257 lines
20 KiB
XML
257 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7345e6b-fa55-474e-9b6e-d6b185121541" ID-PMC="PMC7718216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-168-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" ID-PubMed="33335445" ModsDocID="1314-2003-168-1" checkinTime="1606572050664" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie & Conner, Matthew" docDate="2020" docId="38303BFBB6BC1813AC30E693AAC562A9" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 168: 1-333" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 168" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" docTitle="Lycianthes breedlovei E. Dean, Phytotaxa 409: 265. 2019" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" masterDocTitle="The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668140149145" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dean, Ellen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-0027</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">eadean@ucdavis.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Poore, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramon Padilla Sanchez 2100, 45110 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-8108</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nee, Michael H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>26776 US Hwy 14, Richland Center, WI 53581, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kang, Hannah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Starbuck, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rodrigues, Annamarie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Conner, Matthew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>168</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>333</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-168-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596550" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:38303BFBB6BC1813AC30E693AAC562A9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/38303BFBB6BC1813AC30E693AAC562A9" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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7
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<taxonomicName authority="E. Dean, Phytotaxa 409: 265. 2019" authorityName="E. Dean, Phytotaxa 409: 265." authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes breedlovei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="breedlovei">Lycianthes breedlovei E.Dean, Phytotaxa 409: 265. 2019</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Image of isotype of L. breedlovei, Breedlove 34793 (MO). Specimen used with permission from the Missouri Botanical Garden (http: // www. tropicos. org)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480030" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Mexico. Chiapas: Mpio. La Independencia, third ridge along logging road from Las Margaritas to Campo Alegre, [
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16.4756" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="16.4756">16.4756</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="91.8234" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-91.8234">-91.8234</geoCoordinate>
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], 2300 m, 6 May 1973,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. Breedlove 34793</emphasis>
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(holotype: CAS [480622]; isotypes: LL [00226970], MO [acc. # 2602916]).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480030" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 18" startId="F18">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 18.</emphasis>
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Image of isotype of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. breedlovei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="breedlovei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. breedlovei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Breedlove 34793</emphasis>
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(MO). Specimen used with permission from the Missouri Botanical Garden (http://www.tropicos.org).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Vine to scandent shrub, 2-3.5 (5) m tall (perhaps taller, if a vine). Indument of orange to pale yellow (yellow-grey), uniseriate, multicellular, stalked, multangulate-stellate, eglandular, spreading trichomes 0.25-1.5 (2) mm long, ca. 0.75 in diameter, the rays 3-5 per whorl, straight, often rebranched, sometimes several times. Stems pale green (drying tan) when young, moderately to densely pubescent, not compressed when dried in a plant press, becoming brown and woody with age; upper sympodial branching points a mixture of monochasial and dichasial, the branching divaricate, the branches diverging at wide angles. Leaves simple, the leaves of the upper sympodia usually unpaired, if paired, then unequal in size, the larger ones with blades 3.5-10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-4.5 cm, the smaller ones (usually not developing) with blades 1-3.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.5-2 cm, the leaf pairs similar in shape, the blades ovate, elliptic, or obovate, chartaceous, sparsely to densely pubescent (denser on the abaxial side, especially along the veins), the base cuneate to rounded, sometimes oblique, the margin entire, usually irregularly undulate, the apex acute to acuminate, the petiole 0.3-1 cm long, the larger leaf blades with 4-6 primary veins on each side of the midvein. Flowers solitary or in groups of 2-5, axillary, oriented horizontally; peduncles absent; pedicels 9-16 mm long and erect in flower, 10-25 mm long and erect in fruit, densely pubescent; calyx 2.5-3.5 mm long, 3.5-4.5 mm in diameter, campanulate, pale green (sometimes nearly translucent) with dark ribs, sparsely to densely pubescent, the margin truncate, with 10 spreading linear appendages 1-3 mm long emerging ca. 0.5 mm below the calyx rim; fruiting calyx enlarged, widely bowl-shaped to rotate, 2-3 mm long, 6-8 mm in diameter, the appendages to 5 mm long; corolla 0.9-1.5 cm long, rotate in orientation, shallowly stellate in outline, divided ca. 1/2 of the way to the base, with abundant interpetalar tissue, white to lilac, adaxially with darker purple stripes on the lobes, sparsely pubescent with few scattered trichomes, abaxially usually densely puberulent on the lobes (best seen in bud); stamens slightly unequal, straight, the four short filaments 0.5-1 mm long, the one long filament 1-2 mm long, glabrous, the anthers 3-4 mm long, elliptic, free of one another, yellow, sometimes pubescent on the inner face along the connective, poricidal at the tips, the pores ovate, dehiscing distally, not opening into longitudinal slits; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 6-8 mm long, linear, straight to curved, glabrous, the stigma oblong, decurrent down two sides. Fruit a berry, 4-10 mm long, 5-11 mm in diameter, depressed globose, orange when mature, glabrous, lacking sclerotic granules. Seeds 5-30 per fruit, 3-3.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-2.5 mm, flattened, thickened on the edges, reniform to depressed ovate in outline, usually with small notch on one side, orange, the surface reticulum with tight serpentine pattern and shallow luminae, the margin thickened and rougher in texture than the center.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Mexico (Chiapas), in cloud forest, often in oak forest, sometimes associated with
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abies</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Magnolia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, or
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Podocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podocarpus" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Podocarpus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, sometimes near disturbed areas, such as milpas, 2000-3000 m in elevation (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Map of geographic distribution of L. breedlovei based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480031" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480031" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 19.</emphasis>
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Map of geographic distribution of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. breedlovei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="breedlovei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. breedlovei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on herbarium specimen data.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Mexico. Chiapas: chichol mut (Tzeltal) (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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C.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Santíz">Santiz</normalizedToken>
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R. 854
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</emphasis>
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); penko antivo (Tzotzil) (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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C.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Santíz">Santiz</normalizedToken>
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R. 904
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</emphasis>
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); tunatzak (Tzeltal) (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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A.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Médez">Medez</normalizedToken>
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Ton 5054
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</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering specimens have been collected from April through July; specimens with mature fruits have been collected from August to November. The timing of the diurnal movements of the corolla of this species is not known, but many specimens have been collected with open flowers indicating that the flowers are open for an extended period during the day.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes breedlovei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="breedlovei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes breedlovei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is restricted to cloud forest habitat in the state of Chiapas, represented by 18 collections, only one of which is from a protected area. This species was previously given a preliminary assessment by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.409.5.2" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="261 - 272" refId="B41" refString="Dean, E, Archila, F, Poore, J, Kang, H, Anguiano-Constante, MA, Starbuck, T, Rodriguez, A, 2019a. Two new species of Lycianthes (Capsiceae, Solanaceae) from Mexico and Guatemala. Phytotaxa 409 (5): 261 - 272, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.409.5.2" title="Two new species of Lycianthes (Capsiceae, Solanaceae) from Mexico and Guatemala." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.409.5.2" volume="409" year="2019 a">Dean et al. (2019a)</bibRefCitation>
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of Endangered.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes breedlovei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="breedlovei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes breedlovei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a shrub to vine with zigzag branching due to widely divaricate branching angles, yellow to orange branched pubescence, white flowers with violet markings, and unequal stamens. It is closely related to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. hortulana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hortulana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. hortulana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Standley & L.O.Williams, described from Honduras. The two species are geographically isolated from one another, with no populations of either species known to occur in Guatemala. They have diverged from one another in pedicel length (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. hortulana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hortulana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. hortulana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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flowers have pedicels 3-9 mm long vs 9-16 mm long), flower size (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. hortulana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hortulana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. hortulana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has corollas that are 0.6-1 cm long vs 0.9-1.5 cm), corolla pubescence (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. hortulana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hortulana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. hortulana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has very sparse pubescence on the abaxial side of the corolla lobes vs dense), and stamen length (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. hortulana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hortulana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. hortulana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has equal stamens vs usually unequal) (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.409.5.2" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="261 - 272" refId="B41" refString="Dean, E, Archila, F, Poore, J, Kang, H, Anguiano-Constante, MA, Starbuck, T, Rodriguez, A, 2019a. Two new species of Lycianthes (Capsiceae, Solanaceae) from Mexico and Guatemala. Phytotaxa 409 (5): 261 - 272, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.409.5.2" title="Two new species of Lycianthes (Capsiceae, Solanaceae) from Mexico and Guatemala." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.409.5.2" volume="409" year="2019 a">Dean et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="representative specimen examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Representative specimen examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexico. Chiapas</emphasis>
|
||
: Mpio. Tenejapa, along the road to the town of Matzam, ca. 1.5 km from the eastern outskirts of the town of Las Ollas where the road forks, about 2.6 km from the intersection with the San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
|
||
de las Casas-Tenejapa road, just west and upslope of the settlement of Paraje Cruz Tzibaltic, on ridge where there is an intersection with an undeveloped road,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16.7832" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="16.7832">16.7832</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="92.5275" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-92.5275">-92.5275</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 2484 m, 13 Sep 2017,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Dean 9531</emphasis>
|
||
(DAV226596).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |