267 lines
48 KiB
XML
267 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document id="343652CD2F51DE68013D8784AC0C6811" ID-CLB-Dataset="8785" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f08bfa4e-271a-4459-88bc-e846bcf4a0d2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4401711" ID-ZooBank="B87B0063-9D1B-4FD7-A2B4-EB3622FCE68A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609337928310" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Peña Cantero, Álvaro L." docDate="2020" docId="513D0740FFEDD43954FCF8DFFF5843F1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4822.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4822 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zygophylax dispersa Peña Cantero 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="37FF8BBE-19DC-4907-AA4A-D88087ADE03A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="390" masterDocId="AD047F38FFEDD438546BFFE7FFA34465" masterDocTitle="On six new species of Zygophylax Quelch, 1885 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa Zygophylacidae) from the New Calendonian region" masterLastPageNumber="404" masterPageNumber="389" pageNumber="389" updateTime="1698849726705" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="39B77D9B750BC4B6A1E05C5D81F507BB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="CA0E38BECA33280815CFC5D8DFC38E8D">
|
||
<mods:title id="A85498C0CF6E57AE41389B7600C08455">On six new species of Zygophylax Quelch, 1885 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa Zygophylacidae) from the New Calendonian region</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="60D592F74DB6B475DED8647FB886242D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C068E3FBBE96E6C70803639A574EE36A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5F6B5909D6300F147EFB39BE9DA13279">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="AC9613DA5D6628D5628A6E385949A30F">Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="63440EAA5BCFD0C525067BA3CAD7DB78">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="7FEF5C802A3E5F12FC2A5BE0E01542D9" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="94EB5FE287FFCEAD826AEF91A5491EB2">
|
||
<mods:title id="D8B2788F362C3AEFEDAF079C0C19EE01">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="663C76EBED9FD54812A949A94C6B2ABC">
|
||
<mods:date id="EF3E7A32BD7114A66715A2B2B0A33E95">2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="8F4DBCA9011188BF58B37D17940C6442" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="8637374F26542B8D99C579C1B75862A4">2020-08-06</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="5F13F4D56D17437D7744FE4BD4768B9C" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="70E161DCA34DE938E8468447883D2C6F">4822</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="B4B3E6BBA18D0C0EC92438083D9CA9E4" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="A4B29D53F5886052A0601F8AC354D6A6">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="368B03A8B8EFFB405E69B4659A67AE89" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="0B0B22510CB4803EC4B095E4D8CB85A2">389</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="9BEFBBF511B4AB8583AABAAAB107E677">404</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="8839C158812AB685AABA53794CBFCEA2">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1E9873BF38828A9EB8206313AD67B5AE" type="CLB-Dataset">8785</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="EC9955AE256AF6F87260E943B395CE0F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4822.3.4</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="68CA483600332688B7C2617842AD3C71" type="GBIF-Dataset">f08bfa4e-271a-4459-88bc-e846bcf4a0d2</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C4F8F9682BE863A59BDC3F95B3E595C9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="952B169BE4AACEA97E5107D870D0D0E7" type="Zenodo-Dep">4401711</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3F238B979E300D85412498F29AFAFC69" type="ZooBank">B87B0063-9D1B-4FD7-A2B4-EB3622FCE68A</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="513D0740FFEDD43954FCF8DFFF5843F1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450754" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177009824" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450754" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:37FF8BBE-19DC-4907-AA4A-D88087ADE03A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/513D0740FFEDD43954FCF8DFFF5843F1" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<subSubSection id="918EE5DDFFEDD43854FCF8DFFE564336" box="[151,501,1848,1875]" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFEDD43854FCF8DFFE564336" blockId="0.[151,950,1848,1946]" box="[151,501,1848,1875]" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<heading id="8263013AFFEDD43854FCF8DFFE564336" bold="true" box="[151,501,1848,1875]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFEDD43854FCF8DFFE564336" bold="true" box="[151,501,1848,1875]" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFEDD43854FCF8DFFE2C4336" authority="Peña Cantero, 2020" authorityName="Peña Cantero" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,399,1848,1875]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dispersa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFEDD43854FCF8DFFE2C4336" bold="true" box="[151,399,1848,1875]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Zygophylax dispersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0D3D73FFFEDD43855FCF8DEFE564336" box="[407,501,1849,1875]" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="918EE5DDFFEDD43854FCF8BAFC1543FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFEDD43854FCF8BAFE324312" blockId="0.[151,950,1848,1946]" box="[151,401,1885,1911]" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFEDD43854F4F8BAFF424312" box="[159,225,1885,1911]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[247,1339,184,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@2.[247,1339,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, Colony shape, branching and coppiniae (arrows); B, detail of coppinia. Zygophylax encarnae sp. nov.: C, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax laertesi sp. nov.: D, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax medeae sp. nov.: E, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax niobae sp. nov.: F, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax pseudoabietinella sp. nov.: G, colony shape, branching and coppinia (circle); H, detail of coppinia. (All material from holotypes). Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401713/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B, 2, 3A–B)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFEDD43854FCF865FC1543FF" blockId="0.[151,950,1848,1946]" box="[151,950,1922,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<uri id="AD05BA54FFEDD43854FCF865FC1543FF" box="[151,950,1922,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||
<uuid id="AD328C83FFEDD43855F2F865FC1543FF" box="[409,950,1922,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">37FF8BBE-19DC-4907-AA4A-D88087ADE03A</uuid>
|
||
</uri>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="918EE5DDFFEDD43954FCF82FFE0444B1" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFEDD43954FCF82FFE0444B1" blockId="0.[151,1437,1992,2019]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFEDD43854FCF82FFEDF4387" bold="true" box="[151,380,1992,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
BIOGEOCAL Stn CP 297, 20°38.64’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BCA0D091FFEDD4385746F82FFC0A4387" box="[813,937,1992,2018]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="38.67" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" precision="9" value="-20.6445">20°38.67’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 167°10.77’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BCA0D091FFEDD4385057F82FFB6B4387" box="[1084,1224,1992,2018]" degrees="167" direction="east" minutes="11.07" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" precision="9" value="167.1845">167°11.07’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(off Lifou,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B5078B4FFEDD438512CF82EFA3E4386" box="[1351,1437,1993,2019]" country="New Caledonia" name="Province des Iles" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Loyalty</collectingRegion>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="69FCBC0BFFECD43954FCFF71FE0744B1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019647302" collectingDate="1987-04-28" elevation="1235" location="Islands" municipality="New Caledonian region" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<location id="DC4BE08DFFECD43954FCFF71FF4444D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:513D0740FFEDD43954FCF8DFFF5843F1:DC4BE08DFFECD43954FCFF71FF4444D5" box="[151,231,150,176]" municipality="New Caledonian region" name="Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="394F2C2CFFECD4395498FF70FE5E44D4" box="[243,509,150,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">New Caledonian region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="1E6C1BB3FFECD439567BFF71FD0F44D4" box="[528,684,150,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2349999999999999" metricValueMax="1.24" metricValueMin="1.23" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" unit="m" value="1235.0" valueMax="1240.0" valueMin="1230.0">
|
||
<elevation id="52B95165FFECD439567BFF71FD0F44D4" box="[528,684,150,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2349999999999999" metricValueMax="1.24" metricValueMin="1.23" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" unit="m" value="1235.0" valueMax="1240.0" valueMin="1230.0">1230–1240 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="AD2A9096FFECD43956DCFF71FC9444D5" box="[695,823,150,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" value="1987-04-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="BD6E697EFFECD43956DCFF71FC9444D5" box="[695,823,150,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" value="1987-04-28">28.04.1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
: one stem
|
||
<quantity id="1E6C1BB3FFECD43957C5FF71FC5E44D4" box="[942,1021,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, with two coppiniae (
|
||
<typeStatus id="062F08F4FFECD4395140FF71FA3B44D5" box="[1323,1432,150,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, MNHN-IK-2019-2042)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="918EE5DDFFECD43954ACFF39FB594169" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACFF39FD764591" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43954ACFF39FEFA449D" bold="true" box="[199,345,222,248]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Erect, stiff stem
|
||
<quantity id="1E6C1BB3FFECD4395673FF39FDCB449C" box="[536,616,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
|
||
high (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43956C4FF39FCAB449D" box="[687,776,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[247,1339,184,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@2.[247,1339,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, Colony shape, branching and coppiniae (arrows); B, detail of coppinia. Zygophylax encarnae sp. nov.: C, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax laertesi sp. nov.: D, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax medeae sp. nov.: E, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax niobae sp. nov.: F, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax pseudoabietinella sp. nov.: G, colony shape, branching and coppinia (circle); H, detail of coppinia. (All material from holotypes). Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401713/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
), almost completely polysiphonic, slightly geniculate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD4395104FF39FF1E4579" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
), yellowish-coloured. Branching alternate in one plane, though hydrocladia grouped in sub-opposite pairs; two hydrothecae between successive pairs. Branches or lower-order stems formed by much-developed hydrocladia that become strongly polysiphonic and that give rise in turn to new hydrocladia, which may also undergo further development and become lower-order branches (up to third-order branches present). Angle between stem or branches and hydrocladia 60–70° (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43955D8FE75FDAF45C9" box="[435,524,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[247,1339,184,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@2.[247,1339,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, Colony shape, branching and coppiniae (arrows); B, detail of coppinia. Zygophylax encarnae sp. nov.: C, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax laertesi sp. nov.: D, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax medeae sp. nov.: E, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax niobae sp. nov.: F, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax pseudoabietinella sp. nov.: G, colony shape, branching and coppinia (circle); H, detail of coppinia. (All material from holotypes). Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401713/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Even though branching is typically alternate, some of the strongly polysiphonic primary branches frontally directed, forming two planes with a very open angle. Polysiphony even present in the hydrocladia, which are monosiphonic only distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACFE19FE5F46E1" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Hydrocladia straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43955A9FE19FDBF467D" box="[450,540,510,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
), resting on apophyses, with distinct perisarc constriction between them (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD4395104FE19FF1E4659" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Corresponding cauline hydrotheca on apophysis resting on hydrocladial apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43950F3FDC5FB574659" box="[1176,1268,546,572]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hydrocladial apophyses with two nematothecae, one on each side, placed beyond hydrothecal apophysis, which is deprived of nematothecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD439552BFD8DFE1D46E1" box="[320,446,618,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Figs 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43955A1FD8DFE4C46E1" box="[458,495,618,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,187,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[211,1375,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; B, hydrocladial hydrotheca. Zygophylax encarnae sp. nov.: C, hydrocladial apophysis, axillary hydrotheca and nematotheca; D, hydrocladial fragment showing shape and arrangement of hydrothecae; E, gonotheca. Zygophylax laertesi sp. nov.: F, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin, axillary hydrothecae and nematothecae; G, hydrocladial fragment showing shape and arrangement of hydrothecae; H, gonotheca. (All drawings from holotypes). Scale bar: 250 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401717/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACFD69FCD546A9" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Hydrothecae on short apophyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD4395629FD69FD3D46CD" box="[578,670,654,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
, D–E, 3B), with distinct separation between hydrothecal pedicel and apophysis, marked by a node and a distinct reduction in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACFD31FEDC4788" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Hydrothecae alternately arranged in one plane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD439568AFD31FC994695" box="[737,826,726,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Relatively large distance between hydrothecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD4395101FD31FF1F4771" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[247,1339,184,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@2.[247,1339,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, Colony shape, branching and coppiniae (arrows); B, detail of coppinia. Zygophylax encarnae sp. nov.: C, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax laertesi sp. nov.: D, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax medeae sp. nov.: E, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax niobae sp. nov.: F, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax pseudoabietinella sp. nov.: G, colony shape, branching and coppinia (circle); H, detail of coppinia. (All material from holotypes). Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401713/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43954A0FD1DFF7A4771" box="[203,217,762,788]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B). Hydrotheca cylindrical, diameter roughly constant along distal two-thirds, smoothly decreasing towards pedicel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD439552DFCF9FE2D475D" box="[326,398,798,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–E, 3A–B). Abcauline wall roughly straight; adcauline one slightly convex at basal half, but straight at distal half (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43955DEFCA5FE584739" box="[437,507,834,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E, 3B). Aperture circular. Rim even, slightly everted, with up to three, relatively long, renovations. Pedicel short, separated from hydrotheca by a distinct annular diaphragm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43950D5FC81FAA647E5" box="[1214,1285,870,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E, 3A–B). Pedicel abcauline side straight or slightly concave, adcauline one slightly convex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD439502BFC6DFB1E47C0" box="[1088,1213,906,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Figs 2B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43950A0FC6DFB4D47C1" box="[1227,1262,906,932]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[215,1369,187,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-30@4.[211,1375,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; B, hydrocladial hydrotheca. Zygophylax encarnae sp. nov.: C, hydrocladial apophysis, axillary hydrotheca and nematotheca; D, hydrocladial fragment showing shape and arrangement of hydrothecae; E, gonotheca. Zygophylax laertesi sp. nov.: F, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin, axillary hydrothecae and nematothecae; G, hydrocladial fragment showing shape and arrangement of hydrothecae; H, gonotheca. (All drawings from holotypes). Scale bar: 250 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401717/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sometimes, a short ring (likely related to regeneration) between apophysis and hydrothecal pedicel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD4395008FC49FB1E47AD" box="[1123,1213,942,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
), giving the pedicel a ringed appearance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACFC10FA234050" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Two nematothecae on apophyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD4395623FC11FD014075" box="[584,674,1014,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
), one on each side, resting on short pedicel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43950F8FC11FB4B4075" box="[1171,1256,1014,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Nematothecae low, roughly cylindrical, with a large distal circular aperture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD439572CFBFDFC3E4051" box="[839,925,1050,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
); sometimes with one distal extra segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACFBD9FCFF40C5" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Coppinia fusiform (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43955C2FBD9FE49403D" box="[425,490,1086,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[247,1339,184,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@2.[247,1339,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, Colony shape, branching and coppiniae (arrows); B, detail of coppinia. Zygophylax encarnae sp. nov.: C, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax laertesi sp. nov.: D, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax medeae sp. nov.: E, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax niobae sp. nov.: F, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax pseudoabietinella sp. nov.: G, colony shape, branching and coppinia (circle); H, detail of coppinia. (All material from holotypes). Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401713/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B), composed of closely packed gonothecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD4395079FBD9FBC9403D" box="[1042,1130,1086,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[247,1339,184,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@2.[247,1339,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, Colony shape, branching and coppiniae (arrows); B, detail of coppinia. Zygophylax encarnae sp. nov.: C, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax laertesi sp. nov.: D, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax medeae sp. nov.: E, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax niobae sp. nov.: F, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax pseudoabietinella sp. nov.: G, colony shape, branching and coppinia (circle); H, detail of coppinia. (All material from holotypes). Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401713/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD4395013FBD9FB25403D" box="[1144,1158,1086,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">2</figureCitation>
|
||
G–H). Gonotheca bottleshaped, widening from base to top of contiguous portion and proceeding with a slenderer hood-shaped distal part with lateral aperture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD4395520FB61FE0740C5" box="[331,420,1158,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[170,1278,167,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[148,1312,148,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, stem fragment showing hydrocladial origin and axillary hydrothecae; B, hydrocladial fragment showing hydrothecal arrangement; C, hydrocladial apophysis and axillary hydrotheca; D–E, hydrocladial hydrothecae; F, nematotheca; G, cross-section view of coppinia; H, gonothecae. (All material from the holotype). Scale bar: 200 µm (A–B, G), 100 µm (C–E, H), 50 µm (F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Without defensive tubes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41AFAAD3FFECD43956BFFB61FCB040C5" box="[724,787,1158,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[247,1339,184,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-30@2.[247,1339,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Zygophylax dispersa sp. nov.: A, Colony shape, branching and coppiniae (arrows); B, detail of coppinia. Zygophylax encarnae sp. nov.: C, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax laertesi sp. nov.: D, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax medeae sp. nov.: E, colony shape, branching and coppinia (arrow). Zygophylax niobae sp. nov.: F, colony shape and branching. Zygophylax pseudoabietinella sp. nov.: G, colony shape, branching and coppinia (circle); H, detail of coppinia. (All material from holotypes). Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4401713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4401713/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACFB4CFB594169" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Measurements (in µm).
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43955B8FB4DFDC040A1" box="[467,611,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Hydrothecae</emphasis>
|
||
: height 250–350, diameter at aperture 85–100, diameter at diaphragm 60– 70, length of pedicel 50–70.
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43955B7FB29FDDF408D" box="[476,636,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Nematothecae</emphasis>
|
||
: height 45–50, diameter at aperture 25–35, maximum diameter 30–40.
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43954FCFB15FEBD4169" box="[151,286,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Gonothecae</emphasis>
|
||
: height 550–560 (distal part 150–180), maximum diameter 200–300, aperture 70 x 100.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="918EE5DDFFECD43954ACFAF1FDE24329" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACFAF1FBAE4249" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43954ACFAF1FE974155" bold="true" box="[199,308,1302,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD4395529FAF1FD894155" authority="Peña Cantero, 2020" authorityName="Peña Cantero" authorityYear="2020" box="[322,554,1302,1328]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dispersa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD4395529FAF1FD894155" box="[322,554,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Zygophylax dispersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD439565BFAF1FD2A4155" bold="true" box="[560,649,1302,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0D3D73FFFECD439565BFAF1FD2A4155" box="[560,649,1302,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is morphologically close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD43957AEFAF0FB5D4155" authority="Millard, 1977" authorityName="Millard" authorityYear="1977" box="[965,1278,1302,1328]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crozetensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43957AEFAF0FBFD4155" box="[965,1118,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. crozetensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD05CBA7FFECD439500EFAF1FB5D4155" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[1125,1278,1302,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref7053" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1977) Hydroids from the Kerguelen and Crozet shelves, collected by the cruise MD. 03 of the Marion-Dufresne. Annals of the South African Museum, 73, 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1977">
|
||
Millard,
|
||
<quantity id="1E6C1BB3FFECD43950ADFAF1FB5D4155" box="[1222,1278,1302,1328]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.02158" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" unit="in" value="1977.0">1977</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the general shape of hydrothecae and nematothecae, but Millard’s species has distinctly larger hydrothecae (e.g.
|
||
<quantity id="1E6C1BB3FFECD4395167FADDFA3F4130" box="[1292,1436,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="180.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="160.0">160–200 µm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at hydrothecal aperture) and nematothecae (e.g. height 90–190, diameter at aperture 50–80). They also differ in the structure of the coppinia (that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD43956F0FA64FC9741F9" authorityName="Millard" authorityYear="1977" box="[667,820,1411,1436]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crozetensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43956F0FA64FC9741F9" box="[667,820,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. crozetensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having irregularly branching structures arising among the gonothecae and provided with nematothecae and rarely hydrothecae) and the shape of the gonothecae (those in Millard’s species have a pointed, sometimes curved, horn). In addition, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD4395794FA2CFB3B4181" authorityName="Millard" authorityYear="1977" box="[1023,1176,1483,1508]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crozetensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD4395794FA2CFB3B4181" box="[1023,1176,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. crozetensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, hydrothecae are more packed together and hydrocladia are divided into internodes, each with one or two hydrothecae. Finally, the hydrothecal diaphragm is oblique in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD439567CF9F4FD0C4249" authorityName="Millard" authorityYear="1977" box="[535,687,1555,1580]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crozetensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD439567CF9F4FD0C4249" box="[535,687,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. crozetensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but transverse in our material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACF9D0FDE24329" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
By the shape of the hydrotheca,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD4395652F9D0FD144235" authority="Peña Cantero, 2020" authorityName="Peña Cantero" authorityYear="2020" box="[569,695,1590,1616]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dispersa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD4395652F9D0FD144235" box="[569,695,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. dispersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43956ABF9D1FCB94235" bold="true" box="[704,794,1590,1616]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0D3D73FFFECD43956ABF9D1FCB94235" box="[704,794,1590,1616]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is also similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD4395783F9D0FAE24235" authority="Hirohito, 1983" authorityName="Hirohito" authorityYear="1983" box="[1000,1345,1590,1616]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sagamiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD4395783F9D0FB334235" box="[1000,1168,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. sagamiensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD05CBA7FFECD43950F3F9D1FAE24235" author="Hirohito & Emperor of Japan" box="[1176,1345,1590,1616]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref6891" refString="Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1983) Hydroids from Izu Oshima and Niijima. Publications Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo, 1983 (6), 1 - 83." type="journal article" year="1983">Hirohito, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the two species differ is several features. The colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD43956BCF9BCFCF04211" authority="Peña Cantero, 2020" authorityName="Peña Cantero" authorityYear="2020" box="[727,851,1626,1652]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dispersa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43956BCF9BCFCF04211" box="[727,851,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. dispersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD4395732F9BDFC124211" bold="true" box="[857,945,1626,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0D3D73FFFECD4395732F9BDFC124211" box="[857,945,1626,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is stiff and almost completely polysiphonic, while that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD4395541F998FE6C42FD" authorityName="Hirohito" authorityYear="1983" box="[298,463,1663,1688]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sagamiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD4395541F998FE6C42FD" box="[298,463,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. sagamiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has hydrocladia polysiphonic only on their basal part (occasionally further on their distal part). Whereas Hirohito’s species is characterised by usually having one to five internodes between hydrothecal pedicel and apophysis, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD43955DFF920FD8C4285" authority="Peña Cantero, 2020" authorityName="Peña Cantero" authorityYear="2020" box="[436,559,1734,1760]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dispersa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43955DFF920FD8C4285" box="[436,559,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. dispersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD439565EF921FD2E4285" bold="true" box="[565,653,1734,1760]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0D3D73FFFECD439565EF921FD2E4285" box="[565,653,1734,1760]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
only a short ring between apophysis and pedicel has been occasionally observed (probably due to regeneration). In addition, the hydrotheca in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD43957DAF90CFBF44361" authorityName="Hirohito" authorityYear="1983" box="[945,1111,1771,1796]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sagamiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43957DAF90CFBF44361" box="[945,1111,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Z. sagamiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is much larger (e.g.
|
||
<quantity id="1E6C1BB3FFECD4395151F90DFF1E434C" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="475.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="450.0">450–500 µm</quantity>
|
||
in length). Finally, the shape of the gonotheca is completely different, because the gonothecae have a long sharp distal projection in Hirohito’s species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="918EE5DDFFECD43954ACF8B1FF5843F1" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D92BB656FFECD43954ACF8B1FF5843F1" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD43954ACF8B1FEED4315" bold="true" box="[199,334,1878,1904]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E94CDD5FFECD439564EF8B1FD274315" authorityName="Peña Cantero" authorityYear="2020" box="[549,644,1878,1904]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dispersa">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE06A44FFECD439564EF8B1FD274315" box="[549,644,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">dispersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the fact that the hydrothecae are separated by a relatively large distance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |