298 lines
32 KiB
XML
298 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="6EC6EE06BDBB772DE71E89D1B3DFE642" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="76005db3-918f-40a0-831b-a0d9af3a57ac" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="238185" ID-ZooBank="16A1C3C4-D996-4576-A882-E9EE37BE137D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461252821354" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sáfián, Szabolcs & Collins, Steve C." docDate="2015" docId="0E23150FFF85FFEA00FEF9BC63F7F838" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04018p136.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4018 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parasiomera paradoxa Schultze 1917, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="130" masterDocId="F21A6D77FF81FFEC0069FFA8666BFFE8" masterDocTitle="Establishment of a new genus for Eresiomera paradoxa (Schultze, 1917) and related taxa (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) with description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="136" masterPageNumber="124" pageNumber="128" updateTime="1698607639263" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="4C70BF5DA2867269AD4030509541D90D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="AFA0EDFD316DAC12F9D0372EB323C9F4">
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<mods:title id="DDCC5B896A9818F078A5387A00F2DCB7">Establishment of a new genus for Eresiomera paradoxa (Schultze, 1917) and related taxa (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) with description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="475C7A0F535E9CC7506F460A1E230E32" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E8F71EAC2C40CF06D3167EA68F16DDC3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="34D9F4FDD85FF9A2E58817BB10F25712">Sáfián, Szabolcs</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="229426DB308AC9FD597254076CA964F7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="62B37A14E093655242AA700921C12356">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FEC23DF0FF2E9658C1926C9381F56FD9">Collins, Steve C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0BEBD974DE3A20260EF9B11F1016418A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="1C0E1D5F052C8925CFF54AAA9AA1849D">
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<mods:title id="DAA2025BAD382DF7535E08D5EE727EBF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2BC6547C52B000938492F900E4D8B768">
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<mods:date id="8A48B741B8620CAD5C63A7B167D32DB8">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CBA2E51EAA155D62B5D97A1123C8A358" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="71E0FDDC886B578E14A10E504AD51580">4018</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="839D120BC2AC3E45E94ABBAF9DFCF167" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="8749924C58AD280E5904253C0007C3E5">1</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="0724B69597A7109FC97AFC87A5095D85">136</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="7F3A5930888177EBE19199D39795F294">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B9AA708B4EA7DC5F8925EA6BA9327C1A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4018.1.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0E23150FFF85FFEA00FEF9BC63F7F838" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6116374" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119635865" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6116374" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E23150FFF85FFEA00FEF9BC63F7F838" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E23150FFF85FFEA00FEF9BC63F7F838" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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<subSubSection id="CE90F792FF85FFE800FEF9BC6544F9A7" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8635A419FF85FFE800FEF9BC656DF9C6" blockId="4.[151,815,1556,1615]" box="[151,774,1556,1582]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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<heading id="DD7D1375FF85FFE800FEF9BC656DF9C6" bold="true" box="[151,774,1556,1582]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF85FFE800FEF9BC656DF9C6" bold="true" box="[151,774,1556,1582]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF85FFE800FEF9BC6412F9C6" authority="Schultze, 1917" authorityName="Schultze" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,633,1556,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF85FFE800FEF9BC67C0F9C6" bold="true" box="[151,427,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Parasiomera paradoxa</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF85FFE801D3F9BC641BF9C6" author="Schultze" box="[442,624,1556,1582]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" refString="Schultze, A. (1917) Weitere neue Rhopaloceren aus Ausbeute der II. Inner Afrika Expedition des Herzogs Adolf Friedrich zu Mecklenburg. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 82 (3), 34 - 39." type="journal article" year="1917">Schultze, 1917</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFCDC570FF85FFE802E9F9BC656DF9C6" box="[640,774,1556,1582]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8635A419FF85FFE800FEF99E6544F9A7" blockId="4.[151,815,1556,1615]" box="[151,815,1590,1615]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1EB1B89CFF85FFE800F6F99E6683F9A7" box="[159,232,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,853,875]" captionTargetBox="[225,1384,250,751]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,195,829]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. The only existing female syntype (designated as lectotype below) of Eresiomera paradoxa (Schultze, 1917) (Aupperside, B—underside) in the Museum für Naturkunde (Natural History Musem), Berlin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238186/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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A,B; 2A,B,C,D; 3A,D, 4A,E; 5H,K, I,L; 6A,D; 7B)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CE90F792FF85FFE800FEF9D665F7F8D3" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8635A419FF85FFE800FEF9D664B8F97C" blockId="4.[151,1260,1662,1746]" box="[151,723,1662,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="A69A8337FF85FFE800FEF9D664B8F97C" box="[151,723,1662,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF85FFE800FEF9D664B8F97C" ID-CoL="4NMTP" authority="Schultze, 1917 Schultze 1917: 37" authorityName="Schultze, 1917 Schultze" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,723,1662,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pseuderesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
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<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF85FFE800FEF9D66712F97C" box="[151,377,1662,1684]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Pseuderesia paradoxa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF85FFE80116F9D6647DF97C" author="Schultze" box="[383,534,1662,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" refString="Schultze, A. (1917) Weitere neue Rhopaloceren aus Ausbeute der II. Inner Afrika Expedition des Herzogs Adolf Friedrich zu Mecklenburg. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 82 (3), 34 - 39." type="journal article" year="1917">Schultze, 1917</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="072B8208FF85FFE80275F9D664B8F97C" author="Schultze" box="[540,723,1662,1684]" page="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" year="1917">
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<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF85FFE80275F9D664DBF97C" author="Schultze" box="[540,688,1662,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" refString="Schultze, A. (1917) Weitere neue Rhopaloceren aus Ausbeute der II. Inner Afrika Expedition des Herzogs Adolf Friedrich zu Mecklenburg. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 82 (3), 34 - 39." type="journal article" year="1917">Schultze 1917</bibRefCitation>
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: 37
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8635A419FF85FFE800FEF93565DFF95B" blockId="4.[151,1260,1662,1746]" box="[151,948,1693,1715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="A69A8337FF85FFE800FEF93565DFF95B" box="[151,948,1693,1715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF85FFE800FEF9356488F95B" ID-CoL="4NMTP" authority="Schultze, 1917 Stempffer 1967: 36" authorityName="Schultze, 1917 Stempffer" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,739,1693,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pseuderesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
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<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF85FFE800FEF9356712F95B" box="[151,377,1693,1715]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Pseuderesia paradoxa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF85FFE80116F935647DF95B" author="Schultze" box="[383,534,1693,1715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" refString="Schultze, A. (1917) Weitere neue Rhopaloceren aus Ausbeute der II. Inner Afrika Expedition des Herzogs Adolf Friedrich zu Mecklenburg. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 82 (3), 34 - 39." type="journal article" year="1917">Schultze, 1917</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="072B8208FF85FFE80275F9356488F95B" author="Stempffer" box="[540,739,1693,1715]" page="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" year="1967">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF85FFE80275F93564D6F95B" author="Stempffer" box="[540,701,1693,1715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" refString="Stempffer, H. (1967) The genera of the African Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 332 pp." type="book" year="1967">Stempffer 1967</bibRefCitation>
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: 36
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, d’Abrera 1978: 434
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF85FFE800FEF9156287F93A" blockId="4.[151,1260,1662,1746]" box="[151,1260,1724,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A69A8337FF85FFE800FEF9156287F93A" box="[151,1260,1724,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF85FFE800FEF9156571F93A" authority="(Schultze, 1917) Ackery et al. 1995: 497" authorityName="(Schultze, 1917) Ackery et al." authorityPageNumber="497" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,794,1724,1746]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Eresiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
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||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF85FFE800FEF9156718F93A" box="[151,371,1724,1746]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Eresiomera paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF85FFE801E8F9146471F93A" author="Schultze" box="[385,538,1724,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" refString="Schultze, A. (1917) Weitere neue Rhopaloceren aus Ausbeute der II. Inner Afrika Expedition des Herzogs Adolf Friedrich zu Mecklenburg. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 82 (3), 34 - 39." type="journal article" year="1917">Schultze, 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
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||
<treatmentCitation id="072B8208FF85FFE8024EF9146571F93A" author="Ackery" box="[551,794,1724,1746]" page="497" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF85FFE8024EF914648CF93A" author="Ackery" box="[551,743,1724,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" refString="Ackery, P. R., Smith, C. R. & Vane-Wright, R. I. (1995) Carcasson's African Butterflies: An annotated Catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History). London, 803 pp." type="book" year="1995">
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Ackery
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<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF85FFE80211F91564C7F93A" box="[632,684,1724,1746]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
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1995
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 497
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<treatmentCitation id="072B8208FF85FFE8034DF9146585F93A" author="d'Abrera" box="[804,1006,1724,1746]" page="634" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF85FFE8034DF91465D0F93A" author="d'Abrera" box="[804,955,1724,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" refString="d'Abrera, B. (2009) Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region Part III Lycaenidae, Riodinidae. Hill House Publishers, Melbourne & London. 531 - 880." type="book chapter" year="2009">d’Abrera 2009</bibRefCitation>
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: 634
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</treatmentCitation>
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, Vande weghe 2010: 343
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF85FFE800FEF95665F7F8D3" blockId="4.[151,1436,1790,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF85FFE800FEF9566786F8FF" bold="true" box="[151,493,1790,1815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
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<typeStatus id="59311ABBFF85FFE800FEF9566766F8FF" box="[151,269,1790,1815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(here designated).
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</emphasis>
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♀ Bascho, Upper Cross River, Northwest
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<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF85FFE803B3F9576224F8FF" box="[986,1103,1791,1815]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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0
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<date id="F23482D9FF85FFE80403F9576283F8FF" box="[1130,1256,1790,1815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" value="1906-03-01">1. III. 1906</date>
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(leg.: Schultze, A.) (in MNB collection). Coordinates:
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||
<geoCoordinate id="E3BEC2DEFF85FFE80222F88A648DF8D3" box="[587,742,1826,1851]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" precision="1" value="3.3981276">3°23'53.26"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="E3BEC2DEFF85FFE8029BF88A65F3F8D3" box="[754,920,1826,1851]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" precision="1" value="11.4665">11°27'59.40"E</geoCoordinate>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="CE90F792FF85FFE800AEF8EE6305F823" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF85FFE800AEF8EE6305F823" blockId="4.[151,1436,1790,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF85FFE800AEF8EE6463F8B7" bold="true" box="[199,520,1862,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Other material examined.</emphasis>
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♂ Ebogo on Nyong River,
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<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF85FFE8030BF8EF65B0F8B7" box="[866,987,1863,1887]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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||
. X-XI.2000. Leg.:
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||
<collectionCode id="E09B3CDCFF85FFE804A8F8EF6363F8B7" box="[1217,1288,1863,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">ABRI</collectionCode>
|
||
. Gen. prep.:
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||
<collectionCode id="E09B3CDCFF85FFE800FEF8C266BEF86B" box="[151,213,1898,1923]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">SAFI</collectionCode>
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00026, ♂ Mbalmayo,
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<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF85FFE801A7F8C3642DF86B" box="[462,582,1899,1923]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="F23482D9FF85FFE8023BF8C364C5F86B" box="[594,686,1899,1923]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" value="2007-04">IV.2007</date>
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||
. Leg.: S. Collins. Gen. prep.:
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||
<collectionCode id="E09B3CDCFF85FFE8046BF8C3622BF86B" box="[1026,1088,1899,1923]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">SAFI</collectionCode>
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||
00027. ♀ Ebogo, Nyong River
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<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF85FFE800FEF8276767F84F" box="[151,268,1935,1959]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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||
<date id="F23482D9FF85FFE8017CF827670DF84F" box="[277,358,1935,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" value="1984-02">II.1984</date>
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||
Leg.: Collins, S.C. Gen. prep.:
|
||
<collectionCode id="E09B3CDCFF85FFE802B0F827657CF84F" box="[729,791,1935,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">SAFI</collectionCode>
|
||
00028,
|
||
<specimenCount id="908C6F90FF85FFE80304F827626CF84F" box="[877,1031,1934,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" type="generic">20 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(mixed sex, genitalia not checked) Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF85FFE80099F81B670EF823" box="[240,357,1971,1995]" name="Cameroon" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Ebogo, Mblamayo),
|
||
<specimenCount id="908C6F90FF85FFE80234F81B64EBF823" box="[605,640,1971,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF85FFE802EEF81A65C9F823" box="[647,930,1970,1995]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Pissa, Bangui) (all in
|
||
<collectionCode id="E09B3CDCFF85FFE804CDF81B628CF823" box="[1188,1255,1971,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="128">ABRI</collectionCode>
|
||
collection).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="D2F5F491FF84FFE900FEF8CC64BBF81D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238190/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" targetBox="[163,1368,199,1891]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF84FFE900FEF8CC64BBF81D" blockId="5.[151,1436,1892,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE900FEF8CC6779F892" bold="true" box="[151,274,1892,1914]" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF84FFE90100F8CD6785F892" box="[361,494,1893,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE90100F8CD6785F892" box="[361,494,1893,1914]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">Parasiomera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF84FFE90223F8CD64E2F892" box="[586,649,1892,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE90223F8CD64E2F892" box="[586,649,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">P. alfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female (holotype) A—upperside, D—underside;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF84FFE904E9F8CD629EF892" box="[1152,1269,1892,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kivuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE904E9F8CD629EF892" box="[1152,1269,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">P. kivuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male (holotype) B—upperside, E—underside;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF84FFE901A0F82C6454F871" box="[457,575,1923,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kivuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE901A0F82C6454F871" box="[457,575,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">P. kivuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female (paratype) C—upperside, F—underside;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF84FFE90458F82C62CCF871" box="[1073,1191,1923,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kivuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE90458F82C62CCF871" box="[1073,1191,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">P. kivuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male (Kivu, DRC) Gupperside, J—underside;
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE901C9F80A6471F85F" box="[416,538,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">P. pa r ad ox a</emphasis>
|
||
male (Ebogo, Cameroon) H—upperside, K—underside;
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE9041CF80A629BF85F" box="[1141,1264,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">P. pa r ad ox a</emphasis>
|
||
female (Ebogo, Cameroon) I—upperside, L—underside;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF84FFE9022EF86964AEF83E" box="[583,709,1984,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE9022EF86964AEF83E" box="[583,709,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">P. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male (Kalinzu, Uganda) M—upperside, O—underside;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF84FFE90574F86963F7F83E" box="[1309,1436,1984,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF84FFE90574F86963F7F83E" box="[1309,1436,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="129">P. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female (Kalinzu, Uganda) N—upperside, P—underside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CE90F792FF87FFEA00AEFF3F65D9FCB5" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF87FFEA00AEFF3F652EFDD5" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA00AEFF3F647FFF58" bold="true" box="[199,532,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="59311ABBFF87FFEA01CBFF3F647BFF58" box="[418,528,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Forewing length:
|
||
<quantity id="417209FCFF87FFEA0288FF30655BFF47" box="[737,816,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
Wingspan:
|
||
<quantity id="417209FCFF87FFEA03DCFF30626CFF47" box="[949,1031,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The upperside colour is bright fiery orange on both wings with broad black frame. In the apex of the forewing the width of black reaches one-fifth of the wing length. It tapers down slightly towards to tornus, where it is only
|
||
<quantity id="417209FCFF87FFEA03B4FF776258FF1F" box="[989,1075,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="0.5">0,5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. The black edge continues also along the costa, where it reaches the base as a
|
||
<quantity id="417209FCFF87FFEA02A4FEAC6565FEF4" box="[717,782,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
broad line. The inner margin of the line is rather diffuse in the basal and sub-basal area. The hindwing is of the same colour, with an evenly broad (
|
||
<quantity id="417209FCFF87FFEA04F2FE80629CFEA8" box="[1179,1271,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="1.2">1,2 mm</quantity>
|
||
) black margin between the apex and the tornus. It continues also along the inner margin, however it becomes more conspicuous and diffuse towards the base. The underside is uniform paler orange, with very fine black marginal lines on both wings, black dusting of scattered scales along the forewing costa (especially in the base and the disoidal cell) and the inner margin on the hindwing. There are four more prominent black spots of short streaks along the forewing costa, in the basal half of the wing. The dorsal side of the body is dark brown and deep orange, the ventral side is pale orange or ochreous. The legs are black, with white hairs, the antennae are black, ringed with white. Their clubs are rather long, black. The eyes are large, brown and smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF87FFEA00AEFDEF6419FD40" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA00AEFDEF6757FD88" bold="true" box="[199,316,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Bursa copulatrix small, globular, ductus bursae slightly broadening towards lamellae antevaginalis. Lamellae antevaginalis small, strongly sclerotised rounded. Papillae analis broad and short, apophyses posteriores very long, straight, but bent with an angle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF87FFEA00AEFD1C65DBFD18" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA00AEFD1C67D1FD25" bold="true" box="[199,442,692,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Description of male.</emphasis>
|
||
The general appearence of male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF87FFEA035CFD1D65D6FD24" box="[821,957,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Eresiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA035CFD1D65D6FD24" box="[821,957,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">P. paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to that of female, however the black border of both wings on the upper surface is slightly broader.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF87FFEA00AEFD5465D9FCB5" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA00AEFD546757FCFD" bold="true" box="[199,316,764,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Uncus large, with strongly pointed tip. Lower edge of it is rectangular in lateral view. Valvae elongate, fan-like, with acute tip. Centre of inner surface of valvae very densely haired, the hairs are short. Aedeagus robust, unique-shaped, branched, its tip is strongly recurved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="D2F5F491FF87FFEA00FEF9F26302F967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238191/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" targetBox="[214,1375,971,1537]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF87FFEA00FEF9F26302F967" blockId="6.[151,1434,1626,1679]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA00FEF9F26772F998" bold="true" box="[151,281,1626,1648]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia with removed aedeagi:
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA02A3F9F36523F998" box="[714,840,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">P. p ar a do x a</emphasis>
|
||
(Ebogo, Cameroon) A—lateral view, D—aedeagus;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF87FFEA05E0F9F3669FF967" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kivuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA05E0F9F3669FF967" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">P. kivuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(holotype) B—lateral view, E—aedeagus;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF87FFEA02C0F9D26549F967" box="[681,802,1657,1679]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA02C0F9D26549F967" box="[681,802,1657,1679]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">P. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Kalinzu Forest, Uganda) C—lateral view, F—aedeagus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CE90F792FF87FFEA00AEF91463F7F838" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF87FFEA00AEF9146515F861" blockId="6.[151,1436,1724,2001]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA00AEF9146727F93D" bold="true" box="[199,332,1724,1749]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF87FFEA013FF915678AF93C" box="[342,481,1724,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Eresiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA013FF915678AF93C" box="[342,481,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">P. paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found only in the Congolian forest zone with records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF87FFEA04BFF9146325F93C" box="[1238,1358,1724,1748]" name="Cameroon" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF87FFEA0532F91463FCF93C" box="[1371,1431,1724,1748]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">CAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF87FFEA00FEF9486689F911" box="[151,226,1760,1785]" name="Gabon" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF87FFEA0173F948670EF910" box="[282,357,1760,1784]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF87FFEA011DF9486445F911" author="Stempffer" box="[372,558,1760,1785]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" refString="Stempffer, H. (1962) Contribution a l'etude des Lepidopteres Lycaenidae d'Afrique tropicale et equatoriale. Bulletin de l'Institut Francaise d'Afrique Noire (A), 1135 - 1181." type="book chapter" year="1962">Stempffer, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF87FFEA0253F9486489F910" author="d'Abrera" box="[570,738,1760,1785]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" refString="d'Abrera, B. (2009) Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region Part III Lycaenidae, Riodinidae. Hill House Publishers, Melbourne & London. 531 - 880." type="book chapter" year="2009">d’Abrera 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Vande weghe 2010). Basically all known records come from lowland rainforest, which suggests wider distribution, especially as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="59311ABBFF87FFEA03D3F8AD6581F8F5" box="[954,1002,1797,1821]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality lies north of the Sanaga River in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF87FFEA00DEF8806747F8A8" box="[183,300,1832,1856]" name="Cameroon" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
situated in West Africa. The range could actually cover the entire Congolian lowland forest area, which extends from the Cross River loop in Eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF87FFEA0298F8E46556F88D" box="[753,829,1868,1893]" name="Niger" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Nigera</collectingCountry>
|
||
across the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF87FFEA03D6F8E46261F88C" box="[959,1034,1868,1892]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
Basin, even if there are no records from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9DE489FF87FFEA0094F8D86752F860" box="[253,313,1904,1928]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which actually covers the largest area in the Basin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8635A419FF87FFEA00AEF83C63F7F838" blockId="6.[151,1436,1724,2001]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="59311ABBFF87FFEA0092F83C6709F845" box="[251,354,1940,1965]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was designated to secure objectivity of the name usage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418ADF9AFF87FFEA046DF83D62E6F844" box="[1028,1165,1940,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Eresiomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4FE780BFF87FFEA046DF83D62E6F844" box="[1028,1165,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="130">P. paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The other
|
||
<typeStatus id="59311ABBFF87FFEA057BF83D6302F845" box="[1298,1385,1941,1965]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
that appears in the orginal description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E21BD9E8FF87FFEA0273F81064D7F838" author="Schultze" box="[538,700,1976,2001]" pageId="6" pageNumber="130" refString="Schultze, A. (1917) Weitere neue Rhopaloceren aus Ausbeute der II. Inner Afrika Expedition des Herzogs Adolf Friedrich zu Mecklenburg. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 82 (3), 34 - 39." type="journal article" year="1917">Schultze 1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) was most probably destroyed in the WWII (Libert pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |