. A." box="[151,337,1916,1941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" refId="ref22567" refString="Slipinski, S. A. (2007) Australian ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Their biology and classification. ABRS, Canberra, 288 pp." type="book" year="2007">Ślipiński (2007)</bibRefCitation>
concurred about the improper placement of
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFCBBF8856FB2BBB2" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1994" box="[871,998,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Planorbata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFCBBF8856FB2BBB2" box="[871,998,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Planorbata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but referred to it as “a ‘Scymninae’ genus,” possibly using the latter subfamily in the broad sense of Sasaji, which would have included
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFB31F8586939BB9F" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1844" box="[1261,1389,1953,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Hyperaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFB31F8586939BB9F" box="[1261,1389,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Hyperaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and allied genera.
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC40B2DFEEAF83D6E58BBFB" author="Seago, A. E. &amp; Giorgi, J. A. &amp; Li, J. &amp; Slipinski, A." box="[310,524,1988,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="137 - 151" refId="ref22430" refString="Seago, A. E., Giorgi, J. A., Li, J. &amp; Slipinski, A. (2011) Phylogeny, classification and evolution of ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) based on simultaneous analysis of molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 60 (1), 137 - 151. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2011.03.015" type="journal article" year="2011">
Seago
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC40B2DFE5EF83C6DEEBBFA" box="[386,442,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
reduced Hyperaspidinae to tribal level and placed
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC40B2DFB95F83D68AEBBFA" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1850" box="[1097,1274,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Brachiacanthini">Brachiacanthini</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFF69FF6E6D03BC97" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[181,343,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
. This action was followed by
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC50B2CFD74FF6E6FC5BC97" author="Gordon, R. D. &amp; Canepari, C. &amp; Hanley, G. A." box="[680,913,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref20253" refString="Gordon, R. D., Canepari, C. &amp; Hanley, G. A. (2014) South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Part XVI: systematic revision of Brachiacantha Dejean (Coccinellidae: Hyperaspidini). Insecta Mundi, 0 390, 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="2014">
Gordon
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFCD8FF606F69BC97" box="[772,829,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">et al.</emphasis>
(2014)
</bibRefCitation>
, although inconsistently within that paper, and mentioned but not employed in a subsequent work in that series (
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC50B2CFC50FF456829BCF2" author="Canepari, C. &amp; Gordon, R. D. &amp; Hanley, G. A." box="[908,1149,188,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref19046" refString="Canepari, C., Gordon, R. D. &amp; Hanley, G. A. (2016) South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Part XVII: Systematic revision of the genera Cyrea Gordon and Canepari and Tiphysa Mulsant (Hyperaspidinae: Brachiacanthini). Insecta Mundi, 0 486, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2016">
Canepari
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFC20FF446863BCF2" box="[1020,1079,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
). We follow
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC50B2CFACFFF456CB4BCDF" author="Seago, A. E. &amp; Giorgi, J. A. &amp; Li, J. &amp; Slipinski, A." pageId="7" pageNumber="262" pagination="137 - 151" refId="ref22430" refString="Seago, A. E., Giorgi, J. A., Li, J. &amp; Slipinski, A. (2011) Phylogeny, classification and evolution of ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) based on simultaneous analysis of molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 60 (1), 137 - 151. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2011.03.015" type="journal article" year="2011">
Seago
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFABDFF4469C8BCF2" box="[1377,1436,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
and various other modern authors in treating the
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFCC2FF266FE9BCDF" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[798,957,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
at tribal level, but recognize four distinct subtribes: Hyperaspidina, Brachiacanthina,
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFD58FEFD6EAEBD3A" authorityName="Vandenberg &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="2019" box="[644,762,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" status="stat. nov." subTribe="Selvadiina">Selvadiina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7EF6290EFFC50B2CFCDFFEFC6F3DBD3B" box="[771,873,261,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(for
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFC7FFEFD68E6BD3A" authority=", Magnodiomu" authorityName="Magnodiomu" box="[931,1202,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Selvadius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFC7FFEFD685ABD3A" box="[931,1038,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Selvadius</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFBC1FEFD68E6BD3A" box="[1053,1202,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Magnodiomu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFB2BFEFD69C7BD3A" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[1271,1427,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Erratodiomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFB2BFEFD69C7BD3A" box="[1271,1427,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Erratodiomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFF10FEDE6D28BD67" authorityName="Vandenberg &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="2019" box="[204,380,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" status="subtrib. nov." subTribe="Mimoscymnina">Mimoscymnina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7EF6290EFFC50B2CFE55FEDE6E74BD18" box="[393,544,295,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" rank="subTribe">subtribe nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(for
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFDBFFED06F57BD67" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1994" box="[611,771,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Mimoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFDBFFED06F57BD67" box="[611,771,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Mimoscymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFC99FEDE6F90BD67" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1994" box="[837,964,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Planorbata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFC99FEDE6F90BD67" box="[837,964,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Planorbata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="880AF6C5FFC50B2CFC06FED1685EBD67" box="[986,1034,296,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">type</typeStatus>
genus=
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFBB4FED0695CBD67" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1994" box="[1128,1288,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Mimoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFBB4FED0695CBD67" box="[1128,1288,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Mimoscymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), as distinct lineages each defined by one or more autapomorphies of the male and female genitalia. The placement of the
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFF4BFE966D59BDAF" authorityName="Vandenberg &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,269,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Selvadiina">Selvadiina</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFEEEFE966D85BDAF" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[306,465,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
is supported by the molecular phylogenies of
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC50B2CFC07FE8968E5BDAF" author="Seago, A. E. &amp; Giorgi, J. A. &amp; Li, J. &amp; Slipinski, A." box="[987,1201,367,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" pagination="137 - 151" refId="ref22430" refString="Seago, A. E., Giorgi, J. A., Li, J. &amp; Slipinski, A. (2011) Phylogeny, classification and evolution of ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) based on simultaneous analysis of molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 60 (1), 137 - 151. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2011.03.015" type="journal article" year="2011">
Seago
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFBFBFE886834BDAF" box="[1063,1120,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="33203596FFC50B2CFB35FE966CB5BD8A" author="Robertson, J. A. &amp; Slipinski, A. &amp; Moulton, M. &amp; Shockley, F. &amp; Giorgi, A. &amp; Lord, N. P. &amp; McKenna, D. D. &amp; Tomaszewska, W. &amp; Forrester, J. &amp; Miller, K. B. &amp; Whiting, M. F. &amp; McHugh, J. V." pageId="7" pageNumber="262" pagination="745 - 778" refId="ref22149" refString="Robertson, J. A., Slipinski, A., Moulton, M., Shockley, F. W, Giorgi, A., Lord, N. P., McKenna, D. D., Tomaszewska, W., Forrester, J., Miller, K. B., Whiting, M. F. &amp; McHugh, J. V. (2015) Phylogeny and classification of Cucujoidea and the recognition of a new superfamily Coccinelloidea (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia). Systematic Entomology, 40, 745 - 778. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12138" type="journal article" year="2015">
Robertson
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFABFFE8869C8BDAF" box="[1379,1436,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">et al.</emphasis>
(2015)
</bibRefCitation>
who show
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFEBEFE6D6D99BD8A" box="[354,461,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Selvadius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFEBEFE6D6D99BD8A" box="[354,461,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Selvadius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as clustering more closely with
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFCE4FE6D6F8ABD8A" authorityName=", Dejean" authorityYear="1837" box="[824,990,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Brachiacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFCE4FE6D6F8ABD8A" box="[824,990,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Brachiacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFBC8FE6C68C0BD8B" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1844" box="[1044,1172,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Hyperaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFBC8FE6C68C0BD8B" box="[1044,1172,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Hyperaspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than with
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFAD7FE6C693EBD8B" box="[1291,1386,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFAD7FE6C6932BD8B" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1850" box="[1291,1382,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diomus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The placement of
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFEF3FE4E6D8BBDF7" authorityName="Vandenberg &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="2019" box="[303,479,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" status="subtrib. nov." subTribe="Mimoscymnina">Mimoscymnina</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFDDFFE4E6EF5BDF7" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[515,673,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
is provisional, and based only on external morphological characters (
<figureCitation id="CF8A54E2FFC50B2CFF43FE256CB1BDD3" box="[159,229,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–2" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1772,1795]" captionTargetBox="[174,1423,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[168,1423,190,1748]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1–2. Diagrammatic representation of major diagnostic features of Diomini and Hyperaspidini: 1, Diomini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted; b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended; c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing trimerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing configuration of postcoxal line. 2, Hyperaspidini: a, ventral view of head capsule showing position of maxillary palp when retracted (left side of image) or extended (right side of image); b, left antennal club from dorsal view when extended (left image), same rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise to show membranous sensory patches of last two antennomeres (right image); c, apex of mesothoracic leg showing cryptotetramerous tarsus; d, left half of first abdominal ventrite showing various configurations of the postcoxal line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2623567/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) as there has not yet been a molecular study involving either
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFC6AFE246802BDD3" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1994" box="[950,1110,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Mimoscymnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFC6AFE246802BDD3" box="[950,1110,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Mimoscymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFB5DFE256954BDD2" authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1994" box="[1153,1280,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Planorbata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="65C59475FFC50B2CFB5DFE256954BDD2" box="[1153,1280,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Planorbata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Members of
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFF4BFE066D13BE3F" authorityName="Vandenberg &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,327,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" status="subtrib. nov." subTribe="Mimoscymnina">Mimoscymnina</taxonomicName>
can be readily distinguished from other members of
<taxonomicName id="90B133E4FFC50B2CFC60FE06680FBE3F" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" box="[956,1115,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyperaspidini">Hyperaspidini</taxonomicName>
by the elongate triangulate coxites of the female genitalia, and the male genitalia with the trabes much longer than the basal lobe and basal piece combined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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