143 lines
15 KiB
XML
143 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="3326873024004EA2E9E07D7DDF4014D7" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274436" ID-GBIF-Dataset="34ba49f6-55b5-4414-9f26-e491df98bfa7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274436" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459908139372" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Matthews, Robert W. & González, Jorge M." docDate="2008" docId="03DBAE072309FFD25AEFFCD3F19AF932" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01854p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1854" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Anthophorabia megachilis" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFE2D67F230EFFD55A78FFECF500FFAE" masterDocTitle="The acasta conundrum: Polymorphism and taxonomic confusion within the parasitoid genus Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1698229192346" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="390BBD753656BB0914FB5C793EA7F4E1">
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<mods:title id="3691C5719812F413C936A7C4CF580F9D">The acasta conundrum: Polymorphism and taxonomic confusion within the parasitoid genus Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BB78D587B83C2EB52AB877A26477D7A3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B174E4EBF3624A74362FBFB573081E37">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F94D2E373303883CFD7185F21326123F">Matthews, Robert W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="7DFB95E6B0DE5780D3194E0A09349756" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="923237747DB5606F53F5F5458B9A9E2B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F5F9A9E45ABE9A967685584B41DAFCB7">González, Jorge M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3464F37F5247A407064C98898C1BCD48">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DEDC78EF9B7A8298DB0F77AED471F6FC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="397A028D166C495530A0B2E959785243">
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<mods:date id="1D7292FE5C7F1643E60725F04BB38BBD">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5957A3C10016F5617A1022B05A7F92C7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CB3CC51C459EC54781D6D00DA221A291">1854</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="438290741E3D5A65D122AD872DD73246">45</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="E05852DEC8678A4C2A22F9E40A5DCFF2">54</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="EAF476091BE2F91185022C1907281A81">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C439FAFAC2248C6E32E594DA2C6C122E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.274436</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4A95A165B15A6DF7C73322011D959149" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0F0DB6CA5E8342B2FA5941FA38931C66" type="Zenodo-Dep">274436</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DBAE072309FFD25AEFFCD3F19AF932" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5694392" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119373629" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5694392" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DBAE072309FFD25AEFFCD3F19AF932" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DBAE072309FFD25AEFFCD3F19AF932" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection id="C3684C9A2309FFD25AEFFCD3F68BFC5A" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCD1F112309FFD25AEFFCD3F72CFCF7" blockId="7.[151,556,831,857]" box="[151,556,831,857]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
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<heading id="D085A87D2309FFD25AEFFCD3F72CFCF7" bold="true" box="[151,556,831,857]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25AEFFCD3F72CFCF7" bold="true" box="[151,556,831,857]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
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Other
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD25A91FCD3F494FCF7" ID-CoL="67FH5" box="[233,404,831,857]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Anthophorabia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megachilis">
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25A91FCD3F494FCF7" bold="true" box="[233,404,831,857]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">M. megachilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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synonymies
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD1F112309FFD25AEFFC66F68BFC5A" blockId="7.[151,1436,906,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
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In his catalog,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE362E02309FFD25B2AFC66F4E5FC0A" author="Peck" box="[338,485,906,932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" refString="Peck, O. (1951) Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Synoptic catalogue. Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K., Townes, H. K., eds. U. S. Department of Agriculture Monograph, (2), 410 - 594." type="journal article" year="1951">Peck (1951)</bibRefCitation>
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synonymized
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD258E2FC66F6E5FC0A" authority="Hickok" authorityName="Hickok" box="[666,997,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Pteromalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerardi">
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD258E2FC66F683FC0D" box="[666,899,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Pteromalus gerardi</emphasis>
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Hickok
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</taxonomicName>
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with
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25E4AFC66F1E6FC0D" box="[1074,1254,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD25E4AFC66F1DFFC0D" box="[1074,1247,906,931]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Anthophorabia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megachilis">M. megachilis</taxonomicName>
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;
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</emphasis>
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it is unknown whether he saw actual specimens. Unfortunately, the
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<typeStatus id="54C9A1B32309FFD25976FC5EF64CFC62" box="[782,844,946,972]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">types</typeStatus>
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of
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD2590DFC5EF6E6FC65" box="[885,998,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">P. g e r a rd i</emphasis>
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may be lost (T. Nuhn,
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<date id="FFCC39D12309FFD25E86FC5EF079FC62" box="[1278,1401,946,972]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" value="2008-01-30">1/30/2008</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25FFDFC5EF5B8FC5D" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">in litt</emphasis>
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.); the
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<typeStatus id="54C9A1B32309FFD25B7BFC36F435FC5A" box="[259,309,986,1012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
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deposition is not listed on Noyes’ (2003) web site.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3684C9A2309FFD25ABEFBEEF19AF932" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCD1F112309FFD25ABEFBEEF685FA52" blockId="7.[151,1436,906,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
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Hickok’s (1875) brief description of the male
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25973FBEEF681FBB5" box="[779,897,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">P. g e r a rd i</emphasis>
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is superficially similar to Dahms’ (1984a) description of male
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25BF8FBC6F718FBED" box="[384,536,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD25BF8FBC6F714FBED" box="[384,532,1066,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Melittobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femorata">M. femorata</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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but a careful reading of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE362E02309FFD25941FBC6F6E5FBEA" author="Hickok" box="[825,997,1066,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" refString="Hickok, H. T. (1875) Experiments with the fly Pteromalus Gerardi. Proceedings of the Poughkeepsie Society for Natural Science, 1, 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1875">Hickok (1875)</bibRefCitation>
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suggests that
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25EF2FBC6F1FAFBED" box="[1162,1274,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">P. g e r a rd i</emphasis>
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actually may prove to be a senior synonym for
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25855FBBFF7B9FBC2" box="[557,697,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD25855FBBFF7B5FBC2" box="[557,693,1107,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Melittobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="digitata">M. digitata</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE362E02309FFD258BAFBBEF6CBFBC2" author="Hickok" box="[706,971,1106,1132]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" refString="Hickok, H. T. (1875) Experiments with the fly Pteromalus Gerardi. Proceedings of the Poughkeepsie Society for Natural Science, 1, 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1875" yearSuffix="p">Hickok (1875, p. 134)</bibRefCitation>
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notes each male antenna “has a strong spine, projecting inward, giving it the appearance of the antler of a deer.” This seems a clear reference to the distinctive mesal projection on the scape of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD258E0FB4FF61AFB12" box="[664,794,1187,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Melittobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="digitata">
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD258E0FB4FF61AFB12" box="[664,794,1187,1212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">M. digitata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that is the basis for the specific epithet (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE362E02309FFD25E89FB4EF46BFB4A" author="Dahms" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Dahms, E. C. (1984 a) Revision of the genus Melittobia (Chalcidoidea; Eulophidae) with the description of seven new species. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 21 (2), 271 - 336." type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="a">Dahms 1984a, his figs. 197–198</bibRefCitation>
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); this is the only species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD258C7FB27F639FB4A" box="[703,825,1227,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Melittobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD258C7FB27F639FB4A" box="[703,825,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Melittobia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that possesses such a structure. Further behavioral support is provided by the observation (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE362E02309FFD25813FB1EF6A9FAA2" author="Hickok" box="[619,937,1266,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" refString="Hickok, H. T. (1875) Experiments with the fly Pteromalus Gerardi. Proceedings of the Poughkeepsie Society for Natural Science, 1, 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1875">Hickok 1875, pp. 134–135</bibRefCitation>
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) that “… the males have but few opportunities of coming in collision; but when this occurs one of the males is quite sure to forfeit his life. If one succeeds in grasping the other around the neck or waist with his mandibles he holds firmly on, and drives them slowly through nerve and muscle of his victim, till the lifeless trunk and abdomen fall asunder.” As noted above,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD25A94FA7FF47DFA02" box="[236,381,1427,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Melittobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femorata">
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25A94FA7FF47DFA02" box="[236,381,1427,1452]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">M. femorata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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males are relatively tolerant of one another and seldom engage in fatal combat, but males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD25AC5FA57F445FA7A" box="[189,325,1467,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Melittobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="digitata">
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25AC5FA57F445FA7A" box="[189,325,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">M. digitata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are vicious fighters (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE362E02309FFD2582DFA56F6A2FA7A" author="Hartley" box="[597,930,1466,1492]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" refString="Hartley, C. S. & Matthews, R. W. (2003) The effect of body size on male-male combat in the parasitoid wasp Melittobia digitata Dahms (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 12, 272 - 277." type="journal article" year="2003">Hartley & Matthews 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). Unfortunately, until Hickok’s
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<typeStatus id="54C9A1B32309FFD25F55FA56F06BFA7A" box="[1325,1387,1466,1492]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">types</typeStatus>
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are located, exact species identification must remain as speculation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCD1F112309FFD25ABDF9E6F19AF932" blockId="7.[151,1436,906,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
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Dahms did not examine the syntypical series of
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<specimenCount id="9D74D4982309FFD2596DF9E6F698F98A" box="[789,920,1546,1572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="female">13 females</specimenCount>
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that
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE362E02309FFD259A1F9E6F176F98A" author="Brues" box="[985,1142,1546,1572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Brues, C. T. (1909) Notes and descriptions of North American parasitic Hymenoptera. VII. Bulletin of the Wisconsin Natural History Society (new series), 6, 154 - 163." type="journal article" year="1909">Brues (1909)</bibRefCitation>
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named as
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD25E86F9E7F5E8F9E2" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneus">
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25E86F9E7F5E8F9E2" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Chrysocharis aeneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. We obtained them from MCPM and, as noted above, confirmed that they are also
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<taxonomicName id="4C7264922309FFD25ECCF9DFF059F9E2" box="[1204,1369,1587,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Anthophorabia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megachilis">
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<emphasis id="B906C3032309FFD25ECCF9DFF059F9E2" box="[1204,1369,1587,1612]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">M. megachilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with an average head length to genal width of 1.3; all had 4 setae on the submarginal vein and a pair of setae on the submedian lobes of the scutellum. We have designated one of the females as
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<typeStatus id="54C9A1B32309FFD25E65F96EF196F932" box="[1053,1174,1666,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |