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<document id="57BF5AE8238DE463AE72CCF74DA217EE" ID-CLB-Dataset="24105" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2019.585" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dca608e8-fccf-4c1c-b8df-ef0c28e1d518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660259" ID-ZooBank="181B6FBA-ED75-4BB4-84C4-FB512B794749" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1581251975682" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. &amp; Stringer, Gary L." docDate="2019" docId="18174D41FF2EFF03FDFE9D904CC80D5F" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-585_ebersole_cicimurri_stinger.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 585" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Trichiurus oshosunensis White 1926" docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="173" masterDocId="E42E3539FF85FFAFFFC69F344D4B0F37" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="172" updateTime="1698783570407" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="EA3E321C0630EA7CD2FF234C6D52C2ED">Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9D4C02B032668395C50D4F4F7FCF03D6">Ebersole, Jun A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B771558A65E44580F58E2C001E5706DD">Cicimurri, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="78DCE31D6B193DD5D90DA8E8AF60006B">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8EFDDD7215C8C9AE67A1E225799AB860">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5321F494CBA1C7CAEBC4EDA905EB18AD">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2AE7507FF1ED4B4BFEE5F3DA1777B7D5">2019-12-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F0802CF7A8CAAA8DA0993FFA66DA63C8">585</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C399CB13CC35E345285DED07EAE94954" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2019.585</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="18174D41FF2EFF03FDFE9D904CC80D5F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3664334" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162072994" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3664334" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FF2EFF03FDFE9D904CC80D5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18174D41FF2EFF03FDFE9D904CC80D5F" lastPageId="172" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF2EFF04FDFE9D904EB00D89" box="[568,1019,676,703]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FDFE9D904EB00D89" blockId="171.[568,1019,676,739]" box="[568,1019,676,703]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF2EFF04FDFE9D904EB00D89" box="[568,1019,676,703]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FDFE9D904EB00D89" authority="White, 1926" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1926" box="[568,1019,676,703]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshosunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FDFE9D904E290D88" bold="true" box="[568,866,676,703]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Trichiurus oshosunensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FCAC9D904EB00D89" author="White E. I." box="[874,1019,676,702]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref153851" refString="White E. I. 1926. Eocene fishes from Nigeria. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Nigeria 10: 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / oxfordjournals. afraf. a 100500" type="journal article" year="1926">White, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF2EFF04FD1F9DFD4E110DD4" box="[729,858,713,739]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="description">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FD1F9DFD4E110DD4" blockId="171.[568,1019,676,739]" box="[729,858,713,739]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<figureCitation id="0885E0D2FF2EFF04FD1F9DFD4E600DD4" box="[729,811,713,739]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="170.[189,232,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[210,1379,422,1652]" captionTargetId="figure@170.[189,1398,407,1677]" captionTargetPageId="170" captionText="Fig. 63. Trichiurides sagittidens Winkler, 1874 and Trichiurus oshosunensis White, 1926, teeth. A–I. Trichiurides sagittidens. A–C. MSC 12800,, basal Gosport Sand. A. Lingual view. B. Anterior view. C. Basal view. D–F. MSC 2405.1, Gosport Sand. D. Lingual view. E. Anterior view. F. Basal view. G–I. MSC 37486, basal Gosport Sand. G. Lingual view. H. Anterior view. I. Basal view. — J–R. Trichiurus oshosunensis. J–L. MSC 38489.1, basal Lisbon Formation. J. Profile view. K. Anterior view. L. Basal view. M–O. MSC 37657, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of Bruce Relihan. M. Profile view. N. Anterior view. O. Basal view. P–R. MSC 37146, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of James Lowery. P. Profile view. Q. Anterior view. R. Basal view. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660381/files/figure.png" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
J–R
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF2EFF04FF7B9C384E180C83" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9C384EE60C11" blockId="171.[189,941,780,807]" box="[189,941,780,807]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FF7B9C384F870C10" authority="White, 1926: 65 - 66" authorityName="White" authorityPageNumber="65" authorityYear="1926" box="[189,716,780,807]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshosunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FF7B9C384C910C11" box="[189,474,780,806]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Trichiurus oshosunensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FE269C384F870C10" author="White E. I." box="[480,716,780,807]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref153851" refString="White E. I. 1926. Eocene fishes from Nigeria. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Nigeria 10: 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / oxfordjournals. afraf. a 100500" type="journal article" year="1926">White, 1926: 65–66</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 16, figs 14–20.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9C7B4E6F0C5D" blockId="171.[189,1024,847,948]" box="[189,804,847,874]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FF2EFF04FF7B9C7B4E6F0C5D" box="[189,804,847,874]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FF7B9C7B4C710C5E" ID-CoL="7KX3" authorityName="Walbaum" authorityYear="1792" box="[189,314,847,873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sphyraenidae" genus="Sphyraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FF7B9C7B4C710C5E" box="[189,314,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Sphyraena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. –
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FF2EFF04FE479C7B4F310C5D" author="Maisch H. M. &amp; Becker M. A. &amp; Raines B. W. &amp; Chamberlain J. A." box="[385,634,847,874]" page="8" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FE479C7B4F310C5D" author="Maisch H. M. &amp; Becker M. A. &amp; Raines B. W. &amp; Chamberlain J. A." box="[385,634,847,874]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref145747" refString="Maisch H. M., Becker M. A., Raines B. W. &amp; Chamberlain J. A. 2016. Osteichthyans from the Tallahatta- Lisbon Formation Contact (middle Eocene- Lutetian) Pigeon Creek, Conecuh-Covington counties, Alabama with comments on Transatlantic occurrences in the Northern Atlantic Ocean basin. PalArch's Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology 13 (3): 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="2016">
Maisch
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FE189C644F520C5E" box="[478,537,847,873]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
2016: 8
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2, 19–22.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9C40494B0CB8" blockId="171.[189,1024,847,948]" box="[189,1024,884,911]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FF2EFF04FF7B9C40494B0CB8" box="[189,1024,884,911]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FF7B9C404E6B0CB9" authority="- Arambourg 1952: 264" authorityName="- Arambourg" authorityPageNumber="264" authorityYear="1952" box="[189,800,884,911]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshoshunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FF7B9C404CB60CB9" box="[189,509,884,910]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Trichiurides oshoshunensis</emphasis>
–
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FF2EFF04FDDF9C404E6B0CB9" author="Arambourg C." box="[537,800,884,911]" page="264" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" year="1952">
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FDDF9C404E6B0CB9" author="Arambourg C." box="[537,800,884,911]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 372" refId="ref136183" refString="Arambourg C. 1952. Les vertebres fossiles des gisements de phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92: 1 - 372." type="journal article" year="1952">Arambourg 1952: 264</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 35, figs 47–52.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9CAD4E180C83" blockId="171.[189,1024,847,948]" box="[189,851,921,948]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FF2EFF04FF7B9CAD4E180C83" box="[189,851,921,948]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FF7B9CAD4C070C84" authorityName="Winkler" authorityYear="1874" box="[189,332,921,947]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FF7B9CAD4C070C84" box="[189,332,921,947]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Trichiurides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. –
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FF2EFF04FE549CAD4FBE0C84" author="Thurmond J. T. &amp; Jones D. E." box="[402,757,921,948]" page="106" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FE549CAD4FBE0C84" author="Thurmond J. T. &amp; Jones D. E." box="[402,757,921,948]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refId="ref152244" refString="Thurmond J. T. &amp; Jones D. E. 1981. Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa." type="book" year="1981">Thurmond &amp; Jones 1981: 106</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 50.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF2EFF04FF7B9CE84F820BA0" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9CE84CE10CC1" blockId="171.[189,426,988,1014]" box="[189,426,988,1014]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF2EFF04FF7B9CE84CE10CC1" bold="true" box="[189,426,988,1014]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FF7B9CE84CE10CC1" bold="true" box="[189,426,988,1014]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9B394F820BA0" blockId="171.[189,1399,1037,1175]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<materialsCitation id="20D6F60AFF2EFF04FF7B9B394F8E0BA0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564277960" collectionCode="ALMNH, MSC, SC, WSU" country="United States of America" location="Claiborne Group" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" specimenCode="MSC 37173.1, 2, MSC 37308.1, 7, MSC 37666.1, MSC 38489.1, NJSM 24042, NJSM 24319, CC 548" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Alabama">
<collectingCountry id="E8A9BCC7FF2EFF04FF7B9B394F270B10" box="[189,620,1037,1063]" name="United States of America" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FD5D9B394E460B10" bold="true" box="[667,781,1037,1063]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF2EFF04FD5D9B394E460B10" box="[667,781,1037,1063]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Alabama</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 33 isolated teeth;
<location id="9561AA8CFF2EFF04FBE29B3949B30B10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FF2EFF03FDFE9D904CC80D5F:9561AA8CFF2EFF04FBE29B3949B30B10" box="[1060,1272,1037,1063]" country="United States of America" name="Claiborne Group" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" stateProvince="Alabama">Claiborne Group</location>
;
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FACD9B39483C0B10" box="[1291,1399,1037,1063]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
PV1985.87.2,
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FEAE9B064C9F0B7B" box="[360,468,1074,1100]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
PV1985.87.3,
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FD4D9B064F820B7B" box="[651,713,1074,1100]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MSC</collectionCode>
37146,
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FCE99B064E920B7B" box="[815,985,1074,1100]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FCE99B064E260B7B" box="[815,877,1074,1100]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MSC</collectionCode>
37173.1
</specimenCode>
–
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FC2F9B064EBC0B7B" box="[1001,1015,1074,1100]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">2</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FBC09B0649FA0B7B" box="[1030,1201,1074,1100]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FBC09B06490F0B7B" box="[1030,1092,1074,1100]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MSC</collectionCode>
37308.1
</specimenCode>
–
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FB079B0649840B7B" box="[1217,1231,1074,1100]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">7</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FB1B9B0648500B7B" box="[1245,1307,1074,1100]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MSC</collectionCode>
37657,
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FF7B9B634C2A0B46" box="[189,353,1111,1137]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FF7B9B634DB00B46" box="[189,251,1111,1137]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MSC</collectionCode>
37666.1
</specimenCode>
–
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FEB79B634C340B46" box="[369,383,1111,1137]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">2</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FE419B634C8E0B46" box="[391,453,1111,1137]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MSC</collectionCode>
38437,
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FDD89B634F170B46" box="[542,604,1111,1137]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MSC</collectionCode>
38438,
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FD739B634E120B46" box="[693,857,1111,1137]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FD739B634FB80B46" box="[693,755,1111,1137]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MSC</collectionCode>
38489.1
</specimenCode>
–
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FCAF9B634E3C0B46" box="[873,887,1111,1137]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">7</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FCB99B6349510B46" box="[895,1050,1111,1137]" collectionCode="NJSM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fe4d-5yka" name="New Jersey State Museum" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FCB99B634E810B46" box="[895,970,1111,1137]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">NJSM</collectionCode>
24042
</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FBE59B6349F50B46" box="[1059,1214,1111,1137]" collectionCode="NJSM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fe4d-5yka" name="New Jersey State Museum" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FBE59B6349250B46" box="[1059,1134,1111,1137]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">NJSM</collectionCode>
24319
</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FB019B6349A10B46" box="[1223,1258,1111,1137]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">SC</collectionCode>
2012.47.97,
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FF7B9B484D940BA1" box="[189,223,1148,1174]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">SC</collectionCode>
2012.47.98 (
<specimenCount id="86B837DEFF2EFF04FEB09B484F400BA0" box="[374,523,1148,1175]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
),
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF2EFF04FDD89B484F140BA1" box="[542,607,1148,1174]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1raa-g3is" name="Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collection" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">WSU</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C018542CFF2EFF04FDA19B484F8E0BA0" box="[615,709,1148,1175]" collectionCode="WSU" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1raa-g3is" name="Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collection" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">CC 548</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF2EFF04FF7B9B8B48790A4E" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="description">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9B8B4C050BEE" blockId="171.[189,334,1215,1241]" box="[189,334,1215,1241]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF2EFF04FF7B9B8B4C050BEE" bold="true" box="[189,334,1215,1241]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FF7B9B8B4C050BEE" bold="true" box="[189,334,1215,1241]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9BDB48790A4E" blockId="171.[189,1398,1263,1401]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Teeth measuring over 1.0 cm in height. In profile, basal one-third of tooth vertical, but then sharply curved posteriorly; apical portion anteriorly directed. Anterior margin formed into sharp carina, whereas posterior margin uniformly convex. Enameloid generally not preserved, but small apical posterior barb sometimes present. Tooth base with teardrop-shaped outline, shallow pulp cavity may be present.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF2EFF03FF7B9A964CC80D5F" lastPageId="172" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9A964C640A8B" blockId="171.[189,303,1442,1468]" box="[189,303,1442,1468]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF2EFF04FF7B9A964C640A8B" bold="true" box="[189,303,1442,1468]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FF7B9A964C640A8B" bold="true" box="[189,303,1442,1468]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF04FF7B9AE64E520824" blockId="171.[189,1399,1490,1812]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
The teeth described above appear to be conspecific with
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FC9B9AE649440ADA" author="White E. I." box="[861,1039,1490,1517]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref153851" refString="White E. I. 1926. Eocene fishes from Nigeria. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Nigeria 10: 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / oxfordjournals. afraf. a 100500" type="journal article" year="1926">White’s (1926)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FBDE9AE6487E0ADB" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1926" box="[1048,1333,1490,1516]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshosunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FBDE9AE6487E0ADB" box="[1048,1333,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Trichiurus oshosunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the early-to-middle Eocene of
<collectingCountry id="E8A9BCC7FF2EFF04FDEC9AC34FCD0926" box="[554,646,1527,1553]" name="Nigeria" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
. Although similar to the
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FC699AC349670926" authorityName="Walbaum" authorityYear="1792" box="[943,1068,1527,1553]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sphyraenidae" genus="Sphyraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FC699AC349670926" box="[943,1068,1527,1553]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Sphyraena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
laniary teeth we examined, they can be distinguished by being much more sinuous in profile. In contrast, laniary teeth of
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FB3F9928483D0901" authorityName="Walbaum" authorityYear="1792" box="[1273,1398,1564,1590]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sphyraenidae" genus="Sphyraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FB3F9928483D0901" box="[1273,1398,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Sphyraena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have an oblique, slightly sinuous anterior margin but nearly vertical posterior margin.
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FB3699754C4D09B7" author="Arambourg C." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 372" refId="ref136183" refString="Arambourg C. 1952. Les vertebres fossiles des gisements de phosphates (Maroc-Algerie-Tunisie). Notes et Memoires du Service geologique du Maroc 92: 1 - 372." type="journal article" year="1952">Arambourg (1952</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 35, figs 43–45, 53–56) figured several teeth he assigned to
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FC36995349E209B7" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1926" box="[1008,1193,1638,1664]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshosunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FC36995349E209B7" box="[1008,1193,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. oshosunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that better fit our definition of
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FE9199BF4C9F0992" authorityName="Walbaum" authorityYear="1792" box="[343,468,1675,1701]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sphyraenidae" genus="Sphyraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FE9199BF4C9F0992" box="[343,468,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Sphyraena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. in that they have anterior and posterior carinae and are lanceolate in form. Unfortunately,
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FEA899844F4109FD" author="White E. I." box="[366,522,1711,1738]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref153851" refString="White E. I. 1926. Eocene fishes from Nigeria. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Nigeria 10: 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / oxfordjournals. afraf. a 100500" type="journal article" year="1926">White (1926)</bibRefCitation>
only illustrated laniary teeth, and the morphology of other
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FB799984483C09FD" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1926" box="[1215,1399,1712,1738]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshosunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FB799984483C09FD" box="[1215,1399,1712,1738]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. oshosunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
teeth is uncertain. Until more complete specimens are known, we restrict the usage of
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FB7899E1483C09D8" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1926" box="[1214,1399,1749,1775]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshosunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FB7899E1483C09D8" box="[1214,1399,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. oshosunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to teeth that match
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FE5B99CD4F050823" author="White E. I." box="[413,590,1785,1812]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref153851" refString="White E. I. 1926. Eocene fishes from Nigeria. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Nigeria 10: 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / oxfordjournals. afraf. a 100500" type="journal article" year="1926">White’s (1926)</bibRefCitation>
<typeStatus id="4F0542F5FF2EFF04FD9399CE4FC30823" box="[597,648,1786,1812]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">type</typeStatus>
description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF2EFF03FF7B98094E410E7D" blockId="171.[189,1398,1853,2028]" lastBlockId="172.[189,1399,267,330]" lastPageId="172" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FF7B98094C960860" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1926" box="[189,477,1853,1879]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshosunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FF7B98094C960860" box="[189,477,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Trichiurus oshosunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FD4798094ED40860" authorityName="Ebersole &amp; Cicimurri &amp; Stringer" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Arambourg" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[641,927,1853,1879]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Eutrichiurides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicidens" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FD4798094ED40860" box="[641,927,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Eutrichiurides plicidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B9F99D3EFF2EFF04FC6F980949650860" box="[937,1070,1853,1879]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having a single anterior carina and by lacking posterior crown ornament. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FC2E98564848084B" authorityName="Winkler" authorityYear="1874" box="[1000,1283,1890,1916]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sagittidens">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FC2E98564848084B" box="[1000,1283,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Trichiurides sagittidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in being laterally compressed along the entire crown height (not just apically), by having a smaller posterior barb (if present), and by having a teardrop-shaped basal outline (not circular). A laniary tooth identified as
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FF7B98E54C7108DC" authorityName="Walbaum" authorityYear="1792" box="[189,314,2001,2027]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sphyraenidae" genus="Sphyraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FF7B98E54C7108DC" box="[189,314,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Sphyraena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. by
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF2EFF04FE4B98E54F3208DB" author="Maisch H. M. &amp; Becker M. A. &amp; Raines B. W. &amp; Chamberlain J. A." box="[397,633,2001,2028]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref145747" refString="Maisch H. M., Becker M. A., Raines B. W. &amp; Chamberlain J. A. 2016. Osteichthyans from the Tallahatta- Lisbon Formation Contact (middle Eocene- Lutetian) Pigeon Creek, Conecuh-Covington counties, Alabama with comments on Transatlantic occurrences in the Northern Atlantic Ocean basin. PalArch's Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology 13 (3): 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="2016">
Maisch
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FE2C98E64F6F08DC" box="[490,548,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
is herein considered to be
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF2EFF04FC6998E6492D08DC" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1926" box="[943,1126,2001,2027]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshosunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF2EFF04FC6998E6492D08DC" box="[943,1126,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">T. oshosunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Also, our examination of a specimen that
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF29FF03FE669E3F4F930E12" author="Thurmond J. T. &amp; Jones D. E." box="[416,728,267,294]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" refId="ref152244" refString="Thurmond J. T. &amp; Jones D. E. 1981. Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa." type="book" year="1981">Thurmond &amp; Jones (1981</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 50) referred to
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF29FF03FC0E9E3F491C0E12" authorityName="Winkler" authorityYear="1874" box="[968,1111,267,293]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF29FF03FC0E9E3F491C0E12" box="[968,1111,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Trichiurides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (specimen ALMNH PV2005.6.432) is also referred to
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF29FF03FD8D9E044E480E7E" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1926" box="[587,771,303,329]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oshosunensis">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF29FF03FD8D9E044E480E7E" box="[587,771,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">T. oshosunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF29FF03FF7B9E4549A60E98" blockId="172.[189,1399,369,431]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
Several of the teeth in our sample lack a posterior barb, a feature that
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF29FF03FC249E45493C0EBC" author="Gago F. J." box="[994,1143,369,395]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" pagination="161 - 191" refId="ref142205" refString="Gago F. J. 1997. Character evolution and phylogeny of the cutlassfishes: and ontogenetic perspective (Scombroidei: Trichiuridae). Bulletin of Marine Sciences 60: 161 - 191." type="journal article" year="1997">Gago (1997)</bibRefCitation>
noted as being absent on juveniles of extant
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF29FF03FE049EA14F770E98" authorityName="Linneaus" authorityYear="1758" box="[450,572,405,431]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichiuridae" genus="Trichiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF29FF03FE049EA14F770E98" box="[450,572,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Trichiurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and could reflect ontogeny as opposed to jaw heterodonty.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF29FF03FF7B9EE24E5F0EC7" blockId="172.[189,788,470,497]" box="[189,788,470,497]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF29FF03FF7B9EE24E5F0EC7" bold="true" box="[189,788,470,497]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF29FF03FF7B9EE24E5F0EC7" bold="true" box="[189,788,470,497]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
Stratigraphic and geographic range in
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF29FF03FD649EE24E5F0EC7" box="[674,788,470,496]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Alabama</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF29FF03FF7B9D324CC80D5F" blockId="172.[189,1399,518,616]" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
The specimens in our sample were collected from the contact of the Tallahatta and
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF29FF03FB5B9D3249A50D17" box="[1181,1262,518,544]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
formations at sites ACh-14 and ACov-11, and the basal
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF29FF03FD0C9D1D4E500D74" box="[714,795,553,579]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
Formation at site ACov-11. Lower Lutetian, zones NP14 and NP15.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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