970 lines
182 KiB
XML
970 lines
182 KiB
XML
<document id="E21B9900618948901B5BE06CEC032D6B" ID-CLB-Dataset="30149" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4415.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="efc997e8-29bf-4b9d-8dc8-488626b30627" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1242004" ID-ZooBank="862FFD70-CB4F-45EA-BF25-FED1B621842F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1525599794333" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gibson, Gary A. P." docDate="2018" docId="914F713CD766FFB8FF7DFC35148BCA6F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4415.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4415 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lutnes Cameron 1884" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="335" masterDocId="6D760944D764FFBEFFEAFF9A1573C957" masterDocTitle="Revision of Lutnes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae)" masterLastPageNumber="356" masterPageNumber="330" pageNumber="332" updateTime="1698541860721" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FBCA693D919A905A8CB3D692576A8979">Revision of Lutnes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7C9C6151A177DA9711A5D6874728B929">Gibson, Gary A. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B1C3BEBF4ACC9697CD8612E91756E804">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="61A06DDB3557B2D3553587069685ADF1">
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<mods:date id="206E59848988D2CD6B3C398B0FD7A091">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8552E8507A53652A923BA8CE71A3B57D">4415</mods:number>
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<treatment id="914F713CD766FFB8FF7DFC35148BCA6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5974373" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143811349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5974373" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:914F713CD766FFB8FF7DFC35148BCA6F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/914F713CD766FFB8FF7DFC35148BCA6F" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<subSubSection id="51FC93A1D766FFBCFF7DFC351415CA9D" box="[151,358,943,970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1959C02AD766FFBCFF7DFC351415CA9D" blockId="2.[151,358,943,970]" box="[151,358,943,970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<heading id="42117746D766FFBCFF7DFC351415CA9D" bold="true" box="[151,358,943,970]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D766FFBCFF7DFC351415CA9D" ID-CoL="62Y4R" authority="Cameron" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,358,943,970]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFF7DFC351415CA9D" bold="true" box="[151,358,943,970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFF7DFC351599CA9E" bold="true" box="[151,234,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Lutnes</emphasis>
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Cameron
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||
</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="51FC93A1D766FFBCFF7DFC6210FBCD3F" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1959C02AD766FFBCFF7DFC6217A2CD1D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1014,1128]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="39F6E704D766FFBCFF7DFC6217A2CD1D" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D766FFBCFF7DFC6214C0CD5B" ID-CoL="62Y4R" authority="Cameron, 1884: 125" authorityName="Cameron" authorityPageNumber="125" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,435,1014,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFF7DFC6215A8CD5A" box="[151,219,1016,1037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Lutnes</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9847E63BD766FFBCFF0BFC6C14C0CD5B" author="" box="[225,435,1014,1036]" page="125" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD766FFBCFF0BFC6C14F2CD5B" box="[225,385,1014,1036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" refId="ref19947" refString="Cameron, P. (1884) Hymenoptera (Families Tenthredinidae-Chrysididae). Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta, 1, 1 - 487, 20 pls." type="journal article">Cameron, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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: 125
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D766FFBCFDA6FC62160BCD5B" ID-CoL="3WGDS" authority="Cameron" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[588,888,1014,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornaticornis">
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<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFDA6FC621661CD5A" box="[588,786,1016,1037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Lutnes ornaticornis</emphasis>
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Cameron
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, by subsequent designation of
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<treatmentCitation id="9847E63BD766FFBCFB45FC6C10E3CD5B" author="" box="[1199,1424,1014,1036]" page="289" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD766FFBCFB45FC6C102DCD5B" box="[1199,1374,1014,1036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" refId="ref19798" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1904 a) Classification of the chalcid flies, or the superfamily Chalcidoidea, with descriptions of new species in the Carnegie Museum, collected in South America by Herbert H. Smith. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 1, i - xi, 225 - 551, pls. xxxi - xxxix. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10341" type="journal article">Ashmead, 1904a</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 289
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D766FFBCFF7DFB8F1766CD7C" authority="Girault, 1913: 67" authorityName="Girault" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,533,1045,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Parooderelloides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFF7DFB8F1436CD7C" box="[151,325,1045,1067]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Parooderelloides</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9847E63BD766FFBCFEBEFB8F1766CD7C" author="" box="[340,533,1045,1067]" page="67" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD766FFBCFEBEFB8F149BCD7C" box="[340,488,1045,1067]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" refId="ref20457" refString="Girault, A. A. (1913) More new genera and species of chalcidoid Hymenoptera from Paraguay. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (6), 51 - 69." type="journal article">Girault, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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: 67
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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–68. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D766FFBCFD19FB8F1115CD7C" ID-CoL="4DRSB" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[755,1126,1045,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Parooderelloides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biguttata">
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<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFD19FB8F117FCD7C" box="[755,1036,1045,1067]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Parooderelloides biguttata</emphasis>
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Girault
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, by monotypy and original designation. Synonymy by
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||
<treatmentCitation id="9847E63BD766FFBCFE36FBAE17E9CD1D" author="" box="[476,666,1076,1098]" page="217" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD766FFBCFE36FBAE171BCD1D" box="[476,616,1076,1098]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 217
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 219.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1959C02AD766FFBCFF7DFBC810FBCD3F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1014,1128]" box="[151,1416,1106,1128]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="39F6E704D766FFBCFF7DFBC810FBCD3F" box="[151,1416,1106,1128]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D766FFBCFF7DFBC81497CD3F" ID-CoL="62CTX" authority="Gibson, 1995: 147" authorityName="Gibson" authorityPageNumber="147" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,484,1106,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFF7DFBC81450CD3F" box="[151,291,1106,1128]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Argaleostatus</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="9847E63BD766FFBCFEC3FBC81497CD3F" author="" box="[297,484,1106,1128]" page="147" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD766FFBCFEC3FBC814C7CD3F" box="[297,436,1106,1128]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 147
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–150. Type species:
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||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D766FFBCFD59FBC816ACCD3F" ID-CoL="3CLLX" authority="Cameron" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[691,991,1106,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
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||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFD59FBC81609CD3F" box="[691,890,1106,1128]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Eupelmus testaceus</emphasis>
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Cameron
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, by original designation.
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<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFB0AFBC910F1CD3F" bold="true" box="[1248,1410,1107,1128]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">New synonymy</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="51FC93A1D766FFBDFF7DFB0F14BACDEA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="333" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="1959C02AD766FFBDFF7DFB0F1757CDCE" blockId="2.[151,1436,1173,2020]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2035]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="333" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
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||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFF7DFB0F1452CDF9" bold="true" box="[151,289,1173,1198]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Description</emphasis>
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. FEMALE.
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<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFE58FB0F1485CD85" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Mandibles bidentate, with acute ventroapical tooth and broad, truncate to slightly incurved dorsoapical margin</emphasis>
|
||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFDE2FB231711CD86" box="[520,610,1209,1234]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Figs 30</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFD98FB2317E1CD86" box="[626,658,1209,1233]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">47</figureCitation>
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||
). Head with frontal surface mostly punctate-reticulate to reticulaterugulose; in lateral view variable in shape, from lenticular (Neo, e.g.
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||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFC57FB461163CDA2" box="[957,1040,1244,1269]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
) to bluntly- (Neo, e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFACAFB461001CDA2" box="[1312,1394,1244,1269]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) or acutely-subtriangular (Afro,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFE37FA9A1756CC4E" box="[477,549,1280,1305]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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||
);
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||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFDD6FA9A143BCC6A" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">scrobal depression with carinate lateral margin recurved toward inner orbit ventrally</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFEB6FABE14DACC6A" box="[348,425,1316,1341]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFE50FABF14ABCC6A" box="[442,472,1317,1341]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFE02FABF1775CC6A" box="[488,518,1317,1341]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">21</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFDFCFABF1747CC6A" box="[534,564,1317,1341]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">30</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFDAFFABF17E2CC6A" box="[581,657,1317,1341]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">39, 40</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFD48FABF17B2CC6A" box="[674,705,1317,1341]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">47</figureCitation>
|
||
), though variably distinctly so, and with depression either not margined dorsally (Neo, e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFE08FADD174ACC37" box="[482,569,1351,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Figs 39</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFDACFAD21710CC37" box="[582,611,1352,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">47</figureCitation>
|
||
) or entirely carinate between inner orbits (Afro,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFB67FADD1180CC37" box="[1165,1267,1351,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Figs 3, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); interantennal prominence, lower face at least in part, and parascrobal region ventrally with whitish-translucent lanceolate setae (Neo, e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFEE6FA151412CCFF" box="[268,353,1423,1448]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Figs 13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFE87FA0A14F8CCFF" box="[365,395,1424,1448]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">21</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFE7CFA0A14C7CCFF" box="[406,436,1424,1448]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">40</figureCitation>
|
||
) or with more hairlike white setae (Afro,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFC6FFA1516BBCCFF" box="[901,968,1423,1448]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eye setose. Antenna with scape more or less cylindrical and flagellum with apical four funiculars at least subquadrate or only apical funicular slightly transverse (Neo, e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFE78FA4C149FCCB8" box="[402,492,1494,1519]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Figs 12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFE16FA4D176ACCB8" box="[508,537,1495,1519]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">24</figureCitation>
|
||
) or scape conspicuously compressed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFC36FA4C1150CCB8" box="[988,1059,1494,1519]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) and flagellum with apical four funiculars strongly transverse (Afro,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFDD3FA60170DCF44" box="[569,638,1530,1555]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum sometimes without visible collar (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFB51FA601061CF44" box="[1211,1298,1530,1555]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Figs 10</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFAF5FA61104DCF44" box="[1311,1342,1531,1555]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">37</figureCitation>
|
||
), sloped down from posterior margin and normally concealed by posterior of head, but if horizontal collar visible then transverse-triangular (lateral margins converging almost from posterolateral angle,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFB62F9D81191CF0D" box="[1160,1250,1602,1627]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
) to transversepentagonal (with short, subparallel margins posteriorly,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFCE1F9FF162DCF29" box="[779,862,1637,1662]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
), but collar at least divided mediolongitudinally by furrow, not distinctly depressed on either side of furrow, and with variably conspicuous and extensive black setae (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFF39F937146FCF91" box="[211,284,1709,1734]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFEC6F934143ACF91" box="[300,329,1710,1734]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">22</figureCitation>
|
||
) or, much less commonly, white setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFCFDF937161FCF91" box="[791,876,1709,1734]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
) at least along posterior margin; propleuron and prosternum with black or white setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFD9CF94B147BCE5A" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Mesoscutum mostly coarsely sculptured, reticulate to punctatereticulate</emphasis>
|
||
, though lateral flange more finely meshlike coriaceous-reticulate to transversely strigose;
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D766FFBCFB12F96E1711CE02" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">dorsally quite flat with lateral lobes only slightly convex relative to slightly concave median region, without conspicuously differentiated medial and lateral lobes</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFD4EF8A6179FCE02" box="[676,748,1852,1877]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFD10F8A7166BCE02" box="[762,792,1853,1877]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD766FFBCFCCFF8A71631CE02" box="[805,834,1853,1877]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">42</figureCitation>
|
||
) and often with a mixture of black hairlike setae and whitish hairlike to translucent, slender-lanceolate setae; lateral lobe at most longitudinally carinate within posterior half. Scutellar-axillar complex similarly sculptured as mesoscutum to more longitudinally reticulate-strigose; scutellum truncate along anterior margin but for distance less than half width of axilla. Specimen macropterous (fore wing extending about to apex of gaster) or brachypterous (fore wing at least extending distinctly over base of gaster, e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFEFCFF0D141FC9E7" box="[278,364,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFE9DFF0D14E6C9E7" box="[375,405,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">51</figureCitation>
|
||
, but at most about half length of gaster, e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFC6DFF0D16A8C9E7" box="[903,987,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
); fore wing without linea calva and
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFA87FF0D10E6C983" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">disc with mostly broadly lanceolate dark brown and/or orangish setae from basal fold to near apex of stv or pmv</emphasis>
|
||
, but more hairlike brown setae beyond level of stv or pmv and usually with hyaline region(s) with white hairlike setae behind mv (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFE7BFE9914A9C84C" box="[401,474,259,284]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFE0DFE991776C84B" box="[487,517,259,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFDF8FE991742C84B" box="[530,561,259,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">25</figureCitation>
|
||
); costal cell dorsally setose (Neo) or bare (Afro). Fore wing of macropterous female with disc extensively brown to orangish but variably patterned by hyaline regions with white setae, including either a posteriorly tapered (Afro,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFD63FED017B9C834" box="[649,714,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) or anterior and posterior hyaline regions (Neo,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFB01FED01033C834" box="[1259,1344,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFAA7FED11018C834" box="[1357,1387,331,355]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFA9CFED010E0C834" box="[1398,1427,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">52</figureCitation>
|
||
) behind marginal vein. Fore wing of brachypterous female at most only slightly bent at junction of meso- and metasoma; venation with differentiated stv and pmv; with similar setal and colour patterns as macropterous females (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFF14FE2F1426C899" box="[254,341,437,462]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 25</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFE88FE2F140CC899" box="[354,383,437,462]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">53</figureCitation>
|
||
) or hyaline regions without white setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFCA4FE2F16D0C899" box="[846,931,437,462]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prepectus bare (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFB74FE2F119CC899" box="[1182,1263,437,462]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
) or setose (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFF7DFE43159DC8A5" box="[151,238,473,498]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
); often subdivided near mid-length by variably distinct vertical line. Mesopleurosternum with at least mostly white hairlike to slender-lanceolate translucent setae on mesopectus anterolaterally and usually acropleuron anteriorly (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFEA6FDBB14D1CB6D" box="[332,418,545,570]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
), though often also with some dark hairlike setae dorsally below tegula (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFAD2FDBB10FCCB6E" box="[1336,1423,545,570]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Middle leg with mesotibial apical groove, mesotibial apical pegs over base of tibial spur, and mesobasitarsus with single row of pegs ventrally along anterior and posterior margins. Hind leg sometimes with metafemur compressed, but posterior margin neither acutely angled nor linearly white.
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFC13FD1611B1CBF2" bold="true" box="[1017,1218,652,677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Propodeum with</emphasis>
|
||
foramen ƞ-shaped incurved variably closely to v-like emarginate anterior margin such that plical region sometimes sublinear medially (Afro,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFF09FD491455CBBB" box="[227,294,723,748]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
: plr), to over half length of scutellum (Neo,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFCFBFD491615CBBB" box="[785,870,723,748]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFC98FD4916E3CBBB" box="[882,912,723,748]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFC71FD4916CACBBB" box="[923,953,723,748]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFC2FFD491690CBBB" box="[965,995,723,748]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">45</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFC04FD49117DCBBB" box="[1006,1038,723,748]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">58</figureCitation>
|
||
: plr), but at least
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFB27FD491017CBBB" bold="true" box="[1229,1380,723,748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">callar region</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFF7DFD6D15ADCA47" box="[151,222,759,784]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFF01FD6D1478CA47" box="[235,267,759,784]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">58</figureCitation>
|
||
: car)
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFEA3FD6D1197CA47" bold="true" box="[329,1252,759,784]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">quite broad, convex, and with variably distinct oblique postspiracular groove</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFACFFD6D101ECA47" box="[1317,1389,759,784]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFA93FD6210E4CA47" box="[1401,1431,760,784]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFF7DFC8115C5CA63" box="[151,182,795,820]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFF2EFC811597CA63" box="[196,228,795,820]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">58</figureCitation>
|
||
: psg)
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFEC7FC8114B7CA2C" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">extending from spiracle posteriorly to foramen at level of lateral margin of petiole, with the groove distinguishing variably coarsely sculptured medial region from smooth or at least less coarsely sculptured lateral region</emphasis>
|
||
(Neo,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFDFDFCF8171CCA2C" box="[535,623,866,891]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFD94FCF817EECA2C" box="[638,669,866,891]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFD41FCF817BACA2C" box="[683,713,866,891]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFD32FCF81784CA2C" box="[728,759,866,891]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">45</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFCECFCF81650CA2C" box="[774,803,866,891]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">58</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFCDFFCF81590CAC8" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">or more uniformly but distinctly sculptured callar region</emphasis>
|
||
(Afro:
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFED7FC1C14E1CAC8" box="[317,402,902,927]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gaster ovate or sides diverging posteriorly to about level of cerci, but about as long as combined length of head and mesosoma; often entirely dark (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFC6BFC3016A1CA95" box="[897,978,938,963]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
) but sometimes white dorsobasally (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFF7DFC57159FCAB1" box="[151,236,973,998]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
) and/or ventrobasally (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFDDEFC5717FECAB1" box="[564,653,973,998]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFD74FC57179FCAB1" box="[670,748,973,998]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">50, 51</figureCitation>
|
||
); posterior margin of tergites transverse or only shallowly emarginate; Gt1 smooth and shiny (Neo) to finely meshlike coriaceous (Afro,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFBAAFC6B11FBCD5D" box="[1088,1160,1009,1034]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) and Gt2–Gt4 variably sculptured, but at least Gt6 and syntergum meshlike granular or reticulate to reticulate-rugulose; syntergum variably strongly transverse and long relative to Gt6, but with abruptly recurved, comparatively small, yellowish or paler syntergal flange contrasting with otherwise darker tergite; ovipositor sheaths yellowish and not or only just projecting beyond syntergal flange.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1959C02AD767FFBDFF2DFB3F14BACDEA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2035]" box="[199,457,1188,1213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">MALE. Unrecognized.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="51FC93A1D767FFB8FF2DFB5D148BCA6F" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="336" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="1959C02AD767FFBDFF2DFB5D14F4CEA5" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFF2DFB5D1436CDB7" bold="true" box="[199,325,1223,1248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
. When
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD767FFBDFE48FB5D173BCDB7" box="[418,584,1223,1248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
established
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFD32FB5D1600CDB7" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[728,883,1223,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFD32FB5D1600CDB7" box="[728,883,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Argaleostatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFC4CFB5D11F6CDB7" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[934,1157,1223,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFC4CFB5D11F6CDB7" box="[934,1157,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Eupelmus testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
he combined the Greek words
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFF0FFB711435CC53" box="[229,326,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">argaleos</emphasis>
|
||
(meaning ‘troublesome’ or ‘vexatious’) and
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFCBBFB7716E1CC53" box="[849,914,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">statos</emphasis>
|
||
(meaning ‘standing’) to reflect the uncertain relationships of the taxon with other eupelmines and the correct classification of its only included species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD767FFBDFAA1FA95144ACC1C" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson (1995, p. 149)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFDD4FAA917AACC1B" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[574,729,1331,1356]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFDD4FAA917AACC1B" box="[574,729,1331,1356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Argaleostatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were distinguished by a unique structure of their propodeum: “conspicuously large (median length about 0.6 length of scutellar-axillar complex), with median carina, and
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFA86FACC14C7CCE1" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">with oblique furrow between spiracle and foramen separating coriaceous-reticulate anteromedian region from smooth and shiny lateral region</emphasis>
|
||
” (my italics) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFD8DFA0417B2CCE0" box="[615,705,1438,1463]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
: psg;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD767FFBDFCE7FA0416D6CCE0" box="[781,933,1438,1463]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 235, 236), in combination with their bidentate mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFE78FA58149FCC8D" box="[402,492,1474,1499]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
), flanged syntergum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFD1BFA581639CC8C" box="[753,842,1474,1499]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
|
||
), and colour pattern (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD767FFBDFBA5FA58119ACCA8" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, p. 148: “head metallic green with bronze luster under certain angles; mesosoma and metasoma yellowish”</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFAECFA7C10E2CCA8" box="[1286,1425,1510,1535]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 46–51</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, similar structures of the mandibles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD767FFBDFD49F99311F0CF75" box="[675,1155,1545,1570]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, table 1, character 1, state 2a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and syntergum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD767FFBDFAA3F9931753CF11" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, table 1, character 39, state 3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are shared with females of several other genera, including those of the much more speciose genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFE6EF9C81481CF3E" box="[388,498,1618,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFE6EF9C81481CF3E" box="[388,498,1618,1641]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Females of some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFD2EF9C81640CF3E" box="[708,819,1618,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFD2EF9C81640CF3E" box="[708,819,1618,1641]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, at least from the Neotropical region, including many that are brachypterous, also share a similarly green head that contrasts with a yellowish meso- and metasoma (personal observation).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD767FFBDFE5BF902172FCFE6" box="[433,604,1688,1713]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
hypothesized that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFCA3F9021697CFE6" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[841,996,1688,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFCA3F9021697CFE6" box="[841,996,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Argaleostatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
formed a monophyletic group with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFF7DF9271476CF83" box="[151,261,1725,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFF7DF9271476CF83" box="[151,261,1725,1748]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFEFCF926148FCF82" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1931" box="[278,508,1724,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eueupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFEFCF92614ECCF82" box="[278,415,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Eueupelmus</emphasis>
|
||
Girault
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFDE0F9261782CF82" authority="Gibson" authorityName="Gibson (Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[522,753,1724,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Taphronotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFDE0F92617E5CF82" box="[522,662,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Taphronotus</emphasis>
|
||
Gibson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, questionably,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFC3EF92711D8CF82" authority="Masi" authorityName="Masi" authorityYear="1917" box="[980,1195,1724,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Paranastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFC3EF927111ACF83" box="[980,1129,1725,1748]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Paranastatus</emphasis>
|
||
Masi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on Gt2 (Mt3) being hyaline and usually forming a part of a subbasal white band on the gaster (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFBCBF94511D7CFAF" box="[1057,1188,1759,1784]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 48–51</figureCitation>
|
||
). At that time females of the only two known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFDFAF89F1728CE4B" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[528,603,1797,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFDFAF89F1728CE4B" box="[528,603,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were characterized by an entirely dark gaster (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFB8EF89911C8CE4B" box="[1124,1211,1795,1820]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD767FFBDFB2CF89E1195CE4B" box="[1222,1254,1796,1820]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">38</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD767FFBDFB10F89910EFCE4B" box="[1274,1436,1795,1820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that the distinctive features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFD8DF8BD1602CE68" authorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[615,881,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFD8DF8BD1602CE68" box="[615,881,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Argaleostatus testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
relative to typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFBADF8B211C6CE68" box="[1095,1205,1832,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFBADF8B211C6CE68" box="[1095,1205,1832,1855]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females were likely all secondary modifications correlated with brachyptery and that recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFBC5F8D111B9CE33" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[1071,1226,1867,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFBC5F8D111B9CE33" box="[1071,1226,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Argaleostatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could well render
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFF7DF8F51475CED1" box="[151,262,1903,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFF7DF8F51475CED1" box="[151,262,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
paraphyletic. However, he recognized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFD50F8F51633CED0" authorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[698,832,1903,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFD50F8F51633CED0" box="[698,832,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">A. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a separate genus because by including it and/or the other above-listed genera in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFE09F8091722CEFD" box="[483,593,1939,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFE09F8091722CEFD" box="[483,593,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would make morphological characterization of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D767FFBDFB95F809119ECEFD" box="[1151,1261,1939,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D767FFBDFB95F809119ECEFD" box="[1151,1261,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="333">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
so broad as to encompass most female eupelmines that are characterized in part by a syntergal flange (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD767FFBDFB7FF82C140ACEA5" pageId="3" pageNumber="333" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, fig. 519; character 39, state 3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1959C02AD760FFBAFF2DFF0D140ECAF2" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFF2DFF0D14A5C9E7" box="[199,470,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson (1995, fig. 520)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFD2AFF031678C9E7" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[704,779,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFD2AFF031678C9E7" box="[704,779,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFCACFF0D1698C9E7" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[838,1003,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Macreupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFCACFF0D1698C9E7" box="[838,1003,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Macreupelmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were sister taxa based on two shared features that were then hypothesized as synapomorphies—common possession of dark setae on the propleuron and prosternum (character 16, state 2), and fore wing disc with lanceolate or scale-like setae behind the marginal vein (character 33, state 2). However, both features were recorded for some members of some other genera (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFAA3FE9E145BC817" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, table 1</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) so both are at least homoplastic. Females of several genera, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFBB9FEBD119DC817" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[1107,1262,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFBB9FEBD119DC817" box="[1107,1262,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Argaleostatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were recorded as having lanceolate setae behind the marginal vein. Further, the newly described species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFB61FED7103DC832" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" box="[1163,1358,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantimacula">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFB61FED7103DC832" box="[1163,1358,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">L. aurantimacula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFA6FFED7158DC8DF" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infucatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFA6FFED7158DC8DF" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">L. infucatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
show that colour of the propleural, prosternal and pronotal collar setae is variable in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFB29FEEB107DC8DF" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1219,1294,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFB29FEEB107DC8DF" box="[1219,1294,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, often being dark but sometimes white. Consequently, neither feature precludes classification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFBACFE0E143BC887" authority="in Lutnes. Gibson (1995, p. 218)" authorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFBACFE0E11BEC8FB" box="[1094,1229,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">A. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFB18FE0F104EC8FB" box="[1266,1341,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFAA1FE0E143BC887" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson (1995, p. 218)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also described the propodeum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFD13FE231637C887" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[761,836,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFD13FE231637C887" box="[761,836,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as: “foramen incurved almost to apex of v-like emargination, but with short median carina ... callar region inclined from plical furrow,
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFB58FE461597CB6B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">with oblique groove between spiracle and foramen, and sometimes much more distinctly coriaceous medially than posterolateral to groove</emphasis>
|
||
” (my italics) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD760FFBAFE6FFDBE14AACB6A" box="[389,473,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
: psg;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFDF3FDBE17D9CB6A" box="[537,682,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 464). Thus, females of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFBF7FDBE11D1CB6B" authorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[1053,1186,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFBF7FDBE11D1CB6B" box="[1053,1186,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">A. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other Neotropical species that would be classified in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFDD9FDD3170DCB37" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[563,638,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFDD9FDD3170DCB37" box="[563,638,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a propodeum whose callar region is subdivided by an oblique postspiracular groove extending from the spiracle posteriorly to the foramen near the lateral margin of the petiole, which separates a variably more coarsely sculptured region mesal to the groove than lateral of the groove (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD760FFBAFA86FD1515C6CB9B" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD760FFBAFF29FD2E1591CB9A" box="[195,226,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD760FFBAFF05FD2E147CCB9A" box="[239,271,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">58</figureCitation>
|
||
: psg). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="C65D7E88D760FFBAFE7BFD2E1480CB9A" box="[401,499,692,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFDF7FD2F17B6CB9B" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" box="[541,709,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afrotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFDF7FD2F17B6CB9B" box="[541,709,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">L. afrotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a similar propodeal sculptural pattern except the surface is more uniformly sculptured on either side of less distinct postspiracular groove (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD760FFBAFBBEFD4D11ECCBA7" box="[1108,1183,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
: psg). Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFA6EFD42158DCA43" authorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFA6EFD42158DCA43" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">A. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also similar to other species that would be classified in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFC7DFD671691CA43" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[919,994,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFC7DFD671691CA43" box="[919,994,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the other features given above in the generic description, or at least those species from the Neotropical region. For these reasons I consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFAC7FC85141FCA0B" authority="Cameron" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFAC7FC85158DCA0B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Eupelmus testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
Cameron
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the other five species included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFCC7FCDF160BCA0B" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[813,888,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFCC7FCDF160BCA0B" box="[813,888,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to constitute a monophyletic group (see further below), and thus synonymize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFE0FFCFD17F3CAD7" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[485,640,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFE0FFCFD17F3CAD7" box="[485,640,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Argaleostatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFD27FCF3166BCAD7" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[717,792,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFD27FCF3166BCAD7" box="[717,792,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A1A143D760FFBAFCF5FCFD161FCA28" box="[799,876,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFCF5FCFD1616CAD7" bold="true" box="[799,869,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">n. syn</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and transfer
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFC15FCF311F6CAD7" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1023,1157,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFC15FCF311F6CAD7" box="[1023,1157,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">E. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFB42FCF31180CAD7" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1192,1267,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFB42FCF31180CAD7" box="[1192,1267,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFAF2FCF31463CAF3" authority="(Cameron)" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" baseAuthorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFAF2FCF310EFCAD7" box="[1304,1436,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">L. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
(Cameron)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A1A143D760FFBAFEFDFC16140ECAF2" box="[279,381,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFEFDFC16140ECAF2" bold="true" box="[279,381,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">n. comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1959C02AD760FFBBFF2DFC3517CBCA0A" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,1907]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">
|
||
Although the six species included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFD86FC2B17C4CA9F" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[620,695,945,968]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFD86FC2B17C4CA9F" box="[620,695,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may well constitute a monophyletic lineage, recognition of these as a separate genus from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFE5EFC4E1750CABC" box="[436,547,980,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFE5EFC4E1750CABC" box="[436,547,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could still render this latter taxon paraphyletic, as suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFB13FC4E10EFCABA" box="[1273,1436,980,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFF2AFC6D1428CD47" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[192,347,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Argaleostatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFF2AFC6D1428CD47" box="[192,347,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Argaleostatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
relative to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFE35FC62173ECD58" box="[479,589,1016,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFE35FC62173ECD58" box="[479,589,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Females of different species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFC2DFC621146CD58" box="[967,1077,1016,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFC2DFC621146CD58" box="[967,1077,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
often have whitish-translucent, lanceolate setae on the lower half of the face. They usually also have very similar head and scrobal depression structures to the Neotropical species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFD8FFBDB17C3CD0F" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[613,688,1089,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFD8FFBDB17C3CD0F" box="[613,688,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except that the carinate lateral margin of the scrobal depression curves ventrally toward and along the outer margin of the torulus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFC9DFBFE112DCD2A" box="[887,1118,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, fig. 15</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) rather than laterally toward the inner orbit as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFE6EFB1314BCCDF7" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[388,463,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFE6EFB1314BCCDF7" box="[388,463,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFE0AFB1D1661CDF7" box="[480,786,1159,1184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, figs 13, 462</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), although this difference is more subtle for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFAFFFB1310EFCDF7" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[1301,1436,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFAFFFB1310EFCDF7" box="[1301,1436,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">L. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFF74FB3614E5CD93" box="[158,406,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, fig. 13</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As noted above, female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFD25FB36164DCD94" box="[719,830,1196,1219]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFD25FB36164DCD94" box="[719,830,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
characteristically have the gaster white ventro- and dorsobasally, but so does
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFE56FB4B17F3CDBF" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" box="[444,640,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantimacula">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFE56FB4B17F3CDBF" box="[444,640,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">L. aurantimacula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD760FFBAFD7BFB551791CDBF" box="[657,738,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) in addition to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFC7FFB4B1168CDBF" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[917,1051,1233,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFC7FFB4B1168CDBF" box="[917,1051,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">L. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD760FFBAFBC6FB5511C3CDBF" box="[1068,1200,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–53" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[221,1365,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 46–53. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 46 & 47, head, frontal: 46, 2017-11 (m); 47, 2017-9 (b). 48 & 49, dorsal habitus: 48, 2017-11 (m); 49, BMNH syntype [insert: enlargement of head] (b). 50 & 51, lateral habitus: 50, 2017-11 (m); 51, 2017-8 (b). 52 & 53, fore wing: 52, 2017-12 (m), 53, 2017-9 (b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous]." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242016/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Figs 48–51</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the gaster is at least white ventrobasally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFE3EFB6F172BCC5B" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" box="[468,600,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infucatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFE3EFB6F172BCC5B" box="[468,600,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">L. infucatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD760FFBAFD82FB6E17CECC5B" box="[616,701,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFCC6FB6E16E9CC5C" box="[812,922,1268,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFCC6FB6E16E9CC5C" box="[812,922,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also often have variably infuscate fore wings with anterior and posterior hyaline regions with white setae behind the marginal vein similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFB00FA831046CC67" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1258,1333,1305,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFB00FA831046CC67" box="[1258,1333,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females, though the orangish to dark brown discal setae of at least macropterous females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFBD7FAA611D8CC04" box="[1085,1195,1340,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFBD7FAA611D8CC04" box="[1085,1195,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
typically are hairlike rather than lanceolate. However, the macropterous females of the Australasian species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFB42FAFA1463CCCB" authority="(Cameron)" authorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picticornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFB42FAFA10EFCC2F" box="[1192,1436,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus picticornis</emphasis>
|
||
(Cameron)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and females of some brachypterous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFD46FA1E1669CCCC" box="[684,794,1412,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFD46FA1E1669CCCC" box="[684,794,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have comparatively dense and broad discal setae so that these more closely resemble the lanceolate setae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFCD8FA33160ECC97" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[818,893,1449,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFCD8FA33160ECC97" box="[818,893,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (personal observation). All the ‘typical’ morphological features that characterize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFD88FA5617A3CCB4" box="[610,720,1484,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFD88FA5617A3CCB4" box="[610,720,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females are quite likely symplesiomorphic, except possibly for the basally white rather than uniformly dark gaster. However, this latter feature appears to be prone to homoplasy (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFF74F98E17E5CF7B" box="[158,662,1556,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, table 1, character 42, state 2</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), likely because of functional significance related to avoidance of predation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFEE5F9AD14C7CF07" box="[271,436,1591,1616]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20273" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (2017 b) Revision of world Ooderella Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae), with description of the first males for the genus. Zootaxa, 4289 (1), 1 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4289.1.1" type="journal article">Gibson 2017b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Perhaps most important for a hypothesis that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFC2EF9A3117CCF07" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[964,1039,1593,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFC2EF9A3117CCF07" box="[964,1039,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may render
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFB76F9A21079CF18" box="[1180,1290,1592,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFB76F9A21079CF18" box="[1180,1290,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
paraphyletic is the characteristic propodeal structure of at least macropterous females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFC11F9C6111ACF24" box="[1019,1129,1628,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFC11F9C6111ACF24" box="[1019,1129,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which includes a more or less “bowtie-like” shaped plical region. This bowtie-like appearance results from the foramen being ƞ-like incurved almost to a v-like emarginate anteromedial margin of the propodeum so that medially the plical region is sublinear with ×-like convergent margins. On either side of the median, variably concave, more or less triangular regions together differentiate a relatively narrow bowtie-like plical region relative to usually flat to somewhat concavely but distinctly inclined callar regions that slope up to the spiracle and then slope down lateral to the mesal margin of the spiracle (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFE70F8AE175DCE1A" box="[410,558,1844,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 212, 247;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD760FFBAFD37F8AE16DCCE1B" box="[733,943,1844,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" refId="ref20331" refString="Gibson, G. A. P., Dewhurst, C. & Makai, S. (2012) Nomenclatural changes in Anastatus Motschulsky and the description of Anastatus eurycanthae Gibson n. sp. (Eupelmidae: Eupelminae), an egg parasitoid of Eurycantha calcarata Lucas (Phasmida: Phasmatidae) from Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa, 3419, 53 - 61." type="journal article">
|
||
Gibson
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFCDEF8AF161FCE1A" box="[820,876,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 4). The line of curvature separating the inner and outer inclined callar surfaces is variably developed and in some species is evident as a relatively inconspicuous postspiracular line similar in placement to the postspiracular groove of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFBB3F8E711D7CEC3" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1113,1188,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFBB3F8E711D7CEC3" box="[1113,1188,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, both callar surfaces are characteristically quite smooth and shiny in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFCCEF83B16E0CEEF" box="[804,915,1953,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFCCEF83B16E0CEEF" box="[804,915,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females, even if the inner inclined surface is sometimes slightly sculptured. Consequently, the propodeal structures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D760FFBAFBF5F85F1119CE8B" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1055,1130,1989,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D760FFBAFBF5F85F1119CE8B" box="[1055,1130,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="334">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females likely represent modifications in which the callar regions have secondarily become more uniformly convex on either side of a postspiracular groove and with either the region mesal to the postspiracular groove becoming noticeably more coarsely sculptured (Neo:
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFE28FF45176AC9AF" box="[450,537,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFDCCFF451737C9AF" box="[550,580,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFDBBFF45171CC9AF" box="[593,623,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFD97FF4517E8C9AF" box="[637,667,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">45</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFD42FF4517B6C9AF" box="[680,709,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">58</figureCitation>
|
||
) or the entire callar region becoming quite distinctly sculptured (Afro:
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFF0DFE9E145EC84A" box="[231,301,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the plical region (Neo) secondarily becoming longer medially than for typical macropterous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFF7DFEB21476C868" box="[151,261,296,319]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFF7DFEB21476C868" box="[151,261,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The propodeum of the unique female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFD05FEB316EBC817" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" box="[751,920,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afrotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFD05FEB316EBC817" box="[751,920,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">L. afrotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFB29FEB3107DC817" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1219,1294,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFB29FEB3107DC817" box="[1219,1294,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because the foramen is only sublinearly separated from the anterior margin and there is a median bowtie-like plical region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFA85FED615DBC8DF" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
: plr) more similar to typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFE04FEEA172FC8D0" box="[494,604,368,391]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFE04FEEA172FC8D0" box="[494,604,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females. The propodeal features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFC1CFEEB1132C8DF" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1014,1089,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFC1CFEEB1132C8DF" box="[1014,1089,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
likely are apomorphic relative to those of typical macropterous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFDFEFE0E17F1C8FC" box="[532,642,404,427]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFDFEFE0E17F1C8FC" box="[532,642,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, if so,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFCE1FE0F1625C8FB" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[779,854,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFCE1FE0F1625C8FB" box="[779,854,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could well represent a lineage derived from some lineage within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFED6FE2214D9C898" box="[316,426,440,463]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFED6FE2214D9C898" box="[316,426,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, i.e. render it paraphyletic. Recognition of genera that render another more speciose genus such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFF12FE461414C8A4" box="[248,359,476,499]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFF12FE461414C8A4" box="[248,359,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
paraphyletic is arguably not an ideal classification. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFBADFE4610EFC8A2" box="[1095,1436,476,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson (1995, figs 517, 518)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
already noted that three cosmopolitan and speciose genera,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFCD5FD9B1167CB4F" authority="Cameron" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[831,1044,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Brasema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFCD5FD9B16D0CB4F" box="[831,931,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Brasema</emphasis>
|
||
Cameron
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFBCBFE6511C0CB4F" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1904" box="[1057,1203,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Zaischnopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFBCBFE6511C0CB4F" box="[1057,1203,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Zaischnopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFB07FD9A1028CB40" box="[1261,1371,512,535]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFB07FD9A1028CB40" box="[1261,1371,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, may well constitute a nested (sequential) paraphyletic assemblage of such great morphological diversity that if the species were united into a single genus this could not be effectively characterized. Recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFB16FDD31034CB37" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1276,1351,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFB16FDD31034CB37" box="[1276,1351,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
simply adds to the potential assemblage of sequential paraphyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFCA2FDF616C5CBD4" box="[840,950,620,643]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFCA2FDF616C5CBD4" box="[840,950,620,643]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as do possibly recognition of other small genera such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFEA6FD151741CBFF" authority="Girault" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1931" box="[332,562,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eueupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFEA6FD1514A6CBFF" box="[332,469,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Eueupelmus</emphasis>
|
||
Girault
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFDABFD0A163DCBFF" authority="Gibson" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[577,846,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Omeganastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFDABFD0A179CCBF0" box="[577,751,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Omeganastatus</emphasis>
|
||
Gibson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFC7AFD1510E3CBFF" authority="Gibson (Gibson 1995" authorityName="Gibson (Gibson" authorityYear="1995" box="[912,1424,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Taphronotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFC7AFD15116FCBFF" box="[912,1052,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Taphronotus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFBCCFD151052CBFF" box="[1062,1313,655,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson (Gibson 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 519
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFEF6FD2F1414CB9B" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[284,359,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFEF6FD2F1414CB9B" box="[284,359,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can minimally be distinguished from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFC91FD2E1699CB9C" box="[891,1002,692,715]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFC91FD2E1699CB9C" box="[891,1002,692,715]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their different propodeal structure/ sculpture patterns. The presence of lanceolate rather than hairlike setae on the fore wing disc is almost always also differential as is very often setose eyes. I therefore prefer to recognize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFC55FD671179CA43" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[959,1034,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFC55FD671179CA43" box="[959,1034,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
separate from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFB5CFD661057CA44" box="[1206,1316,764,787]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFB5CFD661057CA44" box="[1206,1316,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
until such time as morphological and/or molecular evidence can more definitively resolve and substantiate species relationships among the genera discussed above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1959C02AD761FFBBFF2DFCFD1448CE50" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1907]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">
|
||
Such features as black or white setae on the propleuron, prosternum and pronotum, and an entirely dark or basally partly white gaster in females of different species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFCD5FC1716F9CAF3" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[831,906,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFCD5FC1716F9CAF3" box="[831,906,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggest these features are prone to homoplasy. Consequently, the groundplan states for the genus are not certain. However, if the nearest common ancestor is some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFF7DFC4E1476CABC" box="[151,261,980,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFF7DFC4E1476CABC" box="[151,261,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like species, then dark prothoracic setae and an entirely dark gaster likely are secondary within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFAA0FC4F10E6CABB" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1354,1429,981,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFAA0FC4F10E6CABB" box="[1354,1429,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, even though the latter state is likely a groundplan feature of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFCB3FC6D1690CD47" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1833" box="[857,995,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eupelminae">Eupelminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is also possible that females of the common ancestor of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFE66FB8714A4CD63" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[396,471,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFE66FB8714A4CD63" box="[396,471,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were brachypterous rather than macropterous. This is based on the mesoscutum of included species, whether brachypterous or macropterous, being comparatively flat without distinctly differentiated, convex mesoscutal medial and lateral lobes and the dorsal surface of the pronotum being quite flat without a well differentiated collar and neck (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFD48FB1D179FCDF7" box="[674,748,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFD10FB12166BCDF7" box="[762,792,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFCCCFB121637CDF7" box="[806,836,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–27" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,373,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[221,1365,373,1921]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 19–27. Lutnes biguttatus (Girault), ♀ (2017-1): 19, dorsal habitus; 20, lateral habitus; 21, head, frontal; 22, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 23, anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 24, antenna; 25, fore wing; 26, propodeum; 27, gastral apex, dorsolateral.Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242010/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">22</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFCBBFB12161CCDF7" box="[849,879,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–36" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[224,1363,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 28–36. Lutnes infucatus n. sp., ♀ (HT): 28, dorsal habitus; 29, lateral habitus; 30, head, frontal; 31, mesosoma, dorsolateral; 32, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral; 33, antenna; 34, fore wing; 35, propodeum; 36, gastral apex, dorsolateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242012/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">31</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFC97FB1216E8CDF7" box="[893,923,1160,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">42</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFC43FB1D1687CDF7" box="[937,1012,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">54, 55</figureCitation>
|
||
). Macropterous females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFAC7FB1210E8CDC8" box="[1325,1435,1160,1183]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFAC7FB1210E8CDC8" box="[1325,1435,1160,1183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
typically have more distinctly differentiated, convex mesoscutal medial and lateral lobes and a pronotum that is depressed mesally posterior to an anteriorly arcuate ridge that distinguishes the collar from the neck. A comparatively flat mesoscutum and pronotum similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFCC1FB6F1605CC5B" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[811,886,1269,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFCC1FB6F1605CC5B" box="[811,886,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females tend to be characteristic of females of brachypterous species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFE53FA82175BCC78" box="[441,552,1304,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFE53FA82175BCC78" box="[441,552,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFDD3FA8D1600CC67" box="[569,883,1303,1328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, figs 103–106</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and those of many other genera (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFAEBFA8D1727CC02" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref20114" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (1995) Parasitic wasps of the subfamily Eupelminae: classification and revision of world genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 5, 1 - 421." type="journal article">Gibson 1995, figs 107, 108, 115, 121–132, 147–150</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). If so, females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFCDBFAA716CACC03" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[817,953,1341,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFCDBFAA716CACC03" box="[817,953,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">L. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are indicated to be morphologically most similar to those of the common ancestor of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFD71FAFB1795CC2F" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[667,742,1377,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFD71FAFB1795CC2F" box="[667,742,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except for their propodeal structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD761FFBBFB74FAC51186CC2F" box="[1182,1269,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–59" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1510,1533]" captionTargetBox="[221,1366,193,1489]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[221,1366,193,1490]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 54–59. Lutnes testaceus (Cameron), ♀. 54 & 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal:54, 2017-11 (m); 55, 2017-10 (b). 56 & 57, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral: 56, 2017-11 (m); 57, 2017-8 (b). 58, propodeum (2017-9, b). 59, (2017-10, b) [b = brachypterous, m = macropterous].Abbreviations:car = callar region, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242018/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is the longest of all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFED3FA1F14F7CCCB" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[313,388,1413,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFED3FA1F14F7CCCB" box="[313,388,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. The propodeum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFD25FA1F160BCCCB" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" box="[719,888,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afrotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFD25FA1F160BCCCB" box="[719,888,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">L. afrotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more similar to that of typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFAEFFA1E1000CCCC" box="[1285,1395,1412,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFAEFFA1E1000CCCC" box="[1285,1395,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as noted above. Interestingly, what I interpret as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFD55FA33163ACC97" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="in Lutnes. Gibson" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[703,841,1449,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFD55FA33163ACC97" box="[703,841,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">L. testaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is polymorphic in wing development (though see Remarks under that species) and thus the only known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFC81FA5716C5CCB3" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[875,950,1485,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFC81FA5716C5CCB3" box="[875,950,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with both brachypterous and macropterous females. Wing polymorphism is also reported for females of some other eupelmine genera (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFB77FA751033CF5F" box="[1181,1344,1519,1544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref20207" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. (2017 a) Synonymy of Reikosiella Yoshimoto under Merostenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae), with a checklist of world species and a revision of those species with brachypterous females. Zootaxa, 4255 (1), 1 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4255.1.1" type="journal article">Gibson 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFAA1FA75144ECF7A" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref20399" refString="Gibson, G. A. P. & Fusu, L. (2016) Revision of the Palaearctic species of Eupelmus (Eupelmus) Dalman (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae). Zootaxa, 4081 (1), 1 - 331. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4081.1" type="journal article">Gibson & Fusu 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including three Palaearctic species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFCCCF98E16E7CF7C" box="[806,916,1556,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFCCCF98E16E7CF7C" box="[806,916,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFC41F98E11D4CF7A" authority="(Ruschka)" authorityName="Ruschka" baseAuthorityName="Ruschka" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[939,1191,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giraudi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFC41F98E1157CF7A" box="[939,1060,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">A. giraudi</emphasis>
|
||
(Ruschka)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[macropterous form described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFEDEF9A21487CF07" authorityName="Bolivar y Pieltain" authorityYear="1935" box="[308,500,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dolichopterus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFEDEF9A21487CF07" box="[308,500,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">A. dolichopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DB220EC8D761FFBBFDC0F9AD170DCF07" box="[554,638,1591,1616]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
|
||
y
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFD4DF9AD1627CF07" box="[679,852,1591,1616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref19911" refString="Bolivar y Pieltain, C. (1934) Estudio de algunos Eupelmidos nuevos de Espana (Hym. Chalc.). Eos. Revista Espanola di Entomologia, 9, 195 - 209." type="journal article">Pieltain (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(synonymy by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFBFCF9AD11DFCF07" box="[1046,1196,1591,1616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref20534" refString="Kalina, V. (1981) The Palaearctic species of the genus Anastatus Motschulsky, 1860 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae) with descriptions of new species. Silvaecultura Tropica et Subtropica, 8, 3 - 25." type="journal article">Kalina 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)],
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFB27F9A210EFCF07" authority="(Ruthe)" authorityName="Ruthe" baseAuthorityName="Ruthe" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1229,1436,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oscari">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFB27F9A2104ACF07" box="[1229,1337,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">A. oscari</emphasis>
|
||
(Ruthe)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[brachypterous form described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFDC8F9C616A3CF22" authority="Forster (1860)" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1860" box="[546,976,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Eupelmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micropterus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFDC8F9C61652CF23" box="[546,801,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Eupelmus micropterus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFCC6F9C716A3CF22" box="[812,976,1628,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref19974" refString="Forster, A. (1860) Eine centurie neuer Hymenopteren. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, 17, 93 - 153." type="journal article">Förster (1860)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(synonymy by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFB60F9C61041CF23" box="[1162,1330,1628,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref20638" refString="Ruschka, F. (1921) Chalcididenstudien I. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 70, 234 - 315." type="journal article">Ruschka 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)], and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFA6EF9C614B3CFCF" authority="(Fonscolombe)" authorityName="Fonscolombe" baseAuthorityName="Fonscolombe" baseAuthorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFA6EF9C61462CFCF" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">A. bifasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Fonscolombe)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[brachypterous form described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFCADF91A168CCFCF" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1904" box="[839,1023,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gastropachae">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFCADF91A168CCFCF" box="[839,1023,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">A. gastropachae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFBC3F9E51180CFCF" box="[1065,1267,1663,1688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref19875" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1904 b) Descriptions of new Hymenoptera from Japan. II. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 12 (3), 146 - 165." type="journal article">Ashmead (1904b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(synonymy by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D77BDDBD761FFBBFF7DF93C147FCFE8" box="[151,268,1702,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" refId="ref20491" refString="Ishii, T. (1938) Chalcidoid- and proctotrypoid-wasps reared from Dendrolimus spectabilis Butler and D. albolineatus Matsumura and their insect parasites, with descriptions of three new species. Kontyu, 12 (3), 97 - 105." type="journal article">Ishii 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)1].
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DB220EC8D761FFBBFEDDF932142ACFE8" box="[311,345,1704,1727]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">No</collectingRegion>
|
||
Neotropical species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFD9AF93D17ACCFE9" box="[624,735,1703,1726]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFD9AF93D17ACCFE9" box="[624,735,1703,1726]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is yet known to have both brachypterous and macropterous females, but the Neotropical species are poorly known and wing polymorphism may well exist unrecognized in this region as well.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1959C02AD761FFB8FF2DF888148BCA6F" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1907]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,824]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="336" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">
|
||
The classification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D761FFBBFE54F88E17ACCE7C" authority="in Lutnes" authorityName="in Lutnes" box="[446,735,1810,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afrotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFE54F88E171BCE7C" box="[446,616,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">L. afrotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D761FFBBFD7EF88E17ACCE7C" box="[660,735,1812,1835]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="335">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represents the first record of the genus from outside of the Neotropical region and the only known female differs conspicuously in several respects from the Neotropical species, as noted above and in the generic description. In addition to its somewhat different propodeal structure and sculpture pattern, the head is conspicuously high-triangular with the frontovertex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD762FFB8FB8EFF0D11C3C9E7" box="[1124,1200,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
: fvt) acutely angled relative to the face (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD762FFB8FE9CFF2614CEC983" box="[374,445,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
: fa) at the level of the dorsal limit of the scrobal depression (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD762FFB8FB8CFF2611DAC983" box="[1126,1193,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is wider than high and completely carinately margined between the inner orbits (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD762FFB8FC68FF451695C9AF" box="[898,998,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Figs 3, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). The latter structure is quite obviously apomorphic compared to Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FDAAFE9F17F8C84B" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[576,651,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FDAAFE9F17F8C84B" box="[576,651,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FD2BFE9E1643C84C" box="[705,816,260,283]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FD2BFE9E1643C84C" box="[705,816,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females. Also, the face has more slender, more hairlike white setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD762FFB8FEC8FEBD14F6C817" box="[290,389,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Figs 3, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) compared to the broader, more lanceolate setae of Neotropical species (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD762FFB8FB0AFEBD1046C817" box="[1248,1333,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[224,1363,193,1859]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. Lutnes aurantimacula n. sp., ♀: 10, dorsal habitus (HT); 11, lateral habitus (HT); 12, antenna (2017-3); 13, head, frontal (HT); 14, vertex and mesosoma, dorsal (HT); 15, vertex and anterior of mesosoma, lateral (HT); 16, fore wing (2017-2); 17, propodeum(2017-2); 18, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-2).Abbreviation:psg = postspiracular groove." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242008/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Figs 13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD762FFB8FAABFEB21013C817" box="[1345,1376,296,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–45" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[224,1362,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 37–45. Lutnes ornaticornis Cameron, ♀: 37, dorsal habitus (2017-5); 38, lateral habitus (2017-4); 39, head, frontal (2017-4); 40, head,frontolateral (2017-4);41, forewing (2017-7); 42, vertex and mesosoma,dorsal (2017-6); 43, prepectusand anterior of acropleuron, lateral (2017-4); 44, gastral apex, dorsolateral (2017-5); 45, propodeum (2017-5)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242014/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">40</figureCitation>
|
||
), and in dorsal view there is a ridge-like ocellocular line between the anterior margin of the posterior ocellus and inner orbit. If the common ancestor of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FDECFEEB1722C8DF" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[518,593,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FDECFEEB1722C8DF" box="[518,593,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FD63FEEA1784C8D0" box="[649,759,368,391]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FD63FEEA1784C8D0" box="[649,759,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like in appearance then at least the more slender facial setae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FF51FE0F1416C8FB" box="[187,357,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afrotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FF51FE0F1416C8FB" box="[187,357,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">L. afrotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
likely also represents a secondary modification in this species, perhaps correlated with its different head structure. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FE04FE2317EBC887" box="[494,664,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afrotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FE04FE2317EBC887" box="[494,664,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">L. afrotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female also has the costal cell bare dorsally, Gt1 quite distinctly though finely sculptured (
|
||
<figureCitation id="81DDDCAFD762FFB8FE29FE461778C8A2" box="[451,523,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES1–9" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1842,1865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1351,223,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[213,1352,223,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES1–9. Lutnes afrotropicus n. sp., ♀ (HT):1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus;3, head, frontal;4, head, lateral;5, head and mesosoma, dorsal; 6, propodeum; 7, antenna; 8; fore wing; 9 gastral apex, dorsal. Abbreviations: car = callar region, fa = face,fvt = frontovertex, iap = interantennal prominence, lfa= lower face, plr = plical region, psg = postspiracular groove, psr = parascrobal region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1242006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), and differs in antennal structure as well as somewhat in pro- and mesotibial structure. All except possibly the first of these features likely are secondarily derived as compared to typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FF7DFDBE1475CB6C" box="[151,262,548,571]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FF7DFDBE1475CB6C" box="[151,262,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, and all the features that distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FCE6FDBF16C7CB6B" box="[780,948,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afrotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FCE6FDBF16C7CB6B" box="[780,948,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">L. afrotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FB66FDBF11A4CB6B" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[1164,1239,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FB66FDBF11A4CB6B" box="[1164,1239,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species could be secondarily derived. However, the carinate margins of the scrobal depression recurve laterally to the inner orbit, the eyes are setose, pronotal and mesoscutal structures are similar to those of the Neotropical species, and the fore wings have lanceolate setae behind the marginal vein. All these features suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FBA2FD0B119ECBFF" box="[1096,1261,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afrotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FBA2FD0B119ECBFF" box="[1096,1261,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">L. afrotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more closely related to other species classified in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FDA0FD2F17E6CB9B" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1884" box="[586,661,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FDA0FD2F17E6CB9B" box="[586,661,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than having derived the features independently from some common ancestor in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FE61FD42148ACBB8" box="[395,505,728,751]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Anastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FE61FD42148ACBB8" box="[395,505,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Anastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For the present it seems better to classify
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FC1DFD431065CBA7" authority="in Lutnes" authorityName="in Lutnes" box="[1015,1302,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lutnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afrotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FC1DFD4311D3CBA7" box="[1015,1184,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">L. afrotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<emphasis id="2B921C38D762FFB8FB21FD431065CBA7" box="[1227,1302,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="336">Lutnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than establishing one more monotypic genus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE6BBA9D762FFB8FD6AFD661679CA42" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1833" box="[640,778,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eupelminae">Eupelminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Molecular evidence is necessary to test the hypothesis of relationships and classification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |