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<document id="5620336B845628D5F88363464FD87C38" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4170.2.6" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4170.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45269738-d1aa-4e6e-9cf1-a8858076aa1f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="260743" ID-ZooBank="43CD8644-9C39-40C9-96B7-4423B200E70C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1474613050135" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lupoli, Roland" docDate="2016" docId="115487BCFFDCFF93FF6BD9ECAA83FE8E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4170.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4170 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Epipedus histrio Spinola 1837" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="332" masterDocId="ED6DFFC4FFDDFF91FFFCDB3DA807FF93" masterDocTitle="Diagnosis of Calagasma Bergroth and Epipedus Spinola with description of Calagasma eclipsa sp. nov. and Epipedus rolstoni sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Carpocorini)" masterLastPageNumber="338" masterPageNumber="330" pageNumber="331" updateTime="1698387059864" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="369D6A7409771221DCF73DF060E372FB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="13597B5B29A5119FAB82AFD82D840138">
<mods:title id="C7F53273038414215ACE6D565FA35B98">Diagnosis of Calagasma Bergroth and Epipedus Spinola with description of Calagasma eclipsa sp. nov. and Epipedus rolstoni sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Carpocorini)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="70ABF58CC0EAD822D3D9AA3D68B0D499" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FD6E8611AEDE607BC61920395681CB3E">
<mods:roleTerm id="EC449ADCB3A6E8847A2EFA11AA0A6E41">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D9DD6E2CAB6A788107C1D55E773A5CCC">Lupoli, Roland</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BC88B872FB2E8F3E8C5FEC901042A7B9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3A0F1D8149BEF5101C09D16AE6995666">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0AEAAE36771CAF8DFD17CE800A006897">
<mods:date id="9F04A6B93970050140A7A85B24938E76">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F5103D9AB71DB99E9D04FCF7C1D910DB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="87F621D26786939CDCDE529AB1980386">4170</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FD2CA62AE0180186CB7AE66428D59DEF">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F17CAB028E196BAF7438F1DCC9AA9E2A">330</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="2B29D03E29F5A728184A227C0A4785F3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6AF6CA478F4539CCD17E574A7D3E2497" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4170.2.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="52489F3259EE1E9B89AFE0C1433CD958" type="GBIF-Dataset">45269738-d1aa-4e6e-9cf1-a8858076aa1f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FAA124A6C54FE9D80AAB344ED02D5454" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B1C54C67D9264269AA5F792598F478A6" type="Zenodo-Dep">260743</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="115487BCFFDCFF93FF6BD9ECAA83FE8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6080887" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124552786" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6080887" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:115487BCFFDCFF93FF6BD9ECAA83FE8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/115487BCFFDCFF93FF6BD9ECAA83FE8E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<subSubSection id="D1E76521FFDCFF90FF6BD9ECAA0BFD78" box="[151,524,721,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="994236AAFFDCFF90FF6BD9ECAA0BFD78" blockId="1.[151,524,721,747]" box="[151,524,721,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<heading id="C20A81C6FFDCFF90FF6BD9ECAA0BFD78" bold="true" box="[151,524,721,747]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="5EFD4D29FFDCFF90FF6BD9ECAA0BFD78" authority="Spinola, 1837" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,524,721,747]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Epipedus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="histrio">
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDCFF90FF6BD9ECAA0BFD78" bold="true" box="[151,524,721,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDCFF90FF6BD9ECA95BFD78" bold="true" box="[151,348,721,747]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Epipedus histrio</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FD6C4B5BFFDCFF90FE98D9ECAA0BFD78" author="Spinola" box="[356,524,721,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" refString="Spinola, M. (1837) Essai sur les genres d'insectes appartenants a l'ordre des Hemipteres, Lin. ou Rhyngotes, Fab. et a la section Heteropteres, Dufour. Yves Graviers, Geneva, 383 pp." type="book" year="1837">Spinola, 1837</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1E76521FFDCFF90FF6BD825AC25FCBD" box="[151,1058,792,814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="994236AAFFDCFF90FF6BD825AC25FCBD" blockId="1.[151,1058,792,814]" box="[151,1058,792,814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B9ED1184FFDCFF90FF6BD825AC25FCBD" box="[151,1058,792,814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<taxonomicName id="5EFD4D29FFDCFF90FF6BD825AA02FCBD" authority="Spinola, 1837: 315" authorityName="Spinola" authorityPageNumber="315" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,517,792,814]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Epipedus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="histrio">
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDCFF90FF6BD825A93AFCBE" box="[151,317,792,813]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Epipedus histrio</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="185C10BBFFDCFF90FEB8D825AA02FCBD" author="Spinola" box="[324,517,792,814]" page="315" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" year="1837">
<bibRefCitation id="FD6C4B5BFFDCFF90FEB8D825A9D3FCBD" author="Spinola" box="[324,468,792,814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" refString="Spinola, M. (1837) Essai sur les genres d'insectes appartenants a l'ordre des Hemipteres, Lin. ou Rhyngotes, Fab. et a la section Heteropteres, Dufour. Yves Graviers, Geneva, 383 pp." type="book" year="1837">Spinola, 1837</bibRefCitation>
: 315
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–316;
<treatmentCitation id="185C10BBFFDCFF90FDB8D825AAFEFCBD" author="Rolston" box="[580,761,792,814]" page="69" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="FD6C4B5BFFDCFF90FDB8D825AAD2FCBD" author="Rolston" box="[580,725,792,814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" refString="Rolston, L. H. (1987) Diagnosis of Epipedus Spinola and redescription of the type species, E. histrio Spinola (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 95 (1), 69 - 72." type="journal article" year="1987">Rolston, 1987</bibRefCitation>
: 69
</treatmentCitation>
–70;
<bibRefCitation id="FD6C4B5BFFDCFF90FCD0D825AC25FCBD" author="Grazia" box="[812,1058,792,814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" refString="Grazia, J. &amp; Campos, L. A. (2010) Neotropical Pentatomidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of the collection of Massimiliano Spinola preserved in the &quot; Museo Regionale de Scienze Naturali &quot;, Turin, Italy. Zoologia, 27 (3), 413 - 424. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1984 - 46702010000300014" type="journal article" year="2010">Grazia &amp; Campos, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1E76521FFDCFF90FF6BD867A963FC04" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="994236AAFFDCFF90FF6BD867A963FC04" blockId="1.[151,1437,858,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<materialsCitation id="29953CF7FFDCFF90FF6BD867A963FC04" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1314772775" collectionCode="UFPR" collectorName="Alvarenga &amp; Seabra" country="Brazil" location="Corcovado Mountain" municipality="Material" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDCFF90FF6BD867A97AFCE0" bold="true" box="[151,381,858,883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<collectingMunicipality id="7926ACD0FFDCFF90FF6BD867A8F8FCE0" box="[151,255,858,883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Material</collectingMunicipality>
examined
</emphasis>
(n: 1).
<collectingCountry id="E1EA763AFFDCFF90FE26D867AA26FCE0" box="[474,545,858,883]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="5B39F848FFDCFF90FDD3D867AADEFCE0" box="[559,729,858,883]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
(
<location id="9C226071FFDCFF90FD16D867ABE2FCE0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:115487BCFFDCFF93FF6BD9ECAA83FE8E:9C226071FFDCFF90FD16D867ABE2FCE0" box="[746,997,858,883]" country="Brazil" municipality="Material" name="Corcovado Mountain" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Corcovado Mountain</location>
): 1961,
<specimenCount id="8FFBFD23FFDCFF90FBB8D866AC75FCE1" box="[1092,1138,859,883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
<collectorName id="3408537CFFDCFF90FB81D867ACF5FCE0" box="[1149,1266,858,883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Alvarenga</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="3408537CFFDCFF90FAE0D867AD6FFCE0" box="[1308,1384,858,883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Seabra</collectorName>
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDCFF90FA8FD866AD92FCE0" box="[1395,1429,859,883]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">leg</emphasis>
. (
<collectionCode id="FFECAE6FFFDCFF90FF62D842A8EFFC04" box="[158,232,895,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">UFPR</collectionCode>
) (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDCFF90FF03D843A939FC04" box="[255,318,894,919]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1731]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,187,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1388,183,1684]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: Calagasma margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. Dorsal view drawn by Bergroth (1914). Scale = 2 mm. B: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, dorsal view drawn by Rolston (1987), montage of his 3 separate figures (dorsal view, pronotum and right corium). Stippled areas correspond to a rufous (red-brown) color. Scale = 2 mm. C: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. D: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. syntype ♂ conserved at MZHF, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Pekka Malinen (MZHF), 2016. E: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana, Roura (Montagne des Chevaux RN 2 pK 22) 26. VII. 2014, SEAG leg. ♂ specimen, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Collection Roland Lupoli. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2015. F: same in partial lateral view. G: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. H: Calagasma eclipsa Lupoli, sp. nov. French Guiana, 1913 Dr Bongrand leg. holotype ♂ conserved at MNHN, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2016. I: same in ventral view. J: same in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260744/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1E76521FFDCFF90FF3BD89FAC32FBFD" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" type="description">
<paragraph id="994236AAFFDCFF90FF3BD89FAC32FBFD" blockId="1.[151,1437,858,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDCFF90FF3BD89FA97AFC28" bold="true" box="[199,381,930,955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Measurements.</emphasis>
Total length:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FDE1D89FAA82FC29" box="[541,645,930,955]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="11.6">11.6 mm</quantity>
; pronotum width:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FCABD89EABB5FC29" box="[855,946,931,955]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="7.1">7.1 mm</quantity>
; abdomen width:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FB82D89EACDFFC29" box="[1150,1240,931,955]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="8.2">8.2 mm</quantity>
; head length:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FA85D89EA8C1FC4D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
; head width across the eyes:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FDE5D8FAAA72FC4D" box="[537,629,967,991]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
; pronotum length:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FCACD8FAABACFC4D" box="[848,939,967,991]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
; antennomers I:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FB90D8FAACCFFC4D" box="[1132,1224,967,991]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
; II:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FB06D8FAAD52FC4D" box="[1274,1365,967,991]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
; other antennomers are missing. Measurements were performed on photos digitalized with a precision scale, by expanding, measuring and comparing them on a computer screen. Spinola mentioned a body length of 5 lines, i.e.
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FF6BDF0EA8FDFBD9" box="[151,250,1075,1099]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="11.3">11.3 mm</quantity>
and a width of 3.5 lines, i.e.
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FDB9DF0EAA9AFBD9" box="[581,669,1075,1099]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="7.9">7.9 mm</quantity>
, and Rolston a body length of
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FC05DF0EAC58FBD9" box="[1017,1119,1075,1099]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="12.2">12.2 mm</quantity>
, a width of
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FB1ADF0FAD38FBD9" box="[1254,1343,1074,1099]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
. and the following lengths of antennomers: I:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FDCBDF6AAA88FBFD" box="[567,655,1111,1135]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
, II:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FD40DF6BAB13FBFD" box="[700,788,1110,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
, III:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FCB6DF6BABA5FBFD" box="[842,930,1110,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
, IV:
<quantity id="5E059B4FFFDCFF90FC24DF6BAC36FBFD" box="[984,1073,1110,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1E76521FFDCFF90FF3BDF47AD9BF964" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="994236AAFFDCFF90FF3BDF47AD9BF964" blockId="1.[151,1437,858,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDCFF90FF3BDF47A946FB00" bold="true" box="[199,321,1146,1171]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Global dorsal color mostly rufous with eight contrasting brownish yellow spots bordered by black lines (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDCFF90FF22DFA3A927FB24" box="[222,288,1182,1207]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1731]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,187,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1388,183,1684]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: Calagasma margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. Dorsal view drawn by Bergroth (1914). Scale = 2 mm. B: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, dorsal view drawn by Rolston (1987), montage of his 3 separate figures (dorsal view, pronotum and right corium). Stippled areas correspond to a rufous (red-brown) color. Scale = 2 mm. C: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. D: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. syntype ♂ conserved at MZHF, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Pekka Malinen (MZHF), 2016. E: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana, Roura (Montagne des Chevaux RN 2 pK 22) 26. VII. 2014, SEAG leg. ♂ specimen, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Collection Roland Lupoli. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2015. F: same in partial lateral view. G: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. H: Calagasma eclipsa Lupoli, sp. nov. French Guiana, 1913 Dr Bongrand leg. holotype ♂ conserved at MNHN, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2016. I: same in ventral view. J: same in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260744/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). Clypeus and vertex brownish yellow, bordered on each side by a black line. Mandibular plates rufous and reflexed along lateral margins, converging over clypeus apically. Clypeus slightly longer than mandibular plates. Antennomers I and II rufous.
<bibRefCitation id="FD6C4B5BFFDCFF90FD17DFDBAB9EFB6C" author="Spinola" box="[747,921,1254,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" refString="Spinola, M. (1837) Essai sur les genres d'insectes appartenants a l'ordre des Hemipteres, Lin. ou Rhyngotes, Fab. et a la section Heteropteres, Dufour. Yves Graviers, Geneva, 383 pp." type="book" year="1837">Spinola (1837)</bibRefCitation>
stated that antennomers II are longer than antennomers III and this was confirmed by
<bibRefCitation id="FD6C4B5BFFDCFF90FD7DDE37AB2AFAB0" author="Rolston" box="[641,813,1290,1315]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" refString="Rolston, L. H. (1987) Diagnosis of Epipedus Spinola and redescription of the type species, E. histrio Spinola (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 95 (1), 69 - 72." type="journal article" year="1987">Rolston (1987)</bibRefCitation>
. Distal tenth of antennomers II fuscous. Antennomers I surpassing apex of head. Anterolateral margins of the pronotum convex. Pronotum with extensive rufous markings and concolorous punctures partially enclosed in V-shaped black lines, forming three V-shaped brownish yellow spots. Scutellum flat, mostly rufous with concolorous punctation. Impunctate brownish yellow macule covering most of the mesial half of the scutellar base. At the base of the scutellum on each side, macule and border along most of frenal margins brownish yellow, much of this border outlined in black. Median brownish yellow impunctate carina, starting from the basal tumescence and then disappearing before the apex. Corium greyish rufous with black deep punctations uniformly distributed, except in a large brownish yellow impunctate spot bordered by a black line in the apical part of exocorium and mesocorium, and in a rufous impunctate area in central mesocorium. Distal part of the corium surrounded by a narrow black submarginal line. Costal margin of each corium strongly reflexed basally, posterior margin sigmoid, costal angle acute. Connexivum yellow, impunctate, slightly exposed, less than half as broad as exocorium. Venter greyish yellow as well as legs. All tibiae broadly, shallowly sulcate apically otherwise cylindrical (right protibia and left metatibia visible in
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDCFF90FB63DD87ACDAF940" box="[1183,1245,1722,1747]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1731]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,187,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1388,183,1684]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: Calagasma margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. Dorsal view drawn by Bergroth (1914). Scale = 2 mm. B: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, dorsal view drawn by Rolston (1987), montage of his 3 separate figures (dorsal view, pronotum and right corium). Stippled areas correspond to a rufous (red-brown) color. Scale = 2 mm. C: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. D: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. syntype ♂ conserved at MZHF, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Pekka Malinen (MZHF), 2016. E: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana, Roura (Montagne des Chevaux RN 2 pK 22) 26. VII. 2014, SEAG leg. ♂ specimen, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Collection Roland Lupoli. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2015. F: same in partial lateral view. G: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. H: Calagasma eclipsa Lupoli, sp. nov. French Guiana, 1913 Dr Bongrand leg. holotype ♂ conserved at MNHN, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2016. I: same in ventral view. J: same in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260744/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C) as mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="FD6C4B5BFFDCFF90FF46DDE3A964F964" author="Spinola" box="[186,355,1758,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" refString="Spinola, M. (1837) Essai sur les genres d'insectes appartenants a l'ordre des Hemipteres, Lin. ou Rhyngotes, Fab. et a la section Heteropteres, Dufour. Yves Graviers, Geneva, 383 pp." type="book" year="1837">Spinola (1837)</bibRefCitation>
. Female genital plates with distal ends of the laterotergites 8 &amp; 9 forming acute angles (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDCFF90FACBDDE3AD7CF964" box="[1335,1403,1758,1783]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1067,1089]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,199,1036]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1046]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, ♀ genital plates, ventral view drawn by Rolston (1987). Scale = 0.5 mm. B: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado Mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, ♀ genital plates, ventral view. Scale = 0.5 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. La 8 — Laterotergites 8; La 9 - Laterotergites 9; Gc 8 — Gonocoxites 8, Gc 9 — Gonocoxites 9; X—abdominal segment X or Proctiger. C: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, ♀ genital plates, ventral view. Scale = 0.5 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1E76521FFDCFF93FF3BDC3FAC34FF6B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="994236AAFFDCFF93FF3BDC3FAC34FF6B" blockId="1.[151,1437,858,2035]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDCFF90FF3BDC3FA94FF888" bold="true" box="[199,328,1794,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Comments</emphasis>
: The description by
<bibRefCitation id="FD6C4B5BFFDCFF90FDC3DC3FAAEDF888" author="Spinola" box="[575,746,1794,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" refString="Spinola, M. (1837) Essai sur les genres d'insectes appartenants a l'ordre des Hemipteres, Lin. ou Rhyngotes, Fab. et a la section Heteropteres, Dufour. Yves Graviers, Geneva, 383 pp." type="book" year="1837">Spinola (1837)</bibRefCitation>
of colorful patterns and markings on the dorsal side of
<taxonomicName id="5EFD4D29FFDCFF90FA78DC3EA8E7F8AD" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Epipedus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="histrio">
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDCFF90FA78DC3EA8E7F8AD" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">E. histrio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are consistent with the descriptions and drawings (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDCFF90FCD5DC1BAB6EF8AC" box="[809,873,1830,1855]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1731]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,187,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1388,183,1684]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: Calagasma margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. Dorsal view drawn by Bergroth (1914). Scale = 2 mm. B: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, dorsal view drawn by Rolston (1987), montage of his 3 separate figures (dorsal view, pronotum and right corium). Stippled areas correspond to a rufous (red-brown) color. Scale = 2 mm. C: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. D: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. syntype ♂ conserved at MZHF, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Pekka Malinen (MZHF), 2016. E: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana, Roura (Montagne des Chevaux RN 2 pK 22) 26. VII. 2014, SEAG leg. ♂ specimen, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Collection Roland Lupoli. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2015. F: same in partial lateral view. G: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. H: Calagasma eclipsa Lupoli, sp. nov. French Guiana, 1913 Dr Bongrand leg. holotype ♂ conserved at MNHN, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2016. I: same in ventral view. J: same in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260744/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B) by
<bibRefCitation id="FD6C4B5BFFDCFF90FC49DC1BAC58F8AC" author="Rolston" box="[949,1119,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="331" refString="Rolston, L. H. (1987) Diagnosis of Epipedus Spinola and redescription of the type species, E. histrio Spinola (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 95 (1), 69 - 72." type="journal article" year="1987">Rolston (1987)</bibRefCitation>
and the specimen of UFPR (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDCFF90FF63DC77A8D8F8F0" box="[159,223,1866,1891]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1731]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,187,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1388,183,1684]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: Calagasma margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. Dorsal view drawn by Bergroth (1914). Scale = 2 mm. B: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, dorsal view drawn by Rolston (1987), montage of his 3 separate figures (dorsal view, pronotum and right corium). Stippled areas correspond to a rufous (red-brown) color. Scale = 2 mm. C: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. D: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. syntype ♂ conserved at MZHF, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Pekka Malinen (MZHF), 2016. E: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana, Roura (Montagne des Chevaux RN 2 pK 22) 26. VII. 2014, SEAG leg. ♂ specimen, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Collection Roland Lupoli. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2015. F: same in partial lateral view. G: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. H: Calagasma eclipsa Lupoli, sp. nov. French Guiana, 1913 Dr Bongrand leg. holotype ♂ conserved at MNHN, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2016. I: same in ventral view. J: same in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260744/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). Spinola wrote that head, pronotum, scutellum and cories are scarlet red with some yellowish-white spots. He mentioned three yellowish-white triangular spots bordered with black on the pronotum. These spots are not easy to see on the black and white figure of Rolston (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDCFF90FD19DCAFAB23F838" box="[741,804,1938,1963]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1731]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,187,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1388,183,1684]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: Calagasma margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. Dorsal view drawn by Bergroth (1914). Scale = 2 mm. B: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, dorsal view drawn by Rolston (1987), montage of his 3 separate figures (dorsal view, pronotum and right corium). Stippled areas correspond to a rufous (red-brown) color. Scale = 2 mm. C: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. D: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. syntype ♂ conserved at MZHF, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Pekka Malinen (MZHF), 2016. E: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana, Roura (Montagne des Chevaux RN 2 pK 22) 26. VII. 2014, SEAG leg. ♂ specimen, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Collection Roland Lupoli. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2015. F: same in partial lateral view. G: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. H: Calagasma eclipsa Lupoli, sp. nov. French Guiana, 1913 Dr Bongrand leg. holotype ♂ conserved at MNHN, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2016. I: same in ventral view. J: same in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260744/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B) although they are clearly visible and contrasted in the specimen of UFPR (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDCFF90FE7DDC8BA9C7F85C" box="[385,448,1974,1999]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1731]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,187,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1388,183,1684]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: Calagasma margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. Dorsal view drawn by Bergroth (1914). Scale = 2 mm. B: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, dorsal view drawn by Rolston (1987), montage of his 3 separate figures (dorsal view, pronotum and right corium). Stippled areas correspond to a rufous (red-brown) color. Scale = 2 mm. C: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. D: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. syntype ♂ conserved at MZHF, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Pekka Malinen (MZHF), 2016. E: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana, Roura (Montagne des Chevaux RN 2 pK 22) 26. VII. 2014, SEAG leg. ♂ specimen, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Collection Roland Lupoli. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2015. F: same in partial lateral view. G: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. H: Calagasma eclipsa Lupoli, sp. nov. French Guiana, 1913 Dr Bongrand leg. holotype ♂ conserved at MNHN, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2016. I: same in ventral view. J: same in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260744/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="331">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). This specimen has dimensions and shape of the body similar to those observed by Spinola and Rolston. Spinola mentioned that the first antennomer is reddish in color and that the others are yellowish with a black spot at the tip. This is the case for the specimen of UFPR (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDFFF93FBDEDBAAAC67FF23" box="[1058,1120,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1709,1731]" captionTargetBox="[180,1383,187,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1388,183,1684]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: Calagasma margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. Dorsal view drawn by Bergroth (1914). Scale = 2 mm. B: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, dorsal view drawn by Rolston (1987), montage of his 3 separate figures (dorsal view, pronotum and right corium). Stippled areas correspond to a rufous (red-brown) color. Scale = 2 mm. C: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. D: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana. syntype ♂ conserved at MZHF, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Pekka Malinen (MZHF), 2016. E: C. margarita Bergroth, 1914. French Guiana, Roura (Montagne des Chevaux RN 2 pK 22) 26. VII. 2014, SEAG leg. ♂ specimen, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Collection Roland Lupoli. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2015. F: same in partial lateral view. G: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. H: Calagasma eclipsa Lupoli, sp. nov. French Guiana, 1913 Dr Bongrand leg. holotype ♂ conserved at MNHN, dorsal view. Scale = 2 mm. Photo Roland Lupoli, 2016. I: same in ventral view. J: same in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260744/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C) for antennomers I and II. On the other hand, the female genital plates of this specimen (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDFFF93FCACDB81AB93FF47" box="[848,916,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1067,1089]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,199,1036]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1046]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, ♀ genital plates, ventral view drawn by Rolston (1987). Scale = 0.5 mm. B: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado Mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, ♀ genital plates, ventral view. Scale = 0.5 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. La 8 — Laterotergites 8; La 9 - Laterotergites 9; Gc 8 — Gonocoxites 8, Gc 9 — Gonocoxites 9; X—abdominal segment X or Proctiger. C: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, ♀ genital plates, ventral view. Scale = 0.5 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260745/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B) are very similar to those of the specimen in the Rolston drawing (
<figureCitation id="01C62A2FFFDFFF93FE75DBE2A9E6FF6B" box="[393,481,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1067,1089]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,199,1036]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1046]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil. Lectotype ♀ conserved at MRSN, ♀ genital plates, ventral view drawn by Rolston (1987). Scale = 0.5 mm. B: E. histrio Spinola, 1837. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado Mountain) 1961, Alvarenga &amp; Seabra leg. ♀ specimen conserved at UFPR, ♀ genital plates, ventral view. Scale = 0.5 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016. La 8 — Laterotergites 8; La 9 - Laterotergites 9; Gc 8 — Gonocoxites 8, Gc 9 — Gonocoxites 9; X—abdominal segment X or Proctiger. C: Epipedus rolstoni Lupoli, sp. nov. holotype ♀ conserved at AMNH, ♀ genital plates, ventral view. Scale = 0.5 mm. Photo Jocelia Grazia, 2016." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260745/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) particularly the acute shapes of laterotergites 8 &amp; 9.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1E76521FFDFFF93FF3BDA39AA83FE8E" box="[199,644,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="994236AAFFDFFF93FF3BDA39AA83FE8E" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,285]" box="[199,644,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="AB89EAB8FFDFFF93FF3BDA39A967FE8E" bold="true" box="[199,352,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="E1EA763AFFDFFF93FE9BDA39A9C8FE8F" box="[359,463,260,284]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="5B39F848FFDFFF93FE26DA39AA87FE8E" box="[474,640,260,285]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="332">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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