528 lines
67 KiB
XML
528 lines
67 KiB
XML
<document id="35017560409FFFCB09E315A6A7FE4475" ID-CLB-Dataset="21907" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.390" ID-GBIF-Dataset="54438cfa-5f3a-4ee3-85c8-00e453a6d641" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839858" ID-ZooBank="4D1D1CA3-8345-4BA3-9C7C-5EBDD40752CE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590155668479" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Wisshak, Max" docDate="2017" docId="8878B758BA609F3F4ED222ABFDA9F826" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-390.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 390" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Clionolithes Clarke 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="7441CF20BA769F284C53200DFFF9FFC3" masterDocTitle="Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora’s box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698840949990" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="B317AFC2E4260503C00E139A0E62736C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="6195D8048643AC1E166EDC44A6D6A8BD">
|
||
<mods:title id="3B94C80B300ECA1D6243A371B6D514FC">Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora’s box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="A76842886F2096676AD7456732A3D04B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="8FD6640BD5CA63F87769D7D390228C1B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="AEAD08686F4CF9DC93946A41C897B5C2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="27C9578B472A2503CFDADB9E4006F306">Wisshak, Max</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="AABF135F2BF58DC58F463444A6301619">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="10D42E6AC72F13A466388695AA6722B9" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="D3F1A93DFD0AF21CA9E9F22688B5C255">
|
||
<mods:title id="CAACB2E24840B99A932D07F80C069188">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="4CA98EDE6F38B7E8C277784D9E5C053B">
|
||
<mods:date id="41E0D1758132C39B0635A50265414238">2017</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A6971948833E7E6180016D9835F12610" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="BD0E8B7896240A37A8444C4061F2EC98">2017-12-29</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="7D33FDE8A794DDD93B38A593FA1F5156" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="D1DCE946F233DD04CD73FEDD2B57C8A9">390</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="DA63F2F8A966195FA16BA90EC5487090" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="B6961D162EF9A9085A9450C5D11BA540">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="5A5B710719E4D0365601CE0F5AEEBA09">99</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="8588477626EC5369C3C380B03664332E">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="43B126A6E4DF28051758803593B301A3" type="CLB-Dataset">21907</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="470D8E688F89E16608E6E911B002ADF2" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2017.390</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="089FEF3415C928C82C259A7AC8F113A2" type="GBIF-Dataset">54438cfa-5f3a-4ee3-85c8-00e453a6d641</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D74A7825B85246881522CAEAC0AB4AE7" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E6815DD807F943951E44F3538CDBA281" type="Zenodo-Dep">3839858</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FCAABA804BA672282645B382A04F17FB" type="ZooBank">4D1D1CA3-8345-4BA3-9C7C-5EBDD40752CE</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="8878B758BA609F3F4ED222ABFDA9F826" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853767" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164249277" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853767" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA609F3F4ED222ABFDA9F826" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8878B758BA609F3F4ED222ABFDA9F826" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA609F3E4ED222ABFC4AFD02" box="[641,947,678,705]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4ED222ABFC4AFD02" blockId="22.[641,947,678,705]" box="[641,947,678,705]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA609F3E4ED222ABFC4AFD02" box="[641,947,678,705]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4ED222ABFC4AFD02" authority="Clarke, 1908" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[641,947,678,705]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4ED222ABFCEDFD02" bold="true" box="[641,788,678,705]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4F4822AAFC4AFD02" author="Clarke" box="[795,947,679,705]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="146 - 169" refId="ref49949" refString="Clarke J. M. 1908. The beginnings of dependent life. New York State Museum Bulletin 121: 146 - 169." type="journal article" year="1908">Clarke, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA609F3E4CEE22EDFD87FC82" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE22EDFDDAFD38" blockId="22.[189,645,736,833]" box="[189,547,736,763]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA609F3E4CEE22EDFDDAFD38" box="[189,547,736,763]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA609F3E4CEE22EDFDE7FD38" author="Solle G." box="[189,542,736,763]" page="156" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1938">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4CEE22EDFDE7FD38" authority="Solle, 1938: 156" authorityName="Solle" authorityPageNumber="156" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,542,736,763]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE22EDFEAAFD39" box="[189,339,736,762]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Olkenbachia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4D0922EDFDE7FD38" author="Solle" box="[346,542,736,763]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle, 1938: 156</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE2309FD7CFCDD" blockId="22.[189,645,736,833]" box="[189,645,772,798]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA609F3E4CEE2309FD7CFCDD" box="[189,645,772,798]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4CEE2309FD7CFCDD" box="[189,645,772,798]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA609F3E4CEE2309FD78FCDD" box="[189,641,772,798]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE2309FE92FCDD" box="[189,363,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ramodendrina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4D212309FD78FCDD" author="Vogel" box="[370,641,772,798]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="263 - 290" refId="ref54375" refString="Vogel K., Golubic S. & Brett C. E. 1987. Endolith associations and their relation to facies distribution in the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA. Lethaia 20: 263 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1987. tb 02047. x" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
Vogel
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4DEE2308FE01FCDD" box="[445,504,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1987: 270
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE232AFD87FC82" blockId="22.[189,645,736,833]" box="[189,638,807,833]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA609F3E4CEE232AFD87FC82" box="[189,638,807,833]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4CEE232AFD87FC82" box="[189,638,807,833]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA609F3E4CEE232AFD83FC82" box="[189,634,807,833]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE232AFE9CFC82" box="[189,357,807,833]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Platydendrina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4D3F232AFD83FC82" author="Vogel" box="[364,634,807,833]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="263 - 290" refId="ref54375" refString="Vogel K., Golubic S. & Brett C. E. 1987. Endolith associations and their relation to facies distribution in the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA. Lethaia 20: 263 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1987. tb 02047. x" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
Vogel
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4DE42325FE0BFC82" box="[439,498,807,833]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1987: 274
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA609F3E4CEE236CFDEBFC0E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE236CFE64FCB8" blockId="22.[189,413,865,891]" box="[189,413,865,891]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA609F3E4CEE236CFE64FCB8" bold="true" box="[189,413,865,891]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE236CFE64FCB8" bold="true" box="[189,413,865,891]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA609F3E4CEE236CFF03FCB8" box="[189,250,865,891]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
ichnospecies
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE2382FDEBFC0E" blockId="22.[189,1398,911,973]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4CEE2382FD9AFC6A" authority="Clarke, 1908" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[189,611,911,937]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="radicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE2382FE47FC6A" box="[189,446,911,937]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Clionolithes radicans</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4D9B2382FD9AFC6A" author="Clarke" box="[456,611,911,937]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="146 - 169" refId="ref49949" refString="Clarke J. M. 1908. The beginnings of dependent life. New York State Museum Bulletin 121: 146 - 169." type="journal article" year="1908">Clarke, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by subsequent designation in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4F872382FB82FC6A" author="Clarke" box="[980,1147,911,937]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 113" refId="ref49973" refString="Clarke J. M. 1921. Organic dependence and disease, their origin and significance. New York State Museum Bulletin 221 - 222: 1 - 113." type="journal article" year="1921">Clarke (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
or
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E48FB239DFEF2FC0E" author="Fenton & Fenton" firstAuthor="Fenton" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="42 - 54" refId="ref50523" refString="Fenton C. L. & Fenton M. A. 1932. Boring sponges in the Devonian of Iowa. American Midland Naturalist 13: 42 - 54." type="journal article" year="1932">Fenton & Fenton (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(see Remarks below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA609F3E4CEE23E1FB90FAC4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE23E1FE5BFBC5" blockId="22.[189,418,1004,1030]" box="[189,418,1004,1030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA609F3E4CEE23E1FE5BFBC5" bold="true" box="[189,418,1004,1030]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE23E1FE5BFBC5" bold="true" box="[189,418,1004,1030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Original diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE2416FF19FBF6" blockId="22.[189,224,1051,1077]" box="[189,224,1051,1077]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">n/a</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE2458FE56FBAC" blockId="22.[189,431,1109,1135]" box="[189,431,1109,1135]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA609F3E4CEE2458FE56FBAC" bold="true" box="[189,431,1109,1135]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE2458FE56FBAC" bold="true" box="[189,431,1109,1135]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE248EFB90FAC4" blockId="22.[189,1399,1155,1287]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Dendritic or rosetted boring network spreading immediately beneath the surface of calcareous skeletal substrates, with tunnels radiating and branching outward from a central node that shows deepest penetration of the trace and may expand into palmate fans. Tunnels taper, cross, or anastomose, and connect to the substrate surface at their terminations or along their entire length.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA609F3E4CEE252AFB04FA75" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE252AFE43FA82" blockId="22.[189,442,1319,1345]" box="[189,442,1319,1345]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA609F3E4CEE252AFE43FA82" bold="true" box="[189,442,1319,1345]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE252AFE43FA82" bold="true" box="[189,442,1319,1345]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Original description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE2558FB04FA75" blockId="22.[189,1399,1365,1462]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
[…] the generic designation
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4E462558FD5DFAAC" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[533,676,1365,1391]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4E462558FD5DFAAC" box="[533,676,1365,1391]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for a group [… are] very much smaller [than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4887255BFE9CFA50" authority="= Palaeosabella" authorityName="Palaeosabella" class="Gastropoda" family="Clionidae" genus="Vioa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="prisca">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4887255BFAA5FAAC" box="[1236,1372,1366,1391]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Vioa prisca</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE2574FE9CFA50" box="[189,357,1401,1427]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Palaeosabella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4D3E2574FE4FFA51" box="[365,438,1401,1426]" class="Gastropoda" family="Clionidae" genus="Vioa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="prisca">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4D3E2574FE4FFA51" box="[365,438,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">prisca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], much more intricate, arborescent or vagrant tubules. [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E481B2575FB0BFA50" author="Clarke" box="[1096,1266,1400,1427]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 113" refId="ref49973" refString="Clarke J. M. 1921. Organic dependence and disease, their origin and significance. New York State Museum Bulletin 221 - 222: 1 - 113." type="journal article" year="1921">Clarke (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, restricting the use of the ichnogenus, previously given with species descriptions only in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E481B2591FB08FA75" author="Clarke" box="[1096,1265,1435,1462]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="146 - 169" refId="ref49949" refString="Clarke J. M. 1908. The beginnings of dependent life. New York State Museum Bulletin 121: 146 - 169." type="journal article" year="1908">Clarke (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA609F3F4CEE25DBFDA9F826" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3E4CEE25DBFED6FA33" blockId="22.[189,303,1494,1520]" box="[189,303,1494,1520]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<heading id="5B26B122BA609F3E4CEE25DBFED6FA33" bold="true" box="[189,303,1494,1520]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE25DBFED6FA33" bold="true" box="[189,303,1494,1520]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA609F3F4CEE2609FDF6FDFC" blockId="22.[189,1399,1540,2024]" lastBlockId="23.[189,1399,267,575]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The ichnotaxonomical status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4E6E2609FD35F9DD" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[573,716,1540,1566]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4E6E2609FD35F9DD" box="[573,716,1540,1566]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
experienced a rough history after its original description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4CB2262AFE71F982" author="Clarke" box="[225,392,1575,1601]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="146 - 169" refId="ref49949" refString="Clarke J. M. 1908. The beginnings of dependent life. New York State Museum Bulletin 121: 146 - 169." type="journal article" year="1908">Clarke (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. He did not designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA609F3E4ECD2625FD28F981" box="[670,721,1576,1602]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
ichnospecies or give an ichnogenus diagnosis, but merely described three ichnospecies, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4EC82646FC2AF9A6" authority="(McCoy, 1855)" baseAuthorityName="McCoy" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[667,979,1610,1637]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="priscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4EC82646FCEDF9A7" box="[667,788,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C. priscus</emphasis>
|
||
(McCoy, 1855)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(original designation:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E48B72646FA95F9A7" box="[1252,1388,1611,1636]" class="Gastropoda" family="Clionidae" genus="Vioa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="prisca">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E48B72646FA95F9A7" box="[1252,1388,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Vioa prisca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) which is, however, a worm boring (ichnogenus
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4EA22663FC60F94B" box="[753,921,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Palaeosabella</emphasis>
|
||
) and erratic within the suite of his other ichnospecies.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4D37269CFDF2F968" author="Clarke" box="[356,523,1681,1707]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 113" refId="ref49973" refString="Clarke J. M. 1921. Organic dependence and disease, their origin and significance. New York State Museum Bulletin 221 - 222: 1 - 113." type="journal article" year="1921">Clarke (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognised this misplacement and restricted his earlier definition. In the same account he suggested
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4E5C26B8FD65F90D" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[527,668,1716,1743]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="radicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4E5C26B8FD65F90D" box="[527,668,1716,1743]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C. radicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA609F3E4EAB26B8FCD2F90C" box="[760,811,1717,1743]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
ichnospecies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4F8D26B9FB5CF90D" author="Clarke" box="[990,1189,1716,1742]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 113" refId="ref49973" refString="Clarke J. M. 1921. Organic dependence and disease, their origin and significance. New York State Museum Bulletin 221 - 222: 1 - 113." type="journal article" year="1921">Clarke 1921: 88</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) using the partly ambiguous phrasing “It is this form of sponge that may be taken as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA609F3E484A26D5FBB5F931" box="[1049,1100,1752,1778]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of the genus”.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E495626D5FE6FF8D6" author="Fenton & Fenton" firstAuthor="Fenton" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="42 - 54" refId="ref50523" refString="Fenton C. L. & Fenton M. A. 1932. Boring sponges in the Devonian of Iowa. American Midland Naturalist 13: 42 - 54." type="journal article" year="1932">Fenton & Fenton (1932: 43)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a more explicit definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4F3E26F6FC05F8D6" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[877,1020,1787,1813]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4F3E26F6FC05F8D6" box="[877,1020,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and defined
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E48C826F6FADEF8D6" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[1179,1319,1787,1813]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="radicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E48C826F6FADEF8D6" box="[1179,1319,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C. radicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA609F3E4CEE2713FF09F8FB" box="[189,240,1822,1848]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
ichnospecies by subsequent designation, albeit Clarke’s statement (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E48422713FB5CF8FB" author="Clarke" box="[1041,1189,1822,1848]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 113" refId="ref49973" refString="Clarke J. M. 1921. Organic dependence and disease, their origin and significance. New York State Museum Bulletin 221 - 222: 1 - 113." type="journal article" year="1921">Clarke 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) possibly already fulfilled this purpose. Notwithstanding,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4EF2274CFCC1F898" author="Solle" box="[673,824,1857,1883]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
established a new set of morphologically very similar ichnospecies under the new ichnogenus name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4F022769FC1EF8BD" authorityName="Solle" authorityYear="1938" box="[849,999,1892,1918]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4F022769FC1EF8BD" box="[849,999,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Olkenbachia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This synonymy was recognised by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4CBB278AFE51F861" author="Teichert" box="[232,424,1927,1954]" firstAuthor="Teichert" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="197 - 209" refId="ref53775" refString="Teichert C. 1945. Parasitic worms in Permian brachiopod and pelecypod shells in Western Australia. American Journal of Science 243: 197 - 209." type="journal article" year="1945">Teichert (1945)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who confirmed the validity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4F10278AFC2BF862" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[835,978,1927,1953]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4F10278AFC2BF862" box="[835,978,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and regarded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E48DC278AFADCF862" authorityName="Solle" authorityYear="1938" box="[1167,1317,1927,1953]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E48DC278AFADCF862" box="[1167,1317,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Olkenbachia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as its junior synonym. In contrast,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA609F3E4E7327A7FCF1F806" author="Vogel" box="[544,776,1962,1989]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="263 - 290" refId="ref54375" refString="Vogel K., Golubic S. & Brett C. E. 1987. Endolith associations and their relation to facies distribution in the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA. Lethaia 20: 263 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1987. tb 02047. x" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
Vogel
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4E3C27A6FD57F806" box="[623,686,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1987)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered both,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E4FB627A6FB8DF806" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[997,1140,1963,1989]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4FB627A6FB8DF806" box="[997,1140,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3E48E627A6FAB2F806" authorityName="Solle" authorityYear="1938" box="[1205,1355,1963,1989]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E48E627A6FAB2F806" box="[1205,1355,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Olkenbachia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E4CEE27C2FE9DF82B" box="[189,356,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">nomina dubia</emphasis>
|
||
and instead offered the new replacement ichnogenera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA609F3F485827C3FDAEFEE5" authority=", Ramodendrina and Platydendrina. Plewes (1996)" authorityName=", Ramodendrina and Platydendrina. Plewes" authorityYear="1996" class="Monothalamea" family="Astrorhizidae" genus="Nododendrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" order="Astrorhizida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E485827C3FB4DF82B" box="[1035,1204,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Nododendrina</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA609F3E489B27C3FA8FF82B" box="[1224,1398,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ramodendrina</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4CA12106FE63FEE6" box="[242,410,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Platydendrina</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4DFF2106FDAEFEE5" author="Plewes" box="[428,599,267,294]" firstAuthor="Plewes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref52551" refString="Plewes C. R. 1996. Ichnotaxonomic Studies of Jurassic Endoliths. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK." type="book" year="1996">Plewes (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reinvestigated and illustrated Clarke’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA619F3F48602101FB9FFEE5" box="[1075,1126,268,294]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material and found it, contrary to Vogel’s statement, sufficiently well-preserved to merit determination of morphological traits, thus again re-validating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4E7B215FFD4EFEAF" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[552,695,338,364]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4E7B215FFD4EFEAF" box="[552,695,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in turn considering
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4F8F215FFE9CFE4C" authority=", Ramodendrina and Platydendrina" authorityName=", Ramodendrina and Platydendrina. Plewes" authorityYear="1996" class="Monothalamea" family="Astrorhizidae" genus="Nododendrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Astrorhizida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F8F215FFB7CFEAF" box="[988,1157,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Nododendrina</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F48C6215FFABAFEAF" box="[1173,1347,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ramodendrina</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4CEE2178FE9CFE4C" box="[189,357,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Platydendrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as junior synonyms. Recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4EB92178FBA8FE4C" author="Furlong & McRoberts" box="[746,1105,373,399]" firstAuthor="Furlong" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="130 - 144" refId="ref50758" refString="Furlong C. M. & McRoberts C. A. 2014. Commensal borings from the Middle Devonian of central New York: Ecologic and taxonomic review of Clionoides, Clionolithes, and Canaliparva n. ichnogen. Journal of Paleontology 88: 130 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 12 - 141" type="journal article" year="2014">Furlong & McRoberts (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
followed this view and confirmed the junior synonym status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4EDF2195FCCCFE71" authorityName=", Ramodendrina and Platydendrina. Plewes" authorityYear="1996" box="[652,821,408,434]" class="Monothalamea" family="Astrorhizidae" genus="Nododendrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Astrorhizida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4EDF2195FCCCFE71" box="[652,821,408,434]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Nododendrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F3E2195FBE2FE71" box="[877,1051,408,434]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ramodendrina</emphasis>
|
||
. The morphologically similar ichnogenus
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4D1821B6FE1FFE16" box="[331,486,443,469]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Granarborus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4DBD21B6FD72FE16" author="Plewes" box="[494,651,443,469]" firstAuthor="Plewes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref52551" refString="Plewes C. R. 1996. Ichnotaxonomic Studies of Jurassic Endoliths. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK." type="book" year="1996">Plewes, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and its two ichnospecies are
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4FB421B1FB7BFE16" box="[999,1154,443,469]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">nomina nuda</emphasis>
|
||
, since they were not formally published. Irrespective of this repeated rejection and revalidation, a number of further authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4C96220FFE93FDDF" author="Thomas" box="[197,362,514,540]" firstAuthor="Thomas" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="165 - 169" refId="ref53802" refString="Thomas A. O. 1911. A fossil burrowing sponge from the Iowa Devonian. Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural History of the State University of Iowa 6: 165 - 169." type="journal article" year="1911">Thomas 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4D25220FFD81FDDF" author="Lees & Thomas" box="[374,632,514,540]" firstAuthor="Lees" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="599 - 616" refId="ref52099" refString="Lees J. H. & Thomas A. 1918. The Ste. Genevieve Marls near Fort Dodge and their fauna. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science 25: 599 - 616." type="journal article" year="1918">Lees & Thomas 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4ED7220FFCAFFDDE" author="Ruedemann" box="[644,854,514,541]" firstAuthor="Ruedemann" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref53083" refString="Ruedemann R. 1925. The Utica and Lorraine Formations of New York. Part 2: systematic paleontology. New York State Museum Bulletin 262: 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1925">Ruedemann 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4F30220FFBF3FDDF" author="Branson" box="[867,1034,514,540]" firstAuthor="Branson" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="650 - 660" refId="ref49268" refString="Branson C. C. 1937. Stratigraphy and fauna of the Sacajawea Formation, Mississippian, of Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology 11: 650 - 660." type="journal article" year="1937">Branson 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4845220FFB5AFDDE" author="Talent" box="[1046,1187,514,541]" firstAuthor="Talent" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 118" refId="ref53419" refString="Talent J. A. 1963. The Devonian of the Mitchell and Wentworth Rivers. Geological Survey of Victoria, Memoir 24: 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1963">Talent 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) added additional ichnospecies to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4D2B2228FDFEFDFC" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[376,519,549,575]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4D2B2228FDFEFDFC" box="[376,519,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA619F3F4CEE2252FB7CFB6F" blockId="23.[189,1399,607,1197]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
As discussed in the context of the ichnofamily definition above, there is a considerable morphological overlap of some ichnospecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4E6B228FFD3EFD5F" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[568,711,642,668]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4E6B228FFD3EFD5F" box="[568,711,642,668]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4F5B228FFB5EFD5E" authority="(Fischer, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[776,1191,642,669]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Entobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F5B228FFC08FD5F" box="[776,1009,642,668]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Entobia megastoma</emphasis>
|
||
(Fischer, 1868)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F488D228EFE27FD7C" authority="Pleydell & Jones, 1988" authorityName="Pleydell & Jones" authorityYear="1988" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Entobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dendritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F488D228EFA8EFD5F" box="[1246,1399,642,668]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">E. dendritica</emphasis>
|
||
Pleydell & Jones, 1988
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both of which are only vaguely camerate and have a dendritic branching pattern. However, both ichnospecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4EF222C5FD07FD21" authorityName="Bronn" authorityYear="1837" box="[673,766,712,738]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Entobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4EF222C5FD07FD21" box="[673,766,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Entobia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are far larger in dimension. Nevertheless, since the entobians and possibly some of the ichnospecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4F7B22E1FC4EFCC5" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[808,951,748,774]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F7B22E1FC4EFCC5" box="[808,951,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are produced by excavating sponges, they partly share the feature of a cuspate microsculpture produced by individual etching cells. This texture is smaller in dimension, thus addressed as “pseudo-chips” by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4FA8233FFB51FC8E" author="Plewes" box="[1019,1192,818,845]" firstAuthor="Plewes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref52551" refString="Plewes C. R. 1996. Ichnotaxonomic Studies of Jurassic Endoliths. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK." type="book" year="1996">Plewes (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and corresponds to the texture exhibited by the two micro-entobians
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4F4C235BFC82FCAC" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2008" box="[799,891,854,879]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Entobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F4C235BFC82FCAC" box="[799,891,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">E. nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4FE7235BFBE0FCAC" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2008" box="[948,1049,853,879]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Entobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mikra">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4FE7235BFBE0FCAC" box="[948,1049,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">E. mikra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F49402358FEF6FC50" author="Wisshak M." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="213 - 233" refId="ref54858" refString="Wisshak M. 2008. Two new dwarf Entobia ichnospecies in a diverse aphotic ichnocoenosis (Pleistocene / Rhodes, Greece). In: Wisshak M. & Tapanila L. (eds) Current Developments in Bioerosion: 213 - 233. Springer, Heidelberg. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 540 - 77598 - 0 _ 11" type="book chapter" year="2008">Wisshak (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This circumstance basically leaves two ichnotaxonomical options, the first one being to consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4CEE2391FEB5FC75" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[189,332,924,950]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4CEE2391FEB5FC75" box="[189,332,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4E062391FD4BFC75" authorityName="Bronn" authorityYear="1837" box="[597,690,924,950]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Entobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4E062391FD4BFC75" box="[597,690,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Entobia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the relatively broad emended diagnosis provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4CB723B2FD4AFC1A" author="Bromley & D'Alessandro" box="[228,691,959,985]" firstAuthor="Bromley" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="227 - 296" refId="ref49470" refString="Bromley R. G. & D'Alessandro A. 1984. The ichnogenus Entobia from the Miocene, Pliocene and Pleistocene of southern Italy. Rivista Italiana de Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 90: 227 - 296." type="journal article" year="1984">Bromley & D’Alessandro (1984: 238)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which allows the inclusion of non-camerate microborings with a diagnostic cuspate microtexture. The second one is to not consider a cuspate microsculpture as an exclusive morphological feature of entobians and to retain
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4FF32408FBD6FBDC" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[928,1071,1029,1055]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4FF32408FBD6FBDC" box="[928,1071,1029,1055]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a distinct ichnogenus. It is the latter option that is advocated herein. In consequence, one could argue that the two entobians
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4CEE2441FE90FBA6" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[189,361,1100,1125]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Entobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4CEE2441FE90FBA6" box="[189,361,1100,1125]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">E. megastoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4DF82441FDB3FBA5" authorityName="Pleydell & Jones" authorityYear="1988" box="[427,586,1100,1126]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Entobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dendritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4DF82441FDB3FBA5" box="[427,586,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">E. dendritica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might better be placed within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4F9D2441FBA4FBA5" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[974,1117,1100,1126]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F9D2441FBA4FBA5" box="[974,1117,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but this option is not supported here because it would result in a substantial and unfortunate extension of the dendrinid size range, and would only increase the morphological overlap of the two ichnogenera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="006E064EBA619F3F4CEE24C9FDA9F826" blockId="23.[189,1399,1220,2021]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Reinvestigation of the original type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4EBD24C8FB65FB1D" authority="Lees & Thomas, 1918" authorityName="Lees & Thomas" authorityYear="1918" box="[750,1180,1220,1247]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lizardensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4EBD24C8FC76FB1D" box="[750,911,1220,1247]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. lizardensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4FC524C8FB65FB1D" author="Lees & Thomas" box="[918,1180,1220,1247]" firstAuthor="Lees" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="599 - 616" refId="ref52099" refString="Lees J. H. & Thomas A. 1918. The Ste. Genevieve Marls near Fort Dodge and their fauna. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science 25: 599 - 616." type="journal article" year="1918">Lees & Thomas, 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F488524C8FE2DFAC1" authority="Fenton & Fenton, 1932" authorityName="Fenton & Fenton" authorityYear="1932" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F488524C8FA8FFB1D" box="[1238,1398,1220,1247]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4CEE24E5FE2DFAC1" author="Fenton & Fenton" box="[189,468,1256,1282]" firstAuthor="Fenton" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="42 - 54" refId="ref50523" refString="Fenton C. L. & Fenton M. A. 1932. Boring sponges in the Devonian of Iowa. American Midland Naturalist 13: 42 - 54." type="journal article" year="1932">Fenton & Fenton, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clearly identified these specimens as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4FC424E5FC09FAC1" authorityName="von Hagenow" authorityYear="1840" box="[919,1008,1256,1282]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4FC424E5FC09FAC1" box="[919,1008,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Talpina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ispp. and not as dendrinids. The same applies for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4DDB2506FD7DFAE6" authority="Price, 1916" authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1916" box="[392,644,1291,1317]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="canna">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4DDB2506FE0DFAE6" box="[392,500,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. canna</emphasis>
|
||
Price, 1916
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4EB92506FB7FFAE6" authority="(Thomas, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[746,1158,1291,1317]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hackberryensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4EB92506FC46FAE6" box="[746,959,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. hackberryensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4F832506FB84FAE6" author="Thomas" box="[976,1149,1291,1317]" firstAuthor="Thomas" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="165 - 169" refId="ref53802" refString="Thomas A. O. 1911. A fossil burrowing sponge from the Iowa Devonian. Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural History of the State University of Iowa 6: 165 - 169." type="journal article" year="1911">Thomas, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the latter originally described as a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4DB62523FDCCFA8B" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1826" box="[485,565,1326,1352]" class="Gastropoda" family="Clionidae" genus="Cliona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4DB62523FDCCFA8B" box="[485,565,1326,1352]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cliona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and later placed within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4F1C2523FC27FA8B" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[847,990,1326,1352]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F1C2523FC27FA8B" box="[847,990,1326,1352]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F48582523FAD5FA8B" author="Fenton & Fenton" box="[1035,1324,1326,1352]" firstAuthor="Fenton" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="42 - 54" refId="ref50523" refString="Fenton C. L. & Fenton M. A. 1932. Boring sponges in the Devonian of Iowa. American Midland Naturalist 13: 42 - 54." type="journal article" year="1932">Fenton & Fenton (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Their plesiotypes, however, represent a mix of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4EFB255CFCF8FAA8" authorityName="von Hagenow" authorityYear="1840" box="[680,769,1361,1387]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4EFB255CFCF8FAA8" box="[680,769,1361,1387]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Talpina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
isp. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4F3C255FFC03FAA8" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[879,1018,1361,1388]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="radicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F3C255FFC03FAA8" box="[879,1018,1361,1388]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. radicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and not a distinct ichnospecies.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4CEE2579FE94FA4C" author="Plewes" box="[189,365,1396,1423]" firstAuthor="Plewes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref52551" refString="Plewes C. R. 1996. Ichnotaxonomic Studies of Jurassic Endoliths. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK." type="book" year="1996">Plewes (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
revised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4DB22579FDC3FA4D" authorityName="von Hagenow" authorityYear="1840" box="[481,570,1396,1422]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4DB22579FDC3FA4D" box="[481,570,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Talpina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, transferred
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4E8C2578FC42FA4D" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[735,955,1396,1423]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hackberryensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4E8C2578FC42FA4D" box="[735,955,1396,1423]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. hackberryensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4FA32578FB3EFA4D" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1008,1223,1396,1422]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hackberryensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4FA32578FB3EFA4D" box="[1008,1223,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. hackberryensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and regarded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4CEE2595FEA2FA71" authorityName="Fenton & Fenton" authorityYear="1932" box="[189,347,1432,1458]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4CEE2595FEA2FA71" box="[189,347,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4DC22595FE00FA72" authorityName="Price" authorityYear="1916" box="[401,505,1432,1458]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="canna">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4DC22595FE00FA72" box="[401,505,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. canna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as junior synonyms. Likewise, she transferred
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F48452595FB4DFA71" authorityName="Lees & Thomas" authorityYear="1918" box="[1046,1204,1432,1458]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lizardensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F48452595FB4DFA71" box="[1046,1204,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. lizardensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F48852595FA96FA71" authorityName="Lees & Thomas" authorityYear="1918" box="[1238,1391,1432,1458]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lizardensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F48852595FA96FA71" box="[1238,1391,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">T. lizardensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The present reinvestigation of the type material concurs with Plewes unpublished revision and both new combinations are thus hereby formally established. The mix of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4FB925D3FBBAFA3B" authorityName="von Hagenow" authorityYear="1840" box="[1002,1091,1502,1528]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4FB925D3FBBAFA3B" box="[1002,1091,1502,1528]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Talpina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F482C25D3FAF7FA3B" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[1151,1294,1502,1528]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F482C25D3FAF7FA3B" box="[1151,1294,1502,1528]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on an incorrect interpretation that the former ichnogenus represents networks of peripheral galleries originating from the dendritic main chamber of the latter ichnogenus (see description and remarks on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4CEE2645FD35F9A1" authority="in Fenton & Fenton 1932" authorityName="in Fenton & Fenton" authorityYear="1932" box="[189,716,1607,1634]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hackberryensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4CEE2645FE6BF9A1" box="[189,402,1608,1634]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. hackberryensis</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4DE92645FD35F9A1" author="Fenton & Fenton" box="[442,716,1608,1634]" firstAuthor="Fenton" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="42 - 54" refId="ref50523" refString="Fenton C. L. & Fenton M. A. 1932. Boring sponges in the Devonian of Iowa. American Midland Naturalist 13: 42 - 54." type="journal article" year="1932">Fenton & Fenton 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Another one of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4FCF2645FB29F9A1" author="Fenton & Fenton's" box="[924,1232,1608,1634]" firstAuthor="Fenton" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="42 - 54" refId="ref50523" refString="Fenton C. L. & Fenton M. A. 1932. Boring sponges in the Devonian of Iowa. American Midland Naturalist 13: 42 - 54." type="journal article" year="1932">Fenton & Fenton’s (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
ichnospecies,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4CEE2666FEC5F946" authorityName="Fenton & Fenton" authorityYear="1932" box="[189,316,1643,1669]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fossiger">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4CEE2666FEC5F946" box="[189,316,1643,1669]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. fossiger</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is a burrow in the internal mould of bivalves reminiscent of the ichnospecies
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F48802666FE90F96B" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Arachnostega gastrochaenae</emphasis>
|
||
Bertling, 1992, and is not a bioerosion trace fossil but a senior synonym of the latter ichnospecies.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4D3426BFFE1CF908" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[359,485,1714,1740]" genus="Filuroda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reptans">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4D3426BFFE1CF908" box="[359,485,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. reptans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was transferred to the ichnogenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4FCF26BCFBFAF908" authorityName="Solle" authorityYear="1938" box="[924,1027,1713,1739]" genus="Filuroda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4FCF26BCFBFAF908" box="[924,1027,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Filuroda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F486926BCFB2DF908" author="Solle" box="[1082,1236,1713,1739]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F48B626BFFE6DF92C" authority="Ruedemann, 1925" authorityName="Ruedemann" authorityYear="1925" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="quaerens">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F48B626BFFA8FF908" box="[1253,1398,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. quaerens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4CEE26D9FE6DF92C" author="Ruedemann" box="[189,404,1748,1775]" firstAuthor="Ruedemann" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref53083" refString="Ruedemann R. 1925. The Utica and Lorraine Formations of New York. Part 2: systematic paleontology. New York State Museum Bulletin 262: 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1925">Ruedemann, 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an unidentified tubular epilith.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4F7626D8FBB8F92D" authority="Branson, 1937" authorityName="Branson" authorityYear="1937" box="[805,1089,1748,1775]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pricei">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F7626D8FC75F92D" box="[805,908,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. pricei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4FC626D8FBB8F92D" author="Branson" box="[917,1089,1748,1775]" firstAuthor="Branson" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="650 - 660" refId="ref49268" refString="Branson C. C. 1937. Stratigraphy and fauna of the Sacajawea Formation, Mississippian, of Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology 11: 650 - 660." type="journal article" year="1937">Branson, 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F482F26D8FF01F8D1" authority="Chow, 1957" authorityName="Chow" authorityYear="1957" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hunanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F482F26D8FADAF92D" box="[1148,1315,1748,1775]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. hunanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Chow, 1957
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have to be considered
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4E5026F5FD5CF8D1" box="[515,677,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">nomina dubia</emphasis>
|
||
due to their
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA619F3F4F6B26FAFC53F8D2" box="[824,938,1783,1809]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
currently being lost and the inadequate original illustrations.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4DE52716FDB3F8F5" author="Hyde" box="[438,586,1819,1846]" firstAuthor="Hyde" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref51624" refString="Hyde J. E. 1953. Mississippian Formations of Central and Southern Ohio. Bulletin 51. Ohio Division of Geological Survey, Columbus." type="book" year="1953">Hyde (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected three new
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4F712716FC48F8F6" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[802,945,1819,1845]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F712716FC48F8F6" box="[802,945,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clionolithes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ichnospecies, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F48C72716FAD6F8F6" authorityName="Hyde" authorityYear="1953" box="[1172,1327,1819,1845]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="implicatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F48C72716FAD6F8F6" box="[1172,1327,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. implicatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being a junior synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4DE22733FD50F89B" box="[433,681,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Palaeosabella
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4E332732FD50F89B" box="[608,681,1855,1880]" class="Gastropoda" family="Clionidae" genus="Vioa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pteropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="prisca">prisca</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4EEB2733FCC7F89B" authorityName="Hyde" authorityYear="1953" box="[696,830,1854,1880]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4EEB2733FCC7F89B" box="[696,830,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
representing an unidentified tubular boring with affinity to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4D6B276CFE68F8B8" authorityName="von Hagenow" authorityYear="1840" box="[312,401,1889,1915]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Canthocamptidae" genus="Talpina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4D6B276CFE68F8B8" box="[312,401,1889,1915]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Talpina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4D99276FFE1DF8BF" box="[458,484,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C.</emphasis>
|
||
?
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4E53276FFDBEF8B8" box="[512,583,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">rectus</emphasis>
|
||
being another tubular boring system with a characteristic trifurcation pattern that was later transferred to the new ichnogenus
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4F1B2789FC4AF85D" box="[840,947,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Trifurcus</emphasis>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA619F3F4F8E2789FB70F85C" author="Plewes" box="[989,1161,1924,1951]" firstAuthor="Plewes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref52551" refString="Plewes C. R. 1996. Ichnotaxonomic Studies of Jurassic Endoliths. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK." type="book" year="1996">Plewes (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F48C02789FB07F85D" box="[1171,1278,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Trifurcus</emphasis>
|
||
, however, was not formally published and is thus a
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4EC727A5FCC1F801" box="[660,824,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">nomen nudum</emphasis>
|
||
, just like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4FFB27A5FBA1F801" authorityName=", Plewes" authorityYear="1996" box="[936,1112,1960,1986]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bullahirsuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4FFB27A5FBA1F801" box="[936,1112,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. bullahirsuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which would be a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA619F3F4D0327C6FE1EF826" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Vogel et al." baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[336,487,1995,2021]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alcicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA619F3F4D0327C6FE1EF826" box="[336,487,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. alcicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
anyway.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |