330 lines
62 KiB
XML
330 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="FB3AC970B68564DEB16BA2EDFE90BB2E" ID-CLB-Dataset="22061" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.347" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f1a06d8-dbae-462e-8415-0cb51016c64a" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3832630" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589831392081" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Berning, Björn, Harmelin, Jean-Georges & Bader, Beate" docDate="2017" docId="546F87A1FFBBFF91097A90023363FC98" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-347.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 347" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Atlantisina Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio 2017, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B1994BA0-3091-4D78-A5C3-CE8BEE1A19D2" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="A856FFD9FFBFFF960B0F95243731FFCE" masterDocTitle="New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698840148996" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5AAB40F784D005B1A0B2E0FFCCB43DF5">New Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from NE Atlantic seamounts, islands, and the continental slope: evidence for deep-sea endemism</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="33179BC134876E026782BDAC6D22AF33">Berning, Björn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="67C8C6A1819B86964D5B7836D28D816F">Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum, Geowissenschaftliche Sammlungen, 4060 Leonding, Austria. & CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, 9501 - 801 Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 30 D 7 D 0 DB-F 379 - 4006 - B 727 - E 75 A 0720 BD 93 & Corresponding author: b. berning @ landesmuseum. at</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A02C9E58541B8EB3C3161E557BE5D337" type="email">b.berning@landesmuseum.at</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="949C90F631B18A72FEF6D160AF1C49F8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="770BEB55824E33D9275DA3DF08838452">Harmelin, Jean-Georges</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CF1AE210C6E95ED5B48AB3DC641C0C20">Aix-Marseille University, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, OSU Pytheas, Station Marine d’Endoume, 13007 Marseille, France. & Email: jean-georges. harmelin @ univ-amu. fr & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: D 11 AE 07 A-CFD 9 - 41 EE-B 3 F 9 - 6 E 0472150300</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FB8153C8666DDDCE6ABC1471CB03FF27">Bader, Beate</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F0E0B7EB4C100E4199875BF45DECA73A">Institut für Geowissenschaften, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24118 Kiel, Germany. & Email: bbader @ online. no & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: AA 3 BCFDC- 524 D- 4648 - 9268 - F 0 F 1 C 94 B 9 A 68</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EEF25659776AA54C836E33D2C746BDAD" type="email">bbader@online.no</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="931C1241D536F3D5817207D2EA601850">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="69110FC86F79E609C3C4DFB8C6B9B662">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ABAB0E23CD162EE8A15A5E7C0F9699AC">2017-08-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6BD554B4765322D3B742BECFF66F69B9">347</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A7BAEB48993B0E24A7CB3279C8666E52" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2017.347</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0F899627C10482F24443BB542CEA7146" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="546F87A1FFBBFF91097A90023363FC98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3850614" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164167275" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3850614" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B1994BA0-3091-4D78-A5C3-CE8BEE1A19D2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/546F87A1FFBBFF91097A90023363FC98" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<subSubSection id="94DC653CFFBBFF92097A9002348EFA8E" box="[629,959,1317,1344]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBBFF92097A9002348EFA8E" blockId="4.[359,1229,1317,1380]" box="[629,959,1317,1344]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<heading id="873181DBFFBBFF92097A9002348EFA8E" box="[629,959,1317,1344]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBBFF9209C89001347CFA8E" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[711,845,1317,1344]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBBFF9209C89001347CFA8E" bold="true" box="[711,845,1317,1344]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Atlantisina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFBBFF92085B9002348EFA8E" box="[852,959,1318,1344]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94DC653CFFBBFF920A68906D33FCFAAA" box="[359,1229,1353,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBBFF920A68906D33FCFAAA" blockId="4.[359,1229,1317,1380]" box="[359,1229,1353,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<uri id="A8573AB5FFBBFF920A68906D33FCFAAA" box="[359,1229,1353,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="A8600C62FFBBFF920982906D33FCFAAA" box="[653,1229,1353,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B1994BA0-3091-4D78-A5C3-CE8BEE1A19D2</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94DC653CFFBBFF920BB290AE3564FA1D" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBBFF920BB290AE3669FA6A" blockId="4.[189,344,1418,1444]" box="[189,344,1418,1444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<heading id="873181DBFFBBFF920BB290AE3669FA6A" bold="true" box="[189,344,1418,1444]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBBFF920BB290AE3669FA6A" bold="true" box="[189,344,1418,1444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<typeStatus id="037D8815FFBBFF920BB290AE37CBFA6A" box="[189,250,1418,1444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBBFF920BB2909D3564FA1D" blockId="4.[189,597,1465,1491]" box="[189,597,1465,1491]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBBFF920BB2909D36ACFA1D" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[189,413,1465,1491]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atlantis" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBBFF920BB2909D36ACFA1D" box="[189,413,1465,1491]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Atlantisina atlantis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFBBFF920AAB909D3564FA1D" box="[420,597,1465,1491]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94DC653CFFBBFF920BB290DE34AFF822" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBBFF920BB290DE3607F9DA" blockId="4.[189,310,1530,1556]" box="[189,310,1530,1556]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<heading id="873181DBFFBBFF920BB290DE3607F9DA" bold="true" box="[189,310,1530,1556]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBBFF920BB290DE3607F9DA" bold="true" box="[189,310,1530,1556]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBBFF920BB2930D34AFF822" blockId="4.[189,1399,1577,2028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Colony encrusting, unilaminar, forming small patches or biserial to multiserial ribbons by intrazooidal budding. Frontal shield umbonuloid, imperforate except for very few minute marginal pores; gymnocystal lateral walls generally extensive, basal pore chambers present, communication via a single large exterior pore per neighbouring zooid that is bounded by a variably distinct cryptocystal rim, a single round and slightly raised septular pore present in the distal vertical wall. Orifice with condyles, proximal margin concave; oral spines present, paired, in two distolateral series with a distal gap. Ovicell hyperstomial, ooecium kenozooidal, budded from the maternal zooid through the distal septular pore; ectooecium partially calcified, proximally usually forming a short tubular apertural peristome wedged in between the distalmost pair of spines; calcified endooecium exposed in central area, surface variably structured, occasionally deeply pitted but imperforate; not closed by operculum (presumably acleithral). No avicularia. Ancestrula tatiform, gymnocyst fairly narrow all around, cryptocyst absent, opesia extensive, slightly constricted in distal (oral) part, surrounded by numerous mural spines; first generation autozooid single, budded distally or (disto)laterally.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94DC653CFFBAFF930BB2942F335BFE9A" box="[189,1130,267,340]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBAFF930BB2942F3675FEEB" blockId="5.[189,324,267,293]" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="873181DBFFBAFF930BB2942F3675FEEB" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF930BB2942F3675FEEB" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBAFF930BB2941E335BFE9A" blockId="5.[189,1130,314,340]" box="[189,1130,314,340]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Named for the occurrence of the
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<typeStatus id="037D8815FFBAFF93094E941E3545FE9A" box="[577,628,314,340]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
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species on Atlantis Smt. Gender feminine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94DC653CFFBAFF910BB294583363FC98" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBAFF930BB29458361EFE58" blockId="5.[189,303,380,406]" box="[189,303,380,406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="873181DBFFBAFF930BB29458361EFE58" bold="true" box="[189,303,380,406]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF930BB29458361EFE58" bold="true" box="[189,303,380,406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBAFF930BB2948E34CAFD9C" blockId="5.[189,1399,426,594]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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The combined occurrence of the following features distinguishes
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<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF9308F0948E33B1FE0A" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[1023,1152,426,452]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF9308F0948E33B1FE0A" box="[1023,1152,426,452]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Atlantisina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFBAFF930F80948F3233FE0B" box="[1167,1282,427,453]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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from all romancheinid genera as well as from the other new genera presented here: (i) a partly calcified ectooecium, (ii) the exclusively kenozooidal origin of the ooecium that is produced from a distinct communication pore in the maternal zooid’s distal wall, (iii) the lack of avicularia, and (iv) the well-developed lateral walls, with a single large communication pore per neighbouring zooid.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBAFF930BB2975E33C9FBF0" blockId="5.[189,1399,634,1086]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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The variably developed band of smooth ectooecium around the basal and proximal part of the ooecium is a distinctive character of
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<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF93090797B935B8FD79" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[520,649,669,695]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF93090797B935B8FD79" box="[520,649,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Atlantisina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFBAFF93099E97BA35CFFD76" box="[657,766,670,696]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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species (
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<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFBAFF93086397B934FAFD79" box="[876,971,669,695]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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). Moreover, in the
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<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF930FBE97B93247FD79" authorityName="Jullien" authorityYear="1888" box="[1201,1398,669,695]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Romancheinidae</taxonomicName>
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and most of the remaining atlantisinids the ooecium is either produced by the zooid distal to the maternal zooid, or (much less often) by a distal kenozooid that has an encrusting base, including lateral walls with basal pore chambers from which the distal autozooids are budded. The ooecium in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF930F8A96233237FCEF" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[1157,1286,775,801]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF930F8A96233237FCEF" box="[1157,1286,775,801]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFBAFF930E03962C3246FCEC" box="[1292,1399,776,802]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is also a kenozooid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFBAFF930ABD960F3521FC8B" box="[434,528,811,837]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
), but it is budded from a single large communication pore situated in the distal vertical wall of the maternal zooid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFBAFF9309A5966A3434FCA6" box="[682,773,846,872]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The pore is slightly raised relative to the remaining lateral communication pores and remains exposed above the frontal shield of the distal zooid throughout ontogeny. Formation of the ovicell may, therefore, not be restricted to the colony margin but may occur opportunistically at any stage during ontogeny whenever breeding conditions are optimal and eggs are fertilised. Owing to the elevated position of this pore the ooecial kenozooid is not in contact with the substratum and the basal ooecium is, if at all, barely touching the frontal shield(s) of subsequently budded distal zooid(s) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFBAFF930ADD91073563FBF3" box="[466,594,1059,1085]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ooecial kenozooid also lacks communication pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBAFF930BB2914135B3FAB9" blockId="5.[189,1399,1125,1399]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Thus, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF930A3A91413687FBB1" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[309,438,1125,1151]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF930A3A91413687FBB1" box="[309,438,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFBAFF930AB09141351DFBB1" box="[447,556,1125,1151]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
ovicell differs structurally from the escharelliform ooecium present in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF930BE691AC369FFB6C" authorityName="Jullien" authorityYear="1888" box="[233,430,1160,1186]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Romancheinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF930ABA91AD351DFB6C" box="[437,556,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B8574B46FFBAFF93096491AC3454FB6C" author="Ostrovsky" box="[619,869,1160,1186]" firstAuthor="Ostrovsky" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref28599" refString="Ostrovsky A. N. 2013. Evolution of Sexual Reproduction in Marine Invertebrates. Example of Gymnolaemate Bryozoans. Springer, Dordrecht." type="book" year="2013">Ostrovsky 2013: 138</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the latter, the endooecium fuses with the frontal shield of the distal auto- or kenozooid, and the membranous ectooecium is continuous with the distal zooid’s membranous frontal wall. The ooecium structure in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF9308D891EB3369FB27" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[983,1112,1231,1257]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF9308D891EB3369FB27" box="[983,1112,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFBAFF930F6D91F433E0FB24" box="[1122,1233,1232,1258]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, as well as in the other new genera introduced here, can be regarded as evolutionarily more primitive relative to the escharelliform ooecium (A.N. Ostrovsky, pers. comm. 2016). On the other hand, the kenozooidal nature of the ooecium, and its origin from a distinct ooecial pore in the maternal zooid’s distal wall, indicates a derived state within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF930ADA9079354FFAB9" authorityName="Berning, Harmelin & Bader" authorityYear="2017" box="[469,638,1373,1399]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Atlantisinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBAFF930BB290BB3655F936" blockId="5.[189,1399,1439,1784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The zooecium is divided into a variably sculptured, cryptocystal-type frontal shield and smooth gymnocystal calcification comprising the external lateral and distal vertical walls, including the distal part of the aperture, condyles, and oral spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFBAFF9309DE90C1343EF9CE" box="[721,783,1509,1536]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). Moreover, the proximal margin of the aperture (i.e., the distal part of the umbonuloid frontal shield) is again composed of smooth gymnocyst, varying in extent from extremely narrow to extremely extensive when forming a suboral mucro (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFBAFF930FE993083218F989" box="[1254,1321,1580,1607]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). The interior-walled frontal shield and the gymnocystal lateral walls are separated by distinct sinusoidal sutures lateral to the orifice, leading in a bow to the proximal pair of spines and the condyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFBAFF930E0393573257F943" box="[1292,1382,1651,1677]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
), where they meet (but do not fuse with) the gymnocystal calcification along the proximal aperture margin (which is again separated by a suture from the cryptocystal-type frontal shield along the proximal side of the mucro).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFBAFF900BB2923B3258FE41" blockId="5.[189,1399,1823,2027]" lastBlockId="6.[189,1398,267,399]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The usually extensively developed gymnocystal lateral walls are characteristic for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF930F8B923B3234F8F7" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[1156,1285,1823,1849]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF930F8B923B3234F8F7" box="[1156,1285,1823,1849]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFBAFF930E0392043246F8F4" box="[1292,1399,1824,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
species, comprising spacious basal pore chambers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFBAFF93080292673457F893" box="[781,870,1859,1885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a single, large, external communication pore per neighbouring zooid, which is usually bounded by a distinct cryptocystal rim (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFBAFF930E0992423256F84E" box="[1286,1383,1894,1920]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF930A8B92AE3578F86A" authorityName="Jullien" authorityYear="1888" box="[388,585,1930,1956]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Romancheinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFBAFF93099E92AE34C4F86A" authority="Norman, 1894" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1894" box="[657,1013,1930,1956]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Hemicyclopora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFBAFF93099E92AE3477F86A" box="[657,838,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hemicyclopora</emphasis>
|
||
Norman, 1894
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) have extremely reduced vertical walls with numerous small septula connecting the neighbouring zooids, and gymnocystal calcification is absent (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B8574B46FFBAFF930A7692F5359EF825" author="Hayward & Ryland" box="[377,687,2001,2027]" firstAuthor="Hayward" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 416" refId="ref28065" refString="Hayward P. J. & Ryland J. S. 1999. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 2. Hippothooidea - Celleporoidea. Synopses of the British Fauna 14: 1 - 416." type="journal article" year="1999">Hayward & Ryland 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The morphology and formation of the frontal shield and orifice is, nevertheless, vaguely similar between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF90081D942F34A2FEEB" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[786,915,267,293]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF90081D942F34A2FEEB" box="[786,915,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and several romancheinid taxa such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF900BB2940B3643FE87" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1894" box="[189,370,303,329]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Hemicyclopora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900BB2940B3643FE87" box="[189,370,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hemicyclopora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF900A8E940B35BAFE87" authority="Gray, 1848" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1848" box="[385,651,303,329]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900A8E940B36CEFE87" box="[385,511,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Escharella</emphasis>
|
||
Gray, 1848
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF9009C5940B3352FE86" authority="Milne Edwards, 1836" authorityName="Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[714,1123,302,329]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF9009C5940B346BFE87" box="[714,858,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Escharoides</emphasis>
|
||
Milne Edwards, 1836
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, in the latter genus communication between laterally neighbouring zooids also takes place via a single pore, whereas the distal wall comprises two or three basal pore chambers from which the distal autozooid is budded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFB9FF910BB29492327DFEA3" blockId="6.[189,1399,438,500]" lastBlockId="7.[189,1399,267,365]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The respective number of oral spines in all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF9009B894923409FE1E" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[695,824,438,464]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF9009B894923409FE1E" box="[695,824,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB9FF90083094933498FE1F" box="[831,937,439,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
species is, quite remarkably, extremely constant within and among colonies.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF90096394FE3475FE3D" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[620,836,474,500]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="meteor" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF90096394FE3475FE3D" box="[620,836,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Atlantisina meteor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB9FF90084594FE34C6FE3A" box="[842,1015,474,500]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(see below) was the only species in which a deviation (by one spine) from the specific number of spines occurred among auto- or ovicelled zooids. Even in early astogenetic zooids, which are usually equipped with a higher number of spines than mature zooids in most cheilostomatid species, the specific number of spines is already present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="88B9663FFFB9FF900BB490E53576F822" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" targetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFB9FF900BB490E53576F822" blockId="6.[187,1397,1473,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900BB490E53636FA15" bold="true" box="[187,263,1473,1499]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphological characteristics of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF90098390E5343CFA15" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[652,781,1473,1499]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF90098390E5343CFA15" box="[652,781,1473,1499]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB9FF90081C90E6344DFA12" box="[787,892,1474,1500]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF90088E90E534A7FA15" bold="true" box="[897,918,1473,1499]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A</emphasis>
|
||
. The kenozooidal ooecium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF900FFB90E53612FA30" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="lionensis" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900FFB90E53612FA30" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Atlantisina lionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB9FF900A2190C136D8FA31" box="[302,489,1509,1535]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean.
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF9008E9930F34CBF98B" bold="true" box="[998,1018,1579,1605]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view of an autozooid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF900BB4936A36A2F9A6" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[187,403,1614,1640]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="meteor" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900BB4936A36A2F9A6" box="[187,403,1614,1640]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Atlantisina meteor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB9FF900A95936A3576F9A6" box="[410,583,1614,1640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal.
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900961939335B2F91F" bold="true" box="[622,643,1719,1745]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF900F4F93933211F91F" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[1088,1312,1719,1745]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atlantis" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900F4F93933211F91F" box="[1088,1312,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Atlantisina atlantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB9FF900E28939C3624F93B" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow).
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900BB4926037E1F890" bold="true" box="[187,208,1860,1886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF900A8692433559F84F" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[393,616,1895,1921]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atlantis" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900A8692433559F84F" box="[393,616,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Atlantisina atlantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB9FF900961924C342AF84C" box="[622,795,1896,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(paratype OLL 2016/123).
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900F56924C335CF84C" bold="true" box="[1113,1133,1896,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB9FF900AAE92AF35BFF86A" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[417,654,1931,1957]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="tricornis" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB9FF900AAE92AF35BFF86A" box="[417,654,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Atlantisina tricornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB9FF90099B92AF3473F86B" box="[660,834,1931,1957]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFB8FF910BB294B13234FD4B" blockId="7.[189,1399,405,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The simple, tatiform ancestrula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="44FD2A32FFB8FF91094C94B135ADFE61" box="[579,668,405,431]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[187,230,1473,1499]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1397,527,1442]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphological characteristics of Atlantisina gen. nov. A. The kenozooidal ooecium of Atlantisina lionensis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-67), showing the broad band of ectooecium and the centrally exposed endooecium; note that the suboral crest is formed by smooth gymnocyst whereas the remaining frontal shield is cryptocystidean. B. Distal view of an autozooid of Atlantisina meteor gen. et sp. nov. showing two distolateral communication pores and the slightly raised central pore from which the ooecium is budded (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-50); note the broad band of cryptocyst bounding the septular pores, and that the remaining parts of the distolateral vertical walls and orifice are entirely gymnocystal. C. Oral region of an ovicellate zooid of Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-49), showing the contact between the cryptocystidean frontal shield and the gymnocystal distal part of the zooecium; note that the frontal shield is superpositioned on the condyles (white arrow) and meets the distolateral vertical walls in a sinusoidal suture (black arrow). D. Initial stages of zooid formation with the lateral walls being partly broken, showing the large basal pore chambers in Atlantisina atlantis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype OLL 2016/123). E. Slightly oblique view of the ancestrula of Atlantisina tricornis gen. et sp. nov. (paratype MNHN-IB-2014-64); note the simple tatiform morphology, the absence of a cryptocyst, and the slightly restricted oral region (top). Scale bars: A–B, D = 100 µm; C, E = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3832632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3832632/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
) buds a single distal to lateral autozooid, followed by one to three distolateral zooids that are either situated around the ancestrula or form distal to the first-generation autozooid, apparently depending on microenvironmental clues. While there is also a single firstgeneration autozooid in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB8FF910AD597243569FDD4" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1848" box="[474,600,512,538]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB8FF910AD597243569FDD4" box="[474,600,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Escharella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB8FF9109699724342AFDD4" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1894" box="[614,795,512,538]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Hemicyclopora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB8FF9109699724342AFDD4" box="[614,795,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Hemicyclopora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB8FF91085B972433F9FDD4" authority="Vigneaux, 1949" authorityName="Vigneaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[852,1224,512,538]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Neolagenipora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB8FF91085B97243335FDD4" box="[852,1028,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Neolagenipora</emphasis>
|
||
Vigneaux, 1949
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the ancestrula in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB8FF910BD09707365EFDF3" authorityName="Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[223,367,547,573]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Romancheinidae" genus="Escharoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB8FF910BD09707365EFDF3" box="[223,367,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Escharoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species usually produces two distolateral zooids (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B8574B46FFB8FF9108F397073203FDF3" author="Hayward & Ryland" box="[1020,1330,547,573]" firstAuthor="Hayward" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 416" refId="ref28065" refString="Hayward P. J. & Ryland J. S. 1999. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 2. Hippothooidea - Celleporoidea. Synopses of the British Fauna 14: 1 - 416." type="journal article" year="1999">Hayward & Ryland 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The ancestrula in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB8FF910A53976336ECFDAF" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[348,477,583,609]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB8FF910A53976336ECFDAF" box="[348,477,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB8FF910AEA976C3560FDAC" box="[485,593,584,610]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
also differs from the romancheinid taxa in having a distinctly more extensive opesia, with a constriction in the distal oral part, and in the absence of a crpytocyst.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC7936B7FFB8FF910BB297893363FC98" blockId="7.[189,1399,685,854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB8FF910A44978936FDFD09" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[331,460,685,711]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB8FF910A44978936FDFD09" box="[331,460,685,711]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB8FF910AD59789357AFD09" box="[474,587,685,711]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are presently restricted to bathyal depths along the NE Atlantic continental shelf, islands and seamounts. The northernmost distribution is along the northern Iberian margin (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9F25070FFB8FF910A2F97D03658FCC0" box="[288,361,756,782]" degrees="44" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="55555" value="44.0">44° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC64D34FFB8FF910ACE97D03573FCC0" authority="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio, 2017" authorityName="Berning & Harmelin & Bader & Cibio" authorityYear="2017" box="[449,578,756,782]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Atlantisinidae" genus="Atlantisina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEB2EAA5FFB8FF910ACE97D03573FCC0" box="[449,578,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Atlantisina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F58157DEFFB8FF91094697D03585FCC0" box="[585,692,756,782]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was recorded as far west as Atlantis Smt (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9F25070FFB8FF910FA897D033C4FCC0" box="[1191,1269,756,782]" degrees="30" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="55555" value="-30.0">30° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) and south to the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1E02F855FFB8FF910A06963C3688FCFC" box="[265,441,792,818]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B9F25070FFB8FF910AC4963C3526FCFC" box="[459,535,792,818]" degrees="28" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="55555" value="28.0">28° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). No Recent species have been reported from the Mediterranean Sea but there is an early Pleistocene record from Sicily (A. Rosso, pers. comm. 2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |