379 lines
48 KiB
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379 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.054.0213" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7918661" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1683583268648" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Niekerk, P. van & Dippenaar-Schoeman, A. S." docDate="2013" docId="03D8D254FFEAA92B21A5FB2DFCA4FBBA" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.54.2.447-476.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 54 (2)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.054.0213" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.4:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Heriaeus : Simon 1875" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="451" masterDocId="FFE1AA2CFFEBA92F2055FF99FFE4FFE6" masterDocTitle="A revision of the crab spider genus Heriaeus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the Afrotropical Region" masterLastPageNumber="447" masterPageNumber="447" pageNumber="448" updateTime="1683701492856" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the crab spider genus Heriaeus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the Afrotropical Region</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Niekerk, P. van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Dippenaar-Schoeman, A. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-11-14</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>54</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>447</mods:start>
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<mods:end>447</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.054.0213</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5733/afin.054.0213</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7918661</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917973" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7917973" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D8D254FFEAA92B21A5FB2DFCA4FBBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D8D254FFEAA92B21A5FB2DFCA4FBBA" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="451" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">
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<subSubSection box="[496,827,1203,1230]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[496,827,1203,1230]" box="[496,827,1203,1230]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">
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<heading box="[496,827,1203,1230]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" reason="6">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4VT2" ID-ENA="504441" authority="Simon, 1875" authorityName=": Simon" authorityYear="1875" box="[574,827,1203,1230]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[574,677,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Heriaeus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="SIMON, E." box="[684,827,1203,1230]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" refId="ref20144" refString="SIMON, E. 1875. Les arachnides de France. T. 2. Paris: Roret." type="book" year="1875">Simon, 1875</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="448" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[181,1142,1244,1290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="1" pageNumber="448">
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<treatmentCitation author="SIMON, E." box="[181,440,1244,1267]" page="203" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" year="1875">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4VT2" authority=": Simon 1875: 203" authorityName=": Simon" authorityPageNumber="203" authorityYear="1875" box="[181,440,1244,1267]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[181,264,1245,1266]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Heriaeus</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="SIMON, E." box="[278,440,1244,1267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" refId="ref20144" refString="SIMON, E. 1875. Les arachnides de France. T. 2. Paris: Roret." type="book" year="1875">Simon 1875: 203</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="LESSERT, R. DE" box="[450,618,1245,1266]" page="137" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" year="1919">
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<bibRefCitation author="LESSERT, R. DE" box="[450,618,1245,1266]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" pagination="99 - 234" refId="ref19984" refString="LESSERT, R. DE. 1919. Araignees du Kilimandjaro et du Merou (suite). 3. Thomisidae. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 27: 99 - 234." type="journal article" year="1919">Lessert 1919: 137</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="LAWRENCE, R. F." box="[628,820,1244,1266]" page="159" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" year="1942">
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<bibRefCitation author="LAWRENCE, R. F." box="[628,820,1244,1266]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" pagination="141 - 190" refId="ref19954" refString="LAWRENCE, R. F. 1942. A contribution to the araneid fauna of Natal and Zululand. Annals of the Natal Museum 10: 141 - 190." type="journal article" year="1942">Lawrence 1942: 159</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="LEVY, G." box="[830,978,1244,1266]" page="135" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" year="1973">
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<bibRefCitation author="LEVY, G." box="[830,978,1244,1266]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" pagination="107 - 141" refId="ref20016" refString="LEVY, G. 1973. Crab-spiders of six genera from Israel (Araneae: Thomisidae). Israel Journal of Zoology 22: 107 - 141." type="journal article" year="1973">Levy 1973: 135</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="LOERBROKS, A." page="95" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" year="1983">
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<bibRefCitation author="LOERBROKS, A." pageId="1" pageNumber="448" pagination="85 - 139" refId="ref20044" refString="LOERBROKS, A. 1983. Revision der Krabbenspinnen-Gattung Heriaeus Simon (Arachnida: Araneae: Thomisidae). Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg 26: 85 - 139." type="journal article" year="1983">Loerbroks 1983: 95</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="ONO, H." box="[312,451,1269,1290]" page="170" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation author="ONO, H." box="[312,451,1269,1290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" refId="ref20075" refString="ONO, H. 1988. A revisional study of the spider family Thomisidae (Arachnida, Araneae) of Japan. Tokyo: National Science Museum." type="book" year="1988">Ono 1988: 170</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="451" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[181,1021,1308,1334]" box="[181,1021,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">
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<typeStatus box="[181,237,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName authority="Latreille, 1819" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1819" box="[340,694,1308,1334]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Thomisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
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<emphasis box="[340,519,1308,1334]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Thomisus hirtus</emphasis>
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Latreille, 1819
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</taxonomicName>
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, designated by ICZN (1988).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[181,1142,1350,1569]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">
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When describing
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<taxonomicName authority=", Simon (1875)" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1875" box="[403,671,1350,1377]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[403,506,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Heriaeus</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="SIMON, E." box="[518,671,1350,1377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" refId="ref20144" refString="SIMON, E. 1875. Les arachnides de France. T. 2. Paris: Roret." type="book" year="1875">Simon (1875)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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included three species in the genus but did not designate a
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<typeStatus box="[362,410,1383,1409]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">type</typeStatus>
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species. Twenty years later, Simon (1895) designated
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<taxonomicName authority="Walckenaer, 1826" authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1826" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Thomisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Thomisus hirsutus</emphasis>
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Walckenaer, 1826
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</taxonomicName>
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as the
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<typeStatus box="[556,604,1415,1441]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">type</typeStatus>
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species but it turned out to be a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName authority="Latreille, 1819" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1819" box="[214,489,1446,1472]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Thomisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
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<emphasis box="[214,309,1446,1472]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">T. hirtus</emphasis>
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Latreille, 1819
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</taxonomicName>
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. Simon (1918) then designated a new
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<typeStatus box="[932,980,1447,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">type</typeStatus>
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for
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<taxonomicName authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1875" box="[1032,1135,1447,1472]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1032,1135,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Heriaeus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1918" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1918" box="[181,475,1478,1504]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oblongus">
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<emphasis box="[181,320,1478,1504]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">H. oblongus</emphasis>
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Simon, 1918
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, after
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<bibRefCitation author="LOERBROKS, A." box="[663,860,1478,1504]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" pagination="85 - 139" refId="ref20044" refString="LOERBROKS, A. 1983. Revision der Krabbenspinnen-Gattung Heriaeus Simon (Arachnida: Araneae: Thomisidae). Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg 26: 85 - 139." type="journal article" year="1983">Loerbroks (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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had revised the genus, a recommendation was made by Kraus and Loerbroks to recognize
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1819" box="[929,1110,1510,1536]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Thomisus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
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<emphasis box="[929,1110,1510,1536]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Thomisus hirtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as the
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<typeStatus box="[223,271,1543,1569]" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">type</typeStatus>
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species of
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<taxonomicName authority="(ICZN 1988)" baseAuthorityName="ICZN" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[396,656,1542,1568]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[396,499,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Heriaeus</emphasis>
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(ICZN 1988)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[181,1141,1585,1676]" lastBlockId="2.[144,1104,204,326]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">
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Diagnosis:
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<emphasis box="[307,399,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Heriaeu</emphasis>
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s is characterized by the body and legs covered with erect setae and long hairs (
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<figureCitation box="[307,371,1617,1643]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="448">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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); the eyes are borne on small tubercles, with LE tubercles larger than those of the ME; both eye rows are recurved; the abdomen is round to oval with indistinct markings; the male palp with VTA short, digitiform; RTA elongated, with distal tooth (
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<figureCitation box="[152,236,236,262]" captionStart="Figs 14–21" captionStartId="6.[144,183,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[163,1081,584,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-165@6.[97,1155,568,1587]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 14–21. (14–17) Heriaeus allenjonesi sp. n.: (14) male palp, ventral view; (15) male palp, lateral view; (16) epigyne,ventral view;(17) epigyne, dorsal view;(18–21) Heriaeus antonisp.n.: (18) male palp, ventral view; (19) male palp, lateral view; (20) epigyne, ventral view; (21) epigyne, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918667/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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); ITA sometimes present (
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<figureCitation box="[535,620,235,262]" captionStart="Figs 30–36" captionStartId="15.[181,220,1193,1215]" captionTargetBox="[189,1133,212,1162]" captionTargetId="figure-164@15.[181,1141,204,1174]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figs 30–36.(30–33) Heriaeus foordi sp. n.: (30) male palp, ventral view; (31) male palp, lateral view; (32) epigyne, ventral view; (33) epigyne, dorsal view; (34) Heriaeus latifrons Lessert, 1919, epigyne, ventral view; (35, 36) Heriaeus madagascar sp. n.: (35) male palp, ventral view; (36) male palp, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918671/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
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); the embolus is variable in length; female with epigynal area raised, dome-shaped area with hood (
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<figureCitation box="[791,876,267,294]" captionStart="Figs 14–21" captionStartId="6.[144,183,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[163,1081,584,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-165@6.[97,1155,568,1587]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 14–21. (14–17) Heriaeus allenjonesi sp. n.: (14) male palp, ventral view; (15) male palp, lateral view; (16) epigyne,ventral view;(17) epigyne, dorsal view;(18–21) Heriaeus antonisp.n.: (18) male palp, ventral view; (19) male palp, lateral view; (20) epigyne, ventral view; (21) epigyne, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918667/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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). No distinct sexual dimorphism between sexes, except males smaller in size with relatively longer legs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[144,283,345,371]" box="[144,283,345,371]" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[144,1111,387,1676]" box="[144,733,387,414]" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">
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<emphasis box="[144,250,388,414]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Body size</emphasis>
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: Females 3.2–6.0 mm, males
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<quantity box="[588,729,387,414]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="449" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.8 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[144,1111,387,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">
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<emphasis box="[144,223,422,448]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Colour</emphasis>
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: Live specimens creamish white to greyish white, in some species carapace and legs pale green and abdomen with pink tint; body colour fades in alcohol to cream or yellow-brown; body setae vary from white to almost translucent (
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<figureCitation box="[934,1001,486,512]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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||
) to dark (
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||
<figureCitation box="[152,220,518,544]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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); species with white setae usually with darker setae scattered in-between, especially on abdomen; base of white setae frequently darker, giving body a spotted appearance (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[260,344,582,608]" captionStart="Figs 10–13" captionStartId="4.[144,183,804,826]" captionTargetBox="[153,1094,204,774]" captionTargetId="figure-264@4.[153,1098,204,774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 10–13. Heriaeus spp., habitus: (10) H. peterwebbi sp. n. female; (11) H. transvaalicus Simon, 1895 female; (12) H. xanderi sp. n. female; (13) H. zanii sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918665/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
); carapace in all species with two broad brown longitudinal stripes stretching from eye region to posterior border (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[680,749,614,640]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), except
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[853,1027,614,640]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascar" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[853,1027,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">H. madagascar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1035,1098,615,641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="449" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, with median broad stripe; these stripes vary from very distinct to faded; in species with less distinct brown stripes, two white irregular V-shaped markings usually present (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
); clypeus of some species with white markings or a white line; chelicerae frequently with dark bands anteriorly; eye region white or brown with eye tubercles greyish white; abdomen cream to yellow-brown, mottled with white, brown or blackish brown, some with a white pattern of longitudinal and cross lines; variably shaped brown markings on abdomen, leg segments, palpi and sternum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[144,1111,387,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis box="[144,205,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Setae</emphasis>
|
||
: Carapace covered in long, erect setae; eye region with strong, long setae; clypeal edge with six long erect setae, except
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[572,745,905,931]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascar" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[572,745,905,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">H. madagascar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[753,813,906,932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="449" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with only four. Abdomen strongly pilose, dorsum usually covered with dense long setae, in some species interspersed with a number of dark setae in a fixed pattern in posterior half (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[923,990,969,995]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
); shape of setae varies from club-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[490,557,1001,1027]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) to long with blunt tips (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[832,899,1001,1027]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) to short, medium or long and spiniform with acute tips (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[588,655,1033,1059]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
); abdomen laterally and ventrally with shorter setae and hairs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[144,1111,387,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis box="[144,254,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Carapace</emphasis>
|
||
: Longer than wide; anteriorly obtuse, narrower in eye region, posteriorly with slight declivity (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[378,458,1132,1158]" captionStart="Figs 10–13" captionStartId="4.[144,183,804,826]" captionTargetBox="[153,1094,204,774]" captionTargetId="figure-264@4.[153,1098,204,774]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 10–13. Heriaeus spp., habitus: (10) H. peterwebbi sp. n. female; (11) H. transvaalicus Simon, 1895 female; (12) H. xanderi sp. n. female; (13) H. zanii sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918665/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
); fovea indistinct; clypeus narrow; sternum shield-shaped, longer than wide, with brown or transparent hairs along edge; mouthparts with endites long with rounded tips, longer than wide; labium and endites with scattered short hairs or setae; cheliceral furrow edentate; dorsal surfaces of chelicerae with variable number of short, thick, erect setae.
|
||
<emphasis box="[434,487,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
: Both rows recurved; PER less recurved than AER; eyes on small raised tubercles, LE tubercles twice as high as those of ME tubercles; PME closer together than to PLE; LE 1.5–2.0× the size of ME; AME usually smaller than PME; MOQ trapezoid, narrower anteriorly than posteriorly, or equal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[144,1111,387,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis box="[144,250,1390,1416]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Round-oval; anteriorly obtuse; ventro-laterally with longitudinal striae (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
); venter smooth centrally, with short fine hairs; spinnerets short, conical, anterior and posterior spinnerets same length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[144,1111,387,1676]" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis box="[144,197,1490,1515]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: Formula I–II–IV–III; legs I and II of males twice as long or longer than hind legs (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[203,271,1521,1548]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); legs long with numerous hairs, setae and strong spines; femora I dorsally bearing strong setae in both sexes; also on femora II of males; females with variable number (3–5 pairs) of strong paired spines on ventral surface of tibiae and metatarsi I and II; tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi I and II with a fringe of long fine hairs in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Lawrence" authorityYear="1942" box="[931,1103,1618,1643]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassispinus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[931,1103,1618,1643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">H. crassispinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[152,220,1649,1676]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetId="figure-241@3.[187,1132,204,1065]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus:(1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H.allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H.antoni sp. n. female; (4) H.copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H.madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="449">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); tarsi with two claws and reduced claw tufts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918663" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7918663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918663/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" startId="3.[181,220,1090,1112]" targetBox="[187,1132,204,1065]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[181,1142,1090,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">
|
||
Figs 1–9.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[270,398,1091,1112]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[270,353,1091,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Heriaeus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, habitus: (1)
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[512,625,1091,1112]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[512,595,1091,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Heriaeus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
long spiniform abdominal setae; (2)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[953,1142,1090,1112]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="allenjonesi" status="sp. n." subSpecies="antoni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[953,1142,1090,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">H. allenjonesi antoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[245,294,1115,1136]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female; (3)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[401,486,1115,1136]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antoni" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[401,486,1115,1136]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">H. antoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[491,539,1115,1136]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female; (4)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[647,760,1114,1136]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="copricola" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[647,760,1114,1136]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">H. copricola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[765,813,1115,1136]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
male; (5)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Lawrence, 1942" authorityName=": Lawrence" authorityYear="1942" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassispinus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[903,1042,1115,1136]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">H. crassispinus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LAWRENCE, R. F." pageId="3" pageNumber="450" pagination="141 - 190" refId="ref19954" refString="LAWRENCE, R. F. 1942. A contribution to the araneid fauna of Natal and Zululand. Annals of the Natal Museum 10: 141 - 190." type="journal article" year="1942">Lawrence, 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male; (6)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[383,465,1138,1160]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foordi" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[383,465,1138,1160]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">H. foordi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[470,518,1139,1160]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
male; (7)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Lessert, 1919" authorityName=": Lessert" authorityYear="1919" box="[610,839,1138,1160]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis box="[610,713,1138,1160]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">H. latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LESSERT, R. DE" box="[718,839,1139,1160]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" pagination="99 - 234" refId="ref19984" refString="LESSERT, R. DE. 1919. Araignees du Kilimandjaro et du Merou (suite). 3. Thomisidae. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 27: 99 - 234." type="journal article" year="1919">Lessert, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female; (8)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[949,1088,1138,1160]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascar" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[949,1088,1138,1160]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">H. madagascar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1094,1142,1139,1160]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
male; (9)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[334,466,1162,1184]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muizenberg" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[334,466,1162,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">H. muizenberg</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[472,521,1163,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[181,1142,1226,1676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">
|
||
<emphasis box="[181,322,1226,1252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Female palp</emphasis>
|
||
: Tibia and tarsus bearing short dark setae, more abundant and stronger on dorsal surfaces; tarsus slender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[181,1142,1226,1676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">
|
||
<emphasis box="[181,372,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: Epigyne simple; genital area may be slightly sclerotized, raised and dome-shaped, with hood and epigynal opening of various shapes; two small posterior sclerotized marks close to each other indicate position of internal fertilization ducts; copulatory duct and spermathecae long and tubular (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[769,850,1386,1413]" captionStart="Figs 22–29" captionStartId="10.[144,183,1291,1313]" captionTargetBox="[178,1086,207,1264]" captionTargetId="figure-133@10.[103,1161,204,1272]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 22–29. (22–25) Heriaeus copricola sp. n.: (22) male palp, ventral view; (23) male palp, lateral view; (24) epigyne, ventral view; (25) epigyne, dorsal view; (26–29) Heriaeus crassispinus Lawrence, 1942: (26) male palp, ventral view; (27) male palp, lateral view; (28) epigyne, ventral view; (29) epigyne, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918669/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
) or S-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1014,1097,1386,1412]" captionStart="Figs 14–21" captionStartId="6.[144,183,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[163,1081,584,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-165@6.[97,1155,568,1587]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 14–21. (14–17) Heriaeus allenjonesi sp. n.: (14) male palp, ventral view; (15) male palp, lateral view; (16) epigyne,ventral view;(17) epigyne, dorsal view;(18–21) Heriaeus antonisp.n.: (18) male palp, ventral view; (19) male palp, lateral view; (20) epigyne, ventral view; (21) epigyne, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918667/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[181,1142,1226,1676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">
|
||
<emphasis box="[181,298,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Male palp</emphasis>
|
||
: VTA short, two-lobed, or digitiform and curved; RTA longer, elongated, with protuberance(s) and with short or long distal tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[833,919,1450,1476]" captionStart="Figs 22–29" captionStartId="10.[144,183,1291,1313]" captionTargetBox="[178,1086,207,1264]" captionTargetId="figure-133@10.[103,1161,204,1272]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 22–29. (22–25) Heriaeus copricola sp. n.: (22) male palp, ventral view; (23) male palp, lateral view; (24) epigyne, ventral view; (25) epigyne, dorsal view; (26–29) Heriaeus crassispinus Lawrence, 1942: (26) male palp, ventral view; (27) male palp, lateral view; (28) epigyne, ventral view; (29) epigyne, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918669/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
); ITA present in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascar" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">H. madagascar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[324,382,1482,1508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="450" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[395,477,1482,1508]" captionStart="Figs 30–36" captionStartId="15.[181,220,1193,1215]" captionTargetBox="[189,1133,212,1162]" captionTargetId="figure-164@15.[181,1141,204,1174]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figs 30–36.(30–33) Heriaeus foordi sp. n.: (30) male palp, ventral view; (31) male palp, lateral view; (32) epigyne, ventral view; (33) epigyne, dorsal view; (34) Heriaeus latifrons Lessert, 1919, epigyne, ventral view; (35, 36) Heriaeus madagascar sp. n.: (35) male palp, ventral view; (36) male palp, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918671/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
); cymbium rounded, longer than wide; bulb circular, without apophysis; embolus short or long, winding once or less around tegulum; embolus tip darkly sclerotized, slender or broad, straight or with U-shaped curve, often resting in a shallow cavity against cymbium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[181,1142,1226,1676]" lastBlockId="4.[144,1104,890,1116]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="451" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">
|
||
Distribution:Afrotropical, Oriental and Palaearctic regions. In the Afrotropics it is newly recorded for
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[357,470,1650,1676]" name="Botswana" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[482,577,1650,1676]" name="Burundi" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Burundi</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[588,1027,1650,1676]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">the Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1040,1138,1650,1676]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="3" pageNumber="450">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[144,281,890,916]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[291,379,890,916]" name="Malawi" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[390,541,890,916]" name="Mozambique" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[550,649,890,916]" name="Namibia" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[660,755,890,916]" name="Rwanda" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[765,856,890,916]" name="Senegal" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[867,986,890,916]" name="Swaziland" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Swaziland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[996,1100,890,916]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[144,225,922,948]" name="Yemen" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Yemen</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[236,295,922,948]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Zaire</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[349,472,922,948]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918665" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7918665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918665/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="451" startId="4.[144,183,804,826]" targetBox="[153,1094,204,774]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[144,1103,804,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">
|
||
Figs 10–13.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[260,389,804,826]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="451" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[260,343,805,826]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Heriaeus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, habitus: (10)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[521,651,804,826]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="451" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peterwebbi" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[521,651,804,826]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">H. peterwebbi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[657,707,804,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="451" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female; (11)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1895" authorityName=": Simon" authorityYear="1895" box="[830,1103,804,826]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="451" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transvaalicus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[830,980,804,826]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">H. transvaalicus</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1895
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female; (12)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[325,421,828,850]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="451" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanderi" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[325,421,828,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">H. xanderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[427,476,828,849]" pageId="4" pageNumber="451" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female; (13)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2013" authorityName="Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman" authorityYear="2013" box="[598,670,829,850]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Heriaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="451" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zanii" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[598,670,829,850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">H. zanii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[676,725,828,849]" pageId="4" pageNumber="451" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[144,1104,890,1116]" pageId="4" pageNumber="451">Natural history: Little is known about general behaviour of the spiders. Specimens have been collected from shrubs, trees and grass, mainly from the Forest, Savanna, Grassland and Fynbos biomes using beating, sweeping, hand collection and fogging. They have also been sampled with pitfall traps from the soil surface. A few specimens were collected in agro-ecosystems such as cotton and strawberries.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |