493 lines
52 KiB
XML
493 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="FB380D82B84F9988032181951C7DB66D" ID-CLB-Dataset="5667" ID-DOI="10.11865/zs20140102" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4a7f6cf9-ce81-4120-908b-a43bb1a68567" ID-ISSN="2095-6827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4616845" ID-ZooBank="A44423F5-262D-4CCC-8CCB-BD695EEA0E89" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616069443480" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Zhong, Fang, Bai, Ming, Ge, Yang & Wan, Xia" docDate="2014" docId="B941DC62137EFFC44C96F888C275FED1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolSyst.39.1.136-148.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Systematics 39 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD.1:ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD" docStyleName="ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Prosopocoilus crenulidens" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="143" masterDocId="4578A41A1378FFCC4C1EFFB3C07EFFFD" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Prosopocoilus gracilis (Saunders, 1854) and its allied species from China (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)" masterLastPageNumber="148" masterPageNumber="136" pageNumber="142" updateTime="1698934107910" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="E61BF9281FA11048740F10007152B378">Taxonomic revision of Prosopocoilus gracilis (Saunders, 1854) and its allied species from China (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C0955E051751949FDF17CCDFEA24B5F2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AF47DB757F5C28226B8D248E029B68D1">Zhong, Fang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9A2DE58A341C69C045D27AC162FF3C75">Department of Ecology, School of Resources & Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B54EBD9595F34A31D278B86689AB420C">Bai, Ming</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1D7BE3F51F7B14DE84ECD54A31DF799D">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EC8D87B3BCBA0E1A433823FA2081AC9A">Ge, Yang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D26BCECE7FF22E98A311959AF6B4D525">Department of Ecology, School of Resources & Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DDD62DDDC1E350620E68B9850FB82FC6">Wan, Xia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8442D0A529FC103FFD440EAB967621D9">Department of Ecology, School of Resources & Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="EA3F4B1756E8658731B72E8155BA4A3A">Zoological Systematics</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="61765D98614DCD4FA9836A80A1A7991C">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="B941DC62137EFFC44C96F888C275FED1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5076315" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183399387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5076315" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B941DC62137EFFC44C96F888C275FED1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B941DC62137EFFC44C96F888C275FED1" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
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<subSubSection id="79F23EFF137EFFCA4C96F888C3F4F8AF" box="[136,906,1851,1875]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="31576D74137EFFCA4C96F888C3F4F8AF" blockId="6.[136,906,1851,2009]" box="[136,906,1851,1875]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
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<heading id="6A1FDA18137EFFCA4C96F888C3F4F8AF" box="[136,906,1851,1875]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137EFFCA4C96F888C205F8AF" authority="(Fairmaire, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[136,635,1851,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4C96F888C205F8AF" bold="true" box="[136,635,1851,1874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4C96F888C1D5F8AF" bold="true" box="[136,427,1851,1874]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Prosopocoilus crenulidens</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="55791085137EFFCA4DA7F888C20DF8AF" author="Fairmaire" box="[441,627,1851,1874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" pagination="173 - 176" refId="ref8464" refString="Fairmaire, L. 1895. Deuxieme note sure quelques Coleopteres des environs de Lang-Song. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 39: 173 - 176." type="journal article" year="1895">Fairmaire, 1895</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="A9D371F1137EFFCA4E82F888C29FF8AF" box="[668,737,1851,1874]" captionStart="Figs 1–4" captionStartId="2.[136,177,1517,1538]" captionTargetBox="[256,1359,635,1464]" captionTargetId="figure-393@2.[212,1384,623,1472]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–4. Labels, type specimens in MNHN. 1. Lectotype of Prosopocoilu gracilis (Saunders). 2. Holotype of Prosopocoilus piceipennis. 3. Holotype of Prosopocoilus tonkinensis. 4. Lectotype of Prosopocoilus denticulatus. Scale bars = 10mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4616847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4616847/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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, 22–30, 55–57)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="79F23EFF137EFFCB4C96F8EAC57EFC44" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="31576D74137EFFCA4C96F8EAC335F893" blockId="6.[136,906,1851,2009]" box="[136,843,1881,1902]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
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<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137EFFCA4C96F8EAC259F893" ID-CoL="VP75" authority="Fairmaire, 1895" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1895" box="[136,551,1881,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Cladognathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4C96F8EAC1FAF893" box="[136,388,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Cladognathus crenulidens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="55791085137EFFCA4D94F8EAC259F893" author="Fairmaire" box="[394,551,1881,1902]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" pagination="173 - 176" refId="ref8464" refString="Fairmaire, L. 1895. Deuxieme note sure quelques Coleopteres des environs de Lang-Song. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 39: 173 - 176." type="journal article" year="1895">Fairmaire, 1895</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4E31F8EAC294F893" box="[559,746,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg</emphasis>
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., 39: 173.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="31576D74137EFFCA4C96F8C7C2B3F874" blockId="6.[136,906,1851,2009]" box="[136,717,1908,1929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
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<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137EFFCA4C96F8C7C24EF874" authority="Pouillaude, 1913" authorityName="Pouillaude" authorityYear="1913" box="[136,560,1908,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4C96F8C7C1FAF874" box="[136,388,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Prosopocoilus tonkinensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="55791085137EFFCA4D94F8C7C24EF874" author="Pouillaude" box="[394,560,1908,1929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" pagination="332 - 337" refId="ref8786" refString="Pouillaude, I. 1913. Note sur quelques Lucanidae d'Indo-Chine. Insecta, 3: 332 - 337, 7 figs." type="book chapter" year="1913">Pouillaude, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4E27F8C7C200F874" box="[569,638,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Insecta</emphasis>
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, 3: 335.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="31576D74137EFFCA4C96F83CC361F859" blockId="6.[136,906,1851,2009]" box="[136,799,1935,1956]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
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<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137EFFCA4C96F83CC1B5F859" authority=": Arrow, 1943" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1943" box="[136,459,1935,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Dorcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4C96F83CC13DF859" box="[136,323,1935,1956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Dorcus crenulidens</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="55791085137EFFCA4D51F83CC1B5F859" author="Arrow" box="[335,459,1935,1956]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" pagination="133 - 143" refId="ref8096" refString="Arrow, G. J. 1943. On the genera and nomenclature of the Lucanoid Coleoptera, and descriptions of a few new species. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., 12 (B): 133 - 143." type="journal article" year="1943">Arrow, 1943</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4DCAF83CC2C3F859" box="[468,701,1935,1956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Proc. R. Ent. Soc. Lond.</emphasis>
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, (B): 138.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="31576D74137EFFCA4C96F81AC319F843" blockId="6.[136,906,1851,2009]" box="[136,871,1961,1982]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
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<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137EFFCA4C96F81AC211F843" authority=": Didier & Seguy, 1953" authorityName="Didier & Seguy" authorityYear="1953" box="[136,623,1961,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4C96F81AC1EDF843" box="[136,403,1961,1982]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Prosopocoelus crenulidens:</emphasis>
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Didier & Séguy, 1953
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4E69F81AC293F843" box="[631,749,1961,1982]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Encycl. Ent.</emphasis>
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, 27(A): 111.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="31576D74137EFFCA4C96F877C350F824" blockId="6.[136,906,1851,2009]" box="[136,814,1988,2009]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
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<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137EFFCA4C96F877C264F824" authority=": Benesh, 1960" authorityName=": Benesh" authorityYear="1960" box="[136,538,1988,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4C96F877C1F9F824" box="[136,391,1988,2009]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Prosopocoilus crenulidens</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="55791085137EFFCA4D8AF877C264F824" author="Benesh" box="[404,538,1988,2009]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" refId="ref8226" refString="Benesh, B. 1960. Lucanidea. In: Hincks, W. D. (ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa. Pars 8. W. Junk. Gravenhage, Netherlands. 178 pp." type="book" year="1960">Benesh, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="039CB166137EFFCA4E3DF877C2E3F824" box="[547,669,1988,2009]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Coleop. Cat.</emphasis>
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, 8(Suppl.): 66.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="31576D74137FFFCB4CDEFF5EC57EFC44" blockId="7.[136,1458,236,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">
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Length 21.0–55.0 mm. Width 7.5–17.0 mm. Color. Dark brown (Figs 22–30). Head. Inverted trapezoidal, 1.5–2.3 times wider than long in males. Anterior margin at middle slightly concaved, with forming a large, semi-circularly frontal depression (anterior edge of depression processed a triangular projection at middle in large and medium-sized males and absent in small males). Vertex gently raised. In females, the frontal depression small and shallow mainly covered with densely large punctures; vertex almost flatten. Male mandibles. Almost as long as the total length of head and pronotum in large and medium-sized males, but distinctly shorter than the total length in small males. Mandibles of large males slightly curved inwards. A marked sub-apical tooth presented closed to the apex. An internally large, rectangular tooth apically bifurcated, situated at the mandibular base; at the front of this tooth, 12–14 denticles serrated (two of them close to the sub-apical teeth distinctly larger than others in large males). Size of these teeth and the amount of denticles gradually reduced with body size diminishing in males; in small males, the basally rectangle teeth and sub-apical teeth absent totally, merely a row of denticles serrated. Mentum. Almost trapezoidal, front angles rounded, scattered with small punctures. That of female scattered with large punctures, containing sparsely brown setae. Pronotum. 2.0 times wider than long, almost as wide as that of pronotum. Front angles quite acute. Lateral margins slightly serrated and curved, straightly divergent on anterior 2/3, then gently convergent on posterior 1/3. Hind angles obtusely rounded. In females: lateral margins uniformly convex, serrated. Elytra. 1.3–1.5 times longer than wide, almost as wide as that of pronotum. Disc dim and dark brown. Punctures presented densely along the elytra suture. Legs. Front tibiae slender, laterally serrated with 5–7 small teeth. Aedeagus (
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<figureCitation id="A9D371F1137FFFCB4D96FCABC279FCD2" box="[392,519,791,815]" captionStart="Figs 43–60" captionStartId="10.[136,177,1696,1717]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,258,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-145@10.[136,1451,251,1652]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 43–60. Aedeagus in ventral view, dorsal view and lateral view. 43–48. Prosopocoilus gracilis (Saunders). 43–45. Specimen from Fujian. 46–48. Specimen from Yunnan. 49–51. Prosopocoilus similis. 52–54. Prosopocoilus piceipennis. 55–57. Prosopocoilus crenulidens. 58–60. Prosopocoilus denticulatus. Scale bars = 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4616857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4616857/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Figs 55–57</figureCitation>
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). Stout and very sclerotized, the ventrally triangular tooth of PA very large and long (length 3.36 mm from the point angle to the outer margin of PA) and sharply curved so that the two teeth crossed to each other. PES stout, about 2.1 times the length of Tegmen. BP about 3.0 times the length of PA. Female genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="A9D371F1137FFFCB4950FCEEC5E1FC89" box="[1358,1439,861,884]" captionStart="Figs 61–63" captionStartId="11.[136,177,1950,1971]" captionTargetBox="[225,1372,1296,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-540@11.[205,1386,1280,1940]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 61–63. Female genitalia. 61. Prosopocoilus gracilis. 62. Prosopocoilus crenulidens. 63. Prosopocoilus denticulatus. Scale bars = 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4616859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4616859/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
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). HS almost plate-liked, strongly sclerotised with sub-round apex; paired sclerites of sternite 9 relatively narrow. SD distinctly widened where it joins BC. The apex of S elongate oval-shaped. SG slender with expanded apex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="79F23EFF137FFFC44CDEFC76C275FED1" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="31576D74137FFFCB4CDEFC76C55DFC02" blockId="7.[136,1458,236,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">
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Type material examined.
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<typeStatus id="EE53D3D6137FFFCB4DCCFC76C248FC21" box="[466,566,965,988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4E44FC76C316FC21" authority="Pouillaude" authorityName="Pouillaude" authorityYear="1913" box="[602,872,965,988]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4E44FC76C292FC21" box="[602,748,965,988]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. tonkinensis</emphasis>
|
||
Pouillaude
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4F6DFC76C3F9FC21" box="[883,903,965,988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A9D371F1137FFFCB4F88FC76C3A8FC21" box="[918,982,965,988]" captionStart="Figs 1–4" captionStartId="2.[136,177,1517,1538]" captionTargetBox="[256,1359,635,1464]" captionTargetId="figure-393@2.[212,1384,623,1472]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–4. Labels, type specimens in MNHN. 1. Lectotype of Prosopocoilu gracilis (Saunders). 2. Holotype of Prosopocoilus piceipennis. 3. Holotype of Prosopocoilus tonkinensis. 4. Lectotype of Prosopocoilus denticulatus. Scale bars = 10mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4616847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4616847/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), in
|
||
<collectionCode id="57F9F5B1137FFFCB4816FC76C422FC21" box="[1032,1116,965,988]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
, labelled:
|
||
<typeStatus id="EE53D3D6137FFFCB48D4FC76C556FC21" box="[1226,1320,965,988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(red label) /
|
||
<collectingCountry id="49FF2DE4137FFFCB4C96FC5BC0A8FC02" box="[136,214,1000,1023]" name="Vietnam" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Tonkin</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Hagang, 1914, Le
|
||
<collectionCode id="57F9F5B1137FFFCB4DB8FC5BC1C5FC02" box="[422,443,1000,1023]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. Vitalis de Salvaza /vitalis (handwritten) /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4F9EFC5BC386FC02" authorityName="Pouillaude" authorityYear="1913" box="[896,1016,1000,1023]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4F9EFC5BC386FC02" box="[896,1016,1000,1023]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">tonkinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type! Lemee (handwritten).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="31576D74137FFFCB4CDEFBB9C51CFACA" blockId="7.[136,1458,236,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">
|
||
Additional material examined.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4E0CFBB9C33FFBDC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664314" box="[530,833,1034,1057]" collectorName="Hoa-Binh" country="Vietnam" location="Vietnam" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="49FF2DE4137FFFCB4E0CFBB9C211FBDC" box="[530,623,1034,1057]" name="Vietnam" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Tonkin,
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4ECBFBB9C33FFBDC" box="[725,833,1034,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Hoa-Binh</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4F50FBB9C39AFBDC" box="[846,996,1034,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1939-10">October 1939</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4FEFFBB9C46CFBDC" box="[1009,1042,1034,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB483FFBB9C43DFBDC" box="[1057,1091,1034,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">7♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB484CFBB9C4C1FBDC" box="[1106,1215,1034,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1939-07">July 1939</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB48D5FBB9C493FBDC" box="[1227,1261,1034,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB48E2FBB9C343FBB9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664319" collectingDate="1940-07" collectorName="A. de Cooman & Hoa-Binh" country="Tonkin" location="Mt. Bevi" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="14" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="10">
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB48E2FBB9C517FBDC" box="[1276,1385,1034,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1940-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5512B25C137FFFCB48E2FBB9C517FBDC" box="[1276,1385,1034,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1940-07">July 1940</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4968FBB9C5DBFBDC" box="[1398,1445,1034,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">10♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4C96FB9EC0D4FBB9" box="[136,170,1069,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4CA4FB9EC125FBB9" box="[186,347,1069,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">A. de Cooman</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4D83FB9EC277FBB9" box="[413,521,1069,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Hoa-Binh</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="34373BAF137FFFCB4E09FB9EC205FBB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B941DC62137EFFC44C96F888C275FED1:34373BAF137FFFCB4E09FB9EC205FBB9" box="[535,635,1069,1092]" country="Tonkin" name="Mt. Bevi" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Mt. Bevi</location>
|
||
, alt. 800–1 000 m
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4F55FB9EC527FBB9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664317" box="[843,1369,1069,1092]" collectingDate="1941-07" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="A. de Cooman" country="Tonkin" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4F55FB9EC3C7FBB9" box="[843,953,1069,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1941-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5512B25C137FFFCB4F55FB9EC3C7FBB9" box="[843,953,1069,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1941-07">July 1941</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4FD9FB9EC396FBB9" box="[967,1000,1069,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4FE6FB9EC4E7FBB9" box="[1016,1177,1069,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">A. de Cooman</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (in
|
||
<collectionCode id="57F9F5B1137FFFCB48E5FB9EC52FFBB9" box="[1275,1361,1069,1092]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4978FB9EC2C4FB9A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664302" collectingDate="1932-05-30" collectingDateMax="1932-06-05" collectingDateMin="1932-05-30" collectorName="Qi He" country="China" location="Hainan" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="47" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="37" stateProvince="Hainan">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="49FF2DE4137FFFCB4978FB9EC5D6FBB9" box="[1382,1448,1069,1092]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F32CA396137FFFCB4C96FBE3C0A6FB9A" box="[136,216,1104,1127]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Hainan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4CFCFBE3C1B8FB9A" box="[226,454,1103,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1932-05-30" valueMax="1932-06-05" valueMin="1932-05-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5512B25C137FFFCB4CFCFBE3C1B8FB9A" box="[226,454,1103,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1932-05-30" valueMax="1932-06-05" valueMin="1932-05-30">30 May–5 June 1932</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4DCFFBE3C27EFB9A" box="[465,512,1104,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">37♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4E13FBE3C242FB9A" box="[525,572,1104,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">10♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4E57FBE3C2F7FB9A" box="[585,649,1104,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Qi He</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4ED8FBE3C3D7FB9A" box="[710,937,1103,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1934-05-22" valueMax="1934-06-05" valueMin="1934-05-22">22 May–5 June 1934</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4FAAFBE3C3ABFB9A" box="[948,981,1104,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">8♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4FFDFBE3C47AFB9A" box="[995,1028,1104,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, collector unknown;
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB48F8FBE3C5D0FB9A" box="[1254,1454,1103,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1934-08-07" valueMax="1934-08-19" valueMin="1934-08-07">7–19 August 1934</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4C96FBC1C0D4FB74" box="[136,170,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4CA7FBC1C0A5FB74" box="[185,219,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, collector unknown;
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4DDAFBC1C20FFB74" box="[452,625,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1934-10-07">7 October 1934</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4E61FBC1C2DEFB74" box="[639,672,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, collector unknown; Feng-Ling Jian,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4820FBC1C4A4FB74" box="[1086,1242,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1980-04-11">11 April 1980</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB48F9FBC1C576FB74" box="[1255,1288,1138,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Fu-Ji Pu leg.;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4C96FB26C167FB51" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664331" box="[136,281,1173,1196]" collectingDate="1932-05-30" collectingDateMax="1932-06-05" collectingDateMin="1932-05-30" collectorName="Qi He" country="China" location="Hainan" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hainan">same locality</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4D38FB26C326FB51" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664326" box="[294,856,1173,1196]" collectingDate="1983-07-10" collectorName="Mao-Bing Gu" country="China" location="Mt. Diaoluo" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4D38FB26C1C6FB51" box="[294,440,1173,1196]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1983-07-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5512B25C137FFFCB4D38FB26C1C6FB51" box="[294,440,1173,1196]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1983-07-10">10 July 1983</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4DD8FB26C199FB51" box="[454,487,1173,1196]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4DE9FB26C2F1FB51" box="[503,655,1173,1196]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Mao-Bing Gu</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<location id="34373BAF137FFFCB4ECEFB26C326FB51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B941DC62137EFFC44C96F888C275FED1:34373BAF137FFFCB4ECEFB26C326FB51" box="[720,856,1173,1196]" country="China" name="Mt. Diaoluo" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Mt. Diaoluo</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4F7BFB26C475FB51" box="[869,1035,1173,1196]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1981-08-03">3 August 1981</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4806FB26C447FB51" box="[1048,1081,1173,1196]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, You-Dong Lin leg.;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4936FB26C283FB32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664335" collectingDate="1960-06-29" collectorName="Xue-Zhong Zhang" country="China" location="Tongshi" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="17" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="14" stateProvince="Guangdong">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F32CA396137FFFCB4936FB26C5D9FB51" box="[1320,1447,1173,1196]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="34373BAF137FFFCB4C96FB0BC09EFB32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B941DC62137EFFC44C96F888C275FED1:34373BAF137FFFCB4C96FB0BC09EFB32" box="[136,224,1208,1231]" country="China" name="Tongshi" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" stateProvince="Guangdong">Tongshi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4CF0FB0BC1FAFB32" box="[238,388,1208,1231]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1960-06-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5512B25C137FFFCB4CF0FB0BC1FAFB32" box="[238,388,1208,1231]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1960-06-29">29 June 1960</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4D8FFB0BC1BEFB32" box="[401,448,1208,1231]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">14♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4DCEFB0BC18FFB32" box="[464,497,1208,1231]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4E1FFB0BC2B7FB32" box="[513,713,1208,1231]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Xue-Zhong Zhang</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4F14FB0BC468FB32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664312" box="[778,1046,1208,1231]" collectingDate="1960-06-29" collectorName="Xue-Zhong Zhang" country="China" elevation="340" location="Tongshi" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong">
|
||
same locality, alt.
|
||
<quantity id="F610C091137FFFCB4FCDFB0BC468FB32" box="[979,1046,1208,1231]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" unit="m" value="340.0">
|
||
<elevation id="BAC58A47137FFFCB4FCDFB0BC468FB32" box="[979,1046,1208,1231]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" unit="m" value="340.0">340 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB483DFB0BC4B6FB32" box="[1059,1224,1208,1231]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1960-08-05">5 August 1960</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB48CBFB0BC489FB32" box="[1237,1271,1208,1231]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, Gui-Fu Li leg.; Qionghai,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4CE5FB69C385FB0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664325" box="[251,1019,1242,1265]" collectingDate="1967-07" collectorName="Qiongnan" country="China" location="Nanfeng Forest" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4CE5FB69C116FB0C" box="[251,360,1242,1265]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1967-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5512B25C137FFFCB4CE5FB69C116FB0C" box="[251,360,1242,1265]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1967-07">July 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4D6BFB69C1E9FB0C" box="[373,407,1242,1265]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, collector unknown;
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4E9EFB69C292FB0C" box="[640,748,1242,1265]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Qiongnan</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="34373BAF137FFFCB4EE6FB69C3DEFB0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B941DC62137EFFC44C96F888C275FED1:34373BAF137FFFCB4EE6FB69C3DEFB0C" box="[760,928,1242,1265]" country="China" name="Nanfeng Forest" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Nanfeng Forest</location>
|
||
Factory
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4816FB69C4E0FB0C" box="[1032,1182,1242,1265]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1977-06-16">16 June 1977</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB48B4FB69C4B2FB0C" box="[1194,1228,1242,1265]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, collector unknown.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4C96FB4EC11FFAE9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664303" box="[136,353,1277,1300]" collectorName="Pingxiang" country="China" location="Guangxi" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F32CA396137FFFCB4C96FB4EC098FAE9" box="[136,230,1277,1300]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4CECFB4EC11FFAE9" box="[242,353,1277,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Pingxiang</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4D72FB4EC182FAE9" box="[364,508,1277,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1976-06-11">11 June 1976</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4E19FB4EC256FAE9" box="[519,552,1277,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4E28FB4EC229FAE9" box="[566,599,1277,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Bao-Lin Zhang leg.; Shangsi, alt.
|
||
<quantity id="F610C091137FFFCB4FD1FB4EC46CFAE9" box="[975,1042,1277,1300]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4803FB4EC14DFACA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664304" collectingDate="1999-05-30" collectionCode="NZMC" collectorName="Xue-Zhong Zhang" country="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4803FB4EC4D3FAE9" box="[1053,1197,1277,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1999-05-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5512B25C137FFFCB4803FB4EC4D3FAE9" box="[1053,1197,1277,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="1999-05-30">30 May 1999</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB48A6FB4EC4A7FAE9" box="[1208,1241,1277,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB48F9FB4EC5D2FAE9" box="[1255,1452,1277,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Xue-Zhong Zhang</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (in
|
||
<collectionCode id="57F9F5B1137FFFCB4CC4FA93C152FACA" box="[218,300,1312,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">NZMC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="81806729137FFFCB4D20FA93C520FACA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314664305" box="[318,1374,1312,1335]" collectingDate="2011-08-01" collectionCode="MAHU" collectorName="Lei & Sheng-Chen Yang" country="China" location="Baise" municipality="Mt. Daming" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" specimenCount="11" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="10">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="D133F70E137FFFCB4D20FA93C1BAFACA" box="[318,452,1312,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Mt. Daming</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="34373BAF137FFFCB4DD0FA93C272FACA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B941DC62137EFFC44C96F888C275FED1:34373BAF137FFFCB4DD0FA93C272FACA" box="[462,524,1312,1335]" country="China" municipality="Mt. Daming" name="Baise" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Baise</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4E09FA93C232FACA" box="[535,588,1312,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">10 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4E47FA93C205FACA" box="[601,635,1312,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="45564BB4137FFFCB4E96FA93C35BFACA" box="[648,805,1312,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="2011-08-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="5512B25C137FFFCB4E96FA93C35BFACA" box="[648,805,1312,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" value="2011-08-01">1 August 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, Chen-Li
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4F8EFA93C3CAFACA" box="[912,948,1312,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Lei</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="9C1D08A2137FFFCB4FF9FA93C4D6FACA" box="[999,1192,1312,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Sheng-Chen Yang</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (in
|
||
<collectionCode id="57F9F5B1137FFFCB491FFA93C529FACA" box="[1281,1367,1312,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">MAHU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="31576D74137FFFCB4CDEFAF1C308FAA4" blockId="7.[136,1458,236,2004]" box="[192,886,1346,1369]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">
|
||
Distribution.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="49FF2DE4137FFFCB4D50FAF1C1F0FAA4" box="[334,398,1346,1369]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F32CA396137FFFCB4D82FAF1C263FAA4" box="[412,541,1346,1369]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F32CA396137FFFCB4E39FAF1C209FAA4" box="[551,631,1346,1369]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Hainan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F32CA396137FFFCB4E9CFAF1C29DFAA4" box="[642,739,1346,1369]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
); N.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="49FF2DE4137FFFCB4F0BFAF1C30DFAA4" box="[789,883,1346,1369]" name="Vietnam" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="31576D74137FFFCB4CDEFAD4C271F874" blockId="7.[136,1458,236,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">
|
||
Remarks. There are different opinions about taxonomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4F29FAD4C42BFA83" authorityName=": Benesh" authorityYear="1960" box="[823,1109,1383,1406]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4F29FAD4C42BFA83" box="[823,1109,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Prosopocoilus crenulidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="55791085137FFFCB487DFAD4C488FA83" author="Didier & Etude" box="[1123,1270,1383,1406]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref8346" refString="Didier, R. 1928. Etude sur les Coleopteres Lucanides du globe. I. La vie et l'oeuvre Scientifique de H. Boileau 1866 - 1924. Catalogue de sa Collection. Librairie Speciale Agricole, Paris, Fascicule. 1: 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1928">Didier (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
thought it was a good species and treated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4D88FA3EC2EBFA59" authority="Pouillaud" authorityName="Pouillaude" authorityYear="1913" box="[406,661,1421,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4D88FA3EC256FA59" box="[406,552,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. tonkinensis</emphasis>
|
||
Pouillaud
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as its junior synonym.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="55791085137FFFCB4F8EFA3EC448FA59" author="Bomans" box="[912,1078,1421,1444]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" pagination="141 - 171" refId="ref8298" refString="Bomans, H. E. 1978. Contribution a l'etude des Coleopteres Lucanides. Notes diverses sur le genre Prosopocoelus et descriptions d'especes nouvelles du Sud-Est asiatique. Bull. Ann. Soc. R. Ent. Belg., 114: 141 - 171." type="journal article" year="1978">Bomans (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered it as a doubtful species because its original description was not very corresponding with the current “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4FFFFA01C407FA34" authorityName=": Benesh" authorityYear="1960" box="[993,1145,1458,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4FFFFA01C407FA34" box="[993,1145,1458,1481]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. crenulidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” we had known. What was worse,
|
||
<typeStatus id="EE53D3D6137FFFCB4CC9FA64C14AFA13" box="[215,308,1495,1518]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4D42FA64C18DFA13" authorityName=": Benesh" authorityYear="1960" box="[348,499,1495,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4D42FA64C18DFA13" box="[348,499,1495,1518]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. crenulidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were missing in Paris Museum. We also tried to look for them in
|
||
<collectionCode id="57F9F5B1137FFFCB48D2FA64C562FA13" box="[1228,1308,1495,1518]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="57F9F5B1137FFFCB494DFA64C5D9FA13" box="[1363,1447,1495,1518]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">OXUM</collectionCode>
|
||
, but any of them could not been found. In our view, Fairmaire’s description in males presented some targeted characters: “
|
||
<quantity id="F610C091137FFFCB4C8DF991C17AF9C4" box="[147,260,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="33.5" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="25.0">25–42 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, brown, quite shiny; similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4E92F991C337F9C4" authority="Saunders" authorityName="Saunders" box="[652,841,1570,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4E92F991C2A0F9C4" box="[652,734,1570,1593]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
Saunders
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but bigger and wider; mandible stronger and flatter with many more denticles; basal teeth sturdy, 3 apical teeth stronger; front tibiae processed multi-denticles, the others only with one median spine, … etc.”. The description is mainly matched with the currently known males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4881F9DEC54BF979" authorityName=": Benesh" authorityYear="1960" box="[1183,1333,1645,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4881F9DEC54BF979" box="[1183,1333,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. crenulidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Therefore, as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="55791085137FFFCB4CB9F921C145F954" author="Didier & Etude" box="[167,315,1682,1705]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref8346" refString="Didier, R. 1928. Etude sur les Coleopteres Lucanides du globe. I. La vie et l'oeuvre Scientifique de H. Boileau 1866 - 1924. Catalogue de sa Collection. Librairie Speciale Agricole, Paris, Fascicule. 1: 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1928">Didier (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4DC3F921C20BF954" authorityName=": Benesh" authorityYear="1960" box="[477,629,1682,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4DC3F921C20BF954" box="[477,629,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. crenulidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a clear species and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4F9AF921C466F954" authorityName="Pouillaude" authorityYear="1913" box="[900,1048,1682,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4F9AF921C466F954" box="[900,1048,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. tonkinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was its junior synonym. It was most possible that Didier had examined type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4E46F904C292F933" authorityName="Pouillaude" authorityYear="1913" box="[600,748,1719,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4E46F904C292F933" box="[600,748,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. tonkinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4FCFF904C416F933" authorityName=": Benesh" authorityYear="1960" box="[977,1128,1719,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4FCFF904C416F933" box="[977,1128,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. crenulidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other allied species from Mr. Boileau’s good collections due to these records in his paper (p. 20:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4F9CF96EC42CF909" authority="Westw." authorityName="Westw." box="[898,1106,1757,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4F9CF96EC382F909" box="[898,1020,1757,1780]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">piceipennis</emphasis>
|
||
Westw.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4840F96EC4FEF909" box="[1118,1152,1757,1780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">6♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4893F96EC4D1F909" box="[1165,1199,1757,1780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB48DBF96EC519F909" authority="Saund." authorityName="Saund." box="[1221,1383,1757,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB48DBF96EC568F909" box="[1221,1302,1757,1780]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
Saund.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB496BF96EC5DBF909" box="[1397,1445,1757,1780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">57♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4C96F8B1C0C9F8E4" box="[136,183,1794,1817]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">23♀</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4CD1F8B1C1E5F8E4" authority="Fairm." authorityName="Fairm." box="[207,411,1794,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4CD1F8B1C134F8E4" box="[207,330,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">crenulidens</emphasis>
|
||
Fairm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4DB5F8B1C1A4F8E4" box="[427,474,1794,1817]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">35♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4DF4F8B1C266F8E4" box="[490,536,1794,1817]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">11♀</specimenCount>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB4E2FF8B1C28FF8E4" authority="Boil." authorityName="Boil." box="[561,753,1794,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4E2FF8B1C2CDF8E4" box="[561,691,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">denticulatus</emphasis>
|
||
Boil.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Type (
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4F5EF8B1C310F8E4" box="[832,878,1794,1817]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">11♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB4F60F8B1C3E1F8E4" box="[894,927,1794,1817]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB4FA9F8B1C383F8E4" box="[951,1021,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">cilipes</emphasis>
|
||
Thomos. (
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB486BF8B1C4DAF8E4" box="[1141,1188,1794,1817]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="male">35♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="27EEA6FD137FFFCB48AAF8B1C4ABF8E4" box="[1204,1237,1794,1817]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="female">9♀</specimenCount>
|
||
)…]”. According to the female described by Fairmire, its large size (
|
||
<quantity id="F610C091137FFFCB4EBCF894C292F8C3" box="[674,748,1831,1854]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
) was slightly doubtful. Normally, females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6E816F7137FFFCB48F8F894C52BF8C3" box="[1254,1365,1831,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Prosopocoilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="039CB166137FFFCB48F8F894C52BF8C3" box="[1254,1365,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">P. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group were no more than
|
||
<quantity id="F610C091137FFFCB4D83F8FEC199F899" box="[413,487,1869,1892]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="30.0">30mm</quantity>
|
||
. Anyway, the female was not important to identify this species because it was very simply described in the original description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="31576D74137FFFC44CDEF824C275FED1" blockId="7.[136,1458,236,2004]" lastBlockId="8.[136,1452,239,300]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">
|
||
In addition, geographic variation is remarkable. Some males from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F32CA396137FFFCB4F83F824C394F853" box="[925,1002,1943,1966]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Hainan</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Figs 26–30) process broader mandibles than that of those from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F32CA396137FFFCB4D8FF80EC193F829" box="[401,493,1981,2004]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Figs 22–25), but the male genitalia are almost same. As it was above-mentioned, the variation should be influenced by compressive pressures from sexual selection, habitat fragmentation and niche competition in different eco-system.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |